黑龍江省哈爾濱某中學(xué)2022-2023高二年級(jí)上冊學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題

哈師大附中2021級(jí)高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試

英語試卷

（滿分150分時(shí)間120分鐘）

第I卷

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1分，滿分5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱

讀下一小題，每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemanwant?

A.Somebooks.B.Someenvelopes.C.Somepencils.

2.Whatistheman,shobby?

A.Playingcomputergames.B.Climbingmountains.C.Collectingcoins.

3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inamuseum.B.Onabus.C.Atabookstore.

4.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Theroomdoesn,tneedpainting.

B.Thewomanisnotworkinghard.

C.Thepaintingworkshouldbefinishedthisweekend.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A.Ascientist.氏Abook.C.Awriter.

第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小

題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?

A.MakingashoppinglistB.Doingsomeshopping.C.Cookingdinner.

7.Whathavethespeakersgotathome?

A.Fish.B.Bread.C.Vegetables.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisholiday?

A.Excited.B.Satisfied.C.Disappointed.

9.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whodidthemanmostlyinvitetotheparty?

A.Hisfamily.B.Hisco-workers.C.Hisschoolmates.

11.Atwhattimeisthepartygoingtobegin?

A.Around8:00p.m.B.Around7:00p.m.C.Around6:00p.m.

12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomantake?

A.Beer.B.Juice.C.Music.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Showhimaroundtheschool.B.Treathimtolunch.C.Lookafterastudent.

14.WhenwillRosieToddcometovisittheschool?

A.NextMonday.B.NextTuesday.C.NextWednesday.

15.WherecanthewomanfindRosieToddatten?

A.Inthehall.B.Inthelab.C.Intheoffice.

16.WhatwillthewomanandRosieTodddotogetherfirst?

A.HaveaSpanishclass.B.PracticeEnglish.C.Havelunch.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

A.Acollege.B.Acourse.C.Ateacher.

18.WhatdoWeknowaboutHelenParkers?

A.Shepreparestheprizefortheclass.

B.She,swonmanyprizesforarts.

C.Sheisanexperiencedteacher.

19.Whatshouldstudentstaketothecourses?

A.Brushes.B.Paints.C.Anotebook.

20.Howoftenwillthelessonstakeplaceaweek?

A.Threetimes.B.Sixtimes.C.Eighttimes.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題2分，滿分40分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

AmericanExpressGold:Best??non-traveΓ,travelcard

Whyit,sgreatinonesentence:TheAmericanExpressGoldcardearnstonsofvaluableAmextravelpointson

practicallyallthefood-relatedpurchasesyou,remakingevenwhenyouarenottraveling,andthecreditsavailable

onthecardnearlyoffset（抵消）itsannualfee.

Thiscardisrightfor:Peoplewhocanuseallofthecard,svariouscreditsandwhospendsignificantmoneyat

restaurants,onfooddeliveryservicesoratU.S.supermarketswhiletheyarenotontheroad.

Highlights:

First,withtheAmexGold,you,llearn4pointsforeverydollaryouspendonrestaurantsworldwide,andonup

to$25,000inannualpurchasesatU.S.supermarkets（1pointperdollarafterwards）.Mostfooddeliveryservices

countas"restaurants“onthiscard,sothatmeansthevastmajorityofyourfoodpurchaseswillearn4points,

regardlessofhowyou,reeating.

You,llalsoearn3pointsperdollarwhenyoubookairfaredirectlywithanairline,soifyou,relookingtojump

onanysalesforflightslaterintheyear,youcanpayforthemwiththeAmexGoldandearnextrapointsonthoseas

well.

ThepointsearnedonthiscardareAmericanExpressMembershipRewardspoints,whichareextremely

useful.Youcanredeem（兌取現(xiàn)金）themdirectlyforflightsviaAmexTravelat1centeach,butifyouputinsome

extraeffortandresearch,youcanpotentiallygetmuchmorevaluefromthembytransferringthemtoanyof

Amex,s21airlineandhotelpartners,whichincludeDeltaAirLines,JetBlue,Marriottandmanymore.

