【英語】安徽省示范高中培優(yōu)聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期冬季聯(lián)賽試題（解析版）

成就未來，新教育伴你成長聯(lián)系電話：400-186-9786安徽省示范高中培優(yōu)聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期冬季聯(lián)賽英語試卷第Ⅰ卷（選擇題共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhathasEricbeengivenforhisbirthday?A.Abook.B.Adairy.C.Analbum.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Atashoppingmall.B.Atabusstop.C.Inabank.3.WhenwillTomgethisbookbag?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.4.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howthewomangotthesun.B.Whenthewomanwentsailing.C.Wherethewomanhadaholiday.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答小題。6.Whocouldthemanprobablybe?A.Ateacher.B.Areceptionist.C.Ashopassistant.7.Whendoesthewomansuggestvisitingthecenter?A.OnTuesdays.B.OnWednesdays.C.OnThursdays.聽下面一段對話，回答小題。8.Whatisthespeakers’destination?A.Themarkets.B.Thewatergardens.C.Theancientdistrict.9.Whoisthewomangoingtogetapresentfor?A.Herdad.B.Hermum.C.Hersister.聽下面一段對話，回答小題。10.Whatdidthewomanjustdo?A.Sherushedforthetrain.B.Shegotoffthetrain.C.Shecamebackfromtown.11.Whatcausedthewomantrouble?A.Hercoat.B.Herhigh-heeledshoes.C.Hersportsshoes.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewoman?A.Disorganized.B.Reliable.C.Sporty.聽下面一段對話，回答小題。13.WhatisWendy’sopinionaboutthemenu?A.It’scomplicated.B.It’sattractive.C.It’straditional.14.Whowilldothedeliveriesfirst?A.Wendy.B.Mark.C.Ben.15.Whatdidthemando?A.Heorderedmorepackaging.B.Hearrangedtheschedule.C.Hehiredmorepeople.16.WhatwillWendydonext?A.Plansomepromotions.B.Contactrepeatcustomers.C.Makechangestothewebsite.聽下面一段獨白，回答小題。17.Whendidthespeakerdecidetobeamechanic?A.Whenhewasachild.B.Afterhefinishedschool.C.Whenhegotqualifications.18.Whydidthespeakerleavehistown?A.Tolearnnewskills.B.Tobecomeanadventurer.C.Toexperiencenewthings.19.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofthejobontheshipatfirst?A.Enjoyable.B.Satisfying.C.Tough.20.Whatdidthespeakerdoafterhisexperienceontheship?A.Hewentontravelling.B.Hesetuphisownbusiness.C.Heorganizedsometraining.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AHometostudentsfromallovertheworld,IHLondonoffersatrulyinternationallearningenvironmentwithEnglishcoursesavailableforbeginner,intermediateandadvancedlearners.IfyouwanttoadvanceyourEnglish,thereisawiderangeofcoursesthatyoucanchoosefrom.One-to-OneEnglishEnglishlevel:MinimumA1Coursecontent:Thiscourseisperfectforcompletebeginnersandadvancedlearnersalikebecauseeverythingistailoredforyourneeds.Youwilldefineyourlearningoutcomeswithyourteachersandtheywillcreatelessonsbasedonyourlearninggoals.GeneralEnglishforover30’sEnglishlevel:A1andaboveCoursecontent:Thiscourseisdesignedforinternationaladultsaged30andoverwhowanttolearnorimprovetheirEnglishwhileexploringLondonandmakingnewfriendsfromallovertheworld.Lessonsarebasedonarangeofrelevantandmotivatingmaterials.LondonisusedasaresourcewithlearnersputtingtheirlanguageintopracticeregularlywhileexploringLondon.GeneralEnglish20LessonsEnglishlevel:A2andaboveCoursecontent:ThisisanintensivecourseforalllevelstoimproveyourEnglishwithextrafocusonspeaking.Studentswillworktogethertoexploreandreviewgrammarincontextthroughroleplays,discussionsandpresentations.Topics,languageareasandmaterialswillreflecttheinterestsandneedsoftheclass.EnglishforFutureLearnersEnglishlevel:B2andaboveCoursecontent:Thiscourseencouragesstudentstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskillssuchasdebating,criticalthinkingandteamwork.Studentsworkingroupswithamixofnationalitiesandwillbesplitintoprojectmanagementgroupstoworkthroughseminarsandbusinesschallenges.Ifyouwouldliketoknowmoreinformation,pleasecontactusatsales@.1.WhatisspecialaboutOne-to-OneEnglish?A.Learnerscandecidewhattolearnbasedontheirlearninggoals.B.Learnersareencouragedtoputtheirlanguageskillsintopractice.C.Learnerswillworktogethertoreviewsomegrammaticalrulesinclass.D.Learnerswillworkingroupstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskills.2.Whichcourseinvolvestheexplorationforcriticalthinking?A.One-to-OneEnglish B.GeneralEnglishforover30’sC.GeneralEnglish20Lessons D.EnglishforFutureLearners3.Whoarethecoursesintendedfor?A.Travelerswiththehopeofmakingnewfriends.B.Nativespeakerswithanextrafocusonspeaking.C.InternationalstudentsofvariousEnglishlevels.D.Completebeginnerswithnolanguagebackground.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個提高英語水平的課程?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分中“Youwilldefineyourlearningoutcomeswithyourteachersandtheywillcreatelessonsbasedonyourlearninggoals.(你將和你的老師一起定義你的學(xué)習(xí)成果，他們將根據(jù)你的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)創(chuàng)建課程)”可知，在這門課程中，學(xué)習(xí)者可以根據(jù)自己的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)決定學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EnglishforFutureLearners部分中“Thiscourseencouragesstudentstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskillssuchasdebating,criticalthinkingandteamwork.(本課程鼓勵學(xué)生探索當(dāng)代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)技能，如辯論、批判性思維和團隊合作)”可知，EnglishforFutureLearners涉及批判性思維的探索。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Hometostudentsfromallovertheworld,IHLondonoffersatrulyinternationallearningenvironmentwithEnglishcoursesavailableforbeginner,intermediateandadvancedlearners.(倫敦國際學(xué)院擁有來自世界各地的學(xué)生，為初學(xué)者，中級和高級學(xué)習(xí)者提供真正的國際化學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境)”可推知，這些課程是針對各種水平的國際學(xué)生設(shè)置的。故選C。BThetomatoleafminermoth(潛葉蛾)originatesfromPeruandiscommonthroughoutSouthAmerica.However,ithasspreadthroughEuropesince2007andhasbecomeoneofthelargestpestsinMediterraneanregions,threateningfoodsupplies.Expertsaroundtheworldarecurrentlystrugglingwithnewwaystobattlethemoth,butithasdevelopedresistancetopesticides(殺蟲劑),leavingfarmershelplesstostopthedamage.AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthhasshownthattheanswermaylieinthetropicaltentwebspider.Scientistscarriedoutlaboratorytestsandfoundthatthespidersbandedtogethertoformwebsthateasilycaughttheflyinginsects,whichtheythenate.DrLenaGrinsted,theleadauthorofthestudy,said,“Thetropicaltentwebspidersoperateinlargegroupsandcancreategiantjoined-upwebscapableofcatchinginsectsintheair.Thiscouldpotentiallyleadtoareductionofrelianceonchemicalpesticides,resultinginlesspollutioninsoils,waterwaysandfoodchainsinthefuture.”Cropdamageisalsocausedbythelarvae(幼蟲),whichdirectlyattackthetomatofruit,makingthecropuglyandthusunmarketable.Larvaeliveinsidetheleafuntiltheybegintheprocessofturningintoamoth,makingthemdifficulttocontrol.However,scientistsexpectthattargetingtheadultmothpopulationwillreducethenumberofeggsbeinglaid.Inaddition,thespidersbuildthebiggestwebsduringthesummer,whichcanbenefitthetomatoplantingandgrowingseasoninMayandJune.Theresearcherssaidthestudywould“opendoorsfortheuseofgroup-livingspiderstocontrolagriculturalpests”butwarnedthatmoreworkwasneededtocheckthespidersdidnotchangetheecologyofregions.“Futurestudiesareneededtoinvestigatewhetherthespidersmaynegativelyimpactcroppollination(傳粉)byalsocatchingbeesandotherkeypollinators.”DrGrinstedadded.4.Whyisitdifficulttogetridofthemothaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itislargeinsize. B.Itisdrug-resistant.C.Itspreadstooquickly. D.Itthreatensfoodsupplies.5.Whatmadeusingthespiderstocontrolpestspossible?A.Theirabilitytoweavehugewebs. B.Theirimportanceinthefoodchain.C.Theeffectofchemicalpesticidesonsoil. D.Thecostreductionofbuildingwaterways.6.WhatisDrGrinsted’sattitudetowardsthenewpest-controlproject?A.Optimistic. B.Indifferent. C.Cautious. D.Disapproving.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Moths:TheBiggestThreattoCrops B.Spiders:TheInsect-CatchingLoversC.Moths:AHeadacheforModernAgriculture D.Spiders:AnEco-friendlyAlternativetoDrugs【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了UniversityofPortsmouth專家們的一個新發(fā)現(xiàn)——用熱帶蜘蛛來消滅飛蛾?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Expertsaroundtheworldarecurrentlystrugglingwithnewwaystobattlethemoth,butithasdevelopedresistancetopesticides(殺蟲劑),leavingfarmershelplesstostopthedamage.(世界各地的專家目前都在努力尋找對抗這種飛蛾的新方法，但它已經(jīng)對殺蟲劑產(chǎn)生了抗藥性，農(nóng)民們無法阻止這種破壞)”可知，很難消滅飛蛾是因為它有抗藥性。故選B。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thetropicaltentwebspidersoperateinlargegroupsandcancreategiantjoined-upwebscapableofcatchinginsectsintheair.(熱帶帳篷網(wǎng)蜘蛛成群活動，能織出巨大的連網(wǎng)，能在空中捕捉昆蟲)”可知，蜘蛛的織網(wǎng)的能力使得利用蜘蛛來控制害蟲成為可能。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Futurestudiesareneededtoinvestigatewhetherthespidersmaynegativelyimpactcroppollination(傳粉)byalsocatchingbeesandotherkeypollinators.(未來的研究需要調(diào)查蜘蛛是否會通過捕獲蜜蜂和其他關(guān)鍵傳粉媒介對作物授粉產(chǎn)生負面影響)”可推知，他對這種新的消滅害蟲的方法是持謹慎的態(tài)度的。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthhasshownthattheanswermaylieinthetropicaltentwebspider.(樸茨茅斯大學(xué)的一項新研究表明，答案可能在熱帶帳篷網(wǎng)蜘蛛身上)”和第二段最后一句“Thiscouldpotentiallyleadtoareductionofrelianceonchemicalpesticides,resultinginlesspollutioninsoils,waterwaysandfoodchainsinthefuture.(這可能會減少對化學(xué)農(nóng)藥的依賴，從而減少未來對土壤、水道和食物鏈的污染)”結(jié)合本文是介紹一種用熱帶蜘蛛來消滅飛蛾的新方法，這種方法因為減少了對殺蟲劑的使用而對環(huán)境有益。故D項“蜘蛛：一種環(huán)保的藥物替代品”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CArecentstudyinJapanhasrevealedthatawearablesoftrobot,namedRelicbo,canimprovetheexperienceofpatientsinmedicaltreatments,suchasinjections(注射)andotherunpleasanttherapies.Thepurposeoftherobotistohelpeasepainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.Thestudy,ledbyresearchersattheUniversityofTsukuba,wasinspiredinpartbythenumerousneedlespeoplehadtoendurewhilebeingvaccinated(接種疫苗)againstCOVID-19.Somepeoplefeltanintensedislikefortheseneedles,whichledtofewerpeoplegettingvaccinated.Therobotissoftandcoveredinfur.Itcontainssmallairbagsinternallythatinflate(膨脹)inresponsetohandmovement.Participantsinthestudywhoworetherobotwhilesubjectedtoamediumheatstimulation,experiencedlesspaininthetestthanthosewhodidnotweartherobot.Thetestprovedthatthepainandanxietybeingfeltcouldbereducedsharplybylesseningtheexperienceofpainthroughusingtherobot.Theresearchteamcheckedtheeffectivenessofthewearablerobotwhilebeinghandledbyparticipantsundercertainconditions,basedontheclenchingofthehand.Theteamplacedpainfulheatstimulationontheotherarmthatwasnotholdingtherobot.Theythenmeasuredcortisollevelsfromtheparticipants’salivasamples,suggestinglevelsofstresshormones.Thepainfeltbythepatientswasgivenspecificratingsandwasalsorecordedusinganassessmentscale.Thepeopleinthestudyweregivenasurveytesttoassesstheirfearofinjectionsbeforeandaftertheexperimentwiththewearablerobotwascompleted.Thestudyprovedthatholdingtherobotcancasetheexperienceofpatientswhowerereceivinginjections.Theresearchteamhopestousethisstudytoadvancetherobotforuseduringpainfulsituations,suchasgettingmedicalshotsorsimilarconditions.8.Whatisthefunctionoftherobot?A.Toassistdoctorsininjectingaccurately.B.Tohelprelievepeople’spainfrominjections.C.Toevaluatepatients’physicalandmentalhealth.D.ToassesstheeffectsofgettingvaccinatedagainstCOVID-19.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)essening”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Detecting.B.Increasing.C.Recording.D.Decreasing.10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Methodsoftestingtheeffectivenessoftherobot.B.Reasonsforconductingtheexperimentontherobot.C.Theadvantagesofthenewrobotinthemedicalfield.D.Theprocessofreducingpeople’sfearofinjections.11.Whatwillresearchersprobablydonext?A.Evaluatetheriskoftherobot.B.Developotherdevicesformedicaltreatment.C.Promotetheapplicationoftherobot.D．Carryoutmoretestsontherobot.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日本的一項最新研究：可穿戴的軟體機器人可以幫助減輕痛苦和保護人們免受焦慮。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thepurposeoftherobotistohelpeasepainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.(該機器人的目的是幫助減輕疼痛和保護人們免受焦慮)”可知，機器人的功能是幫助人們減輕注射帶來的疼痛。故選B項。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thetestprovedthatthepainandanxietybeingfeltcouldbereducedsharply(試驗證明，疼痛和焦慮感可以大大減輕)”和“theexperienceofpain(痛苦的體驗)”可以推知，此處應(yīng)該是指“減輕”痛苦的體驗，所以推測出畫線詞是“減輕”的意思。故選D項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theresearchteamcheckedtheeffectivenessofthewearablerobotwhilebeinghandledbyparticipantsundercertainconditions,basedontheclenchingofthehand.(研究小組以握緊手的姿勢為基礎(chǔ)，檢查了參與者在特定條件下使用可穿戴機器人時的效果)”可知，本段主要是講測試機器人有效性的方法。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theresearchteamhopestousethisstudytoadvancetherobotforuseduringpainfulsituations,suchasgettingmedicalshotsorsimilarconditions.(研究團隊希望通過這項研究來改進機器人在疼痛情況下的使用，例如進行醫(yī)療注射或類似情況)”可推知，研究人員下一步可能會促進機器人的應(yīng)用。故選C項。