Unit+7+Careers+Topic+Talk+ +Lesson+1+課后練習(xí) 高中英語北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

TopicTalk&Lesson1Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.TheTaylorsdecidedthattheywould(雇用)anarchitecttodothework.2.There’snowayto(預(yù)測(cè))thefuturehealthofthebankingindustry.3.Pridewillconvinceyouthatyou(應(yīng)受)bettertreatment.4.Wehaveformedan(協(xié)會(huì))tohelpthedisabled.5.Watchoutforsharpbendsand(調(diào)整)yourspeedaccordingly.6.Wearepleasedto(宣布)thatallfivecandidatesweresuccessful.7.His(殘疾)preventshimfromholdingajob.8.Thecaptainwasnot(愿意的)torisktakinghisshipthroughthestraitsinsuchbadweather.9.Allourprojectsaimto(促進(jìn))thedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.10.Therearesomevery(令人印象深刻的)buildingsinthetown.Ⅱ.短語填空getonwellwith;basedon;bedeterminedto;beunwillingto;getemployed;bemistakenin;supportedby;ontheotherhand;morethan;beopento1.IwassoangrythatItellhimwhatIthoughtofhim.2.Forthepastthreeyearshehasasabodyguardbytheboss.3.Youmustnewideasandsuggestions,andhavethecapabilitytounderstandyourteammembers.4.Althoughtheyhavenothingincommon,theycanstilleachother.5.Justthenawhite-hairedoldwomanentered,agirl.6.Itissaidthattheyrecycledhalfoftheirwastepaperlastyear.7.Youthinkingthattheywillhelpyou.8.Iwanttogototheparty,butIoughttobestudying.9.Thedirectorsrespondtothequestions.10.Wecan’tmakeadecisionhearsayandguesswork.Ⅲ.單句寫作1.吸引孩子們的是那些彩圖而不是故事本身。thecolorfulpicturesratherthestoryitselfthatappealtothechildren.2.通常認(rèn)為,音樂能幫助人們放松。musiccanhelppeoplerelaxthemselves.3.毫無疑問,你在這兒一定能度過美好的時(shí)光。youcanhaveagoodtimehere.4.我們想更好地了解這個(gè)國家和人民。Wewanttogetthecountryanditspeople.5.研究人員在報(bào)告中說,許多人都說他們?cè)诰频昊蚣乙酝獾钠渌胤蕉己茈y入睡。Intheirreport,theresearcherssaidmanypeoplereporttheysleepingatahotelorotherplacesoutsidetheirhome.Ⅳ.閱讀理解AAbout10yearsago,Isatinmyoffice,strugglingtowriteanannualprogressreportformydean.Ienjoywritingscientificpapersthatengagemycreativityandfurthermyresearch.Butreportwritingdoesn’tcomewithanyrewardapartfromthemomentarysatisfactionoffinishingsomething.Likeotherroutinepaperwork,Ifindithardtogetthrough.Sothatday,Iofferedmyselfareward:WhenIfinishedthereport,I’dgivemyself2hourstoexamineslides(玻片)underthemicroscope—ataskI’vealwayslovedbutneverhadmuchtimeforasafacultymember.It’sastrategyIcall“justforfun”.ThestrategywasbornoutofchallengesIexperiencedingraduateschool.Iusuallydelayedputtingtogetherreportsforuniversityadministratorsuntilthreateninglettersarrived.Ineverfeltthatpaperworkwasadvancingmyscience,butrathersappingmyenergyandtimeforresearch.Oneofmycommitteemembersrecognisedandunderstoodmydifficulties.Thenhetoldmeabouthisstrategyofrewardinghimselfwithafunprojectwhenhecompletedataskthathedidn’tparticularlyenjoy.Headvisedmetothinkaboutdoingsomethingsimilar.Iimmediatelylikedtheidea.Overthecourseofmycareer,thisstrategyhelpedmecompleteandmovepastthepartsofmyjobthatIdidn’tparticularlyenjoy.TherewardsIgavemyselfprovidedawaytorelaxandremindedmewhyIlovebeingascientist.Asforthatannualreport,Ispentanordinarymorningonitbutgotitdone.ThenIhurriedovertothemicroscope,eagertoinspectaseriesofslidesthatmycollaborators(合作者)hadsentacoupleweeksearlier.Toothers,itmayhavelookedlikework.Buttome,itwasjustforfun.1.Whydoestheauthordislikereportwriting?A.Hereceivestoolittlefromit.B.Itisextremelyeasytofinish.C.Itneedstoomuchcreativity.D.Hedoesn’tmajorinwriting.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sapping”inparagraph2probablyreferto?A.Acquiring. B.Consuming.C.Lacking. D.Providing.3.Howdidtheauthorgethisstrategy?A.Throughtheinspirationofhisreportwriting.B.Throughtherewardofhiscollaborators.C.Throughinstructionsofuniversityadministrators.D.Throughacommitteemember’ssuggestion.4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.Chooseacareeryoureallylike.B.Seekfunwhendoingscienceresearch.C.Motivateyourselftofinishboringtasks.D.Rewardyourselfwithanewstrategy.BLifesavingHeartOperationWhenTalGolesworthywastoldheneededalifesavingheartoperationin1993,hesaidno.GolesworthyhasMarfansyndrome(馬凡氏綜合征).Backin1993,whenhewaslivinginthewestofEngland,hisdoctortoldhimthattheaorta(主動(dòng)脈)inhisheartwassoenlargedthatitwouldunavoidablyburstunlessheunderwentamajoroperation.“Theytalkedthroughtheoptions,”saysGolesworthy,“butIwasnotinterested.Theoperationreallydidn’tlookattractive.”Whatheparticularlydidn’tlikewashavingtobeonbloodthinnersaftertheoperation,somethingthatwouldpreventbloodclots(血栓)butpresenteditsownrisks:“Iwasridingmotorbikesthen,andskiing,somywholelifestylewouldhavebeenaffected.”By2000,however,hisconditionhadworsened.Realizingsomethinghadtobedone,Golesworthyputhisyearsofexperienceasaresearchanddevelopmentengineertogooduse.Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself.“Learningnewstuffanddevelopingnewideas,thatweremyjob,”Golesworthysays.Theaorta,hethought,neededsupportontheoutside.Andwrappingsomethingaroundtheoutsideoftheaortawouldrequireaspecialoperation.SoGolesworthysubjectedhimselfto30hoursinanMRIscannerandused3Dprintingtocreateaphysicalexactcopyofthepartofhisheart.“Luckily,I’ddonealotofworkwithtechnicalmaterials,”hesays.Strongdeterminationcoupledwithanoriginalyetpracticalsolutionwonhimthesupportoftwoleadingsurgeonsandhelpedhimraisethemoneytodevelophisidea.InMay2004,attheageof47,hebecametheguineapigforhisowninvention.Theoperationwasasuccess.