I.WhatcanweknowabouttheAmericanExpressGoldcard?

A.Itrequiresnoannualfee.B.Ithasalinkwithfoodpurchases.

C.Itistargetedatdeliveryservices.D.It.isrightforrestaurantmanagers.

2.Ifyouspend$25,800annuallyatU.S.supermarkets,howmanypointswillyouearn?

A.100,000.B.100,800.C.103,200.D.400,000.

3.Whatcanyoudowiththesepointsonthiscard?

A.Changethemintomoneytobuyfood.

B.Transferguestsfromairlinestohotels.

C.Purchaseservicesinsuggestedairlines.

D.Makesomeextraeffortanddoresearch.

【答案】1.B2.B3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是美國運(yùn)通金卡的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢。

【I題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thiscardisrightfor:Peoplewhocanuseallofthecard,svariouscreditsandwho

spendsignificantmoneyatrestaurants,onfooddeliveryservicesoratU.S.supermarketswhiletheyarenotonthe

road.（這張卡適用于：當(dāng)你不在路上時(shí)，可以使用卡上所有的各種積分，或者在餐館、外賣服務(wù)或美國超市

花費(fèi)大量金錢的人。）”可知，美國運(yùn)通卡金卡與食品購買有關(guān)。故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Highlights:部分的“First,withtheAmexGold,you,llearn4pointsforeverydollaryouspend

onrestaurantsworldwide,andonupto$25,000inannualpurchasesatU.S.supermarkets（1pointperdollar

afterwards）.（首先，有了美國運(yùn)通金牌，你在世界各地的餐廳每消費(fèi)1美元就能獲得4分，在美國超市每年

消費(fèi)最高25,000美元（之后每消費(fèi)1美元可獲得1分）。）”可獲得的積分是25,000*4+800*1=100,800分，

故選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"YoucanredeemthemdirectlyforflightsviaAmexTravelatIcenteach,butif

youputinsomeextraeffortandresearch,youcanpotentiallygetmuchmorevaluefromthembytransfeιτingthem

toanyofAmex,s21airlineandhotelpartners,whichincludeDeltaAirLines,JetBlue,Marriottandmanymore.（您

可以通過美國運(yùn)通旅行直接兌換機(jī)票，每張1美分，但如果你付出額外的努力和研究，你可以通過將它們

轉(zhuǎn)移到美國運(yùn)通的21家航空公司和酒店合作伙伴，包括達(dá)美航空、捷藍(lán)航空、萬豪等那里，從而獲得更

多的價(jià)值。）”可知，你能用這張卡片上的積分在建議的航空公司購買服務(wù)。故選C。

B

MedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwheretheschoolbus

droppedherofftoherhomeinHemdon,Va.一especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.

Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhatookthechallenge

seriously.Soshewenttowork.

TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentravellingalone.

UsingtheiPhone,apersoncanprogramittosendawarningtosomeoneheorshetrustsifheorshefailstoarrive

atadestinationwithinacertaintime.

ItwasthefirstiOSappthatMedhahadcreated.Whileshedidn,tthinkmuchwouldcomefromtheproject,her

effortcaughttheeyeofjudgesfortheannualCongressionalAppChallenge,whoselectedherasthewinnerfor

Virginia,sIOthDistrict.

TheAppChallengeisdesignedtoencouragestudentstoconsidercareersinscience,technology,engineering,

andmathbyexperimentingwithcodingandcomputerscience.Winningstudentsareinvitedtoattendareception

onCapitolHillinAprilandalsoreceived$250inAmazonWebServicecredits.

Medhasaidittookherabout40hourstodesign,programandtesttheapp.Asforhernextapp?Medha,snot

certain.Shetemporarilyhasherapp-developmentambitionsOnholdbecauseshe,sbusyteachingherselfartificial

intelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.Yes,sheknowsthatthereareteamsofengineers

probablydoingthesamething.Butshefiguresitcan,thurtherownpart,too.

