無(wú)錫外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期初考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

解析第21頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)無(wú)錫外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校2022～2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高一期初考英語(yǔ)試題考試時(shí)間：120分鐘總分：150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandoaftertheconversation?A.Gotoasupermarket.B.Gohomewiththeman.C.Continueworking.2.Wheredothespeakersmostprobablylive?A.Inthecountry.B.Inthetown.C.Inthecity.3.What’stheman’splanfortheweekend?A.Tojointhewomanforanouting.B.Torelaxthewholeweekend.C.Toworkonhisschoolpaper.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasalockeratschool.B.HedislikesschoollifeC.Hedoesn’tstudyhard.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthebusinesshours?A.8:30amto4:30pmonworkdays.B.8:30amto3:30pmonSaturday.C.9:00amto3:30pmonSundays.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendidthewomangettheshoes?A.Recently.B.Lastmonth.C.Lastyear.7.Whydidn’tthewomanweartheshoes?A.Becauseshehadtoomanyshoes.B.Becausetheydidn’tfitherfeet.C.Becauseshedidn’tlikethem.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atthemarket.C.Athome.9.Whatdoestheconversationshowaboutthewoman?A.Sheiscareless.B.Sheistalkative.C.Shehasagoodmemory.聽第8段材料，回答10至12題。10.What’sthewoman’spurposeofaskingforaniPad?A.Tostudy.B.Toreadbooks.C.Toplaygames11.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Thewomancannotfinde-books.B.Thewomancan’ttakenotesbyusinganiPad.C.Thewomancan’tgoovernoteseasily.12.Whatwillthemandoforthewomanintheend?A.HewillrefusetobuyaniPad.B.He’llgetaniPadforher.C.He’llbuymorenotebooksforher.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdidtheman’ssisterdolastsummer?A.Shetookatrip.B.Shedidpetwalking.C.Shedidbaby-sitting.14.Whywon’tthewomandopet-walking?A.Becauseshehashoenoughtime.B.Becauseshethinksitisboring.C.Becauseshedoesn’tlikeanimals.15.Whatwillthewomando?A.Washdishes.B.Teachscience.C.Baby-sitakid.16.Whowillthemangiveaphonecallto?A.Hiscousin.B.Hisnephew.C.Hisister.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whereisthespeakernow?A.InAthens.B.InAlabama.C.InNewYork.18.Howlargeisthespeaker’scountry?A.131,957squaremiles.B.50,949squarekitometers.C.131,957quarekilometers.19.Whatdoesthegovernmentofthespeaker’scountrythinkisimportant?A.Education.B.Languagelearning.C.Agriculture.20.Whatdoesthespeakerdoattheendofthetext?A.Heintroducessomemainproductsofhiscountry.B.Heexplainswhyhiscountryisworthvisiting.C.Heencouragesthelistenerstovisithiscountry.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACamberwellCollegeSwimmingPoolsCamberwellCollegeofArtshasone50m(Olympicsized)poolwithadepthof2mthroughout,andone25mpoolwitha1mshallowendanda4mdeepend.Bothpoolsmaybeusedbythegeneralpublicatcertaintimes.50mPoolThepoolisoftenusedforclasses,butthegeneralpublicmayusetwolanes（泳道）forlaneswimmingatthefollowingtimes.Monday:06:30-11:30and19:00-21:00Tuesday:06:30-11:30and18:00-21:00Wednesday:06:30-13:30and17:30-21:30Thursday:06:30-13:30Friday:06:30-13:30Weekends:09:00-17:00Childrenundertheageof14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.PleasenotethatduringCollegeholidays,thesetimeswillbedifferent.Call04837393560forup-to-dateinformation.25mPoolThe25mpoolisavailableforrecreational(non-lane)swimmingfrom07:00-09:00and12:30-13:30onweekdays,and10:00-16:00onSaturdays.Childrenaged12andundermustbeaccompanied.Weregretthatthe25mpoolwillbeclosedforredecorationbetween21stJulyand18thAugust.Themen’schangingroomswillbeclosedfortheweekbeginning19thAugust,andthewomen’schangingroomswillbeclosedthefollowingweek.Alternative（可選用的）changingroomswillbemadeavailable.We’resorryforthis.1.Whencanthegeneralpublicusethe50mpoolonSundays?A.06:30. B.13:30.C.18:00. D.21:00.