Unit+3+Celebrations+Period+2+Spring+Festival+(Ⅱ) 高一英語北師大版（2019）必修第一冊

Unit3Lesson1SpringFestivalGrammar新課導(dǎo)入

LookandsayDon’tputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.Experiencemustbebought.Aheroisknowninthetimeofmisfortune.Trytotranslatethefollowingwell-knownsayingsintoChinese.And,doyourememberwhattheredfontis?今日事，今日畢。吃一塹，長一智。時(shí)勢造英雄。Passivevoice課堂學(xué)習(xí)Lookatthefollowingexamples.Findoutthestructureofpassivevoice,andunderlinemoreexamplesinthetexts.FocusonLanguage:ThePassive1.Thehousewascleanedfromtoptobottom.2.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.3.Trainticketsorflightshavetobebookedasearlyaspossible.4.Thespiritofthefestival—thespiritoffamily—haslargelybeenkept.SpringFestivalis

highlyvaluedbyeveryChinesefamily.Fireworkswerebeingletoffacrossthecity.IamsurroundedbyShanxiaccents.Greatfunisalsoenjoyedinthekitchenasjiaoziarebeingmade....MoreexamplesinthetextsGrammar被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本用法：不知道或沒有必要指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者或事件本身時(shí)也常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)(by短語有時(shí)可以省略)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)與時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)合，形成各種時(shí)態(tài)下的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)一般式am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedone進(jìn)行式am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone

完成式have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendone1.使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題(1)主動(dòng)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)雙賓語的變化。Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.我的朋友在我生日那天給了我一本有趣的書?！鶤ninterestingbookwas

given

to

me(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.→Iwas

givenaninterestingbook(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.(2)主動(dòng)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí),賓語成主語;(作補(bǔ)語的)不定式前需加to(位置不變)。Thebossmadehimworkalldaylong.老板讓他整天工作?！鶫ewas

madetoworkalldaylong(bytheboss).老板讓他整天工作。(3)短語動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),勿要掉“尾巴”。Thechildrenwere

taken

good

care

of(byher).孩子們被她照顧得很好。Yourpronunciationandspellingshould

be

paid

attention

to.你的發(fā)音和拼寫應(yīng)該注意。(4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,begoingto,beto,besureto,haveto等結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),只需將它們后面的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)椤癰e+過去分詞”。Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.我們可以在兩天內(nèi)把這塊表修好?！鶷hiswatchcan

be

repairedintwodays.這只表兩天就能修好。(5)當(dāng)句子的謂語為say,believe,expect,think,know,write,consider,report等時(shí),被動(dòng)語態(tài)有兩種形式:①謂語動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語態(tài),動(dòng)詞不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語。②用it作形式主語,真正的主語在后面用主語從句來表示。Peoplesayheisasmartboy.人們說他是個(gè)聰明的男孩?！鶫eissaidtobeasmartboy.據(jù)說他是個(gè)聰明的男孩?！鶬tis

saidthatheisasmartboy.據(jù)說他是個(gè)聰明的男孩。【溫馨提示】類似句型有:Itissaid/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thoughtthat...2.不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種情況(1)表示狀態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞,如:last,hold,contain,fit,cost等。(2)表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞或短語,如have,own,belongto等。(3)表示“希望、意圖、喜好”的動(dòng)詞,如:wish,want,hope,like,love,hate等。(4)賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài),不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(5)賓語是同源賓語、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式等,謂語動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義(1)當(dāng)連系動(dòng)詞feel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容詞時(shí);當(dāng)cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash等作為不及物動(dòng)詞表示主語內(nèi)在“品質(zhì)”或“性能”時(shí);當(dāng)動(dòng)詞表示“開始,結(jié)束,關(guān),停,轉(zhuǎn),啟動(dòng)”等時(shí)。Theflowerssmellsweet.花兒散發(fā)著芳香。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.這種布料容易洗。(2)當(dāng)breakout,takeplace,shutoff,turnoff,workout等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生,關(guān)閉,制定”等時(shí)。Thelampsonthewallturned

off.墻上的燈熄滅了。9Chooseaproperoptionforeachsituation.Explainwhy.1.MyfriendGeorgedrawslandscapepictures.__________A.Hesellsthemformoney.B.Theyaresoldbyhimformoney.2.There’ssomebodybehindus.__________

A.Ithinkwe’rebeingfollowed.B.Ithinksomeoneisfollowingus.3.Thisorangejuicetastesawful.__________A.Ithinksomeonehasleftitoutsidethefridgeforalongtime.B.Ithinkit’sbeenleftoutsidethefridgeforalongtime.4.Tommytakesgoodcareofhiscar.__________A.Hewashesthecareveryweek.B.Thecariswashedbyhimeveryweek.5.Theoldladyrentedanoldhouse.__________A.Somebodybuiltitin1900.B.Itwasbuiltin1900.AABAB10Readthenewsreport.Rewritetheunderlinedsectionsinpassivevoice.(1)TheLanternShowinDatong,ahistoriccityinnorthernChina,isattractingtensofthousandsofvisitorsduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.TheLanternShowexhibitsover60seriesoflanterns,amongwhich12areicelanterns.(2)Peoplemixtraditionallanternswithicelanternstocreateaspecialandhappyatmosphere.TheshowusuallystartsfromthefifthdayoftheSpringFestival.BesidestheLanternShow,peoplecanalsoenjoymanyotheractivities,includingtraditionaloperasandlanternriddleguessinggames.TensofthousandsofvisitorsarebeingattractedbytheLanternShowinDatong,ahistoriccityinnorthernChina,duringtheSpringFestivalholiday.Traditionallanternsandicelanternsaremixedtocreateaspecialandhappyatmosphere.(3)Lastyear,thegovernmentrebuilttheancientwallsinthiscityand(4)thisyear,thegovernmentorganisedtheLanternShowundertheancientwallsforthefirsttime.Thenewlybuiltancientwallshavenowbecomeacallingcardforthecity.Officialssaythatover80,000peoplevisitedtheshowonthefirstday.(5)Theyexpectmorepeopletovisitinthecomingdays.TheLanternShowendson16February.Theancientwallsinthiscitywererebuiltbythegovernmentlastyear.TheLanternShowwasorganisedbythegovernmentundertheancientwallsforthefirsttimethisyear.Morepeopleareexpectedtovisitinthecomingd