配電系統(tǒng)無(wú)功補(bǔ)償裝置中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)

中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯(文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯)外文翻譯（譯文）11-OptimizationofreactivepowercompensationindistributionsystemThereactivepowercompensationfordistributionnetwork,asthesupplementofsubstationcompensationcaneffectivelyimprovethepowerfactor,reducelineloss,improvetheendvoltage,ensurethequalityofpowersupply,alsobringgoodeconomicbenefitsforenterprise,hasreceivedextensiveattention.Thedistributedreactivecompensation,installingpowercapacitorsonfeeders,isthemaindistributionnetworkcompensationmodeathomeandabroad[1],butdifferentinstalledlocationanddifferentinstalledcapacity,thebenefitisdifferent.Withtheapplicationofreactivepowercompensationdistributionincreasegradually,howtochooseappropriatereactivecompensationlocationandcompensationcapacitytomakethemaximumbenefitwithlesscostbecomepeople'sresearchtarget.Andtheoptimizationofdistributedreactivecompensationofdistributionnetworkwasraised.Atpresent,thedecisionofthebestcompensationcapacityandthebestpositioninactualdistributionreactivecompensation,usuallyinaccordancewithidealsituations,suchas,thereactiveloadalongtheroaddistributeduniformly,increasing,diminishingdistributionorasisoscelesdistribution,andsoon[2],[9].Thismethodhasclearresults,simplecalculation,andhasacertainengineeringpracticalvalue.Buttheactualreactiveloaddistributionismorecomplex,whichisdifferentfromtheidealsituation.So,inaccordancewithidealsituationstopremisereactivecompensationconfigurationoptimizationformulamaybenotsatisfied.Tostudyamoregeneraldistributedreactivecompensationconfigurationoptimizedmethodisneeded.Thispaperstudiesseveralkindsoftypicaloptimalallocationofreactivecompensationconfigurationwithidealloaddistribution.Thenitdetailsthedistributedreactivecompensationoptimizedmathematicalmodel,whichisappliedtoanyloaddistributionordistributionnetworkstructure,andgivestheeffectivealgorithm.Atlast,thepaperintroducesthepracticalapplicationoftheresearchofthemodelandthealgorithm.Theidealloaddistributionisreferstothereactivepowerloaddistributedalongthelinemeetakindofidealregulardistribution,forexample,inanypointtheroadreactiveloadisequal,nameduniformdistribution,thereactiveloadfromthefirstendincreasingordecreasing,namedincreasingordecreasingdistribution,andsoon.Thisisanabstractoftheactualloaddistribution,andinsuchahypothesispremisetheanalyticalexpressionsoftheoptimallocationandcapacitycanbededuced,whichcangetthebestreducelosseffect.AndtheresultsareshowedinTableIandFig1,whichcanbechoseinpracticalprojects[3],[4],[6].Whentheactualpowerdistributionisdifferentfromtheidealsituation,usingtheresultstoguidethereactivecompensationconfiguration,theeffectmaybenotbeautiful.Itneedstostudyamoregeneralreactivecompensationconfigurationoptimizedmethod.Theoptimizationofdistributionnetworkdistributedreactivecompensationisdistributedasamixedintegernonlinearoptimizationproblems,whichistodeterminethereactivecompensationpositionandcapacitywithsomeconstraints[5].Therefore,thecompensationpositionandcapacityarethetwodecisionvariables.Itsmathematicalmodelisatwolayersoptimizedproblemwithconstraint.Firstisthecapacityoptimizationatdeterminedlocation,secondisthedistributionoptimization.Basedontheoptimizationmathematicalmodelandalgorithm,thecorrespondinggraphicalcalculationsoftwarehasbeendeveloped.Withtheoptimizationresults,somepowercapacitorsareinstalledontenlOkVruralfeederswhichhadlowerpowerfactorandhigherlineloss.Andtheactualoperationshowedgoodeffect.AsshowninFig3andTableII,itistheoptimizationofafeedernamedCHANG7.thetotallengthis22.35km,theconductortypeoftrunklineisLGJ-120，withadistributioncapacityof4760kVA.Theactivepowerwas1904kW,andthepowerfactorwas0.83.Theobjectivepowerfactorwassetat0.9,sothereactivecompensationtotalcapacitywas358kvar.Theparametersincludinglengthandconductortypeofeachsection,nameplateparametersoftransformers,andthereactivecompensationtotalcapacityweresetinthegraphicalsoftware.Yet,thegraphofthefeederhadbeendrawntoo.Thentheresultsweremarkedonthefeedergraphautomatically,suchasFig.3.AsshowninTableII,theorylinelossrategotanobvious0.4149percentsdecrement,ifreactivecompensationdeviceswereinstalled.Also,undertheconditionoftotalcapacity,twoinstallationsmade0.007percentlowerthanone,andthreepointsinstallationmade0.0003percentlowerthantwo.Thenmorecompensationinstallationsgotmoredecrementoftheorylinelossrate,butthedecreasingratebecomeinconspicuous,Incontrast,equipmentmaintenancecostincreasedalot.Therefore,twoinstallationswereselectedonCHANG7feederatlast.Thisworkprovidesscientificandreasonabletheoryforreactivepoweroptimizationofdistributionnetwork,andgivesareferenceforthedistributionnetworklosscalculation.Also,itprovidestheconvenienceforimprovingthequalityofvoltage,energysavingandimprovinglinelossmanagementlevel.1)Forsolvingdistributionnetworkreactivepoweroptimizationproblem,thispaperputsforwardthedoubleoptimizationmathematicalmodelofdistributionnetworkdistributedreactivecompensation,theinneriscompensationcapacityoptimization,theouterlayeristhereactivecompensationdistributionoptimization.Themodelcandodistributionreactivecompensationoptimizationwithanyloaddistributionandarbitrarydistributionnetworkstructureforms.2)ByintroducingLagrangemultiplierandthenecessaryconditionofextreme,themixedintegernonlinearoptimizationproblemisdeducedtoalinearonethatcanbeeasilysolvedbyGaussianeliminationmethod.Itisveryimpleandefficientforcomputerprogramming.3)Themodelandthealgorithmcangivedifferentoptimizedresultsandlossreductionfordifferentnumberofcapacitorinstallation.Engineeringpracticeshowedthatoptimizedcapacitorsinstallationcanmakelinelossrategetanobviousdecrement.Thisresearchplaysanimportantroleintheactualreactivecompensationequipmentinstallationofdistributionnetworkandlinelossmanagement.ReasonablereactivepowersourcescompensationofruralsubstationshasbeenbecomingahotissuesinceChineseruralelectricnetworkalteration.TheprincipalreactivepowercompensationmodeofruralsubstationsisstillusingfixedcompensationcapacitortocontrolvoltageandreactivepoweratpresentinChina.Thiscompensationmodehassomeproblems.suchascapacityadjustmentrequiresmanualinterventionunderpoweroutage,thephenomenonofoverandundercompensationmayalwayshappen,therateofputtingintooperationofreactivepowercompensationisrelativelylow,andsoon.Atthesametime,thereisnosamplingfunctionattheprimarysideofthemaintransformerbecauseofthespecialdevicesinruralsubstations.Inordertorealizetheobjectivesthatthepowerfactorisnotlessthan0.95atprimarysideandnotlessthan0.9atsecondarysideatthehighestload,inthispaper,someoptimalreactivepowercontrolstrategiesforruralsubstationwereproposed.Inaccordancewiththereactivepowerflowconditionsoftheruraldistributionnetwork,theprosandconsoftwocontrolstrategieswereanalyzed.Oneofthestrategieswassamplingattheprimarysideofthemaintransformer,theotherwassamplingatthesecondarysideandswitchingcontrolbypowerfactorofsecondaryside.Aftercomparisonofsuchanalysis,anoptimalcontrolstrategywasproposed.Thedataweresampledinthesubstationsecondaryside,thenthesampleddatawereevaluatedinequivalencetotheprimaryside,andthenthepowerfactorassessmentcriteriaofprimarysidewereusedtocontrolcapacitorswitching.Thecompensationcapacityshouldbecalculatedafterelectricmotorcompensation,transformercompensationanddistributedcompensationondistributionline.Thesampledvaluesatsecondarysideandactivelossandreactivelossofthemaintransformerwereusedtocalculatecompensationcapacitytomeetthepowerfactorobjectivesofprimaryside.ThroughtheexamplecalculationandanalysibyApplyingactualsubstationdataaresultwereobtained.Theresultmetappraisalstandardsandthepowerfactorofmaintransformerprimarysidewasabove0.95atthehighestload.Ifthepowerfactorofmaintransformersecondarysidewasabove0.98,therewasnoneedtocompensateforsubstation.Ifthepowerfactorofmaintransformersecondarysidewasunder0.97,afterthecompensationbyusingtheproposedoptimalcompensationcapacityandtheprimarysidepowerfactorcontrolmethod,thepowerfactorofthemaintransformersecondarysidewasnotlessthan0.98andtheprimarysidereaches0.95.Theseresultsshowthattheproposedoptimalcontrolstrategyandcompensationcapacitycalculationmethodarefeasible,andtheresearchhaspracticalsignificanceofmakingfulluseofreactivepowersupplyinruraldistributionnetwork.Optimalallocationofreactivepowercompensationplaysanimportantroleinpowersystemplanninganddesign.However,asanon-linear,largescalecombinatorial.optimizationproblem,Conventionalmethodsarenotnormallyappropriateforit.Amathematicalmodelisfirstlypresentedinthispaperforcomprehensiveoptimalconfigurationindistributionfeedersbasedontheanalysisofengineeringfactorsofreactivepowercompensation,whoseobjectiveistominimizetheannualexpenditureinvolvingthedevicesinvestmentandtheincomeofenergysaving,andsatisfyallsortsofoperation，fixingandmaintenanceconstrains.Thecontrolvariableincludethecapacitorbanks’numberandcapacityofvariouscompensationschemes.RARW-GAalgorithmisadoptedtosolvethisproblem.TheresultofcalculationandanalysisofBenXiSteelgroupcorporationpowersystemshowsthattheproposedmethodisfeasibleandeffective.AnimprovedTSalgorithmisputforwardontheconditionthatreactivepowercompensationlocationandcapacityhavebeenidentifiedinruraldistributionlines.TheAlgorithmisbasedoncapacitoroptimalon-offmodelaimedataminimumnetworkloss,itcancontrolthecapacitoron-offaccordingtotheloadchangingandthesystemoperationstatusandkeepreal-timevoltagequalifiedandnetworklossminimum.Adistributedcontrolsystemisdesignedbyusingthealgorithmtorealizereactivepoweroptimization,whichiscomposedofreactivepoweroptimalterminalsandbackgroundcontrolcenter.Theterminalisinchargeofdatacollectionandtransmission,on-offinstructionreceivingandexecuting.Thecontrolcenterininchargeofreceivingdatafromeverycompensationpoint,callingcontrolalgorithmtoprocessdata,formingandsendinginstructions.GPRStechnologyisadoptedtorealizethesystem’sforeground-backgroundcommunication.Theactualapplicationinsomeexperimentalnetworkshasprovedthatthesystemcanrealizeglobaloptimalcontrolfordistributionlines,andissuitabletobewidelyusedinruraldistributionnetwork.Inordertosolvetheoptimizationofdistributionreactivecompensationpointandcapacity,adoubleoptimizedmodelisproposed,whichissuiableforreactivecompensationoptimizationwithrandomloaddistributionorrandomnetworkstructure.Forthecompensationpositionandcapacitydecisionvariables,theoptimizedmodelisdescribedastwolayersofoptimizationwithconstraint.Theouteroneisthecapacityoptimizationatdeterminedlocation,andtheinlayeristhelocationoptimization.ByintroducingLagrangemultiplier,themixedintegernonlinearoptimizationisdeducedtoalinearonethatcanbeeasilysolvebyGaussianeliminationmethod.Forillustration,anapplicationoften10kVruralfeedersisutilizedtoshowthefeasibilityofthedoubleoptimizedmodelinsolvingtheoptimizationofdistributionreactivecompensationpointandcapacity.Empiricalresultsshowthatthemodelcangivetheoptimizedresultfordifferentnumberofcapacitorinstalla-tion,andtheresultwithhighestlinelossdecrementwillbeusedasthefinaldecision.TheresearchprovidesscientifictheoreticalbasisforReactivecompensationandplaysavitalroleinreactivecompensationequipmentinstallationandlinelossmanagement.Takingaccountofthemutualimpactsofdistributedgenerationandreactivepower,todeterminetheoptimalpositionandcapacityofthecompensationdevicetobeinstalled,thepaperproposedanimprovedTabusearchalgorithmforreactivepoweroptimiza-tion.ThevoltagequalityisconsideredofthemodelusingminimumnetworkactivepowerlossasobjectiveFunction.Itisachievedbymaintainingthewholesystempowerlossaminimumtherebyreducingcostallocation.OnthebasisofgeneralTabusearchalgorithm,thealgorithmusedmemoryguidancesearchstrategytofocusonsearchingforalocaloptimumvalue,avoidaglobalsearchblindness.Todealwiththeneighborhoodsolutionsetproperlyorsavealgorithmstoragespace,somecorrespondingimprovmentsaremade,thus,itiseasilytostoptheiterationofpartialoptimizationanditismoreprobabletoachievetheglobaloptimizationbyuseoftheimprovedalgorithm.SimulationsarecarriedoutonstandardIEEE33testsystemandresultsarepresented.SupSuperconductingMagneticEnergyStorageSMES)caninjectorabsorbrealandreactivepowertoorfromapowersystemataveryfastrateonarepetitivebasis.ThesecharacteristicsmaketheapplicationofSMESidealfortransmissiongridcontrolandstabilityenhancement.SuperconductingMagneticEnergyStorageSMES)isanattractiveapparatusforsomepowersystemapplicationsbecauseitiscapableoflevelingloaddemandwithhighefficiency,compensatingforloadchanges,maintainingabusvoltage,andstabilizingpowerswings.Powersystemstabilityproblemshaveattractedtheattentionofpowersystemengineersforseveraldecades.Considerableprogresshasbeenmadeonexcitationcontrol,governorcontrol,controlbystaticvarcompensator,etc.Modernpowersystems,whicharegrowinginsizeandcomplexity,arecharacterizedbylongdistancebulkpowertransmissionsandwideareainterconnections.Insuchpowersystems,undampedpowerswingsoflowfrequencycanoccur.Thiscanbeaseriousproblemsincetheinstabilityoftendecreasesthepowertransmissioncapacity.Asaresult,thepowerthatcanbetransmittedinsteadystateandtransientsituationsislimited.Ifthelimitisexceeded,thegeneratorlosessynchronousoperationandsysteminstabilitiesoccur.SMESmaybeaneffectivemeansofpreventingtheseinstabilities,therebymaximizingpowertransfertomeetincreasedloaddemand.ASMESsystemcanberepresentedindynamicsimulationsasacontinuouscontrollablerealandreactivepowersource.Insteady-statesimulations,SMEScanberepresentedasacontinuouscontrollablereactivepowersourcesinceitcancontinuouslyoperatethroughoutitsrangeofreactivepower.However,theoutputofrealpowerfromaSMESdeviceislimitedtotheamountofenergystoredinthecoil.Thefirstobjectiveofthisresearchistodeterminetheoptimalinternalcontrolschemeneededtodecidethecontrollableactiveandreactivepowerbasedonactiveandreactivepowerdemandedbythepowersystem.ThesecondobjectiveistodesignandsimulateSMESexternalcontrolmodelswhicharedependentonthenetworkconfiguration.ThethirdobjectiveistodeterminehowtheoptimalsizeofaSMESdevicevariesforagiventransientstabilitydisturbancewhenalternativeinternalcontrolmodelsandexternalcontrolmodelsareused.Withabignumberofelectricenergyconsumersanddifferentcharacterselectricenergyqualitydependsonmanyfactorsinthemodernpowernetworks.Itincludes:powernetworksandworkingconditionfactorsofconsumers.Oneofthemisthepossibilityofreactivepowerbalanceswithanimportantreserveprovidingafteremergencymodesonthebasicknotsofthepowersystemandvoltageregulationonallnetworks.Asthelengthofnetworksofapowersystemincreasesinmodernconditions,wecanreducethereactivepowerstreams,aswellasoperationalandcapitalexpenses.Rationalvoltagemodebringstothefrontplanthetechnical一economicaspectsofthepowertransmissionEFFICIENCY.Analysesandeconomiccalculationsshowthattransferringthereactivepowerbyshortlengthlinesmeansofahighvoltagejustifies.Thereforeinmostcasesreductionofreactivepowertotheminimumisveryeffectiveforeconomicallywhenthesourcesofreactivepowersettledownneartheconsumptioncenters.Theincreaseofconsumerloadinganditsstructurequalitativecausesconsiderableincreaseofreactivepowerandconstantreductionofapowerfactorindistributedpowernetworks[1」.Thus,thetendencyofmodernpowersystemsdevelopmentischaracterizedbyonesidewiththeincreaseofreactivepowerconsumption(insomesystemsto1kVAR/kVt),ontheothersidewithdecreaseofpowerplantgeneratorsusageexpediencyandpossibilityforthereactivepowercompensationpurpose[2-5].Insuchconditionsreactivepowercompensationattainsaspecialurgency.Heretheoptimization'sprimarygoalisoptimumplacingofreactivepowersourcesandsupportofanecessaryreserveofcapacityQreZforvoltageregulationonloadingknot.Forexample,Polishpowerengineersconsiderthatcapacityofcompensatorsshouldbe50%oftheestablishedcapacityofgeneratorsinpowerplants.InFrance,SwedenandGermanythecapacityofcompensatorsis35%ofactivepeakloading,intheUSAandJapanthisvolumeis70%.IndifferentpowersystemsoftheUSAtheestablishedcapacityofcompensatorsis100%ofgeneratorscapacities[6-11].Reactivepowercompensationproblemisamultidimensionalproblemonthetechnicalandeconomicaspectsandconsequentlyitisresultedwiththefindingofaglobalextremumofcriterionfunctionwiththesetoflocalextreme.Inthisarticlethevoltagesupportwithinthetechnicalrestrictionsanddefinitionofoptimalplacingofthereactivepowersourceswithatechniqueofmulti-purposeoptimizationofreactivepowerinthepowersystemisconsidered.Bytheproblemconsiderationasone-targetoptimizationwithinrestrictionsthecriterionfunctionisalinearcombinationfromseveralfactors.Theproblemdecisionisauniqueoptimumversionandhaslacksofalternativeversions,andthereisnotdependencyofanendresultfromtheinitialdata.Thus,thepurposeofreactivepowersourcesoptimalplacinginapowersystemconsistsofincreasethequalityofvoltageinallcentralpointsofanetwork,controlthestabilityofthesystem,reducethepowerlossesandcapacitiesinnetworks.Asaresultthesewillincreasetheeconomicefficiencyinthepowersystem.Fromtheeconomicefficiencypointofviewthenewcompensatingunitsintendedforinstallationshouldbeprovedandgivencorrespondingoptimumrecommendations.1.Methodsandmulti-purposeoptimizationcompensationsalgorithmshavebeendevelopedwithsupportofanecessaryreserveforpreservationofnormallevelofvoltagetakingintoaccounttechnicalrestrictionsinknotsofanelectricnetworkofapowersystem.Resultsofcomputerizationtorealizationhaveshownspeedandhighefficiencythedevelopedalgorithmprovidingminimizationoflossesofactivecapacityinanet.2.Basedongeneticalgorithmthepowerandinstallationlocationsofthestaticcapacitorbankswiththemulticriteriaoptimizationtechniquehasgiven.Inthiscase,asacriterionofoptimalitytheminimumexpensesfortheinstallationandexploitation,theminimizationofpowerlossesduringtherequiredvaluesofvoltageandpowerfactorandmaximumsavingandtheminimumself-paymenttermareaccepted.3.Thereportoftherealelectricitynetworkisgivenfortwocases:operationwithouttheCB;withoptimalplacementofCB.Theapplicationoftheproposedmethodcanreducetheaveragepowerlossesapproximately13一14%intheelectricnetwork.配電系統(tǒng)無(wú)功補(bǔ)償裝置容量?jī)?yōu)化配電網(wǎng)無(wú)功補(bǔ)償，作為補(bǔ)充的變電站補(bǔ)償可以有效地提高功率因數(shù)，減少線路損耗，提高末端電壓，保證供電質(zhì)量，也能帶來(lái)良好的企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，已得到泛的注意。分布式無(wú)功補(bǔ)償，安裝饋線上的電容器，是主要的配電網(wǎng)國(guó)內(nèi)外薪酬模式，但不同安裝位置和不同的裝機(jī)容量，效益是不同的。無(wú)功功率的應(yīng)用補(bǔ)償分配逐漸增多，如何選擇適當(dāng)?shù)臒o(wú)功補(bǔ)償位置和補(bǔ)償能力，使利益最大化成為人們的研究目標(biāo)。由分布式無(wú)功補(bǔ)償?shù)膬?yōu)化提出分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)。目前，在實(shí)際配電網(wǎng)中決定的最佳補(bǔ)償能力的最佳位置補(bǔ)償，通常按照理想情況，如沿道路分布的無(wú)功負(fù)荷均勻增加，遞減分布或等腰三角形分布等。該方法具有效果清楚，計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)單，并具有一定的工程實(shí)用價(jià)值。但實(shí)際無(wú)功負(fù)荷分布更為復(fù)雜，不同于理想的情況下。所以，按照理想情況來(lái)配置無(wú)功補(bǔ)償優(yōu)化方案可能不滿意。學(xué)習(xí)了解更一般的分布式無(wú)功補(bǔ)償配置優(yōu)化方法是必要的。本文研究了幾種典型的優(yōu)化方法：首先按照理想的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償配置的配置負(fù)荷分配。然后詳細(xì)介紹了分布式的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型適用于任何負(fù)荷分配或配電網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)，并給出了有效的算法。最后，論文介紹了研究的實(shí)際應(yīng)用模型與算法。理想的負(fù)荷分配是指無(wú)功功率沿線路荷載分布符合一種理想的規(guī)則。例如，在任何一點(diǎn)的道路的無(wú)功負(fù)荷分配是相等的，被命名為均勻分布，無(wú)功負(fù)荷第一端增加或減少，命名為增加或在實(shí)際項(xiàng)目中選擇。當(dāng)實(shí)際的功率分配是不同的理想的情況下，使用結(jié)果來(lái)指導(dǎo)無(wú)功補(bǔ)償配置，效果可能不明顯。它需要研究一種更為一般的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償優(yōu)化配置方法。減少分布等。這是一個(gè)抽象的實(shí)際載荷分布，在這樣的假設(shè)前提下最佳位置和容量的解析表達(dá)式可以推導(dǎo)出，可以得到最佳的減損效果。結(jié)果顯示在我和圖1，這可能是配電網(wǎng)優(yōu)化無(wú)功補(bǔ)償是一個(gè)混合整數(shù)非線性優(yōu)化問(wèn)題，這是確定的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償位置和容量約束。因此，補(bǔ)償位置和容量是決定變量。其數(shù)學(xué)模型是一二層優(yōu)化問(wèn)題的約束。首先是在確定位置的容量?jī)?yōu)化，二是配電優(yōu)化。基于優(yōu)化的數(shù)學(xué)模型算法，相應(yīng)的圖形計(jì)算軟件已經(jīng)研制。與優(yōu)化結(jié)果，一些電力電容器安裝在10kV饋線在農(nóng)村具有較低的功率因數(shù)和更高的線路損耗，實(shí)際運(yùn)行效果良好。如圖3所示表二，它是一個(gè)被命名為常7，總長(zhǎng)度為22.35公里，主干線導(dǎo)線類型是lgj-120，有4760伏安配電容量。