閱讀理解記敘文主旨-2023屆高考英語閱讀與寫作備考策略

記敘文主旨類題型

1.題干特征：

題干中出現(xiàn)mainidea;mainlyabout;best/suitabletitle;等或問作者寫文章的目的是什么

2.如何定位：

1）當(dāng)記敘文開篇敘事時，主旨通常在文章尾段

2）當(dāng)記敘文不是開篇敘事時，主旨通常在首段

3）當(dāng)記敘文全篇敘事時，主旨通常需要自己總結(jié)

3.方法：

1）在文中（尤其是首尾段）找?guī)в懈星樯实脑~、短語或句子

2）注意文章中人物的情感與性格特點，想表達(dá)的或從事件中懂得的人生道理

帶有感情色彩的詞或短語示例

1）形容詞類：grateful;meaningful;considerate;caring;adorable;critical;aggressive;...

2）名詞類：kindness;spirit;gratitude;honesty;friendship;dream;meaning;...

3）動詞類：realize;appreciate;dawnon;occurto;makesense;reflecton;makeadifference;learnalesson;get

over;...

4.選項特點：

1）人物加事件

2）人生道理

3）諺語

諺語示例：

Actionspeakslouderthanwords;

Birdsofafeatherflocktogether;

Ifsnevertoooldtolearn;

典型例題1

Toalloftheteachersintheworldwhoarelikeyou,Iwishyouknewhowgratefulparentsareforyou.We

adoreyou,respectyou,andappreciateyou.Wedon'ttellyouenough——weprobablydon'ttellyouever.Iwishwe

couldtakeyouwithustothenext12grades.

題：Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Goodwishestoakindergartenteacher

B.Sincerethankstoakindergartenteacher

C.Asweetmemoryofkindergartenlife

D.Akid'sdailybehaviorinthekindergarten

【答案】B

【解析】本段截取自記敘文尾段。由段落中g(shù)rateful;adore;respect;appreciate等帶有感情色彩的詞可知，文

章想表達(dá)家長對于老師的感激，因此答案選B

典型例題2

ThiswasasmallmatterbutithadabiginfluenceonMorrow.Hetoldpeopleaboutthisexperiencemany

timesinhislaterlifeandevenwroteaboutitinoneofhisbooks.Morrowrealizedthateachperson'sabilityis

limitedandmanyproblemscan'tbesolvedinoneday.Thus,wemustactstepbystepandreachourgoals

gradually.

題：What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Don'tcountonaskingthewayonce

B.Don'tbeafraidoflosingtheway

C.Learntomanageonyourown

D.Morrow'sunusualexperience

【答案】A

【解析】本段截取自記敘文尾段。由段落中Morrowrealizethateachperson'sabilityislimitedandmany

problemscan'tbesolvedinoneday.和Thus,wemustactstepbystepandreachourgoalsgradually兩句中得

知，Morrow意識到的人生道理應(yīng)該是文章主旨，即每個人的能力是有限的，問題不能一天解決，要一步步

逐漸的解決，因此對應(yīng)A選項

典型例題3

MamoudouGassama,aMalianmigrant,wonwidespreadpraiseafterclimbingtheoutsideofabuildingtosave

afour-year-oldboyhangingfromabalconyinParis.NowheistobemadeaFrenchcitizen.

ThemayorofParisAnneHidalgowasamongthosetopraisethe22-year-old'sheroismandsaidshehadcalled

himtothankhim.

題：What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Aboywassavedfromabalconyluckily

B.AmigrantwillbecomeacitizenofFrance

C.AMalianmangotaspecialprizeforhisheroism

D.Acarelessfatherputhissonintoadangeroussituation

【答案】C

【解析】此文截取自記敘文首兩段。由第一段中的aMalianmigrant；praise；saveafour-year-oldboy以及

第二段中的praise；heroism等帶有感情色彩的詞得知本文講述一個移民小伙在救了一個男孩后因為他的英

雄事跡而被獎勵成為法國公民的事，因此選C

練習(xí)題

1.AsIsatthere,myheartburstingwithpride,itdawnedonmethatIhadtaughthimperseveranceinthefaceof

adversity（逆境），andhehadjusttaughtmethesamelesson.Thatbriefmomentofself-doubtandfeelingsorryfbr

myselfwasblownawaybytheactionsofmysononthebasketballcourt.Hewillplayinthefinals,butitdoesn't

matterifhewinsorloses.Atthismoment,webothwon.

