高二英語(yǔ)教師用書(shū)：Unit3SectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精Ⅰ。單詞拼寫(xiě)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞1．Theywerealsoinconstant(時(shí)常發(fā)生的)communicationwithpeopleontheearth。2．Hehasnoprevious（早先的)experienceofthiskindofwork。3．Althoughhewasbadlyill，hewasoptimistic（樂(lè)觀的）abouthislife.4．You'dbettermakesomeadjustments（調(diào)整)beforehandinginyourpaper.5．Jim’srealproblemisthathelacks（缺乏）confidence。6．Whenwalkinginthestreet，acarsuddenlyflasheditsheadlightsatme。7．Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorecomfortableandbeautifulsurroundings．8．Tomakeagoodimpressionontheinterviewers，sheisdressedinherfinestskirt.9．SheswitchedontheTVsetassoonasshearrivedhome。10．Fastenyourjacketup-it'sgettingcoldnow。Ⅱ.拓展詞匯根據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出下列單詞1．stewardn.乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員→stewardessn.女乘務(wù)員2．constantadj.時(shí)常發(fā)生的；連續(xù)不斷的→constantlyadv。不斷地3．guiden.指導(dǎo)；向?qū)В粚?dǎo)游vt.指引；指導(dǎo)→guidancen。指導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo)4．surroundv.環(huán)繞→surroundingadj。周?chē)摹鷖urroundingsn.周?chē)氖挛?；環(huán)境5．impressvt。使印象深刻;使銘記→impressiveadj.給人深刻印象的；感人的→impressionn。印象;感想；印記eq\a\vs4\al（[尋規(guī)律、巧記憶](méi)）n。＋。ess→女性(人）v.＋。ance→n。stewardessn。女乘務(wù)員hostessn.女主人princessn.公主;王妃guidancen.指導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo)appearancen。出現(xiàn)；露面；外貌;外表reliancen.信賴(lài)Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)1．takeup 拿起；接受;開(kāi)始；繼續(xù)2．a(chǎn)saresult 結(jié)果；因此3．sufferfrom 患有（疾病等)；為……受苦4．besimilarto 與……相似5．sweepup 打掃；橫掃6．bebackonone'sfeet (困境后)恢復(fù);完全復(fù)原7．losesightof。。. 看不見(jiàn)……8．slideinto (快捷而悄聲地）移動(dòng)；溜進(jìn)……Ⅳ。選詞填空選用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1．I'dliketotakeupyourofferofarideintotown。2．Tiredout，heslidintobedandfellfastasleep.3．Afterreceivingtimelytreatment，theboywasbackonhisfeetsoon。4．Theplacewassocrowdedthatwesoonlostsightofhim。5．Whenpeoplepicktheirfriends，theyoftenselectpeoplewhoaresimilartothemselves。eq\a\vs4\al(［尋規(guī)律、巧記憶］)v.＋up→動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)be＋adj。＋to→動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)takeup拿起；接受；開(kāi)始；繼續(xù)cleanup清除；收拾干凈giveup放棄;戒除besimilarto與……相似befriendlyto對(duì)……友好beknownto為……所熟知背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫(xiě)促落實(shí)1.Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate.開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍受。sth.＋be＋adj。＋todo主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義Accordingtoherfamilyandfriends，sheishumorousandeasytogetalongwith.據(jù)她的朋友和家人講，她很幽默，而且容易相處。2.Theairseemedthin，asthoughitscombinationofgaseshadlittleoxygenleft.空氣似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的氣體中剩下的氧氣很少.asthough引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句Thehousewaslitupasthoughabigcelebrationwasgoingon.整個(gè)屋子燈火輝煌，猶如在舉行盛大慶典.3。Havingsaidthis，hespreadsomefoodonthetable，andproducedabedfromthefloor。說(shuō)完這些，他把一些食物擺在桌子上，并從地板下取出一張床來(lái).havingdone。..作狀語(yǔ)Havingfinishedhishomework，hewentouttoplayfootball。做完家庭作業(yè)后，他出去踢足球了.4。Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.