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthe50mpool?A.It’s4metersdeep. B.It’susuallyusedforteaching.C.It’sunsuitableforchildrenunder14. D.It’sunavailableduringCollegeholidays.3.The25mpoolwillbeclosed________.A.foraweek B.on26thAugustC.on19thAugust D.foraboutamonth【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了CamberwellCollege兩個(gè)游泳池的詳細(xì)情況，對(duì)公眾的開放時(shí)間以及注意事項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)50mPool中“Weekends:09:00-17:00”可知50米的游泳池在周末對(duì)公眾開放的時(shí)間是09:00-17:00，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有13:30在此時(shí)間段內(nèi)，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)50mPool中“Thepoolisoftenusedforclasses”可知，該泳池經(jīng)常用于教學(xué)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“the25mpoolwillbeclosedforredecorationbetween21stJulyand18thAugust.”可知，25米的泳池將在7月21日到8月18日之間重新裝修，關(guān)閉大約1個(gè)月時(shí)間。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文介紹了CamberwellCollege兩個(gè)游泳池的詳細(xì)情況，對(duì)公眾的開放時(shí)間，注意事項(xiàng)和情況通知。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上?？焖偻ㄆx，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。如小題2考查文章細(xì)節(jié)，根據(jù)第一段one50m(Olympicsized)poolwithadepthof2mthroughout,可知這個(gè)游泳池的深度是2米，A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Thepoolisoftenusedforclasses可知這個(gè)泳池常用于教學(xué)，B正確。根據(jù)Childrenundertheageof14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.可知14歲以下兒童必須在成人陪伴下游泳，不是不適合游泳。C錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)PleasenotethatduringCollegeholidays,thesetimeswillbedifferent.可知大學(xué)假期期間時(shí)間有所變動(dòng)，不是不能使用。D錯(cuò)誤。BIstudyEnglishliteratureatuniversityandhavealwaysbeenproudofBritain’sliteraryheritage(文學(xué)遺產(chǎn)).SomeBritishauthorsthatyoumayhaveheardofareCharlesDickensandJaneAusten.Thesewritersarefamousallovertheworldbecausetheirbookshavebeentranslatedintomanydifferentlanguages.IntheUK,theirnovelsarecelebratedassomeofthebestthathaveeverbeenwritten.Wesaythatthesenovelsare“classic”becausetheyarestillreadandenjoyedyearsaftertheirpublication.IreadclassicnovelsbecausetheyarepartofmyuniversitylessonsbutalsobecauseIenjoythem.Theycanteachyoualotabouthowpeopleusedtoliveandwhatsocietywaslikeinthepast.NovelslikeHardTimesbyCharlesDickensremindusofthepovertyinLondonduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhileJaneAusten’sfictionshowsuswhatfamilylifewaslikeinthe18thcentury.Classicnovelsusuallyhavememorablestorieslandinterestingcharacters.OneofmyfavouritebooksisCharlesDickensGreatExpectations.ItisaboutaboycalledPipwhosuddenlyreceivesalotofmoneyfromamysterioussupporter.Ashegrowsup,hischaracterchanges:hebecomesquiteselfishandmean.AnotherimportantcharacterisMissHavisham.Whenshewasyoung,herfiancéranawayontheirweddingday.Shelivesinadarkhouseandstillwearsherweddingdress.Sheisafascinatingcharacter,bothsadandscary.Readingclassicnovelsenrichesmyknowledgeandlifeexperience.Andithasbecomepartoflife.4.Whyaresomenovelscalled“classic”?A.Theystandthetestoftime.B.Theyaretaughtatuniversities.C.Theyarewrittenbyfamousauthors.D.Theyaretranslatedintomanylanguages.5.WhyisHardTimesmentionedinParagraph2?A.Tointroducetheuniversitylessons.B.ToremindpeopleofthepovertyinLondon.C.Toletpeopleknowaboutwhatfamilylifewaslike.D.Toproveclassicnovelshelppeopleknowthepast.6.WhatcanweknowaboutthecharacterMissHavisham?A.Sheisselfishandmean.BShelivesanunhappylife.C.Shelovesweddingdressesmost.D.Shebecomesrichwithothers’support.