DAsAIartgeneratorstaketheworldbystorm,somepeoplewonderiftheirworksshouldcountasartatall.Thetechnologyisstilldevelopingandhassomewrinklestoironout(消除),whichmeansthereareindeedflawstoconsideralongsidetheincredibleartworkagoodartificialintelligencecanproduce.Artisclassedastheproductofimagination,skill,experience,andemotion,usuallymeanttorepresentsomethingforthepublictoenjoy.Artistsspenttimeandeffortputtingtheirinnerworldsontotheseworks.Machineintelligencealsoputsalotofworkintosortingthroughtonsofdata,linkingsomeone’sprompt(指令)todatasets,andtryingtorepresentitasbestaspossible.ThedifferenceisthattheAIisdrivenbycommandsinsteadofanemotionaldesiretoexpressitself.AIpainterscanproduceover1,000originalworksofartwitheverytapoftheenterkeyonakeyboard.Butamass-producedprintoftheMonaLisaisworthlessthantheactualLeonardodaVinci’spainting.Why?Scarcity—there’sonlyoneoftheoriginal.Shouldanyonepayforthesethings?AndifanartistputsAImasterpiecesupforsale,whatshouldthepricebe?AIartinvolvesaprogrammimicking(模仿)theworkofexistingartiststocreateanewpieceaccordingtotherequestofahuman.Butwhomadetheartwork,themachineoritsuser?Andcantheoriginalartistssuefor(控告)copyrightviolation?Suchquestionscomplicatethemergingofartificialintelligenceandtheartindustry,whilefuelingargumentsagainstrecognizingAI-generatedartasmarketableartisticproducts.Oncewe’veansweredthosequestions,wecantacklethereallybigone:WhenanAI-generatedpaintingwinsanaward,whogetstheprize?12.HowisAIartdifferentfromhumanart?A.Itistheproductofexperience. B.Itcombinesdifferentstylesofwork.C.Itisnotamirrorofartists’emotions. D.Itdoesn’tcostmuchmoneytoproduce.13.WhydoesthewritermentionMonaLisainparagraph3?A.TopresentthepotentialtroublewiththevalueofAIart.B.Tointroduceanewwayofpreservingartmasterpieces.C.ToshowtheadvantagesofAIpaintersoverhumanartists.D.Toprovethepopularityofclassicartworksamongviewers.14.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.AIartpromotesthesaleofartisticproducts. B.AIartmakescopyrightissuesmorecomplicated.C.ArtistscancreatemoreworkswiththehelpofAI. D.Therewillbefiercecompetitionintheartindustry.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topersuade. B.Toinform. C.Todescribe. D.Toargue.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了AI藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作是否是真的藝術(shù)的問題?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThedifferenceisthattheAIisdrivenbycommandsinsteadofanemotionaldesiretoexpressitself.(不同之處在于，AI是由命令驅(qū)動的，而不是由表達自己的情感欲望驅(qū)動的)”可知，人工智能藝術(shù)與人類藝術(shù)的不同在于它不是人類情感的反應(yīng)。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“AIpainterscanproduceover1,000originalworksofartwitheverytapoftheenterkeyonakeyboard.Butamass-producedprintoftheMonaLisaisworthlessthantheactualLeonardodaVinci’spainting.Why?Scarcity—there’sonlyoneoftheoriginal.Shouldanyonepayforthesethings?AndifanartistputsAImasterpiecesupforsale,whatshouldthepricebe?(只要敲擊鍵盤上的回車鍵，人工智能畫家就能創(chuàng)作出1000多幅原創(chuàng)藝術(shù)作品。但是，一幅批量生產(chǎn)的《蒙娜麗莎》版畫的價值還不如列奧納多·達·芬奇的真跡。為什么？稀缺性——只有一個原物。有人應(yīng)該為這些東西買單嗎?如果一位藝術(shù)家要出售人工智能杰作，價格應(yīng)該是多少？)”可推知，作者想通過這個例子來說明AI藝術(shù)可能會給藝術(shù)作品的價值評定帶來問題。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Butwhomadetheartwork,themachineoritsuser?Andcantheoriginalartistssuefor(控告)copyrightviolation?Suchquestionscomplicatethemergingofartificialintelligenceandtheartindustry,whilefuelingargumentsagainstrecognizingAI-generatedartasmarketableartisticproducts.(但是是誰創(chuàng)造了藝術(shù)品，機器還是它的使用者？原創(chuàng)藝術(shù)家可以起訴侵犯版權(quán)嗎？