專題3.冠詞考點聚焦和精講 （原卷版）

冠詞考點聚焦和精講【中考冠詞考點聚焦】不定冠詞a與an的用法；定冠詞the的用法；3、“零”冠詞的用法。一不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞a/an用在單數(shù)名詞的前面,a用在輔音開頭的詞前面;an用在元音開頭的詞的前面。不定冠詞的基本用法：(1)表示某一個人或東西,但不具體說明何人或何物。Thereisdoglyingontheground.(有一只狗躺在地上。)(2)表示某類人或事物,以區(qū)別于其他種類。elephantismuchstrongerthanman.(大象比人強壯多了。)(不能譯為：一頭大象比一個人強壯。)(3)表示某類人或事物中的任何一個。HeisteacherofEnglish.(他是英語教師。)(4)表示“一”這個數(shù)量。Thereistableandfourchairsinthatdiningroom.(在那個餐廳里有一張桌子和四把椅子。)(5)幾個用不定冠詞的習(xí)語：abit(一點),alittle(一點),afew(幾個),alot(許多),akindof(一種),apairof(一副、一雙),anumberof(大量的),apieceof(一張、一片),halfanhour(半小時),haveagoodtime(玩得開心),haveacold(感冒),makeanoise(發(fā)出嘈雜聲),have/takea(rest等)(休息)一會兒,等等。二定冠詞用法定冠詞的基本用法：(1)表示特指的人或事物。ThemanwithaflowerinhishandisJack..(手上拿著一朵花的男人是杰克)(2)指談話雙方都熟悉的人或事物。Lookattheblackboard,Lily.(莉莉,請看黑板。)(3)復(fù)述前面提到過的人或事物。Thereisamanunderthetree.ThemaniscalledRobert.(樹下有個人,那個人叫羅伯特。)(4)表示世界上獨一無二的事物。Theearthturnsaroundthesun.(地球繞太陽旋轉(zhuǎn)。)(5)用在表示方位的名詞前面。TherewillbestrongwindtothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.(長江以南地區(qū)將會刮大風(fēng)。)(6)在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級的前面。Whoisthefirstonetogo?(誰第一個去？)Ofallthestars,thesunisthenearesttotheearth.(在所有的恒星之中太陽離地球最近)(7)常用在樂器名稱的前面。Hebegantoplaytheviolinattheageof5.(五歲時他開始拉小提琴)(8)用在江河、海洋、山脈等名稱的前面。IhaveneverbeentotheHimalayaMountains.(我從來沒有去過喜馬拉雅山)(9)用在含有普通名詞的專有名詞的前面。HeisfromtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.(他來自美利堅合眾國)(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。TheGreensaregoingtoMountEmeinextmonth.(下個月格林一家要去峨眉山)(11)same之前一般用the。LucyandLilylookthesame.(露西和莉莉看上去長得一樣)(12)幾個用定冠詞的習(xí)語：atthesametime(與此同時),makethebed(鋪床),intheend(最后),allthetime(一直),bytheway(順便說一下),ontheway(在路上)等等。三不用冠詞的情況（即“零”冠詞的用法）(1)專有名詞和(第一次使用)一些不可數(shù)名詞時前面通常不用。Chinaisaverylargecountry.(中國是個大國)Manneedsairandwater.(人類需要空氣和水)(2)名詞前已有指示、物主或不定代詞作定語時不用。Mypenismuchmoreexpensivethanyours.(我的鋼筆比你的昂貴多了)(3)周名,月名或季節(jié)名前一般不用。HewasbornonMonday,February18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一)Theyusuallyplanttreesonthehillsinspring.(春天他們通常在山上植樹)(4)(第一次使用)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示人或事物的類別時不用。Menareclevererthanmonkeys.(人比猴子聰明)(5)三餐飯前不用。Wehavebreakfastathomeandlunchatschool.(我們在家吃早飯,在校吃午飯)(6)節(jié)、假日前一般不用。OnChildren’sDaytheboysoftengetpresentsfromtheirparents.(在兒童節(jié),這些男孩經(jīng)常得到父母的禮物)(7)球類名詞前不用。ThechildrenplayfootballonSaturdayafternoons.(孩子們星期六下午踢足球)(8)城市的重要/主要建筑物名稱前不用。TheyarenowatPeople’sCinema.(他們此刻在人民電影院)(9)一些習(xí)慣用語中不用。⑴at/to/from/outof/after/forschool;⑵in/to/for/afterclass;⑶in/to/outof/intobed;⑷after/at/from/outof/towork;⑸at/tosea;⑹in/from/down/totown;⑺at/fromhome;⑻at/for/tobreakfast/lunch/supper;⑼atnight/noon/midnight;⑽onfoot;⑾gotoschool/bed;⑿ontopof;⒀infrontof;⒁onshow/display/duty/watch;⒂in/outofhospital;⒃atall;⒄on/intime;⒅atfirst/last/once;⒆inChinese/English,etc.;⒇takecareof四．冠詞的位置⑴通常情況：冠詞位于名詞前，若名詞前有形容詞修飾，冠詞要放在形容詞之前。abeautifulflower;anhour。⑵特殊情況：①不定冠詞在half,such,what,many之后。suchanicegirl(=soniceagirl)//halfanhourManyastudenthaspassedtheexam.(=Manystudentshavepassedtheexam.)Whatabeautifulflower!(=Howbeautifulaflower!)②不定冠詞在as,so,how,too修飾的形容詞之后。Howcoldadayitis!(=Whatacolddayitis!)③副詞quite和rather可置于不定冠詞之前。It’squiteanicehorse.(=It’saverynicehorse)//It’sratherahotdaytoday.(=It’saveryhotdaytoday)④當(dāng)名詞由both或all,whole修飾時，定冠詞須放在both或all之后,whole之前。allthestudents,boththechildren,thewholestory題組1用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空1.EdwenttostudyartinParisandbecameartist.