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhyIlikeclassicnovelsB.WhysomenovelsareclassicC.HowtoreadclassicnovelsD.Howtoteachclassicnovels【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。作者在文中論述了自己喜歡經(jīng)典小說(shuō)的原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Wesaythatthesenovelsare‘classic’becausetheyarestillreadandenjoyedyearsaftertheirpublication.(我們說(shuō)這些小說(shuō)是“經(jīng)典”，因?yàn)樗鼈兂霭娑嗄旰笕员蝗藗冮喿x和喜愛)”可知，有些小說(shuō)被稱為“經(jīng)典”是因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theycanteachyoualotabouthowpeopleusedtoliveandwhatsocietywaslikeinthepast.NovelslikeHardTimesbyCharlesDickensremindusofthepovertyinLondonduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhileJaneAusten’sfictionshowsuswhatfamilylifewaslikeinthe18thcentury.(他們可以教你很多關(guān)于過(guò)去人們?nèi)绾紊詈瓦^(guò)去的社會(huì)是什么樣子的東西。狄更斯的小說(shuō)《艱難的時(shí)代》讓我們想起了工業(yè)革命時(shí)期倫敦的貧困，而簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀的小說(shuō)則向我們展示了18世紀(jì)的家庭生活)”可推知，第二段中提到了HardTimes是為了證明經(jīng)典小說(shuō)能幫助人們了解過(guò)去。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“AnotherimportantcharacterisMissHavisham.Whenshewasyoung,herfiancéranawayontheirweddingday.Shelivesinadarkhouseandstillwearsherweddingdress.Sheisafascinatingcharacter,bothsadandscary.(另一個(gè)重要的角色是郝薇香小姐。在她年輕的時(shí)候，她的未婚夫在他們的婚禮上逃跑了。她住在黑暗的房子里，還穿著她的婚紗。她是一個(gè)迷人的角色，既悲傷又可怕)”可推知，關(guān)于MissHavisham，我們能知道她過(guò)著不幸福的生活。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合文章最后的結(jié)語(yǔ)“Readingclassicnovelsenrichesmyknowledgeandlifeexperience.Andithasbecomepartoflife.(閱讀經(jīng)典小說(shuō)豐富了我的知識(shí)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)。它已經(jīng)成為生活的一部分)”可知，作者在文中分析了喜歡經(jīng)典小說(shuō)的原因，所以“WhyIlikeclassicnovels(我為什么喜歡古典小說(shuō))”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CThinkofaseedburiedinapot.It’sdarkdownthereinthepottingsoil.There’snolight,nosunshine.Sohowdoesitknowwhichwayisupandwhichwayisdown?Itdoesknow.Seedssendshootsuptowardthesky,androotstheotherway.Darknessdoesn’tconfusethem.Somehow,theygetitright.Moresurprisingly,ifyouturnaseedling(秧苗)orawholebunchofseedlingsupsidedown,asThomasAndrewKnightoftheRoyalSocietydidaround200yearsago,thetipsandrootsoftheplantwillsense,“Hey,I’mupsidedown.Look!IwillturnmywaytotherightdirectionanddoaU-turn.”Howdotheyknow?AccordingtobotanistDanielChamovitz,ThomasKnightabout200yearsagoguessedthatplantsmustsensegravity.Knightproveditwithacrazyexperimentinvolvingaspinningplate.Heattachedabunchofplantseedlingsontoadisc.Theplatewasthenturnedbyawaterwheelpoweredbyalocalstreamataspeedof150revolutions(旋轉(zhuǎn))perminuteforseveraldays.Ifyouhavebeenatanamusementparkinaspinningteacup,youknowthatbecauseofcentrifugalforce(離心力)yougetpushedawayfromthecenterofthespinningobjecttowardtheoutside.Knightwondered,wouldtheplantsrespondtothecentrifugalpullofgravityandpointtheirrootstotheoutsideofthespinningplate?Whenhelooked,that’swhatthey’ddone.Everyplantonthedischadrespondedtothepullofgravity,andpointeditsrootstotheoutside.Therootspointedout,andtheshootspointedin.SoThomasKnightprovedthatplantscananddosensethepull.8.HowdoestheauthorwriteabouttheyoungseedlinginParagraph2?A.Bydescribingvividly. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bytellingstones. D.Byaskingquestions.9.Whatdeterminesthedirectionthattheplantchoose?A.Soil. B.Sunshine.C.Darkness. D.Gravity.10.WhatdidKnight’sexperimentprove?A.Plantshavetheirowndesires. B.Plantscanfeelthepull.C.Speedinfluencesplants’growing. D.PlantscangrowquicklybydoingaU-turn.11.Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybefound?A.Inabookreview. B.Inalifestylemagazine.C.Inascientificreport. D.Inanofficialdocument.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了植物通過(guò)自身感官感知到重力的作用，并對(duì)自身的生長(zhǎng)方向做出調(diào)整?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hey,I’mupsidedown.Look!IwillturnmywaytotherightdirectionanddoaU-turn.(嘿，我倒過(guò)來(lái)了。看!我將轉(zhuǎn)向正確的方向，做一個(gè)U型轉(zhuǎn)彎)”可推知，作者用一種生活化的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)生動(dòng)地描述了幼苗調(diào)整自身生長(zhǎng)形態(tài)的過(guò)程。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“AccordingtobotanistDanielChamovitz,ThomasKnightabout200yearsagoguessedthatplantsmustsensegravity.Knightproveditwithacrazyexperimentinvolvingaspinningplate.(根據(jù)植物學(xué)家丹尼爾·查莫維茨，托馬斯·奈特大約在200年前猜測(cè)植物一定能感知重力。奈特用一個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)盤的瘋狂實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了這一點(diǎn))”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為植物可以感知到重力的作用，并用實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了這一理論。由此推知，重力決定了植物的生長(zhǎng)方向。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“SoThomasKnightprovedthatplantscananddosensethepull.(所以托馬斯·奈特證明了植物能夠也確實(shí)能感覺到引力)”可知，ThomasKnight的實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了植物可以感覺到引力的作用力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文，介紹了植物通過(guò)自身感官感知到重力的作用，并對(duì)自身的生長(zhǎng)方向做出調(diào)整。屬于科技報(bào)告，與書評(píng)、雜志和官方文件無(wú)關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)。DMountaineershavenotedthatastheyclimb,forexample,uptothe12,633footHumphreysPeakinArizona,plantlifechangesgreatly.IntheSonoranDesert,oneclimbsintoapineforestat7,000feetandatreelesstundra(凍土帶)onthetopofthemountain.Itmayseemthatplantsatagivenaltitudeareassociatedinwhatcanbecalled“communities”—groupingsofspecies.Theideaisthatovertime,plantsthatrequireparticularclimateandsoilconditionscometoliveinthesameplaces,andarefrequentlytobefoundtogether.Scientistsstudythehistoryofplantlifeandbuildupapictureofhowgroupsofplantshaverespondedtoclimatechangesandhowecosystemsdevelop.Butaretheseassociations,whicharerealinthepresent,permanent?Agreatnaturalexperimenttookplaceonthisplanetbetween25000and10,000yearsago,whensmallchangesintheearth’sorbitcausedgreatsheetsoficetospreadfrompoles.Theseglaciers(冰川)coveredmuchofNorthAmericaandEuropetodepthsofuptotwomiles,andthen,astheclimatewarmed,theyretreated.Duringthisretreat,theyleftbehindnewlyuncoveredlandforlivingthingstooccupy,andasthoselivingthingsmovedintheylaiddownarecordwecanreadnow.Astheiceretreatedandplantsstartedtogrownearalake,theyreleasepollen(花粉).Somewouldfallintothelake,sinktothebottomandmixwiththesand.Bydrillingintothelakebottomitispossibletoreadtherecordoftheplantlifearoundthelake.Thefossilrecordseemsclear;thereislittleornoevidencethatentiregroupsofplantsmovednorthtogether.Thingsthatlivedtogetherinthepastdon’tlivetogethernow,andthingsthatlivetogethernowdidn’tlivetogetherinthepast.Eachindividuallivingthingsmovedatitsownpace.Thefossilrecordseemstobetellingusthatweshouldbethinkingaboutpreservingspeciesbygivingthemroomtomoveabout—torespondtoenvironmentalchanges.12.Accordingtothepassage,themovementofindividualspeciesofplants________.A.occursingroupsB.oftendependsupontheformationoflakesC.doesnotoccuringroupsD.dependsuponclimateandsoilconditions13.