這些問題使人工智能和藝術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的融合變得復(fù)雜，同時也加劇了反對將人工智能生成的藝術(shù)視為可銷售的藝術(shù)產(chǎn)品的爭論)”可推知，人工智能藝術(shù)使版權(quán)問題更加復(fù)雜。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AsAIartgeneratorstaketheworldbystorm,somepeoplewonderiftheirworksshouldcountasartatall.Thetechnologyisstilldevelopingandhassomewrinklestoironout(消除),whichmeansthereareindeedflawstoconsideralongsidetheincredibleartworkagoodartificialintelligencecanproduce.(隨著人工智能藝術(shù)生成器席卷全球，有些人懷疑他們的作品是否應(yīng)該算作藝術(shù)。這項技術(shù)仍在發(fā)展中，還有一些問題需要解決，這意味著除了優(yōu)秀的人工智能可以創(chuàng)造出令人難以置信的藝術(shù)品外，還需要考慮一些缺陷)”結(jié)合文章主要討論了AI藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作是否是真的藝術(shù)的問題。故寫作的目的就是為了辯論“AI藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作是真的藝術(shù)嗎?”。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AsuniversitydoorsopenedinSeptemberforanewyear,anestimatedsixmillionpeopleacrosstheworldtooktothestreetsinahistoricweekofclimateaction.Forfreshersstartinganewchapteratuniversity,decidinghowtoliveyourlifeisvital.____16____Whatyouputonyourplatematters.Meatanddairyconsumptionresultsinexcessive(過度的)landuse,industrialemissions,wateruseanddeforestation.____17____Therefore,ameat-freediethasbeenrecommendedasthe“single-biggestway”anindividualcanreducetheirimpactontheplanet.____18____Keepingyourclothesforaslongaspossiblehasmorethanjustmonetaryvalue.IntheUK,clothinghasthefourth-largestenvironmentalimpactafterhousing,transportandfood.Sorecycleyourclothesormendthem.Changeyourhabits.____19____Therearesimplewaysyoucanchangeyourhabitstolivesustainably.Washyourclothesatalowertemperature,andchooseabambootoothbrushormoreeco-friendlysanitary(衛(wèi)生的)products.Ifyou’replanningaweekendawaywithfriends,trytotravelbytrainorbus.Individualactionsmatter,astheydemonstratecommitmentandprovideanalternativetohowwecanlive.Butcampaigningisimportant,too.____20____Ifyoudon’tknowwhereorhowtostart,seeifthereareanysocietiesatyouruniversity.StudentsoftheFossilFreecampaign,forexample,havebroughtonhugechangesbycallingontheirinstitutionstostopusingfossilfuels.A.Forgetfastfashion.B.Behaveyourselfinpublic.C.Whileshopping,turnupwithyourowncontainer.D.Universitycampuscanbeaperfectplaceforthis.E.Cuttingoutmeatisaneasywaytoreduceyourcarbonfootprint.F.Herearesomeideasabouthowyoucanbesustainableasastudent.G.Forfreshers,livingalonemeansdoingyourownwashing,cookingandcleaning.【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了大學(xué)生如何開始環(huán)保生活?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Forfreshersstartinganewchapteratuniversity,decidinghowtoliveyourlifeisvital.(對于開始大學(xué)新篇章的新生來說，決定如何生活是至關(guān)重要的)”可知下文主要是介紹大學(xué)生如何開始環(huán)保生活的建議。F項“這里有一些關(guān)于你如何作為一個可持續(xù)的學(xué)生的想法”承接上文，且引領(lǐng)下文，符合語境。故選F?！?7題詳解】本段是就學(xué)生盤中的食物方面給出建議。根據(jù)上文“Meatanddairyconsumptionresultsinexcessive(過度的)landuse,industrialemissions,wateruseanddeforestation.(肉類和奶制品的消費導(dǎo)致了過度的土地使用、工業(yè)排放、用水和森林砍伐)”可知對肉類和奶制品的消費會導(dǎo)致過度的土地使用，工業(yè)廢氣排放，水資源浪費和沙漠化，所以E項“不吃肉是減少碳足跡的一種簡單方法”符合語境。故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Keepingyourclothesforaslongaspossiblehasmorethanjustmonetaryvalue.IntheUK,clothinghasthefourth-largestenvironmentalimpactafterhousing,transportandfood.Sorecycleyourclothesormendthem.(把衣服保存得越久越好，這不僅僅是金錢上的價值。