“Ifweseesomethingwrongwiththeworld,weshoulddosomethingaboutit,,,shesaid.??Afterall,theonly

onestoppingusfromdoingsomethingisourselves.,,

4.WhydidMedhaGuptafeelworried?

A.Ittookalongtimetowalkhome.

B.Itwascolderthaneverinwinter.

C.Itwasunsafetowalkhomealone.

D.Itwasdifficulttowriteanapp.

5.WhatisMedha,sattitudetohermother,ssuggestion?

A.Curious.B.Sensitive.C.Uncertain.D.Optimistic.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onhold,,inParagraph6mean?

A.Delayed.B.Developed.C.Suspected.D.Satisfied.

7.What,sthemainideaofthetext?

A.MedharegisteredfortheAppChallenge.

B.MedhadesignedSafeTravelsuccessfully.

C.TheAppChallengedirectsstudentstochoosecareers.

D.Anappguideswalkershome.

【答案】4C5.D6.A7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明了MedhaGUPta設(shè)計(jì)了一款名為“安全旅行”的應(yīng)用，它可以幫助

行人在獨(dú)自旅行時(shí)感到更安全。這款應(yīng)用參加了應(yīng)用程序挑戰(zhàn)賽并成為獲勝者。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"MedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecorner

wheretheschoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Va.—especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.

（MedhaGUPIa有時(shí)會(huì)擔(dān)心從校車停在的街角走20分鐘到她在赫恩登的家——尤其是在寒冷的冬天。）”以

及第三段中“TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhen

travellingalone.（結(jié)果就是Medha設(shè)計(jì)的一款名為“安全旅行”的應(yīng)用，它可以幫助行人在獨(dú)自旅行時(shí)感到

更安全。）”可知，MedhaGUPta會(huì)感到擔(dān)心是因?yàn)楠?dú)自走回家不安全。故選C。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,but

Medhadidn,ttakethechallengelightly.SoshesetouttoWork.（她的母親DivyaGupta提出了一個(gè)建議：編寫一

個(gè)應(yīng)用程序。但梅達(dá)認(rèn)真對待這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，但Medha并沒有輕易接受這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。于是她開始工作。）”可推

知，Medha對母親的建議持樂觀態(tài)度。故選D。

【6題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“becauseshe,sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwith

improperwordsonFaCeboOk.（因?yàn)樗χ詫W(xué)人工智能來幫助處理Facebook上的不當(dāng)詞匯。）”可知，

Medha因?yàn)檎χ詫W(xué)人工智能，幫助自己處理FaCeboOk上的不當(dāng)言論，所以讓開發(fā)應(yīng)用程序的雄心推遲

To劃線詞Onhold意思是“推遲”。A.Delayed.推遲；B.Developed.發(fā)展；C.Suspecled.懷疑；D.

SatiSfied.滿足。故選A。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmore

SeCUreWhentraVe∏ingalone.（結(jié)果就是Medha設(shè)計(jì)的一款名為“安全旅行”的應(yīng)用，它可以幫助行人在獨(dú)自

旅行時(shí)感到更安全）”結(jié)合文章主要說明了MedhaGUPta設(shè)計(jì)了一款名為“安全旅行”的應(yīng)用，它可以幫

助行人在獨(dú)自旅行時(shí)感到更安全。這款應(yīng)用參加了應(yīng)用程序挑戰(zhàn)賽并成為獲勝者?？芍?，文章主旨是

Medha成功設(shè)計(jì)了“安全旅行”。故選B。

C

Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumbersthey

don,tknow.Bynextyear,halfofthecallsWereceivewillbeSCamS（欺詐）.Wearefinallywakinguptothe

severityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtoprevent

scammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it,stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions”（解決方案）

becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture,it,snotjustgoing

tobethenumberyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou,re

hearingisactuallyreal.

Thafsbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation（處理）andautomationtechnologiesthatare

abouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear,sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoice

technologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistand

bookareservationwithoutdetection.

Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthat

robocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches（數(shù)據(jù)侵入）of

personalinfbπτιationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilyIeamyourmother,sname,andfarmore.