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT________.A.TheiceageoccurredwhenthereweresmallchangesintheorbitoftheearthB.fossilrecordsseemtoindicatethatplantswillbepreservediftheyhaveenoughroomtomoveC.fossilrecordsclearlyshowthatentiregroupsofplantsareunlikelytohavemovedtogetherD.intheiceageglacierscoveredtheworldtodepthsofuptotwomiles14.Theunderlinedword“which”refersto________.AtheresponsesofplantstoclimatechangesB.thecurrenttheoriesofecosystemsC.thedevelopmentofecosystemsD.plantlifechanges15.Thesecondparagraphisintendedto________.A.supportthemainideaofthefirstparagraphB.answerthequestionraisedinfirstparagraphC.makesuggestionsaboutrespondingtoenvironmentalchangesD.stresstheimportanceofpreservingspecies【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要探究了山體植物如何對(duì)氣候變化做出回應(yīng)并形成獨(dú)有的生態(tài)體系?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thefossilrecordseemsclear;thereislittleornoevidencethatentiregroupsofplantsmovednorthtogether.Thingsthatlivedtogetherinthepastdon’tlivetogethernow,andthingsthatlivetogethernowdidn’tlivetogetherinthepast.Eachindividuallivingthingsmovedatitsownpace.(化石記錄似乎很清楚；很少或根本沒有證據(jù)表明整個(gè)植物群一起向北遷移。過(guò)去生活在一起的東西現(xiàn)在不會(huì)生活在一起，現(xiàn)在生活在一起的東西過(guò)去也不會(huì)生活在一起。每個(gè)物種都以自己的節(jié)奏移動(dòng))”可知，每個(gè)物種都以自己的節(jié)奏遷移，單個(gè)植物物種的遷移不會(huì)發(fā)生在群體中。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theseglaciers(冰川)coveredmuchofNorthAmericaandEuropetodepthsofuptotwomiles,andthen,astheclimatewarmed,theyretreated.(這些冰川覆蓋了北美和歐洲的大部分地區(qū)深達(dá)兩英里，然后，隨著氣候變暖，它們退縮了)”可知，D項(xiàng)中的“coveredtheworld”錯(cuò)誤。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。分析句子可知，劃線詞是定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞，指代先行詞theseassociations，再根據(jù)指代關(guān)系和前文“Itmayseemthatplantsatagivenaltitudeareassociatedinwhatcanbecalled“communities”—groupingsofspecies.Theideaisthatovertime,plantsthatrequireparticularclimateandsoilconditionscometoliveinthesameplaces,andarefrequentlytobefoundtogether.Scientistsstudythehistoryofplantlifeandbuildupapictureofhowgroupsofplantshaverespondedtoclimatechangesandhowecosystemsdevelop.(在特定海拔高度上的植物似乎是在所謂的“群落”中相聯(lián)系的——物種的群體。他們的想法是，隨著時(shí)間的推移，需要特定氣候和土壤條件的植物會(huì)在相同的地方生活，而且經(jīng)常會(huì)一起被發(fā)現(xiàn)?？茖W(xué)家們研究植物生命的歷史，并建立起一幅關(guān)于植物群如何應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化以及生態(tài)系統(tǒng)如何發(fā)展的圖畫)”可知，theseassociations指的是前文中“植物對(duì)氣候變化所做出的反應(yīng)”，所以which也指代的是同樣的內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后提出的問(wèn)題“Butaretheseassociations,whicharerealinthepresent,permanent?(但是，這些當(dāng)下真實(shí)存在的聯(lián)系是永久的嗎?)”可推知，第二段的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是對(duì)第一段提出的問(wèn)題的探究與回復(fù)。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Oneofthecommoncomplaintswehearfromthepeoplearoundusareproblemstheyarefacing.Everydayandeverywherethereareproblems.Manytimeswefindithardtostayhappy.Whenoneproblemissolved,anotheronecomesup.Howtosolvethem?Theansweristhatwemustequipourselvestodealwithdifferentkindsofworriesbylearningthethreebasicstepsofproblemanalysis.Thethreestepsare:Getthefacts.Whyisitsoimportanttogetthefacts?Unlessyouhavethefacts,youcan'tpossiblyattempttosolveyourproblemintelligently.Withoutthefacts,allyoucandoiswonderingaroundinconfusion.Itisnotaneasyjobtogetfacts.Whenyouareworried,youremotionsareridinghigh.