我感到累極了，爬到床上很快就睡著了.exhausted過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)Satisfiedwithwhathedid,theteacherpraisedhiminclass.由于老師對(duì)他所做的事情很滿意，于是在班上表?yè)P(yáng)了他。impressionn．印象；感想；印記(教材P17）firstimpressions第一印象(1)make/leave/giveanimpressionon 給……留下印象get/haveagood/badimpressionofsb./sth. 對(duì)某人/某物的印象好(不好）(2）impressvt。 給……以深刻的印象impresssth。on/uponsb。＝impresssb。withsth. 使某人對(duì)某物/某事有印象；使某人銘記 某物/事beimpressedby/with 為……所感動(dòng)；對(duì)……有印象（3)impressiveadj. 給人印象深刻的；感人的①I(mǎi)haveagoodimpressionofhim。我對(duì)他的印象很好。②Ourteacherimpresseduswiththeimportanceofindustryandeconomy.＝Ourteacherimpressedtheimportanceofindustryandeconomyon/uponus。老師要我們牢牢記住勤儉節(jié)約的重要性。③Iwasdeeplyimpressed（impress)bythegirl’sperformance.＝Thegirl’sperformanceleft/madeadeepimpression(impress）onme。這個(gè)女孩的表演給我留下了深刻的印象。④Thismovieissoimpressive(impress)thatwecan’thelpcrying.這部影片如此感人以至于我們禁不住流下淚來(lái)。Zhangjiakouisanimpressiveplace.EspeciallythefamousTianlualwaysleavesadeepimpressiononthevisitors,whoarestronglyimpressedbyitsbeauty。張家口是一個(gè)令人難忘的地方。尤其是著名的天路總給游客留下深刻的印象，他們對(duì)它的美印象深刻。takeup拿起；接受；開(kāi)始；繼續(xù);占據(jù)（空間)；占用(時(shí)間）(教材P17)IstillcannotbelievethatIamtakingupthisprizethatIwonlastyear。我還是無(wú)法相信我是在接受去年獲得的這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì).寫(xiě)出下列句中takeup的含義①TheheadteachertakesherdutiesupinAugust.開(kāi)始承擔(dān)②Shetookuphisofferofadrink。接受③AttheageofsixtyhetookupthestudyofRussian.開(kāi)始從事④Theteachertookupthelessonwhereheleftofflastweek.繼續(xù)⑤Thatbigclockwillhavetogo；ittakesuptoomuchspaceinthesmallhall.占據(jù)takeaway 解除；消除takedown 拿下；取下；記下takein 理解；欺騙；接納takeoff 脫去;起飛；突然受歡迎takeon 呈現(xiàn)；開(kāi)始雇用⑥Inthepastfewyears，ourschoolhastakenonanewlook.在過(guò)去的幾年里，我們學(xué)校呈現(xiàn)出了新面貌.⑦Ifyoutrusthim，youwillcertainlybetakenin。如果你相信他,你一定會(huì)受騙。(教材P18）Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate．開(kāi)始的時(shí)候,新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍受。(1)surroundingsn．周?chē)氖挛?；環(huán)境surroundingadj. 附近的;周?chē)膕urroundvt。 環(huán)繞;圍?。话鼑鷅esurroundedby/with。。. 由……圍著/包圍①I(mǎi)ttookmeafewweekstogetusedtothenewsurroundings。我花了好幾個(gè)星期才適應(yīng)這里的新環(huán)境。②Aftertheexplosion，thearmybegansearchingthetownandsurrounding（surround）areas。爆炸發(fā)生后,軍方開(kāi)始搜尋該城鎮(zhèn)以及周?chē)貐^(qū)。③Hefelthappythathewassurroundedby/withloveandkindnessinhisfamily。他很高興在家中備受關(guān)愛(ài)。Thevillageissurroundedwithtrees。Seeingthesurroundingtrees，Ifeltitwasagoodplacetolivein。這個(gè)村莊被樹(shù)木環(huán)繞.看到周?chē)臉?shù)木，我感覺(jué)這是一個(gè)生活的好地方。(2)toleratevt.容忍；忍受（1）tolerate(doing)sth。 容忍(做)某事（2）tolerancen。 容忍；忍受havetolerancefor 容忍；忍受……（3）tolerantadj。 容忍的；寬容的betolerantof/towardssb。/sth. 對(duì)某人/某事寬容①Theteachercan’ttolerateeatingintheclassroom。這位老師不能容忍在教室里吃東西。②Herownmistakesmadeherverytolerantof/towards(thefaultsof）others。她因自己有錯(cuò)誤,對(duì)別人(的錯(cuò)誤）就概不計(jì)較了。③Awisemanisabletotolerateotherpeople’sopinions.＝Awisemanisabletohavetolerance（tolerate)forotherpeople’sopinions。一個(gè)明智的人能夠容忍別人的意見(jiàn).[名師點(diǎn)津]can’t/couldn'ttoleratedoingsth.不能容忍做某事。用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有：stand，bear。④Hecan'ttolerate/stand/bearbeinglaughed（laugh）at。他忍受不了被別人取笑。Itrymybesttotoleratethenaughtychild。Everytimehemakesamistake,Igivehimatolerantsmile。Myfriendsadmiremeformytolerance．我盡最大努力來(lái)容忍那個(gè)淘氣的孩子。