高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 單元檢測(cè)卷4 Unit 4 Earthquakes 試題

Unit4EarthquakesⅠ.閱讀理解AMikeGodwinisanAmericanlawyerandauthorwhoinvented“Godwin'sLaw”in1990whenhemadethefollowingstatement：Asanonlinediscussiongrowslonger,acomparisoninvolvingNazisorHitlerisverylikelytobemade.Godwin'sLawisapplicabletoonlinediscussionsinforums,chatrooms,andonblogs.ThetermhasearnedaplaceintheOxfordEnglishDictionary：Godwin'sLaw:noun.Afacetiousaphorism(有趣的格言)maintainingthatasanonlinedebateincreasesinlength,itbecomescertainthatsomeonewilleventuallycomparesomeoneorsomethingtoAdolfHitlerortheNazis.Although__coined__todescribeanInternetphenomenon,thetermisbeingappliedtotheuseof“theNazicard”inothercontexts.Acomplaintbymanyforumusersisthattheso-calledlawisendingdiscussion.OnemakesaNazicomparisonandanothercries,“YousaidHitler,soIwin！”Atthatpoint,thediscussionends.Thetermhascreatedaverb,“toGodwin，”asin,“YouGodwinedthisdiscussion！”ThementionofGodwin'sLawhascometobeseenasawaytoendanonlinediscussion.Hereisacomplaintvoicedbyaforumuser：ItseemslikeGodwin'sLawisbecomingarealproblemforanysortofdiscussionontheinternet.WheneverHitler,orNazis,isbroughtupinadiscussion,thediscussionisthenoverandtheposterwhomentionedthesubjectislaughedat.ThiswouldbeaproblemifpeoplementionGodwin'sLawwhentheHitler/Nazimentionisrelevanttothetopicathand.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文為說(shuō)明文，介紹了高德溫法則的來(lái)歷以及意義，并舉例對(duì)其進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。1．Whatwillcertainlyhappenaccordingto“Godwin'sLaw”iftheonlinediscussionislengthened?A．Thedebaterswillmaintaintheirjustice.B．ThedebaterswillmentionHitlerorNazis.C．Thedebaterswillearnaplaceintheforum.D．Thedebaterswillbecomeverysickandtired.解析B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，當(dāng)網(wǎng)上辯論時(shí)間變長(zhǎng)時(shí)，參加討論的人非常有可能會(huì)提到希特勒或者納粹分子，故選B項(xiàng)。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coined”inthefifthparagraphmeanprobably?A．Built. B．Adapted.C．Classified. D．Invented.解析D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段可知，Godwin'sLaw這個(gè)詞一開(kāi)始是用來(lái)描述網(wǎng)絡(luò)現(xiàn)象的，后來(lái)又開(kāi)始用于其他情境，所以該畫線詞表示“創(chuàng)造(新詞語(yǔ))”，故選D項(xiàng)。3．Whatisthementionof“Godwin'sLaw”viewedasinadiscussion?A．Awayofobjection. B．Awayofcomplaint.C．Awayofendingit. D．Awayofcreatingwords.解析C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第一句和第七段第一句以及兩段中給出的具體例子可知，某討論一旦出現(xiàn)這樣的類比即意味著結(jié)束，故選C項(xiàng)。B(2018·遼寧五校高三模擬)Shortnessofbreathhasmanydifferentcauses,andthetreatmentofitisspecificforeachcause.4．__________Thereare,however,somefollowingfirstaidstepsyoucanusetotreatit,atleastuntiltheambulancearrivesoryou'reabletogetthevictimtoahospital.5．__________Themoreenergyyouspend,themoreoxygenyouuseandthemoreshortofbreathyoufeel.Thinkaboutagoodworkoutatthegym.Exercisehardenoughandyouwillfeelshortofbreath.Thecure?Takeabreak.Letthevictimsit,standorliewhere'sthemostcomfortable.There'relotsofmythsabouthowsomebodypositionssupposedlyprovidemoreairflow.Coachesregularlytellplayerstoholdtheirarmsabovetheirheadstomaximizechestexpansion.Nursingstaffassumethe“tripodposition”isthebestposition.6．