選修⑦ Unit 4 課下主題訓(xùn)練 社會(huì)進(jìn)步與人類文明

PAGE第6頁(yè)共6頁(yè)選修⑦Unit4課下主題訓(xùn)練社會(huì)進(jìn)步與人類文明一、主題語(yǔ)基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會(huì)詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識(shí)記)①appear□ ②carriage□③route□ ④anniversary□⑤helicopter□ ⑥r(nóng)ailway□⑦airport□ ⑧passenger□⑨crossroads□ eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))block□?destination□ ?delay□?queue□ ?traffic□?accident□ ?highway□?collision□ ?direction□?schedule□ ?subway□(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)destination，traffic，delay，accident，queue，highway，collision，direction，subway，airport1．Oneinsevenaccidentsiscausedbysleepydrivers.2．Theprincerefusedtojumpthequeuefortreatmentatthelocalhospital.3．Fourpersonswerekilledinacollisionbetweenabusandatrain.4．Thehighwaystretchedoutaheadofmeuntilitnarrowedtoavanishingpointsomemilesaway.5．Thesubwayplaysakeyroleinthecity'stransportationsystem.6．Assoonasyouarriveatyourdestination,_stepoutoftheaircraftandresetyourwristwatch.7．Hedroveoffinthedirectionoftheneareststore.8．Theywerestuckintrafficandmissedtheirflight.Ⅱ.寫出下列句中藍(lán)色詞的漢語(yǔ)意思1．Thespecialplanedidnotflytheusualcommercialroute.路線2．Eachpassengerwasallowedtwo30-kgpiecesofluggage.乘客3．ThePresident-electfollowedinanopencarriagedrawnbysixbeautifulgrayhorses.馬車4．Aftertoday'sheavysnow,manyroadsarestillblocked.堵塞5．Thehelicoptertookoffandheadednorth.Thenitliedwest,headingforthehills.直升飛機(jī)6．Arailwayisaroutebetweentwoplacesalongwhichtrainstravelonsteelrails.鐵路7．The200thanniversaryofMozart'sdeathisbeingcommemoratedaroundtheworldwithconcertsfeaturinghiswork.周年紀(jì)念日Ⅲ.用本單元詞匯替換/升級(jí)加黑詞匯1．Timepassed,andstillMadidnotappear.turn_up2．Thesportsmeetinghasbeendelayeduntiltomorrowduetobadweather.put_off3．Hechecksthetrainschedulebuthedoesn'tbuytickets.timetable二、主題語(yǔ)篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解ThepopulationofthecapitalLuxembourgCitydoubleseveryworkingdaythankstothefloodofworkers,andinthemorningandeveningrushhours,thereoftencomestrafficblock.It'safamiliardifficultproblembutherethey'vecomeupwithanovelsolution.Fromnextyearpublictransportwillbefreeforeveryone.Thenumberofpeopletakingthepublictransportisfarfromwhatisexpectedandsothisideahasbeenbroughtup,whichofcourseresultsinsomeargument.Thisiswhat'sbeingbuilt,anewtramsystemthatwilllinktrainsinpark-and-rideprogramsdesignedtomakefreepublictransportsmoothandattractive.ThisisabigattemptbytheLuxembourggovernmentintowhetherpeoplecanbemadetochangethewaytheybehave,becausefreepublictransportisgreatforexistingcommuters.Butthequestioniswhetherdriverscanbepersuadedtochangetheircarsandtrafficjamsforcommutingonpublictransport.Thedesignerfirmlybelievesthesystemissogoodandeffective.Everyonewillwanttouseit.Everyonecanuseit,youngorold,richorpoor,andeveryonecansaytothemselvesit'sbettertoleavethecarathome.Butothersconsideritquestionable.Taxidriversdon'tseemworriedabouttramsstealingtheirtrade.Businessmenwhocomeherearenevergoingtotakepublictransport.They'lltakeataxibecausetheyhavemeetingstogetto.SoLuxembourg'splanisreallyatest,andit'sonethatplentyofbiggernationswillbewatching.Asweknow,thewaywemovearoundshapesourcities,ourlives,ourworkandourenvironment.Luxembourgisaverysmallcountrybutthiscouldbeaverybigidea.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了為了減少交通堵塞，盧森堡計(jì)劃免費(fèi)提供公共交通。文章從政府、設(shè)計(jì)者、出租車司機(jī)三方面介紹了他們各自對(duì)這一做法的看法。1．WhydoesLuxembourgCityplantomakepublictransportfree?A．Toreducetrafficjams.B．Toattractmorebusinessmen.C．Toencouragepeopletoavoidrushhours.D．Tohelpitscitizenstravelmorecomfortably.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，盧森堡計(jì)劃免費(fèi)提供公共交通是為了減少交通堵塞。故選A。2．Whatcanweinferabouttheresultoftheplan?A．Taxidrivers'businesswillbebadlyaffected.B．Morepeoplewillchoosetodrivetoandfromwork.C．People'sdailybehaviorwillbecompletelychanged.D．Takingpublictransportcansavemoneyforcommuters.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句可知，這個(gè)計(jì)劃的結(jié)果是，乘坐公共交通工具可以為往返上班者省錢。故選D。3．Howdoesthedesignerfeelaboutthesystem?A．Hopeless. B．Concerned.C．Confident. D．Regretful.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Thedesignerfirmlybelievesthesystemissogoodandeffective.”可知，設(shè)計(jì)者對(duì)這個(gè)系統(tǒng)有信心。故選C。4．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?A．TolistthetrafficproblemsLuxembourgfaces.B．ToshowhowLuxembourgcontrolsitspopulation.C．TogivepeopleadviceonhowtogetaroundLuxembourg.D．