5.WhydidTalGolesworthyrefusetheoperationatfirst?A.Abettersolutionwasontheway.B.Hewasafraidofhislifebeingaffected.C.Theriskoftheoperationtendedtocausedeath.D.Hewouldliketobeoperatedoninhisownway.6.WhathelpedGolesworthytofixhimself?A.Hiscreativespirit.B.Regularexercise.C.Doctors’suggestions.D.Hissimilarexperience.7.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theguineapig”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thelovelypet.B.Theimportantassistant.C.Theexperimentalsubject.D.Thepersontoraisemoney.8.WhichwordscanbestdescribeTalGolesworthy?A.Creativeandkind.B.Strongandimaginative.C.Devotedandgenerous.D.Determinedandbrave.CItisnoaccidentthatmanyfilmsandshowsopenwithacrazy,action-packedscenethatdrivesviewerstoask:“What’sgoingonhere,whoarethesepeopleandwhatdotheywant?”Thesescenesaredesignedtokeepuswatching.Ascientistwhoexplorestheclimatehistorybyanalyzingstalagmites(石筍)heldalecture.Atthebeginningofhertalk,sheshowedaphotoofherselfcrawlingthroughacavetocollectsamples.Theaudienceimmediatelyperkedup.Startingwiththatimage,wecouldn’twaittoaskwhythisscientistwascrawlingaroundinadangerouscave,whichmighthaveattractedtheaudiencemorestronglyfromthebeginning.

However,thisparticularstorytellingtechniqueisperhapsthemostappropriateinpresentations;researchpaperstypicallydemandmorestraightforwardreportingofresultsintheformofaclearabstract.Whenscientistsdescribetheirresearchtotheaudienceoutsidetheirprofessionalfield,theyoftenavoiddiscussingpersonaltrialsandsufferings.Instead,theyfocusonlyonpositive,publishedresults.Noonewantstolooklikeafailure,evenifsuchexperiencescanbevastlyvaluable.Buthidingthehardshipsmightcutoutsomeofyourbeststorymaterial.Theresearchprocesslendsitselfperfectlytothisnarrativeconcept(敘事概念);itcanbedescribedasawindingroadofplottwiststhatreshapesthelivesofscientistsandourunderstandingoftheworld.Inviteotherstojoinyoufortheupsanddownsofyourresearch.Insteadofjustpresentingyourfindings,describehowyoureactedtothosediscoveries.Whatwasthemostexciting?Howdidyougetwrong?AsEmmaCoats,aformerPixarstoryboardartist,notedinalistofstorytellingprinciplesshepostedontheInternet:“Youadmireacharacterfortryingmorethanfortheirsuccesses.”Trytoapplyscreenwritingstrategiestoyourpresentation.Afterall,asthecharacterTyrionLannisterstatesinthetelevisionseriesGameofThrones,“There’snothingintheworldmorepowerfulthanagoodstory.”9.Whatisthecommonfeatureofafilmandalecturementionedinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theystartwithastory.B.Theybothfocusontechnicaldetails.C.Theyreflectthesamebackground.D.Theybotharousethecuriosityoftheaudience.10.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedwords“perkedup”inparagraph2?A.Becameactive.B.Gotshocked.C.Becameembarrassed.D.Gotlost.11.Howdotheresearcherstypicallypresenttheirfindings?A.Byusingastorytellingtechnique.B.Byoutliningtheresultsinbrief.C.Bydescribingtheirreportindetail.D.Byfocusingonlyonvaluableexperiences.12.Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A.Thepowerofagoodstory.B.Theadviceonresearchpapers.C.Thetechniquestoattracttheaudience.D.Thestorytellingtechniqueinpresentations.Ⅴ.七選五Ifyouarethinkingaboutaskingforaraiseinsalary,thereareseveralthingstokeepinmind.First,considerwhetheryoudeserveahighersalary.1Sitdownandmakealistofyourjobaccomplishments.Beasspecificaspossible.Forexample,thinkaboutimportantprojectsyouhaveworkedon,thingsyouhavedonetoimprovetheorganizationofworkinyourdepartment,orhowyoureffortshavebroughtmoremoneytothecompany.Alsoincludeanyprofessionaldevelopmentopportunitiesyouhavetakenadvantageofrecentlyandbereadytoexplainhowtheyhaveimprovedyourperformanceonthejob.2

Bearinmindthatsalarylevelsarebasednotonlyonperformancebutalsoonthemarketforyourparticularskills.Beforeyouaskforaraise,youneedtodosomeresearch.Youshouldinvestigatetheindustrystandardsforsalariesforpeopleinsimilarpositionswithsimilarlevelsofexperience.3Yourinitial(最初的)requestshouldactuallybeslightlyhigherthantheamountyouwantinordertoleavesomeroomfornegotiation.Then,ifyouhavetogolowerthanthisamount,youstillendupwithsomethingclosetowhatyouwant.

4Ifyouhaverecentlybeengivennewresponsibilities,itmakessensetoaskforahigherlevelofcompensation(補(bǔ)償).Ontheotherhand,ifthecompanyisgoingthroughfinancialdifficulties,arequestformoremoneywillprobablynotbemetwithafavorableresponse.Itwouldbebettertowaituntilthecompanyisinabetterfinancialposition.

Finally,nevergivepersonalreasonsforwantingahighersalary.Yourneedtopayyourchild’scollegetuitionorbuyabiggerhouseisofnoconcerntoyourboss.5Thatiswhereyouneedtokeeptheconversation.

A.Everyoneiseagerforaraiseinsalary.B.Skillsplayakeyroleinyoursalarylevel.C.Animportantpointisthetimingofyourrequest.D.Thenyouwillbebetterpreparedwhenyoumeetwithyourboss.E.Yoursalarylevelshouldbebasedonprofessionalconsiderationsalone.F.Youprobablydo,butyoushouldbeabletoexplainexactlywhytoyourboss.G.Thiswillhelpyoudeterminewhatwouldbeareasonableamountofmoneytoaskfor.Ⅵ.語法填空Althoughwelearnmanythingseachday,wedon’talwayslearnsomething1.wefeelwillaffectourbehaviorfortherestofourlives.Thisisamajordifferencebetweenalifelesson2.everythingelsewelearn.