這個(gè)有功功率為1904千瓦，功率因數(shù)為0.83。目標(biāo)功率因數(shù)為0.9，因此無(wú)功補(bǔ)償總?cè)萘繛?58千瓦。參數(shù)包括每節(jié)的長(zhǎng)度和導(dǎo)體類型，變壓器銘牌上的參數(shù)，而無(wú)功補(bǔ)償總?cè)萘勘辉O(shè)置在圖形軟件。然而，圖中的饋線已繪制過(guò)。然后將結(jié)果自動(dòng)反饋圖面，如圖3如表二中所示，如果無(wú)功補(bǔ)償裝置安裝，理論路線損耗率得到了明顯遞減的0.4149個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。在總?cè)萘康那闆r下，兩家安裝了百分0.007個(gè)低于一個(gè)，和三點(diǎn)安裝比2個(gè)低百分之0.0003。然后更多的補(bǔ)償裝置得到了更多的遞減理論的線損耗率，但降低率成為不顯眼，相比之下，設(shè)備維護(hù)成本增加了很多。因此，選擇2個(gè)安裝長(zhǎng)7饋線。這項(xiàng)工作提供了科學(xué)合理的理論配電網(wǎng)無(wú)功優(yōu)化為配電網(wǎng)損耗的參考計(jì)算。此外，它提供了便利的改善電壓、節(jié)能、提高線路損耗的質(zhì)量管理水平。1）為解決配電網(wǎng)無(wú)功優(yōu)化問(wèn)題，本文提出了雙配電網(wǎng)優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型分布式無(wú)功補(bǔ)償，集中補(bǔ)償容量?jī)?yōu)化，外層是反應(yīng)性補(bǔ)償分配優(yōu)化。該模型可以做配電網(wǎng)無(wú)功補(bǔ)償優(yōu)化荷載分布與任意分布網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)形式。2）通過(guò)引入拉格朗日乘數(shù)和必要的極值，混合整數(shù)非線性條件優(yōu)化問(wèn)題被推導(dǎo)出到一個(gè)線性的一個(gè)，可以用高斯消元法求解。這是非常簡(jiǎn)單高效的計(jì)算機(jī)編程。3）模型和算法可以給出不同的不同數(shù)量的優(yōu)化結(jié)果和損失減少電容器的安裝。工程實(shí)踐表明優(yōu)化的電容器安裝可以使線路損耗率得到明顯的遞減。本研究起著重要的作用在實(shí)際無(wú)功補(bǔ)償裝置的安裝配電網(wǎng)和線路損耗管理。農(nóng)村變電站中的無(wú)功電源合理補(bǔ)償一直以來(lái)都是中國(guó)農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)改造的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。目前我國(guó)農(nóng)村變電站的主要無(wú)功補(bǔ)償方式仍采用固定補(bǔ)償電容來(lái)控制電壓和無(wú)功功率。這種補(bǔ)償模式存在容量調(diào)整等、人工干預(yù)下的停電、過(guò)多和欠補(bǔ)償?shù)默F(xiàn)象，而且投入運(yùn)行的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償率比較低，同時(shí)，由于農(nóng)村變電站中的專用設(shè)備，主變壓器的一次側(cè)沒(méi)有采樣功能。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)功率因數(shù)不小于0.95，在二次側(cè)的功率因數(shù)不低于0.9的目標(biāo)，本文提出了一種最優(yōu)無(wú)功功率控制策略。針對(duì)農(nóng)村配電網(wǎng)的無(wú)功潮流，分析了2種控制策略的優(yōu)劣。其中一個(gè)策略是在主變壓器的一次側(cè)采樣，另一個(gè)是在二次側(cè)的功率因數(shù)和開(kāi)關(guān)控制的二次側(cè)的采樣。經(jīng)過(guò)比較分析，提出了一種最優(yōu)控制策略。在變電站二次側(cè)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行采樣，然后將采樣的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了等效，在等效的一次側(cè)，然后由一次側(cè)的功率因數(shù)來(lái)控制電容器投切。對(duì)配電線路的補(bǔ)償，應(yīng)計(jì)算補(bǔ)償容量。在二次側(cè)的采樣值和主變壓器的有功損耗和無(wú)功損耗用來(lái)計(jì)算補(bǔ)償容量，以滿足一次側(cè)的功率因數(shù)的目標(biāo)。通過(guò)實(shí)例計(jì)算和分析，應(yīng)用實(shí)際的變電站數(shù)據(jù)，得到了結(jié)果。結(jié)果符合評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，主變壓器一次側(cè)功率因數(shù)最高在0.95以上。如果主變壓器二次側(cè)的功率因數(shù)在0.98以上，無(wú)需進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。如果主變壓器二次側(cè)的功率因數(shù)在0.97以下，所提出的補(bǔ)償容量和主側(cè)功率因數(shù)的控制方法，主變壓器二次側(cè)的功率因數(shù)不小于0.98，主側(cè)達(dá)到0.95。這些結(jié)果表明，所提出的最優(yōu)控制策略和補(bǔ)償容量計(jì)算方法是可行的，這一研究具有充分利用農(nóng)村配電網(wǎng)無(wú)功供給的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。無(wú)功補(bǔ)償優(yōu)化配置在電力系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)中占有重要地位，然而，作為一個(gè)非線性的，大規(guī)模的組合優(yōu)化問(wèn)題，傳統(tǒng)的方法通常是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹１疚氖紫葘?duì)無(wú)功補(bǔ)償?shù)募夹g(shù)條件進(jìn)行了分析，提出了一種數(shù)學(xué)模型，其目標(biāo)是盡量減少設(shè)備投入的年支出，增加節(jié)能收入，滿足各種操作、修理和維修的制約?？刂谱兞堪娙萜鹘M的數(shù)量和各種補(bǔ)償方案的容量。我們采用RARW-GA算法來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。本溪鋼鐵集團(tuán)公司電力系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算和分析結(jié)果表明，該方法是可行的，有效的。在農(nóng)村配電線路已確定的條件下,對(duì)于無(wú)功補(bǔ)償?shù)奈恢煤湍芰?提出一種改進(jìn)的TS算法。