重難點(diǎn)27閱讀理解之說(shuō)明文-2023年中考英語(yǔ)【熱點(diǎn)·重點(diǎn)·難點(diǎn)】專練(全國(guó)通用)(原卷版)

專項(xiàng)五中考題型重難點(diǎn)27閱讀理解之說(shuō)明文 ＂英語(yǔ)說(shuō)明文＂，顧名思義，就是一種以＂說(shuō)明、解釋＂為主要表達(dá)方式的英語(yǔ)文體。它是對(duì)客觀事物的性狀、特點(diǎn)、功能和用途等作科學(xué)解說(shuō)的。它既不像故事那樣重在情節(jié)的敘述和描寫，也不像議論文那樣，重在闡明主張和論點(diǎn)論據(jù)；更不像科幻作品那樣富于想象和虛構(gòu)夸張。說(shuō)明文是通過(guò)解說(shuō)事物、闡明事理，使人們?cè)鲩L(zhǎng)知識(shí)和技能。說(shuō)明文閱讀理解的特征一般說(shuō)來(lái)，英語(yǔ)說(shuō)明文與其他文體一樣，文章所涉及的內(nèi)容不外乎以下幾個(gè)方面，即who→what→when→where→how→why。1.who：?jiǎn)柕氖沁@篇文章的主體是誰(shuí)？（即所要說(shuō)明和描述的人或事物）2.what：?jiǎn)柕氖侵黧w做了什么事情？（即主體表現(xiàn)出的特性、功能和用途）3.when和where：是在何時(shí)何地發(fā)生的？（即何時(shí)何地所表現(xiàn)出的特性、功能和用途）4.how：通過(guò)什么方式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的？5.why：這種特性功能用途的原因是什么？做說(shuō)明文閱讀理解題的時(shí)候，一定要記住上面的wh-word。邊閱讀，邊搜記，牢記要點(diǎn)，把握全文。說(shuō)明文是中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題中的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容之一。說(shuō)明文具有與自己特點(diǎn)相適應(yīng)的說(shuō)明方法，因此說(shuō)明文結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)多，易于拉開考生分?jǐn)?shù)檔次，便于分層次選拔人才。然而對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō)說(shuō)明文抽象度高，解題難度大。中考對(duì)說(shuō)明文的考查多為科普知識(shí)，動(dòng)植物特性、自然現(xiàn)象和新產(chǎn)品、新工藝介紹以及人文地理、風(fēng)土人情等方面的說(shuō)明文，文中解釋性、定義性、說(shuō)明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握說(shuō)明文的命題特點(diǎn)，敘述方式，以冷靜的心態(tài)閱讀原文，重點(diǎn)突破長(zhǎng)句結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和邏輯關(guān)系，以便對(duì)其做出準(zhǔn)確的語(yǔ)意理解。再者不少省市包括比較偏僻地區(qū)中考語(yǔ)篇選擇上內(nèi)容都比較新穎，更不回避熱點(diǎn)話題。典例解析（2022·廣西桂林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）China’sTwenty-fourSolarTermsisconsideredtobethecountry’sfifthgreatinvention.IthasbeenaddedtoUNESCO’sListofIntangibleCulturalHeritage(聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄).TheTwenty-fourSolarTermswasinventedbyancientChinese.Atthattime,mostpeoplewerefarmers.Theyhadtolearnaboutthemovementofthesuninayearanddothefarmingaccordingly.TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsshowsthechangesofclimate,seasonsandsomebiologicalphenomena(生物現(xiàn)象).Forexample,RainWaterisbetweenFebruary18thandFebruary20th.Whenitcomes,thetemperaturegoesup,snowmeltsandtherewillbemoreandmorerain.StartofSpring,StartofSummer,StartofAutumnandStartofWinterareopeningsofthefourseasons.AwakeningofInsectsisbetweenarch5thandMarch6th.Duringthisperiod,manylivingthingscomeoutafteralongwinterofsilence.TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsshowsancientChinesepeople’swisdom.NowitisaddedtoUNESCO’sheritagelist.Thismeansthatitisacceptedandwillbeacceptedbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。1．WhydidancientChineseinventtheTwenty-fourSolarTerms?A．Becausetheywantedtotellthedifferencesoffourseasons.B．Becausetheywantedtolearnsomethingaboutthesun.C．Becausetheywantedtohelpthemdothefarming.D．Becausemostofthemwerefarmers.2．WhenisRainWater?A．ItisbetweenFebruary18thandMarch20th.B．ItisbetweenFebruary18thandFebruary20th.C．ItisbetweenMarch5thandMarch6th.D．ItisbetweenMarch18thandMarch20th.3．WhathappenswhenAwakeningofInsectscomes?A．Summerbegins. B．Thetemperaturegoesdown.C．Therewillbemoreandmoresnow. D．Thesnakecomesoutafteralongwintersleep.4．Howmanysolartermsarementionedinthearticle?A．Twosolartermsarementioned. B．Foursolartermsarementioned.C．Fivesolartermsarementioned. D．Sixsolartermsarementioned.5．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNotTrue?A．TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsshowsthatancientChinesepeoplewerewise.B．TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsisoneofthefourgreatinventions.C．TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsisaddedtoUNESCO’sheritagelist.D．TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsisacceptedintheworld.【短文大意】本文介紹了中國(guó)的24節(jié)氣被列入聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，它是中國(guó)人發(fā)明的，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被世界上越來(lái)越多的人接受?！敬鸢附馕觥?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheTwenty-fourSolarTermswasinventedbyancientChinese.Atthattime,mostpeoplewerefarmers.Theyhadtolearnaboutthemovementofthesuninayearanddothefarmingaccordingly.”可知，古代人發(fā)明24節(jié)氣是為了了解太陽(yáng)在一年內(nèi)的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律，并據(jù)此進(jìn)行耕作。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“RainWaterisbetweenFebruary18thandFebruary20th.”可知，雨水是在2月18日到2月20日之間。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AwakeningofInsectsisbetweenarch5thandMarch6th.Duringthisperiod,manylivingthingscomeoutafteralongwinterofsilence.”可知，驚蟄節(jié)在三月五日到三月六日之間。在這段時(shí)間里，許多生物在漫長(zhǎng)的沉默冬天之后出來(lái)了。故選D。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，文中提到了“RainWater（雨水）”、“StartofSpring（立春）,StartofSummer（立夏）,StartofAutumn（立秋）andStartofWinter（立冬）”、“AwakeningofInsects（驚蟄）”可知，一共提到了6個(gè)節(jié)氣。故選D。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“China’sTwenty-fourSolarTermsisconsideredtobethecountry’sfifthgreatinvention.”可知，二十四節(jié)氣被認(rèn)為是中國(guó)的第五大發(fā)明，而不是四大發(fā)明之一，故選B。（2022·甘肅甘南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Anewstudyfoundthatlotsofkidshateschool.Usuallythiskindoffeelingdoesn’tlastlong.Butwhatwillhappenifyoufeelthiswaytoomuch?Schoolisafactoflifeandgettingagoodeducationcanhelpyoubuildthekindoffuturelifeyouwant.Solet’stalkaboutschoolandwhattodowhenyoudon’tlikeit.Ifyoudon’tlikeschool,thefirststepistofindoutwhy.Youmightnotlikeschoolbecauseyoudon’thaveenoughfriends,ormaybeyouarenotgoodwithyourteachers.Sometimesthere’sabigproblemwithyourschoolwork.Toomanysubjectsandtoomuchhomeworkmakeyouworried.Youmaybegettingfartherandfartherbehind,anditmayseemlikeyou’llnevercatchup.Whenyouknowwhyyoudon’tlikeschool,youcanstarttakingstepstomakethingsbetter.It’sagoodideatotalktosomeoneaboutyourproblemswithschool.Remember,yourmum,dadorteacherscanalwayshelpyou.Anothergoodideaistowritedownyourfeelingsaboutschoolinanotebook.It’sagreatwaytoletoutemotions（情緒）.Remember,youdon’thavetosharewhatyou’vewrittenwithothers.1．Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanknow________.A．a(chǎn)llthestudentshateschoolB．therearesomewaystohelpthesestudentswhohateschoolC．ifastudenthatesschool,hewillneverlikeit2．Accordingtothepassage,whocanhelpthestudentswhentheyhaveproblemswithschool?A．Theirfriends. B．Theirteachers. C．Theirclassmates.3．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“catchup”mean?A．彌補(bǔ) B．趕上 C．糾纏4．Whatdoesthewriter’sopinionongettingagoodeducation?A．Itcanhelpstudentsmakemorefriends.B．Itcanmaketheparentshappy.C．Itcanhelpstudentsbuildthekindoffuturelifetheywant.5．Ifstudentshateschool,whatcantheydotosolvetheproblem?A．Writedowntheirfeelings.B．Sharewhatthey’vewrittenwithothers.C．Keeptheproblemtothemselves.（2022·甘肅甘南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）