Armedwiththisknowledge,they,reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans,

forexample,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoice

thatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller,s,trickingyouinto“confirming“youraddress,mother,sname,and

cardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney,socompanieswillbetheworsthit.AlotOfbusinessisstilldoneoverthe

phone,andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweaken

thatgradually.

Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtowork

togethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniform

waytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby,orabandoningphonecallsaltogether

andmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunications—usingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp,whichcanbetiedto

youridentity.

Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.

8.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstoproblemofrobocalls?

A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.

9.Takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies,scammercan.

A.aimatvictimspreciselyB.damagedatabaseseasily

C.startcampaignsrapidlyD.spreadinformationwidely

10.Whatdoesthepassageimply?

A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.

B.Technologiescanbedouble-edged.

C.Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.

D.Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.

11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRooted

B.WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocalls

C.WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerous

D.HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology

【答案】8.D9.A10.BII.C

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章指出語音操作與自動(dòng)化技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)使得機(jī)器人電話可以以假亂真，欺詐現(xiàn)象

更加嚴(yán)重，解決這個(gè)問題需要電話運(yùn)營商和消費(fèi)者共同努力。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddeveloping

agroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoo

little,toolate.Bythetimethese"solutions'、解決方案）becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedonto

CleVerermeans?可知，我們認(rèn)識(shí)到了問題的嚴(yán)重性，支持和開發(fā)了旨在防止欺詐者通過的工具、應(yīng)用程序和

方法,。不幸的是，我們的努力太少了，也太晚了。在這些“解決方案”被廣泛使用的時(shí)候，騙子將轉(zhuǎn)移到

更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者認(rèn)為這些“解決辦法”對于解決問題起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很

“失望”。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.

Adecadeofdatabreaches（數(shù)據(jù)侵入）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearn

yourmother'sname,andfarmore.Armedwiththisknowledge,they,reabletocarryoutindividuallytargeted

campaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliar

numberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller's,trickingyouinto“confirming”your

address,mother'sname,andcardnumber.可知，機(jī)器人通話之所以令人頭痛，與其說與數(shù)量有關(guān)，不如說與

精確度有關(guān)。長達(dá)十年的個(gè)人信息泄露已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了這樣一種情況：騙子可以輕易地知道你母親的名字，甚至

更多。有了這些知識(shí)，他們就能夠開展有針對性的活動(dòng)來欺騙人們。根據(jù)這些可知，利用這種新的技術(shù)，欺

詐者們可以精確的確定他們行騙的目標(biāo)。故A選項(xiàng)正確。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Atthisyear'sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyable

toproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservation

withoutdetection.可知，這項(xiàng)語音技術(shù)可以產(chǎn)生一個(gè)聽起來和人類非常相似的聲音，它可以和接待員進(jìn)行交

談，進(jìn)行預(yù)訂。由此可知，這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)有其好的方面。根據(jù)第三段的敘述可知，欺詐者們可以利用這項(xiàng)新技

術(shù)來進(jìn)行欺詐行為。由此推知，這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)既可以發(fā)揮好的作用，也可能為壞人所利用，產(chǎn)生不好的影響，

因此可以說它是一把雙刃劍。故B選項(xiàng)正確。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。第一段提到：robocalls（機(jī)器人電話：自動(dòng)撥號(hào)播放錄音信息的推銷電話）在未來變得會(huì)越來

越嚴(yán)重，不僅僅是出現(xiàn)在你的手機(jī)屏幕上的電話號(hào)碼令人懷疑，而且你會(huì)質(zhì)疑聽到的聲音是否是真的。第二

段介紹原因：語音操作與自動(dòng)化技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)使得機(jī)器人電話可以以假亂真。第三段介紹了語音操作和自動(dòng)

化技術(shù)發(fā)展會(huì)使得機(jī)器人電話產(chǎn)生的問題更加嚴(yán)重。最后兩段提出我們該如何應(yīng)對這些問題。綜上，文章第

一段點(diǎn)明文章中心：機(jī)器人電話問題在未來會(huì)變得越來越嚴(yán)重。下文都是圍繞這一話題展開的。故C選項(xiàng)

適合作標(biāo)題。

D

Whenwe,rebusydoingthingswelove,wedon,tthinkabouthowoldweareorthestateofourknees.But

thensomethingpulisusupshort,likeapoliteyoungmanofferinghisseat,oraccompanyingyoutocrosstheroad,

andsuddenlywe,rewalkingmoreslowly,feelingjustalittleworseaboutlifeingeneral.