在英國，服裝對環(huán)境的影響僅次于住房、交通和食品。所以回收你的衣服或修補它們)”本句是一個段落主旨句。根據(jù)段落主旨句的特點（祈使句）和內(nèi)容（穿衣時尚）可知A項“忘掉快時尚吧”符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Washyourclothesatalowertemperature,andchooseabambootoothbrushormoreeco-friendlysanitary(衛(wèi)生的)products.(在較低的溫度下洗衣服，并選擇竹牙刷或更環(huán)保的衛(wèi)生產(chǎn)品)”可知，本段就如何改變學(xué)生的日常生活習(xí)慣方面提出建議。故G選項“對于新手來說，獨自生活意味著自己洗衣服、做飯和打掃衛(wèi)生”符合語境。故選G。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Butcampaigningisimportant,too.(學(xué)生運動很重要)”可知，本段主要是強調(diào)在保持環(huán)保生活習(xí)慣方面，各種學(xué)生運動所起到的作用。故D項“大學(xué)校園是一個完美的可開展學(xué)生運動的場所”符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。TwohundredyearsagotheEnglishpoetWilliamWordsworthwroteIWanderedLonelyasaCloud,apoemthatwasinspiredwhenhecameacrossafieldofdaffodils(水仙花).It____21____abasicspiritofearlyEnglishRomanticism(浪漫主義).Whatmakesthispoema(n)____22____ofRomanticthinking?Itisn’tthatWordsworth____23____towriteaboutanaturalscene:itisthewayhedescribesthesceneasifithadhuman____24____.Forhim,natureisnotonlyaneutral(無感情色彩的)____25____ofscenery,colors,plants,rocks,soil,waterandair.Itisa____26____forcethatfeelsjoyandsadnessandeventriestoeducateushumanbeingsandshowusthebeautyoflife.Wordsworth’shomeisnowoneofthemostpopular____27____intheLakeDistrict.Youcangoonatourofthegardenwherewildflowersstill____28____nowregardlessofthechangeofthetime.Theplace,whereWordsworthsawthedaffodils,isatthesouthernmostendofthelake.Whenyouarewalkinginthe____29____ofWilliamfromtwocenturiesago,thefirstgroupofdaffodilsappear,buttheyaren’ttallyellowtrumpets(小號狀的花)____30____swinginginthegentlewindasdescribedinWordsworth’s____31____.Theyarejusttinywilddaffodilsgroupedaroundindividualtreesratherthan____32____together.Butasyoulooknorth,frombesideahugeancientoaktree,yourealizethisiswhat____33____Wordsworth:groupaftergroupofdaffodils,spreadouttoleftandrightbutcomingtogetherinyoursightsothatthey____34____abeautiful,paleyellowcarpet.Whatyou’reseeingatlastisnaturetransformedbyhumansightand____35____.21.A.expresses B.raises C.breaks D.compares22.A.cause B.series C.example D.proposal23.A.volunteers B.chooses C.refuses D.hesitates24.A.identities B.emotions C.appearancesD.characters25.A.balance B.shape C.pattern D.mixture26.A.violent B.economic C.physical D.living27.A.masterpieces B.destinations C.activities D.performances28.A.shakes B.escapes C.survives D.responds29.A.footprint B.direction C.possession D.charge30.A.proudly B.casually C.sharply D.regularly31.A.sight B.mind C.memory D.poem32.A.floating B.waiting C.collecting D.trembling33.A.confused B.delighted C.persuaded D.confirmed34.A.form B.decorate C.destroy D.change35.A.capability B.flexibility C.expectation D.imagination【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.B25.D26.D27.B28.C29.A30.A31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了英國著名詩人威廉·華茲華斯的詩歌風(fēng)格以及他的故居鴿子農(nóng)舍的景色。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它表達了早期英國浪漫主義的基本精神。A.expresses表達；B.raises籌集；C.breaks打破；D.compares比較。根據(jù)后文“abasicspiritofearlyEnglishRomanticism”此處指這首詩歌中表達的是精神是早起英國浪漫主義。故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：是什么使這首詩成為浪漫主義思想的范例？A.cause原因；B.series系列；C.example例子；D.proposal提議。上文提到《我像一朵云一樣孤獨地漫游》這首詩表達了早期英國浪漫主義的基本精神，說明這首詩是一個浪漫主義思想的范例。