2.Yourbestfriendistellingyoujoke,butyoucan'tcatchit!

3.Andmyfatherisengineer.Heisbusyeveryday,buthetriestospendmoretimewithus.

4.Butfishliveinverydifferentworldfromus.

5.LiWenliveswithhisgrandparentsinthecountryside.Heis14yearoldboy.

6.ItwasfirstdevelopedinChinaaswushu,butit'sbeingoneofmostpopularsportsaroundtheworld.

7.Inthekitchen,therewassurpriseforClaudio—hisfavoritepancakes.

8.What'samazingisthatBethhasn'teverbeentodrumlesson.

9.Butwithsocialdistancing(社交距離)rulesinUnitedStates,manysummercampsfacedifficultdecisions.

10.Forfirsttimeinhislife,MrHappylosthissmile.

11.Itookhimtoputerinmyroomandsaid,“Righthere.”

12.Somehadpracticedwithprivatechessteachers,butTanihadpracticedonfloorofthehomelessshelteralone.

13.JosephhaswrittenbookcalledFacingtheLion.Inthebook,hetalksabouthischildhood.

14.Florencewasunusualyoungwomanforhertime,becauseshedidn'twanttogotopartiesandgetmarried.

15.Thereisancientcastle(城堡)andwe'regoingtherenextweek.

題組2填空題1.TheUnitedNationsisinternationalorganization,whichismeanttoencouragecountriestoworktogetherondifferentopinionswithouttheuseofwar.

2.Eachstudenttriedtodescribetheblackdot,butnoonewroteaboutwhiteareaaroundthedot.

3.Andbambooplayedimportantroleinit.

4.WuhanisoneoflargestandmostbeautifulcitiesinChina.

5.Soon,anotherbusdriverandambulance(救護(hù)車)arrivedtohelp.Theysentthedrivertothehospital.

6.Wishthetraincouldbelessnoisy?Theremightbesolutionforyou.

7.WangDewen,greatChinesewoodworker,livesinWuzhou,SouthChina'sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.

8.Thenhewenttothemarket,butnobodywantedtopayagoldcoinforsuchuglyring.

9.Thenhehandedhissonbag.Insidethebagwereclothes,somefood,alittlemoneyandamap.

10.Laterthatnight,Imadedecision.

11.Theamazingonewasthattheyhadtoexchangethingsworththousandsofyuanwithonlyapieceofpaperinhalfhour.

12.Thenstrongoldfarmer,namedPeter,camealong.

13.Butthebottlewastooslippery(滑的)andhedroppedit.kitchenfloorwascoveredinmilk.

14.Manypeoplewelethecity'sgrowth.ButnumberofDubainativesworryaboutthespeedofchange.

題組1．（2023·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—DoyouknowJourneytotheWest?—Yes.It’s________interestingbook.Ilikeitverymuch.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/2．（2023·山東青島·統(tǒng)考中考真題）IwatchedTheWanderingEarthⅡlastnight.Itis________wonderfulfilm.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/3．（2023·山東東營·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Aftertaking________classfromTiangongspacestationonOctober12th,2022,Ibecameinterestedinscience.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/4．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Bettybegantoplay________violinattheageoffour.—Nowondersheplayssowell.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/5．（2023·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Jamesis_______hardworkingengineer.Hisspiritencouragesus.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/6．（2023·遼寧沈陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThespiritofLeiFengalwaysencouragesustogive________handtoothers.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．不填7．（2023·新疆·中考真題）—HaveyouheardofXuFengcan,___________excellentpilot?—Yes,shemadeeveryefforton___________waytogrowingintoarealpilot.A．the；/ B．the；a C．a(chǎn)n；the D．a(chǎn)n；/8．（2023·遼寧營口·中考真題）China’spandaYaYafinished________30daystayinShanghaiafterlandinginChinaandthenwassenttoBeijingZooin________May.A．a(chǎn);a B．a(chǎn);the C．the;a D．a(chǎn);/9．（2023·吉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Jennyorderedahamburgerand________hamburgerwasnice.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the10．（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Bobismybrother.Helikesplaying________basketball,buthedoesn’tlikeplaying________piano.A．the;a B．/;the C．a(chǎn)n;the11．（2023·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—I’dliketohelpkidswiththeirschoolwork.—Youcouldvolunteerin________afterschoolstudyprogramtoteachthem.A．the B．a(chǎn)n C．a(chǎn)12．（2023·山東菏澤·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Isthisyourpen?—No,itisn’t.________redoneismine.A．A B．An C．The題組4.語法選擇Thereweretwomenwholivednexttoeachother.Oneofthemwasaretiredteacherand1otherwas2insuranceagent(保險代理人).Bothofthemhadplantedmanydifferentplantsintheirgardens.3retiredteacherrarelywateredhisplantsanddidn'tpay4lotofattentiontothem.But5hisneighborwasverycarefulwithhisplantsandwateredthemoften.

Theretiredteacher'splantsweresmall,butstilllookedokay,whiletheinsuranceagent'splantsweremuchbiggerandgreener.Onenight,therewasheavyrainandwinddueto6minor(較小的)storm.7nextmorning,bothoftheneighborscameouttocheckontheirgardens.Theinsuranceagentsawthathisplantshadbeenrippedfrom8groundandweretotallydestroyed.Buttheretiredteacher'splantswerenotdamagedatallbutstoodfirm.

Theinsuranceagentwassurprised.Hewenttoconsult(咨詢)theretiredteacher.“Webothgrew9sameplantsandIcaredformyplantsbetterthanyoudid.Howcouldyourplantsstillbeokay?”

Theretiredteachersmiledandsaid,“Becauseyougaveyourplantstoomuchattention.Youmadeittoo