Thewaytheseinternalized（內(nèi)在化的）attitudesaboutagingaffectusphysicallyisafocuswithinagrowing

fieldinsocialpsychologyknownasmind-bodystudies.Inthenextfewmonths,theWorldHealthOrganizationis

expectedtopublishtheresultsofaglobalinvestigationofageism—discriminationtowardtheaged——thatwill

addresshowtofighttheprejudice.Thereportwillalsooutlinethevariouswaysthatageistattitudescanaffectthe

healthandwell-beingofolderpeople.

PsychologistBeccaLevyisacontributortothecomingWHOreport.Shehasspenthercareerlinkingnegative

agingattitudestosuchmeasuresaswalkingspeedinolderpeople,agreaterlikelihoodofdevelopingthebrain

changesofAlzheimer,sdiseaseandevenareductioninlifespan.Butit,snotallterrible.Levy,attheYaleSchool

ofPublicHealth,hasalsoshownthatsomethingassimpleaspotentialexposuretoage-positivewordscanleadto

physicalimprovementsinolderpeopleofthesort.Thosetypicallycomeaboutonlyafteraprogramofregular

exercise.IfLevyandotherscientistsarecorrect,puttingamorepositiveeffectonourgeneralviewofagingmight

makeaprofounddifferenceinthehealthofpeopleover65,thefastest-growingagegroupinAmericatoday.Some

ofthemostsurprisingmind-bodyfindingsimply:Amorepositiveattitudetowardagingleadstoimprovementsin

olderpeople,smemory,balance,speedandqualityoflife.

12.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewillrealizethey,reatanadvancedagewhen.

A.theyareoccupiedwithworkB.theirkneesareeasilyhurt

C.someonehelpsthemgoacrossthestreetD.theyofferseatstoothers

13.WhatcanweknowfromtheWHOreport?

A.Thereislittleprejudicetotheelderly.B.Ageismmaydophysicalandmentaldamagetothe

elderly.

C.Peoplearesupposedtofightagainstdiscrimination.D.Ageismisamainresearchfieldinsocialpsychology.

14.WhatdoesLevysuggestpeopledo?

A.Helptheoldtobemoreexposedtoage-positivewords.B.Communicatewiththeoldusingmorecomplex

words.

C.Helptheoldtotakeexerciseregularly.D.Talktotheoldmorefrequently.

15.Whatmessageismainlyconveyedinthepassage?

A.Agingisanurgentproblemtobesolvedaroundtheworld.

B.Theinternalizedattitudesaredeterminedbytheagingprocess.

C.Theseniorcitizensshouldliveindependentlytoslowaging.

D.Positiveattitudestowardagingmaypayoffinolderpeople,shealth.

【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了對衰老持更積極的態(tài)度會(huì)改善老年人的記憶力、平衡性、速

度和生活質(zhì)量。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Whenwe,rebusydoingthingsWelove,wedon'tthinkabouthowoldweareor

thestateofourknees.Butthensomethingpullsusupshort,likeapoliteyoungmanofferinghisseat,or

accompanyingyoutocrosstheroad,andsuddenlywe,rewalkingmoreslowly,feelingjustalittleworseaboutlife

ingeneral.（當(dāng)我們忙著做自己喜歡的事情的時(shí)候，我們不會(huì)考慮自己的年齡和膝蓋的狀況。但突然有什么

事讓我們停下腳步，比如一個(gè)彬彬有禮的年輕人給我們讓座，或者陪你過馬路，突然我們走得更慢了，對

生活的總體感覺有點(diǎn)糟糕。）”可知，我們只有別人在給我們讓路、或者扶我過馬路時(shí)才會(huì)覺得自己老了。

故選C。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Thereportwillalsooutlinethevariouswaysthatageistattitudescanaffectthe