___16___.Whentryingtogetthefacts,youcanpretendthatyouarecollectingthisinformationnotforyourselfbutforsomeotherperson.___17___.Youcanalsopretendthatyouarealawyerpreparingtoagree.Trytogetallthefactsbothonyoursideandtheothersideofthecase.Youwillgenerallyfindthetruthliessomewhereinbetween.___18___.Wheneveryouareworried,writedownthequestionsthatmakeyouworry.Andwriteoutallthevariousstepsyoucouldtakeandthentheprobableconsequencesofeachstep.Forexample,whatamIworryingabout?WhatcanIdoaboutit?HereiswhatI'mgoingtodoaboutit.Aftercarefullyweighingallthefacts,youcancalmlycometoadecision.Actonthatdecision.___19___.Howcanyoubreaktheworryhabitbeforeitbreaksyou?Crowdworryoutofyourmindbykeepingbusy.Plentyofactionisoneofthebestwaystocureworry.___20___.Ifyouknowasituationisbeyondyourpower,saytoyourself:“Itisso;itcan'tbeotherwise.”Don'tpermitlittlethingstoruinyourhappiness.Trytocultivateamentalattitudethatwillbringyoupeaceandhappiness.A.Analyzethefacts.B.Acceptwhatcan'tbeavoided.C.Decidehowmuchanxietyathingmaybeworth.D.Thiswillhelpyoutotakeacoldandfairviewoftheevidence.E.Therecomesatimewhenyoumustdecideandneverlookback.F.Butherearetwoideasthatcanhelpyouseethefactsinaclearandobjectiveway.G.Unlessyoutakeyouraction,allyourfact-findingandanalysisisasheerwasteofenergy.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述如何解決生活中許多問(wèn)題。先要收集信息，分析，再采取行動(dòng)，同時(shí)也要學(xué)會(huì)接受一些不可避免的事情?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下一段講的是了解事實(shí)的兩種方法，故選F項(xiàng)“這有兩個(gè)方法可以以清楚和客觀的方式幫你看清事實(shí)”引出下文，并且選項(xiàng)中的facts和本段的標(biāo)題句“Getthefacts.”相呼應(yīng)。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前一句提到“Whentryingtogetthefacts,youcanpretendthatyouarecollectingthisinformationnotforyourselfbutforsomeotherperson（當(dāng)你了解這個(gè)事時(shí)，你可以假裝為其他人收集信息而不是為自己）”可知，這樣可以幫你得到冷靜和公平的證據(jù)，故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)第四段提到“Wheneveryouareworried,writedownthequestionsthatmakeyouworry.Andwriteoutallthevariousstepsyoucouldtakeandthentheprobableconsequencesofeachstep.（當(dāng)你焦慮時(shí)，寫下讓你焦慮的問(wèn)題，并寫出所有你可能采取的各種步驟和每個(gè)步驟的可能結(jié)果）”可知，這是在分析事實(shí)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題所提到“Actonthatdecision”（就這個(gè)決定采取行動(dòng)）可知，G項(xiàng)“如果你不采取行動(dòng)，你所有的發(fā)現(xiàn)與分析都是浪費(fèi)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下方提到“Ifyouknowasituationisbeyondyourpower,saytoyourself:“Itisso;itcan’tbeotherwise.（如果你知道這種狀況超過(guò)你的能力，對(duì)自己說(shuō)，“只能這樣了”）”可知，這里要接受一些事情，B項(xiàng)“接受一些不能避免的事情”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Aminister(牧師)wasonalongflight.Thefirst___21___ofapproachingproblemcamewhenthesignontheairplaneflashedon:FastenYourSeatBelts.Astheministerlooked___22___theaircraft,itbecameobviousthatmanyofthepassengersbecame___23___.Later,avoiceovertheintercom(內(nèi)部通話系統(tǒng))said,“Wearesosorrythatweareunableto___24___themealatthistime.Thecurrentsareaheadofus.”Andthenthestormbroke.Lightninglitupthedarkeningskies,andwithinmomentsthegreatplanewastossed(使搖擺)around.Theministerrecalled,“AsIlookedaroundtheplane,Icouldseethatnearlyallthe___25___werescared.ThenIsuddenlysawalittlegirl.Obviously,thestorm___26___nothingtoher.Shewasreadingabookonherseatandeverythingwithinhersmallworldwas___27___.Sometimessheclosedhereyes,andthenshewouldreadagain