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這并不是華茲華斯選擇寫一個自然的場景，而是他描述場景的方式，仿佛它有人類的情感。A.volunteers志愿；B.chooses選擇；C.refuses拒絕；D.hesitates猶豫。根據(jù)后文“towriteaboutanaturalscene:itisthewayhedescribesthescene”可知，這首詩之所以可以成為浪漫主義思想的范例，不在于華茲華斯選擇寫一個自然的場景，而是他描述場景的方式，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這并不是華茲華斯選擇寫一個自然的場景，而是他描述場景的方式，仿佛它有人類的情感。A.identities身份；B.emotions情感；C.appearances外觀；D.characters特性。根據(jù)后文“feelsjoyandsadnessandeventriestoeducateushumanbeings”可知，華茲華斯的詩歌中自然有人類的情感。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對他來說，自然不僅僅是風(fēng)景、色彩、植物、巖石、土壤、水和空氣的中性混合物。A.balance平衡；B.shape形狀；C.pattern模式；D.mixture混合。根據(jù)后文“ofscenery,colors,plants,rocks,soil,waterandair”指自然不僅僅是風(fēng)景、色彩、植物、巖石、土壤、水和空氣的中性混合物。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它是一種生命的力量，它能感受快樂和悲傷，甚至試圖教育我們?nèi)祟?，向我們展示生活的美好。A.violent暴力的；B.economic經(jīng)濟的；C.physical身體的；D.living活著的。根據(jù)后文“feelsjoyandsadness”能感受到快樂和悲傷是生命的力量，livingforce表示“生命力”。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：華茲華斯的故居現(xiàn)在是湖區(qū)最受歡迎的景點之一。A.masterpieces杰作；B.destinations目的地；C.activities活動；D.performances表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“Wordsworth’shomeisnowoneofthemostpopular”可知，華茲華斯是著名詩人，所以華茲華斯的故居現(xiàn)在是湖區(qū)最受歡迎的景點之一。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以去參觀花園，在那里，盡管時代變遷，野花仍然存活著。A.shakes搖晃；B.escapes逃走；C.survives幸存；D.responds回復(fù)。根據(jù)上文“Youcangoonatourofthegardenwherewildflowersstill”以及后文提到了去看水仙花，可知盡管時代變遷，野花仍然存活著。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你走在兩個世紀(jì)前威廉的足跡上時，第一批水仙花出現(xiàn)了，但它們并不是華茲華斯詩中描述的在微風(fēng)中驕傲地擺動的高大的黃色喇叭。A.footprint腳??；B.direction方向；C.possession財產(chǎn)；D.charge收費。根據(jù)上文“Whenyouarewalkinginthe”與行走對應(yīng)的是足跡，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你走在兩個世紀(jì)前威廉的足跡上時，第一批水仙花出現(xiàn)了，但它們并不是華茲華斯詩中描述的在微風(fēng)中驕傲地擺動的高大的黃色喇叭。A.proudly驕傲地；B.casually隨意地；C.sharply尖銳地；D.regularly定期地。根據(jù)后文“Theyarejusttinywilddaffodils”描述了水仙花真正的樣子，可推知華茲華斯的詩歌中水仙花在微風(fēng)中驕傲地擺動的高大的黃色喇叭。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你走在兩個世紀(jì)前威廉的足跡上時，第一批水仙花出現(xiàn)了，但它們并不是華茲華斯詩中描述的在微風(fēng)中驕傲地擺動的高大的黃色喇叭。A.sight看見；B.mind思維；C.memory記憶；D.poem詩歌。結(jié)合第一段“TwohundredyearsagotheEnglishpoetWilliamWordsworthwroteIWanderedLonelyasaCloud,apoemthatwasinspiredwhenhecameacrossafieldofdaffodils.(兩百年前，英國詩人威廉·華茲華斯寫了《我像一朵云一樣孤獨地漫游》，這首詩的靈感來自于他偶然看到的一片水仙花)”可知，此處指他是個中描述的水仙花。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它們只是小小的野生水仙花，簇生在一棵棵樹周圍，而不是聚集在一起。A.floating漂??；B.waiting等待；C.collecting收集，聚集；D.trembling顫抖。根據(jù)上文“groupedaroundindividualtrees”可知，水仙花是一簇簇生長，而不是聚在一起的。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)你從一棵巨大的古橡樹旁向北望去時，你會意識到這正是華茲華斯所喜歡的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右兩邊散開，但又在你的視線中匯聚在一起，形成一塊美麗的淡黃色地毯。A.confused使困惑；B.delighted使高興；C.persuaded說服；D.confirmed確認。根據(jù)后文“groupaftergroupofdaffodils,spreadouttoleftandrightbutcomingtogetherinyoursight”的描述可知，華茲華斯當(dāng)時看到一簇簇水仙花，從左到右展開，但在你的視線中匯聚在一起，這一場景讓他高興，所以寫下了著名的詩歌。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)你從一棵巨大的古橡樹旁向北望去時，你會意識到這正是華茲華斯所喜歡的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右兩邊散開，但又在你的視線中匯聚在一起，形成一塊美麗的淡黃色地毯。A.form形成；B.decorate裝飾；C.destroy破壞；D.change改變。根據(jù)后文“abeautiful,paleyellowcarpet”指水仙花形成一塊美麗的淡黃色地毯。故選A?！?5題詳