healthandwell-beingofolderPeOPIe.（報(bào)告還將概述年齡歧視態(tài)度可能影響老年人健康和福祉的各種方

式。）”可知，年齡歧視會(huì)影響老年人身心健康。故選B。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Levy,attheYaleSchoolofPublicHealth,hasalsoshownthatsomethingassimpleas

potentialexposuretoage-positivewordscanleadtophysicalimprovementsinolderpeopleoftheSOrt.（耶魯大學(xué)

公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的列維還表明，一些簡單的事情，比如潛在地接觸積極的年齡詞匯，可以導(dǎo)致這類老年人的

身體改善。）”可知，積極的年齡詞匯對老年人有好處，所以人們可以幫助老年人多接觸積極的年齡詞匯。

故選Ao

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段uAmorepositiveattitudetowardagingleadstoimprovementsinolderpeople,s

memory,balance,speedandqualityOflife.（對衰老持更積極的態(tài)度會(huì)改善老年人的記憶力、平衡性、速度和

生活質(zhì)量。）”及全文可知，如果對衰老抱有積極的態(tài)度，那么就會(huì)對老年人健康有好處。故選D。

E

EddieMcKay,aonce-forgottenpilot,isasubjectofgreatinteresttoagroupofhistorystudentsinCanada.

ItallstartedwhenGrahamBroad,aprofessorattheUniversityofWesternOntario,foundMcKay,snameina

footnoteinabookaboutuniversityhistory.McKaywasincludedinalistofuniversityalumni（校友）whohad

servedduringtheFirstWorldWar,buthisnamewasunfamiliartoBroad,aspecialistinmilitaryhistory.Outof

curiosity,Broadspenthoursatthelocalarchives（檔案館）inafruitlesssearchforinformationonMcKay.Tiredand

discouraged,hefinallygaveup.Onhiswayout,Broad,sglancehappenedtofellonanexhibitingcaseshowing

someoldnewspapers.Hiseyewasdrawntoanoldpictureofayoungmaninarugbyuniform.Ashereadthe

wordsbesidethepicture,heexperiencedathrillingrealization.??Afterlookingforhimallday,therehewas,staring

upatmeoutoftheexhibitingCaSejsaidBroad.Excitedbythefind,Broadaskedhisstudentstocontinuehis

search.Theycombedoldnewspapersandothermaterialsforclues.Gradually,apicturecameintoview.

CaptainAlfredEdwinMcKayjoinedtheBritishRoyalFlyingCorpsin1916.Hedownedtenenemyplanes,

outlivedhisentiresquadron（中隊(duì)）asaWWIflyer,spentsometimeasaflyinginstructorinEngland,thenreturned

tothefront,wherehewaseventuallyshotdownoverBelgiumandkilledinDecember1917.Butthere,smoretohis

story.??Forabrieftimein1916hewasprobablythemostfamouspilotintheworld,,,saysBroad.44Hewascredited

withdowningOswaldBoelcke,themostfamousGermanpilotattheYet,inaletterhome,McKayrefusedto

takecredit,sayingthatBoelckehadactuallycrashedintoanotherGermanplane.

McKay,swarrecordsweredestroyedduringaWorldWarIIairbombingonLondon——anexplanationforwhy

hewasallbutforgotten.

Butnow,thankstotheeffortsofBroadandhisstudents,amarkerinMcKay,smemorywasplacedonthe

universitygroundsinNovember2007.'TfoundmyeyesfillingwithtearsasIreadtheword'deceased'（陣亡）next

tohisname,“saidCoreyEverrett,astudentwhofoundapictureofMckayinhisuniform.fc4Thiswassuchasimple

exampleofthefactthathehadbeenaStudentjustlikeus,butinsteadoffinishinghistimeatWestern,hechoseto

fightanddieforhiscountry.,,

16.WhatmadeProfessorBroadcontinuehissearchformoreinformationonMcKay?