題：Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefbrthetext?

A.LifeGoesJustLikePlayingBasketball

B.ItMattersWhethertoWinorLose

C.ALessoninLifeandBasketball

D.FatherandSoninLife

2.Thafswhyitwasn'tuntilthenextmorningwhenIwokeinahouseintheabsenceofherfootstepsthatthe

tearsfinallycame------andwouldn'tstop.Iunderstoodthatmydaughterhadleftthehouse,andIheldontothe

memoryofherrunning.Whenthetearsstopped,Iwasrelievedthatherbodyknewwhatwasneededonseparation

day,andthatwithourloveandsupport,shehadthecouragetoruntoanunfamiliardistance,toglaceback,yetto

keepmovingforward.

題：Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.AHeartbrokenSeparation

B.TheStoryofaSuccessfulMom

C.HowtoDealWithHomesickness

D.MovingForwardWithLoveandSupport

3.Afterstrugglinginthewaterforover20hours,therecameaU.S.Navyhelicopter.Itbanked,andcircledback

towardthem.UemotoandMcMahonburstintotears.Alone,eitherofthemwouldhavedied.Buttogether,they

madeit.

題：Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ARaceAgainstDeath

B.ATestofFriendship

C.AWonderMadebyJoinedHands

D.AStruggleFoughtintheDarkness

4.Ihopethetripgavekidssomelazy,unstructuredtimetolearnsomethingaboutvaluingthetripinsteadof

lookingforthefastestwaytobumitup.Idon'talwaysmaketherightcallasparentbutIknowthatinbanningthe

smallscreenswemadetherightchoicethistime.

題：Whatisthebesttitlefbrthetext?

A.IsDrivingLongDistanceGoodfbrChildren?

B.ATouchingCross-countryTripofMyFamily

C.What'sWrongWithBoredomWithoutHighTech?

D.CreativeKidsoutofParents'ReasonableChoices

5.TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare“ifonly^^.Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingto

saythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.

IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay“ifonly^^aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetter

becauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextra

minutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonal

connection,IknowthatI'mdoingtherightthingI'mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat'sthebestkindof

insuranceformyemotionalwell-being.

題：What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ToKeepEmotionalWell-being

B.ToPrevent"IfOnly“Moments

C.ToFollowtheMostUsefulRule

D.ToAchievethePeaceofMind

6.Sadly,ittookanothertworidiculousDIYprojectstofinallygetthrough.Thecrackswillneverbefullyfilled.

Focus,then,onyourowninnercore,thefeedingoflight,fireandstrength.

題：Whafstheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Todescribeanunforgettableevent

B.ToshowthedangerofDIY

C.Tostresstheimportanceofsleep

D.Toencourageustofocusonourselves

7.Camillewasright.Miraclesawaitus,justaroundthecomer.

題：Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?

A.Neverlosehope

B.Nopain,nogain

C.Everylittlebithelps

D.Wellbegunishalfdone

8.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（犧牲）

toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy."Somenightsmy

heartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,“shesays.However,her

childrenhavelearntanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generation

graduateandaninspirationtoherfamily------andthat'sprettypowerful.

題：WhatcanerlearnfromJennifer'sstory?

A.Timeismoney

B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers（障礙）

C.Hardworkpaysoff

D.Educationisthekeytosuccess

9.Thisincredibleexperienceliftedmyspirits.EverytimeIsawMelduringgamesonTVasIawaitedmy

transplant,Irepeatedtomyself“LookatMel.Ifhecandoit,socanI.”

題：Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Theskillstaughtbymyformercoach

B.Thetransplantgivenbythesamedoctors

C.Mybaseballteamhelpingmeout

D.Mycoach?sspiritsshiningonme

10.ElenaGriffinghasjustspenther72ndyearworkingforthesameSanFranciscoBayAreahospital,andshehas

noplanstostopworkinganytimesoon.Thehospitalhasseenherresent92ndbirthday....

...Now,sheislivingaregularandcomfortablelife,enjoyinggardening,jazzandcomingtowork.Ifshehasher

way,she'llkeepworking“untiltheythrowmeoutortheycarrymeoutinabox”.

題：Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Nevertoooldtowork

B.Aright-handwoman

C.Theoldestwomaninthehospital

D.Anoldwomanwithoutherappendix

11.InOctober,Itoldtheeight-year-oldsintheclassIteachinPomptonLakes,NewJersey,aboutmyplan."I'd

likeallofyoutodoextrajobsaroundthehousetoearnsomemoney,“Isaid."Thenwewillbuyfoodforadinner

forsomeonewhomightnothaveanicedinnerotherwise.,,Ihopedtheycouldexperienceasenseoftheirown

powertoeffectchange....