TointroduceLuxembourg'snewpublictransportmeasure.解析：選D寫作目的題。通讀全文特別是第一段可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹盧森堡新的公共交通措施。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Lovethemorhatethem,trafficlawsexisttokeeppeoplesafeandtohelpvehiclesflowsmoothly.__1__.Mostpedestriansusewalkingrulesasawaytoreducediscomfortandtoimproveefficiency.Insideabuilding,differenttechniquesareusedtoencouragepedestriantrafficpatterns.Oneexampleissignsthatencouragepedestriansto“standtotheright”onescalators(扶梯).Riderswillusetherighthalfofthestepiftheyarestandingandthelefthalfifthey'rewalking.InLondon,therewasa27%increaseinthehourlycapacitybychangingtoa“standingonly”policyonacrowdedescalatoratasubwaystation.__2__.Butthechangewasquarrelsome.Socialtraditionintransporthasoftenfavoredtheindividualtraveler.Forexample,allowingpeopletowalkuptheleftdoesallowsomeindividualstomovefaster,eventhoughitreducesthecapacityoftheescalatorandslowsdowntheoveralltraveltimeforothers.__3__.However,walkers'variedspeedsrelativetotherestofthetrafficreducesoverallefficiency.Toimprovethewholesystem,thesystem-levelefficiencyiswhatshouldbeconsidered.__4__.Inthesesituations,pedestrianstendtowalkmuchslowerthanwheninalow-densityspace.Thisslowerpaceiscausedbybothalackofspace,aswellastheneedforeachpedestriantomakemoredecisions.Sowhenpeopleapproachanescalator,they'lloftenjustdowhatthepersonimmediatelyaheadofthemisdoing.Ifthepersoninfrontofthemwalks,theywalk.Ifthepersoninfrontofthemstands,theystand.__5__.A．AllittakesissomeonetostartthetrendB．YoucanchoosetostandoneithersideoftheescalatorC．ThischangewillhelpanyonereachthedestinationfastD．ThepolicyallowedmorepeopletomovethroughthestationE．Similarly,pedestriantrafficfollowsitsownsetofunwrittenrulesF．Engineersconsideralotofpedestriansinoneareaahigh-densitycrowdG．Usingoneoftheescalatorlanesforwalkingcanhelpthepedestrianexitmorequickly語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。交通規(guī)則讓交通保持秩序，而乘電梯時(shí)也有一些不成文的規(guī)則，人們會(huì)根據(jù)前面的人所做的事情來(lái)決定自己的行為方式。1．解析：選E根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容可知，和所有車輛必須遵守交通規(guī)則一樣，行人也遵循一些不成文的規(guī)則。故E項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。2．解析：選D根據(jù)上文可知，“僅限站立”的規(guī)定能讓更多人在車站流通。故選D。3．解析：選G根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容和下文的“However,walkers'variedspeedsrelativetotherestofthetrafficreducesoverallefficiency”可知，使用電梯的其中一邊行走可以幫助行人更快出去，然而行人的速度會(huì)阻礙整體的效率。故選G。4．解析：選F根據(jù)下文的“Inthesesituations,pedestrianstendtowalkmuchslowerthanwheninalow-densityspace”可知，在人流較密集的地方，行人通常走得比較慢；而在人流較少的地方，行人通常走得更快。故選F。5．解析：選A根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)人們靠近電梯時(shí)，他們會(huì)根據(jù)前面的人是走還是站來(lái)決定自己是走還是站，故A項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Alicehadjustbeenappointedinthemultinationalbank.Afteronemonthofseveretraining,todaywasherfirstdaytogotowork.Shegotupabitearlierthanusual,anddecidedtoskiphergymworkoutasshedidnotwanttoriskbeingtiredorgettinglatetoherofficeonherfirstday.Shewentthroughhermorningroutineandspentalotoftimeinselectingwhattowear.Noneofherdressesseemedtoappealtoher—theywereeitheralittletoocasualortoodullandshedefinitelywantedtomakeanimpressionrightfromthestart.Finallyshesettledonthewhiteembroidered(刺繡的)dress.Shewavedbyetohermomandsetoffcheerfullytowardsthebusstop.Butshesawabusleavingthestopjustasshecrossedthestreet.Nowshewouldhavetowaitforagood15minutes.15minutespassedandthen30minutesandtherewasnosignofthebus.“Itmustbestuckinheavytraffic，”akindladywhowasalsowaitingforthebustoldher.Hearingthat,Alicegotanxious.Shehadtoreachherofficeontime.Thenshesawataxiapproachingbutwhenshetriedtostopit,thetaxidriverspedbywithouteventakingaglanceather.Alicewaswonderingwhatshecoulddo.Itwasthenthatacarstoppednearherandamanwavedtoher.ThedriveraskedherwhereshewasgoingandafterAlicetoldhimthatshewasgoingtothebankatNarimanPoint,themansaid,“Oh,myofficeisinthenearbybuilding.CanIgiveyoualift？”Alicehesitatedforamomentandgotintothecar.Theyexchangednamesandbegantotalkforawhile.Thenthedriverswitchedontheradioandwasabsorbedinthesong.Alicelookedoutofthewindowandimaginedherfirstdayatwork,worryingwhethershewascapableofthenewjob,andifshecouldgetalongwellwithhercolleagues.Afterabouttenminutes,Alicerealizedtheywerenotonthefamiliarroutetoheroffice.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Shebegantoworrythatshemightgetintothecarofabadman.ThenthecarturnedaroundacornerandAlicesawthetallbuildingwhereherofficewasunexpectedly.