__________Useoxygen.Thisisaspecialcaseusedonlyforpeoplewithchroniclungproblems.Ifthevictimhasoxygenavailable,thisiswhatit'sfor.7．__________Thevictimmayhavebeentoldbyhisorherdoctorthattoomuchoxygenfortoolongmightcausemoreproblems.Assurethevictimthatsuddenincreasesinshortnessofbreatharetheinstancesinwhichoxygenisneededmost.Treatthecauseofshortnessofbreath.8．__________Asthmapatients,forexample,oftenhavemultipletoolsanddrugstofixsuddenshortnessofbreath.Victimsoflunginfectionsmayneedtoseeadoctorandheartattackvictimsmayneedanambulance.A．Havethevictimrest.B．Takemoreexerciseatthegym.C．Thevictimshouldusehisorheroxygenasdirectedbyadoctor.D．There'remanycausesofshortnessofbreathandmanyofthemaretreatable.E．Thevictimcantrytoavoidmakinguseofhisorheroxygenwheneverpossible.F．Everypersonisdifferent,however,soletthevictimdecidewhatpositionisthemostcomfortable.G．Inmanycases,theonlywaytotreatshortnessofbreathistocall911ortakethevictimtoadoctor.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文為說(shuō)明文，主要講述了呼吸困難的發(fā)生有很多原因，同時(shí)提出了四種急救方法。4．解析G順承關(guān)系。本段主要講呼吸困難有很多原因，治療呼吸困難有不同的方法，因此空處應(yīng)講治療呼吸困難的一般方法，且與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選G項(xiàng)。5．解析A總分關(guān)系。根據(jù)本段中的Thecure?Takeabreak可知，本段主要講讓患者休息這種方法，故選A項(xiàng)。6．解析F遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。根據(jù)第三段的主題句可知，此處表示每個(gè)人感覺(jué)舒服的姿勢(shì)都不同，所以空處應(yīng)講讓病人決定最舒服的姿勢(shì)，故選F項(xiàng)。7．解析C遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。根據(jù)本段的主題句可以判斷，此處指要在醫(yī)生指導(dǎo)下使用氧氣，故選C項(xiàng)。8．解析D順承關(guān)系。根據(jù)空處上下文可以判斷，此處表示呼吸困難有很多原因，并且其中很多都是可以治療的，故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.完形填空Sarahlivedonafarmwithherfamily.Shewas__1__tolearntotrack,toidentifyeachpersonandwheretheyweregoingbythemarkstheyleftontheground.Andifherfathercouldn'tteachher,she'dteachherself.Tothe__2__ofherfamily,sheborrowedalltheir__3__andtaughtherselftorecognizeeveryone'sfootprintsinthesand.Morethanonceherfathercameoutsideshouting,“Sarah,bringme__4__myboots.”Sarahdevelopedthehabitofwalkingaroundwithhereyesfixedontheground,__5__thecomingsandgoingsofevery__6__intheplace.Shealsodevelopedtheannoyinghabitof__7__everyone.“Whatwereyoudoingdownatthedam,Jack?You'renot__8__toplaythere.”“Didyoufindwhatyouwere__9__inthegarage,Auntie？”and“Whowasthestrangervisitingtodaywearingsizetenboots,Mum？”Aftershe'd__10__everypairofshoesthateveryone__11__,_sheturnedtothefarm'sanimals.Bythistime__12__hervictimshadtoadmit,__13__,_thatshewasgood.Herbest__14__cameoneeveningwhenshesaidthehorse'sfrontfootwas__15__.Herfathersaidthatthehorsewas__16__fine.Sarah__17__thatitshoof(蹄)hadasplit.Sarah'sfather__18__thehorse'shoof.“You're__19__.Thehoofissplit.Howdidyouknow？”“Youcanseeitinits__20__.”Sarahmovedthehorseaway.“Look,it'splaininthesand.”“Ifyoucantellithasasplithooffromthatsand,you'reprettygood，”saidherfather.語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀本文為記敘文，講述了薩拉學(xué)習(xí)通過(guò)腳印來(lái)跟蹤、識(shí)別人的技術(shù)的故事。1．A．determined B．forcedC．a(chǎn)ppointed D．encouraged解析A根據(jù)下文中的Andifherfathercouldn'tteachher,she'dteachherself可知，如果她的父親不教她，她就自學(xué)；據(jù)此可以判斷，她決心學(xué)習(xí)通過(guò)別人留下來(lái)的足跡跟蹤、識(shí)別人的技術(shù)。bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事，為固定搭配，故選A項(xiàng)。2．