BingDwenDwen

ShueyRhonRhonHello,myfriends!Nicetomeetyou!MynameisBingDwenDwen.I’mthemascot(吉祥物)ofthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.I’mablackandwhitepanda.Ihavebigeyes,asmallnoseandasmallmouth.Myarmsandlegsareshort.Whatisitonmylefthand?Haha,itisaheartpattern(心形圖案)towelcomefriendsallovertheworldtocometoChina.Whoisthat?Itismygoodfriend,ShueyRhonRhon.ItisthemascotoftheParalympicWinterGames(冬殘奧會(huì)).Itlookslikearedlantern.Ithastwosmalleyes.Itsarmsandlegsareshort,too.Weareverycute.6．ShueyRhonRhonisthemascotof________.A．the2022WinterOlympicGamesB．the2022ParalympicWinterGamesC．theOlympicandParalympicWinterOlympicGames7．WhatdoesBingDwenDwenlooklike?A．Apanda. B．Amascot. C．Aredlantern.8．WhatcolorisShueyRhonRhon?A．Green. B．Blackandwhite. C．Red.9．Whereistheheartpattern?A．ItisonBingDwenDwen’slefthand.B．ItisonBingDwenDwen’srighthand.C．ItisonBingDwenDwen’sback.10．WhatmeanstowelcomefriendsallovertheworldtocometoChina?A．BingDwenDwen. B．Theheartpattern. C．ShueyRhonRhon.（2022·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）InChina,writingbrushes,inksticks,paperandinktonesarecalledtheFourTreasuresofStudy.Amongthehigh-qualitytreasures,thewritingbrushproducedinHuizhou,theinkstickproducedinHuizhou,thexuanpapermadeinXuanchengandtheinkstonemadeinDuanxiarethebest-known.Thewritingbrushescanbeusedtodrawthepicturesonpaintedpotteries(陶器).Theyaremainlymadeofthehairofanimals.Thosemadeofwoolarecalledyanghaoandthosemadeoftheweasel’s(鼬)tailhairarecalledlanghao.Theirartisticeffectsinwritingandpaintingcannotbecopiedbyanyotherpens.Theinkstickisthepigmentusedinwritingandpainting.TheinkstickproducedinHuizhouisofhighquality.Astorygoeslikethis:TwofamousskilledmenXiChaoandhissonproducedakindofhigh-qualityinkstick.Asaresult,theEmperorLiYuintheSouthernTangDynastyagreedtogivethemthefamilyname“Li”.Fromthenon,thefameoftheLiInkStickwaswidespread.IntheSongDynasty,itsproducingareawaschangedintoHuizhou,anditwasthencalledtheHuiInkStick.PaperisamongthefourgreatinventionsinancientChina.ThefamousxuanpaperappearedintheSuiandTangdynasties.InXuanzhou,AnhuiProvincewherethexuanpaperisproduced,it’ssaidthatCaiLun’spupilKongDantookthejobofproducingpaperbutfailedtomakeperfectwhitepaper.Laterhehappenedtoseetheebony(黑檀)intherivers.Itwaswetwiththewaterandturnedwhite.Thenheusedthebarktoproducetheworld-famousxuanpaper.TheinkstonewasalreadyverypopularintheHanDynasty.TheMingandQingdynastiessawtheappearanceoftheFourFamousInkStones-DuanInkStone.SheInkStone,TaoInkStoneandChengniInkStone.Theycannotonlybeusedinwritingandpaintingbutalsoforadmiration.11．Whatarethewritingbrushesmainlymadeof?A．Thepigment. B．Theanimals’tails. C．Thebark. D．Thehairofanimals.12．WhydidXiChaoandhissongetthefamilynamefromtheEmperorLiYu?A．Becausetheyproducedakindofhigh-qualityinkstick.B．Becausethefameoftheinkstickwaswidespread.C．BecauseitsproducingareawaschangedintoHuizhou.D．BecauseXiChaowastherelativeoftheEmperorLiYu.13．HowdidKongDanfindthewaytomakethefamousxuanpaperbyaccident?A．Hetookthejobofproducingpaper.B．HeappearedinXuanzhou,AnhuiProvince.C．Hehappenedtoseetheebonyintheriversandusedthebarktoproducethefamousruanpaper.D．HewasCaiLun’spupilatthattime.14．WhendidtheFourFamousInkStonesappear?A．TheMingandQingdynasties. B．TheHanDynasty.C．TheSuiandTangdynasties. D．TheSongDynasty.15．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheHistoryofPotteries B．TheHistoryoftheFourTreasuresofStudyC．