.Sometimesshestraightenedherlegs,butworryand___28___werenotinherworld.”Theministercouldhardlybelievehiseyes.Itwasnotsurprising,___29___,thatwhentheplanefinallyreacheditsdestinationandallthepassengerswerehurryingto____30____theplane,theministercameuptothegirlwhomhehad____31____forsuchalongtime.Havingtalkedaboutthestorm,heaskedwhyshehadnotbeenafraid.Thechildreplied,“Thatwasbecausemy____32____wasthepilot,andhewouldtakemehome.”Therearemanykindsof____33____thatfrightenedus.Physical,mental,financial,domestic,andmanyotherstormscaneasilyandquickly____34____ourskyandthrowourplaneintoapparentlyuncontrollablemovement.Wehaveallknownsuchtimes,andletusbehonestandaccept,itismucheasiertobeateasewhenourfeetareonthegroundthan____35____wearebeingtossedaboutadarkenedsky.Letusremember:Ourfatheristhedriver.Heisincontrolandtakingushome.Don’tworry.21.A.suffering B.effort C.warning D.chance22.A.over B.around C.into D.at23.A.worried B.relaxed C.annoyed D.inspired24.A.buy B.cook C.complete D.serve25.A.passengers B.pilots C.officials D.crew26.A.presented B.brought C.meant D.created27.A.likely B.friendly C.deadly D.orderly28.A.fear B.knowledge C.stress D.expectation29.A.however B.therefore C.otherwise D.instead30.A.driveoff B.pullover C.landon D.getoff31.A.watched B.attended C.remarked D.complained32.A.uncle B.dad C.brother D.cousin33.A.accidents B.quarrels C.storms D.anger34.A.destroy B.cover C.darken D.break35.A.until B.when C.unless D.if【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.C27.D28.A29.B30.D31.A32.B33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位牧師所乘坐的飛機(jī)遇到風(fēng)暴，當(dāng)大家擔(dān)心恐懼的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)小女孩非常鎮(zhèn)靜，詢問(wèn)得知，這小女孩相信作為飛行員的爸爸一定會(huì)安全把她帶回家。通過(guò)故事得到要腳踏實(shí)地地去迎戰(zhàn)人生所遇到的風(fēng)暴和挫折的感悟。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)飛機(jī)上的標(biāo)志亮起：系好安全帶，這是問(wèn)題即將出現(xiàn)的第一個(gè)警告。A.suffering痛苦；B.effort努力；C.warning警告；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)后文“whenthesignontheairplaneflashedon:FastenYourSeatBelts”可知，此處指警告。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這位牧師環(huán)顧飛機(jī)四周時(shí)，很明顯，許多乘客開始擔(dān)心。A.lookover查看；B.lookaround在環(huán)顧四周；C.lookinto調(diào)查；D.lookat看。根據(jù)后文“itbecameobviousthatmanyofthepassengersbecame___3___.”可知，牧師環(huán)顧四周。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這位牧師環(huán)顧飛機(jī)四周時(shí)，很明顯，許多乘客開始擔(dān)心。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.relaxed放松的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.inspired受到啟發(fā)的。根據(jù)前文“Thefirst___1___ofapproachingproblemcamewhenthesignontheairplaneflashedon:FastenYourSeatBelts.”可知，許多乘客開始擔(dān)心。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很抱歉，我們現(xiàn)在不能供應(yīng)這頓飯餐。A.buy買；B.cook烹飪；C.complete完成；D.serve提供，端上，服務(wù)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和后文“themeal”可知，飛機(jī)要應(yīng)對(duì)特殊情況，此時(shí)不能提供飯餐。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我環(huán)顧飛機(jī)四周時(shí)，我可以看到幾乎所有的乘客都很害怕。A.passengers乘客；B.pilots飛行員；C.officials官員；D.crew船員。根據(jù)前文“itbecameobviousthatmanyofthepassengersbecame___3___.”可知，此處指乘客。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，風(fēng)暴對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)毫無(wú)意義。A.presented頒發(fā)，授予；B.brought帶來(lái)；C.meant意思是、意味；D.created創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和后文“Shewasreadingabookonherseat”以及“butworryand___8___werenotinherworld”可知，風(fēng)暴對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)并不意味著什么。