Forexample,ifthingsdon’thappenastheyshould,wewouldmakedifferentchoicesinthefuture3.(get)theoutcomewewanted.Thiscanserveasalifelessonsothatwhen4.(face)withsimilarcircumstances,wecan5.(conscious)changeourbehavior.

Lifelessonscanhelpusunderstandourselvesbetter.Sincethelesson6.(learn)throughtheconsequencesofouractionsorreactions,inthisway,wecangaininsight(了解)intohowwethink,actandreactincertainsituations.Perhapsoneofthebiggestlessonswecanlearn7.(be)thatwhilewecan’tcontroleverything,wecancontrolourresponsestothings.

Anexampleofalifelessonintheareaofcareercouldbethelessonthatmaking8.modestlivingatsomethingweare9.(interest)inisbetterthanworkingatanunpleasantoradulljobformoremoney.

Someofususuallylearnamajorlifelessonwhenalovedonedies.Thislessoncanresultinus10.(spend)moretimewithourremaininglovedones.

Ⅶ.應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是大學(xué)生李華,你的英國朋友Peter寫信詢問你大學(xué)畢業(yè)后將選擇什么職業(yè),請(qǐng)你給他寫一封回信,要點(diǎn)主要包括以下幾點(diǎn):1.你的職業(yè)選擇;2.給出你的理由;3.期待回信。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.請(qǐng)?jiān)谙鄳?yīng)位置作答。DearPeter,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案Ⅰ.1.employ/mote10.impressiveⅡ.1.wasdeterminedto2.got/gottenemployed3.beopento4.getonwellwith5.supportedby6.morethan7.aremistakenin8.ontheotherhand9.wereunwillingto10.basedonⅢ.1.Itis;than2.Itisusually/generallybelievedthat3.Thereisnodoubtthat4.abetterunderstandingof5.haveahard/hardertimeⅣ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是記敘文。作者是一名科學(xué)家,但是一年一度的進(jìn)展報(bào)告寫作讓作者覺得毫無意義,從中得不到多少的回報(bào)。在一位委員會(huì)成員朋友的啟發(fā)下作者學(xué)會(huì)了在做這樣的任務(wù)時(shí)給自己一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)賞,就是完成任務(wù)后可以做自己喜歡的事情來放松一下。因而作者數(shù)十年來也一直享受自己的職業(yè)。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段中的“Butreportwritingdoesn’tcomewithanyrewardapartfromthemomentarysatisfactionoffinishingsomething.”可知,報(bào)告寫作除了給作者帶來該任務(wù)完成的片刻滿足外沒有任何回報(bào)。因此,作者不喜歡這種報(bào)告寫作。2.B詞義猜測(cè)題。本句意思為“我從未感覺到寫報(bào)告這種文書工作會(huì)促進(jìn)我的科研,而是在消耗我做研究的時(shí)間和精力”。這和作者在首段中表達(dá)不喜歡這種工作意思一致。故此處sapping意為“消耗”。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Headvisedmetothinkaboutdoingsomethingsimilar.”及上下句可知,是作者的一位委員會(huì)成員看到作者這種情況建議作者在完成這種任務(wù)時(shí)給自己一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)賞。故選D項(xiàng)。4.C推理判斷題。全文作者通過自己的經(jīng)歷告訴“我”們,在遇到?jīng)]有多大意義且無趣的工作任務(wù)時(shí),“我”們可以通過給自己一點(diǎn)獎(jiǎng)賞來激勵(lì)自己完成該任務(wù)。作者從中受益匪淺。故選C項(xiàng)?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是記敘文。工程師TalGolesworthy患有馬凡氏綜合征,需要進(jìn)行心臟手術(shù)。他有效地利用自己多年的研發(fā)工程師經(jīng)驗(yàn),用3D打印機(jī)打印出了他部分心臟的真實(shí)復(fù)制品,對(duì)癥制造了主動(dòng)脈外部支撐,并得到了醫(yī)生的支持。最終手術(shù)取得了成功。5.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的內(nèi)容可知,手術(shù)后必須使用血液稀釋劑以防止血凝塊,但這種藥物存在著風(fēng)險(xiǎn),他擔(dān)心會(huì)影響他的整個(gè)生活方式,所以起初他拒絕了手術(shù)。6.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段尾句可知,他認(rèn)為,學(xué)習(xí)新東西和開發(fā)新想法就是他的工作。根據(jù)第四段第一、二句可知,他認(rèn)為,主動(dòng)脈需要外部支撐,在主動(dòng)脈外面裹上東西需要特殊手術(shù)。