A.AuniformofMcKay.B.AfootnoteaboutMcKay.

C.AbookonMcKay.D.ApictureofMcKay.

17.WhatdidthestudentsfindoutaboutMcKay?

A.Hetrainedpilotsforsometime.

B.Helivedlongerthanotherpilots.

C.HediedintheSecondWorldWar.

D.HewasdownedbythepilotBoelcke.

18.McKay,sflyingdocumentsweredestroyedin.

A.BelgiumB.GermanyC.CanadaD.England

19.WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatMcKay.

A.prefeπ*edfighttohisstudy

B.wenttowarbeforegraduation

C.leftapictureforCoreyEverrett

D.setanexampleforhisfellowstudents

20.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theresearchintowarhistory.

B.Thefindingofaforgottenhero.

C.Thepilotsofthetwoworldwars.

D.Theimportanceofmilitarystudies.

【答案】16.D17.A18.D19.B20.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹一位被遺忘的飛行員MCKay。

【16題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hiseyewasdrawntoanoldpictureofayoungmaninarugbyuniform.Asheread

thewordsbesidethepicture,heexperiencedathrillingrealization."Afterlookingforhimallday,therehewas,

staringupalmeoutoftheexhibitingcase,“saidBroad.Excitedbythefind,Broadaskedhisstudentstocontinue

hissearch.（他的目光被一張穿著橄欖球制服的年輕人的舊照片所吸引。當(dāng)他讀到圖片旁邊的文字時(shí)，他經(jīng)

歷了一場激動(dòng)人心的領(lǐng)悟。Broad說：“在找了他一整天之后，他就在那里，從展柜里盯著我"。BrOad對

這一發(fā)現(xiàn)感到興奮，他要求他的學(xué)生繼續(xù)他的搜索。）”可知，在看到MCKay照片后，Broad繼續(xù)了搜查

MCKay的信息，故選D。

【17題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Hedownedtenenemyplanes,outlivedhisentiresquadron（中隊(duì)）asaWWIflyer,

spentsometimeasaflyinginstructorinEngland,thenreturnedtothefront,wherehewaseventuallyshotdown

overBelgiumandkilledinDecember1917.（他擊落了十架敵機(jī)，作為第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的飛行者，他的整個(gè)中

隊(duì)都活了下來。在英國擔(dān)任了一段時(shí)間的飛行教官，然后返回前線，最終在比利時(shí)上空被擊落，并于1917

年12月被殺。）”可知，學(xué)生們查明MCKay在英國擔(dān)任過飛行教官，故MCKay曾指導(dǎo)過飛行員，故選

Ao

【18題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“McKay'swarrecordsweredestroyedduringaWorldWarIIairbombingon

London—anexplanationforwhyhewasallbutforgotten.（McKay的戰(zhàn)爭記錄在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)對倫敦的一次

空襲中被毀，這就解釋了為什么他幾乎被遺忘了。）”可知，MCKay的飛行記錄在英國倫敦被毀，故選

Do

【19題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“"ThiswassuchasimpleexampleofthefactthathehadbeenaStudentjustlikeus,

butinsteadoffinishinghistimeatWestern,hechosetofightanddieforhisCoUntry.’'（“這是一個(gè)如此簡單的例

子，說明他和我們一樣是一名學(xué)生，但他沒有結(jié)束在西部大學(xué)的時(shí)間，而是選擇為他的國家而戰(zhàn)并死

去“。可知，MCKay畢業(yè)前就參戰(zhàn)了，故選BC

【20題詳解】

文章大意題。根據(jù)第一段“EddieMcKay,aonce-forgottenpilot,isasubjectofgreatinteresttoagroupof

historystudentsinCanada.（EddieMcKay是一位曾經(jīng)被遺忘的飛行員，他是加拿大一群歷史系學(xué)生非常感興

趣的主題。）”可知，文章主要講述一名被遺忘的英雄，故選B。

第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題2分，滿分20分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

A

Dining