他每次犯錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，我都對(duì)他寬容地一笑。我的朋友們因我的容忍而欽佩我。lackn．缺乏；短缺的東西vi。＆vt.缺乏；沒(méi)有(教材P18）Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached。由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛.（1）forlackof 缺乏……；沒(méi)有……；因缺少……(a)lackof 缺乏；不足……(2）lackfor 缺……；不充足（3)lackingadj. 缺少的；不足的belackingin 不足；不夠；缺少①M(fèi)oreandmorehigh。risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlackofspace.大城市里因?yàn)槿鄙倏臻g建起了越來(lái)越多的高樓大廈。②Theyaresorichthattheylackfornothing。他們非常富裕，什么也不缺。③Adiet(thatis）lacking（lack)innutritionalvaluewillnotkeepapersonhealthy.缺乏營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值的飲食不能維持人的健康。④Themandidn'tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoungbecausehelacked（for)money.＝Themandidn'tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoungbecausehewaslackinginmoney。＝Themandidn'tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoungforlackofmoney。＝Lacking（lack)money,themandidn'tgotoschoolwhenhewasyoung。因?yàn)闆](méi)錢(qián)，這個(gè)人小時(shí)候沒(méi)有上學(xué)。[名師點(diǎn)津］看“l(fā)ack”缺什么？①lack用作名詞時(shí)一般用作單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，意為“缺乏;短缺"。后面常接介詞of表示缺少的內(nèi)容，構(gòu)成lackof短語(yǔ)。②lack用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)可作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“缺乏;沒(méi)有；短缺”。后面直接接名詞作賓語(yǔ)，千萬(wàn)不要說(shuō)lackin/ofsth.。也可作不及物動(dòng)詞，如跟賓語(yǔ)要加for，構(gòu)成lackforsth。.pressvi。&vt。按；壓；逼迫n.按；壓；印刷；新聞;新聞界（常接定冠詞the)（教材P18)Thesecarriagesfloatabovethegroundandbybendingorpressingdowninyourseat，youcanmoveswiftly。這些氣墊車(chē)是在地面上方飄浮著的，只要在座位上把操縱桿打彎或壓下，你就可以迅速地移動(dòng)。寫(xiě)出下列句中press的詞性及含義①Thedoctorgentlypressedhisstomach。v.按壓②Theyarepressingustomakeaquickdecision.v.逼迫③Membersofthepresswerenotallowedintothemeeting.n.新聞界(1）press.。。against/to.。. 把……壓/擠/貼在……presssb.todosth. 極力勸說(shuō)/敦促某人做某事(2）pressuren. 壓(力）；壓強(qiáng);強(qiáng)制④Shepressedherfaceagainsttheglass。她把臉緊貼在玻璃上。⑤Itisnotwisetopressthemtoleave（leave）heresoearly。催促他們這么早離開(kāi)這里是不明智的。⑥Iknowstudyingisveryimportant，butmyparentsputtoomuchpressure(press）onme.我知道學(xué)習(xí)很重要，但父母給我施加了太多的壓力。losesightof。。?？床灰?jiàn)……；忽略；失去聯(lián)系(教材P18）However，IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereachedwhatlookedlikealargemarketbecauseoftoomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections。但是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看起來(lái)像是大市場(chǎng)的地方時(shí)，我看不見(jiàn)王平了，因?yàn)楹芏鄽鈮|車(chē)在身邊朝各個(gè)方向飛奔。catchsightof 望見(jiàn)；看到insight 在視線內(nèi)outofsight 看不見(jiàn)；在視野之外atthesightof 一看見(jiàn)……atfirstsight 乍一看；第一眼看到comeintosight 進(jìn)入視野①Helenletoutashrillcrywhenshecaughtsightofasnake.海倫看見(jiàn)一條蛇時(shí)，她尖聲喊叫起來(lái)。②Thepieceofpaperfellontothesurfaceoftheriveranddriftedawayoutofsight.這張紙掉到了河里,漂走看不見(jiàn)了。③Wefellinlovewiththecellphoneatfirstsight,butmuchtoourregret，itwastoodear.我們第一眼看到那部精美的手機(jī)就喜歡上了它，但非常遺憾,它太貴了。switchn．［C]開(kāi)關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換vt。＆vi。(使)轉(zhuǎn)換（教材P18）ThenWangPingflashedaswitchonacomputerscreen，andatableandsomechairsrosefromunderthefloorasifbymagic.然后王平在電腦熒屏上的開(kāi)關(guān)上閃了一下，于是一張桌子和幾把椅子就像變魔術(shù)般地從地板下面升了起來(lái).（1)makeaswitch 改變(2)switchoff 切斷（電流、氣體等）switchon 打開(kāi)（開(kāi)關(guān)）；接通（電流等）switch（from..。)