又結(jié)合下文中的“original”和“hisowninvention”以及介紹的手術(shù)的成功可以判斷,是他的創(chuàng)新精神治好了他。7.C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線部分上句可知,他堅(jiān)定的決心加上新穎而實(shí)用的解決方案為他贏得了兩位一流的外科醫(yī)生的支持,并幫助他籌集了資金來實(shí)現(xiàn)他的想法。根據(jù)本文尾句可知,手術(shù)很成功。結(jié)合該句中的“forhisowninvention”可以判斷,他自己成了此項(xiàng)發(fā)明的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象。故畫線詞意為“實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象”。8.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第一句可知,他堅(jiān)定的決心和新穎而實(shí)用的解決方案為他贏得了兩位一流的外科醫(yī)生的支持,故他是一位有決心的人。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself.”可知,他決定自己想辦法治療心臟,據(jù)此可以判斷,他是一個(gè)勇敢的人?！菊Z篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是議論文。文章主要論述了講故事的技巧在演講中的重要性,建議在演講中正確運(yùn)用故事。9.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Itisnoaccidentthatmanyfilmsandshowsopenwithacrazy,action-packedscenethatdrivesviewerstoask...Thesescenesaredesignedtokeepuswatching.”和第二段中的“Atthebeginningofhertalk,sheshowedaphotoofherselfcrawlingthroughacavetocollectsamples.Theaudienceimmediatelyperkedup...whichmighthaveattractedtheaudiencemorestronglyfromthebeginning.”可知,它們都能激起觀眾的好奇心。故選D項(xiàng)。10.A詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞下文“Startingwiththatimage,wecouldn’twaittoaskwhythisscientistwascrawlingaroundinadangerouscave,whichmighthaveattractedtheaudiencemorestronglyfromthebeginning.”說明,這張照片一開始就吸引觀眾,讓觀眾積極思考,從而推知畫線部分應(yīng)為“被吸引,感興趣,積極”等意思,A項(xiàng)“變得積極起來”與之意義最為接近。故選A項(xiàng)。11.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenscientistsdescribetheirresearchtotheaudienceoutsidetheirprofessionalfield,theyoftenavoiddiscussingpersonaltrialsandsufferings.Instead,theyfocusonlyonpositive,publishedresults.”可知,研究人員通常只是通過簡要地概述結(jié)果來展示他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。12.D主旨大意題。通讀全文,根據(jù)最后一段中“Trytoapplyscreenwritingstrategiestoyourpresentation.(試著在你的演講中運(yùn)用劇本寫作策略。)”以及“There’snothingintheworldmorepowerfulthanagoodstory.(世界上沒有什么比一個(gè)好的故事更強(qiáng)大的了。)”可知,本文主要論述了演講中講故事的技巧。故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅴ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了員工向雇主提出增加薪金前應(yīng)考慮的事情。1.F根據(jù)前文“First,considerwhetheryoudeserveahighersalary.”可知,選項(xiàng)應(yīng)承接上文,說明這么做要向老板解釋原因。F項(xiàng)“Youprobablydo,butyoushouldbeabletoexplainexactlywhytoyourboss.(你可能值得,但你應(yīng)該能夠向你的老板解釋清楚原因。)”符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。2.D根據(jù)前文“Alsoincludeanyprofessionaldevelopmentopportunitiesyouhavetakenadvantageofrecentlyandbereadytoexplainhowtheyhaveimprovedyourperformanceonthejob.”可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)說明做到前述幾項(xiàng),就會(huì)有本句所說情況的出現(xiàn)。D項(xiàng)“Thenyouwillbebetterpreparedwhenyoumeetwithyourboss.(這樣,當(dāng)你和老板見面時(shí),你就會(huì)有更好的準(zhǔn)備。)”切題。故選D項(xiàng)。3.G根據(jù)前文“Youshouldinvestigatetheindustrystandardsforsalariesforpeopleinsimilarpositionswithsimilarlevelsofexperience.”可知,設(shè)空處起承接上文的作用,說明這么做的作用是什么。故選G項(xiàng)“Thiswillhelpyoudeterminewhatwouldbeareasonableamountofmon