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她坐在座位上看書，她的小世界里一切都井然有序。A.likely可能的；B.friendly友好的；C.deadly致命的；D.orderly有秩序的。根據(jù)前文“Shewasreadingabookonherseat”和后文“butworryand___8___werenotinherworld”可知，她的世界里秩序井然。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)她伸直雙腿，但她的世界里沒有擔(dān)心和恐懼。A.fear恐懼；B.knowledge知識(shí)；C.stress重點(diǎn)；D.expectation預(yù)料。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和前文“nearlyallthe___5___werescared”可知，在其他乘客擔(dān)心恐懼的時(shí)候，她并沒有恐懼。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，當(dāng)飛機(jī)終于到達(dá)目的地，所有的乘客都急著下飛機(jī)時(shí)，牧師走到他觀察了這么久的女孩面前，也就不足為奇了。A.however然而；B.therefore因此；C.otherwise否則；D.instead反而，代替。后文“theministercameuptothegirlwhomhehad___11___forsuchalongtime”等內(nèi)容和前文存在因果關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：因此，當(dāng)飛機(jī)終于到達(dá)目地，所有的乘客都急著下飛機(jī)時(shí)，牧師走到他觀察了這么久的女孩面前，也就不足為奇了。A.driveoff趕走；B.pullover靠邊停車；C.landon登陸；D.getoff下車，離開。根據(jù)前文“theplanefinallyreacheditsdestination”可知，乘客急忙下飛機(jī)。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，當(dāng)飛機(jī)終于到達(dá)目的地，所有的乘客都急著下飛機(jī)時(shí)，牧師走到他觀察了這么久的女孩面前，也就不足為奇了。A.watched觀察；B.attended出席；C.remarked評(píng)論；D.complained抱怨。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和前文“ThenIsuddenlysawalittlegirl.”等內(nèi)容可知，牧師一直在觀察這個(gè)小女孩。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是因?yàn)槲野职质秋w行員，他會(huì)帶我回家。A.uncle叔叔；B.dad爸爸；C.brother兄弟；D.cousin同輩表親或堂親。根據(jù)后文“Ourfatheristhedriver.”可知，小女孩之所以不害怕，是她相信她的爸爸。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有很多種事故讓我們害怕。A.accidents事故；B.quarrels爭(zhēng)吵；C.storms暴風(fēng)雨；D.anger憤怒?；谇拔牡姆治黾昂笪摹癙hysical,mental,financial,domestic,andmanyotherstorms”可知，遇到事故會(huì)讓我們害怕。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：身體的、精神的、財(cái)務(wù)的、家庭的和許多其他的風(fēng)暴可以很容易很快地使我們的天空變得黑暗，使我們的飛機(jī)進(jìn)入明顯不可控的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)。A.destroy摧毀；B.cover覆蓋；C.darken變暗；D.break打斷。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和前文“storms”可知，風(fēng)暴可以使天空變得黑暗。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都知道這樣的時(shí)刻，讓我們誠(chéng)實(shí)地接受，腳踏實(shí)地比在黑暗的天空中被拋來(lái)拋去更容易。A.until直到；B.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；C.unless除非；D.if如果。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和前文“whenourfeetareontheground”可知，此處指我們?cè)诤诎档奶炜罩斜粧亖?lái)拋去的時(shí)候。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Differentpeoplefeelstressedindifferentways.Somewaysofdealingwithstressdon’tsolvemuch.____36____otherwayscanleadyouto___37___(solve)yourproblemoratleastfeelingbetter.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeople____38____careaboutyou.Talktoyourparentsorother____39____(relative).Anddon’tforgetaboutyourfriends.Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems.Don’ttakeitoutonyourself.Sometimeswhenkidsarestressedandupsettheytakeitouton____40____(they).Oh,dear,that’snotagoodidea.Rememberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryou’recalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,it’stime____41____(get)downtobusiness.Youneedtofigure____42____whattheproblemis.Evenifyoucan’tsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.Bepositive.Rememberstress___43___(do)goaway,____44____(especial)whenyoustartworkingonsolvingit.Thesestepsaren’tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeel____45____(good)evenfaster.【答案】36.But37.solving38.who/that39.relatives4