to。。。 （從……）轉(zhuǎn)變成；（從……）轉(zhuǎn)換到switchsth.withsb。 和某人交換某物①SwitchofftheTVbeforeyougoout.你出門(mén)前要把電視關(guān)掉。②Hewassostubbornthatherefusedtomakeaswitch.他那么固執(zhí)，拒絕做出改變。③Weaskedthemiftheywouldswitchplaceswithus.我們問(wèn)他們是否愿意和我們對(duì)換座位。(教材P18)Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate．開(kāi)始的時(shí)候,新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍受.【要點(diǎn)提煉】本句是“主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋todo”句型，該句型中的形容詞多為表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征的詞，如easy，difficult，hard，important等。（1)不定式和句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。（2)不定式有時(shí)會(huì)帶上自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)(forsb。)。(3）當(dāng)不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在該不及物動(dòng)詞后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。①Thestoryisveryinterestingtoread.這個(gè)故事讀起來(lái)很有趣。②AsfarasI’mconcerned，theplanishardtocarryout．依我看來(lái)，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃難以實(shí)施。③Thismachineisveryeasytooperate(operate)．Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.這臺(tái)機(jī)器很容易操作，任何人都能在幾分鐘內(nèi)學(xué)會(huì)使用它。（教材P18)Theairseemedthin，asthoughitscombinationofgaseshadlittleoxygenleft.空氣似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的氣體中剩下的氧氣很少?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】asthough/if“好像；似乎”,引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句.類(lèi)型表語(yǔ)從句接在look，seem等動(dòng)詞之后狀語(yǔ)從句接在常見(jiàn)的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之后從句語(yǔ)氣及時(shí)態(tài)陳述語(yǔ)氣所述是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生虛擬語(yǔ)氣所述不真實(shí)或極少有可能發(fā)生與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞常用were）與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone)與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(would/could/mightdo)①I(mǎi)tlooksasthough/ifitisn’tcleanenoughtoswimhere。看起來(lái)這兒的水好像不夠干凈，不宜游泳。②Firsthepicksoutthelacesandeatsthemasthough/iftheywere（be)noodles.他先拿起鞋帶來(lái)吃，好像在吃面條。③Isuggestthatyoushouldstayhereasthough/ifnothinghadhappened（happen)．我建議你應(yīng)該待在這兒，好像什么事也沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)。1．（教材P18）Icanstillrememberthemomentwhenthespacestewardesscalledusalltothecapsuleandweclimbedinthroughasmallopening?！痉治觥窟B詞and連接的是表示并列關(guān)系的復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)分句中when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞themoment.【翻譯】我仍然記得女乘務(wù)員讓我們都進(jìn)入時(shí)間艙,我們都通過(guò)一個(gè)小入口爬進(jìn)去。2．(教材P18）However，IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereachedwhatlookedlikealargemarketbecauseoftoomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.【分析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。IlostsightofWangPing為主句;when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，在該從句中包含一個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句；flyingbyinalldirections為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾carriages?！痉g】但是,當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看起來(lái)像是大市場(chǎng)的地方時(shí)，我看不見(jiàn)王平了，因?yàn)楹芏鄽鈮|車(chē)在身邊朝各個(gè)方向飛奔。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Alicegivestheimpression(impress）ofbeingyoungerthan