...Inthatonebriefmoment,theyhadseenforthemselvesthepowertheypossessedtomakeanother'slifebetter.

題：Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Myteachingcareer

B.Howtohelppoorpeople

C.Theimportanceofgiving

D.Ahappyshoppingexperience

12.Therearealwayssomestoriesinthelifethatcanhardlybeforgottenandwillrestoreourhopeforholidays

everytimewerecollect.

題：Whatcanserveasthetitleforthetext?

A.AnunexpectedNewYeardinner

B.Ahard-wonNewYearpresent

C.AtreasuredNewYearmemory

D.Alife-changingNewYearexperience

13.Whenplumbing（管道設(shè)備）makesfunnynoises,ifsnotalwaysagoodsign.ButJohnKovac,aharpist（豎琴

演奏者）fromVirginia,likesthepipestosing.Hethinksplumbingpipesmakegoodmusicalinstruments.

題：Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.MusicalPlumbing

B.AWonderfulHarpist

C.APlumber'sMusicDream

D.TheEastCoastPVCBand

14.Peopledisagreeaboutwhethertheluckcomesforfindingorpossessingaclover.Somebelievethattheluckis

lostifthefour-leafcloverisshowntosomebodyelse,whileothersthinkthattheluckdoublesifitisgiven

away.Ibelievethatpositivityisincreasedbysharing.Ifeelluckytofindthecloverssooften,butIdon'tthink

theyinfluencemylifeanymorethanitdoestoshareanythingalittlespecialwithafriendorastranger.

題：Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?

A.Toadvisereaderstolookforclovers.

B.Toencouragereaderstosharesomethingwithothers.

C.Toshowreaderstheinfluenceofgoodluck.

D.Totellreadersthewayofkeepingclovers.

15....Hecontinued,44Minnielovedthisvillage,andshewantedtokeeponhelpingpeopleaftershewasgone.”

ThoughImovedawaylater,IwouldliketobelieveMinnieisstillincirculation（流通）.Minniestrikesmeas

thekindofwomenwhogoesonforever.

題：Whichofthefollowingbestconveysthemessage?

A.Kindnessisthekeythatunlockstheheart.

B.Hewhoplantskindnessgatherslove.

C.Alittlekindnessgoesalongway.

D.Itisingivingthatwereceive.

參考答案

1.C.本題截取自記敘文尾段。由本段首句中的itdawnonme…andhehadjusttaughtmethesamelesson.

可知，作者教會了兒子在逆境中學(xué)會堅持，兒子則通過籃球比賽讓我明白了輸贏并不重要，重要的是堅

持。故選C。

2.D.本題截取自記敘文尾段。由本段上半部分能夠推測出女兒要離開家了而身為母親我非常不舍。由本

段最后一句中的withourloveandsupport,...yettokeepmovingforward.得知女兒帶著家人的愛和期待,

自信勇敢的開始人生新的階段。故選D。

3.C.本題截取自記敘文尾段。由本段最后兩句得知，單獨一個人，他們兩個中的任意一個都會死，但兩

個人一起卻成功做到了。C選項聯(lián)手完成的奇跡符合題意。故選C。

4.C.本題截取自記敘文尾段。由本段最后一句中的banningthesmallscreen可知我在旅途中禁止了孩子看

手機或其他電子產(chǎn)品，并且認(rèn)為自己做了很正確的選擇。故選C。

5.B.本題截取自記敘文的首段和尾段。首段首兩句即點明文章的主旨：ifonly是世界上最悲傷的語言；

我人生目標(biāo)就是不去說這兩個詞。尾段又進(jìn)一步闡述。故選B。

6.D.本題截取自記敘文尾段。根據(jù)本段中最后一句話——...然后把注意力集中在你的內(nèi)在核心，那光、

那火和那力量的滋養(yǎng)——可以推測作者意識到我們應(yīng)該把注意力集中在自己身上。故選D。

7.A.本題截取自記敘文尾段。由最后一句——奇跡等著我們，就在拐角處（就在不遠(yuǎn)的前方）——與A

選項永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄希望對應(yīng)。故選A。

8.C.本題截取自記敘文尾段。從本段第二句得知Jennifer為了學(xué)業(yè)做了很多犧牲。再