A.expectation B．a(chǎn)nnoyanceC．disappointment D．delight解析B根據(jù)下文中的Morethanonceherfathercameoutsideshouting可知，她的父親不止一次朝她發(fā)火；由此可以判斷，她的行為給家人帶來(lái)了煩惱(annoyance)。下文中的Shealsodevelopedtheannoyinghabitof也是提示，故選B項(xiàng)。3．A.shoes B．booksC．socks D．tools解析A根據(jù)該句中的taughtherselftorecognizeeveryone'sfootprintsinthesand和下文中的bringme____4____myboots可知，她借來(lái)了所有家人的鞋子(shoe)來(lái)自學(xué)識(shí)別沙地中每個(gè)人的腳印，故選A項(xiàng)。4．A.up B．outsideC．over D．back解析D根據(jù)上文可知，薩拉借來(lái)了家人的鞋子來(lái)自學(xué)識(shí)別沙地中每個(gè)人的腳??；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可以判斷，此處表示“薩拉，把我的靴子拿回來(lái)(back)”，故選D項(xiàng)。5．A.guiding B．hearingC．studying D．predicting解析C根據(jù)該句中的Sarahdevelopedthehabitofwalkingaroundwithhereyesfixedontheground可知，薩拉養(yǎng)成了走路時(shí)眼睛盯著地面的習(xí)慣以研究(study)每個(gè)來(lái)往的人的足跡，故選C項(xiàng)。6．A.vehicle B．personC．a(chǎn)nimal D．season解析B根據(jù)第一段第二句中的toidentifyeachperson并結(jié)合上題解析可知選B項(xiàng)。7．A.surprising B．criticisingC．questioning D．challenging解析C根據(jù)下文中的幾個(gè)問(wèn)句可知，她養(yǎng)成了令人厭惡的習(xí)慣，即質(zhì)詢(question)每個(gè)人，故選C項(xiàng)。8．A.prepared B．invitedC．qualified D．a(chǎn)llowed解析D根據(jù)上文的Whatwereyoudoingdownatthedam,Jack可知，薩拉在質(zhì)詢杰克為什么在大壩上；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，人是不被允許(allow)在大壩上面玩的，故選D項(xiàng)。9．A.callingfor B．lookingforC．waitingfor D．fightingfor解析B根據(jù)該句中的Didyoufind可知，該句句意：伯母，你在車庫(kù)中找到你要尋找(lookfor)的東西了嗎？故選B項(xiàng)。10．A.worn B．collectedC．destroyed D．memorised解析D根據(jù)該句中的sheturnedtothefarm'sanimals可知，在她記住(memorise)了每個(gè)人的鞋子之后，她將注意力轉(zhuǎn)向了農(nóng)場(chǎng)的動(dòng)物，故選D項(xiàng)。11．A.owned B．borrowedC．tried D．bought解析A參見(jiàn)上題解析。12．A.yet B．evenC．a(chǎn)lso D．still解析B根據(jù)該句中的hervictimshadtoadmit和thatshewasgood可知，甚至(even)她的“受害人”也不得不承認(rèn)她是優(yōu)秀的，故選B項(xiàng)。13．A.guiltily B．a(chǎn)pprovinglyC．merrily D．unwillingly解析D根據(jù)該句中的hervictimshadtoadmit和thatshewasgood可以判斷，她的“受害人”也不情愿地(unwillingly)承認(rèn)她是優(yōu)秀的，故選D項(xiàng)。14．A.performance B．trickC．magic D．idea解析A根據(jù)上文中的admit,__13__,thatshewasgood可知，她的“受害人”也承認(rèn)她的識(shí)別技術(shù)很好；結(jié)合該句語(yǔ)境可知，她的最好表現(xiàn)(performance)是一個(gè)晚上她說(shuō)馬的前蹄受傷了，故選A項(xiàng)。15．A.tied B．lostC．injured D．stolen解析C根據(jù)下文中的thatitshoof(蹄)hadasplit可知，馬的蹄部有一個(gè)裂口；據(jù)此可知，她說(shuō)馬的前蹄受傷(injure)了，故選C項(xiàng)。16．A.safely B．extremelyC．hardly D．perfectly解析D根據(jù)下文中的thatitshoof(蹄)hadasplit可知，馬的蹄部有一個(gè)裂口；結(jié)合該句Herfathersaidthehorsewas____16____fine可以判斷，她的父親與她的觀點(diǎn)相反，認(rèn)為馬的健康狀況非常(perfectly)好，故選D項(xiàng)。17．A.doubted B．wonderedC．insisted D．discovered解析C根據(jù)該句Sarah____17____thatitshoof(蹄)hadasplit并結(jié)合上句可知，薩拉堅(jiān)持(insist)說(shuō)馬的蹄部有一個(gè)裂口，故選C項(xiàng)。18．A.inspected B．splitC．treated D．fastened解析A根據(jù)上句可知，薩拉堅(jiān)持說(shuō)馬的蹄部有一個(gè)裂口，結(jié)合該句的內(nèi)容可以判斷，薩拉的父親檢查(inspect)了馬的蹄部，故選A項(xiàng)。19．A.lying B．jokingC．right D．crazy解析C根據(jù)下文的Thehoofissplit.Howdidyouknow可知，薩拉的父親知道了馬的前蹄確實(shí)受傷了，故該句應(yīng)為：你是正確的(right)，故選C項(xiàng)。20．A.boots B．tracksC．jumps D．hoofs解析B根據(jù)下文的Look,it'splaininthesand可以判斷，該句句意：你可以從馬的足跡(track)看到那個(gè)裂口，故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)DearEditor，I'mtheonlydaughterofmyparents.Sotheyeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(are))/eq\f(worried,worry)①about