TheHistoryoftheFourFamousInkStones D．TheHistoryofXuanPaper（2022·湖北荊門·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Foundedin1987inShenzhen,Huaweiisaleadingproviderofinformationandcommunicationstechnology(ICT)aroundtheworld.Withmorethan195,000workers,thecompanyrunsinmorethan170countriesandareas,servingmorethanthreebillionpeople.Asweallknow,therearetwooperatingsystems(操作系統(tǒng))usedinsmartphones,AndroidOSandiOS.Foraverylongtime,mostofthesmartphoneshavebeendependingonAndroidOS,includingHuawei’ssmartphones.Nowthingsarechanging.Huaweihasbeencreatingitsownoperatingsystem—HarmonyOSorHongmenginChinese.HongmengisawordfromtheChinesemythology(神話),symbolizing(象征)theworldbeforeHarmonyOSwascreated.Soitmeansstartingfromtheverybeginning.Firstknowntothepublicin2019,HarmonyOSisanoperatingsystemfordifferentdevices(設(shè)備).IthasalreadybeenusedinHuaweiwatches,laptopsandsoonovertheyears.InDecember2020,abetaversion(測(cè)試版)ofHarmonyOSforsmartphonescameout.HalfayearlaterinJune2021,Huaweilauncheditsself﹣developedHarmonyOSforsmartphones.Chinesetechlovershavelongbeenlookingforwardtotheoperatingsystemdevelopedbyourselves.Industriesincludingtourism,education,homedevicesandsportshavealsowelcomedHarmonyOS.Atpresent,Huaweiencouragespeopletotestthesystem.ThecompanyexpectsthenumberofdevicesusingHarmonyOStoreach300millionbytheendoftheyear.It’shopedthatHarmonyOSwillbeagreatmobileecosystem.16．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．Huaweihasahistoryof45years. B．Thereare170,000workersinHuawei.C．HuaweiwasstartedinthecapitalcityofChina. D．OverthreebillionpeopleareusingHuaweiproducts.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto(指的是)?A．Theworld. B．iOS. C．AndroidOS. D．HarmonyOS.18．Paragraph3mainlytalksabout________.A．thedevelopmentofHarmonyOS B．theeffortsmadebythecompanyC．thedifficultyindevelopingthesystem D．thereasonsfordevelopingthesystem19．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheHistoryofHuawei. B．HuaweiandItsHarmonyOS.C．HarmonyOSforSmartphones. D．DifferentKindsofOperatingSystems.（2022·內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯·統(tǒng)考中考真題）RedisthecolorofChina.Amongallthecolors,redismosteasilyseen.Thecolorredisfreshandpure,andinChina,wecallit“ChinaRed”.RedhasbeenthefavoritecolorofChinesepeoplebecauseitmakespeopleexcited,andmoreimportantly,ithasrichmeaningsinChinesecultureandhistory.NocountryintheworldhaseverusedacolorinsuchawayasChina.Here,redisasymbol.Itgivescolortothesoulofthenation.Inthepast,redrepresenteddignity(尊嚴(yán))andmystery.EvennowChinesepeoplelovethecolormuchmorethanothersdo.Itcanbesaidthat“ChinaRed”isaneverlastingsubjectforChinaandanimportantcolorfortheChinesepeople.“ChinaRed”hasbecomeverypopularwords,attractingtheworld’sattention.Thewordscanbeseeninforeignmagazinesandnewspapers,evenschoollearningandteachingmaterials.Findingred-coloredthingsinChinaisveryeasy,asyoucanseethecoloreverywhere.AlltraditionalredthingshavebeenplayingaspecialroleinChina,thewallsofancientpalaces,thenationalflag,Chineseknots(結(jié))andlanterns.Redisthecolorofluck,health,harmony,happiness,peace,richnessandsoon.Onlyredthingsandeventsfullyshowandexplainitsbeauty.Thecolorcanbealiveandmeaningfulonlywhenit’sconnectedwithpeople.InChina,redismorethanjustacolor.ItcarriesthelonghistoryandcultureoftheChinesenation.“ChinaRed”isfullofmysteriouscharm(神秘的魅力)anditisrighthereinChinawaitingforyoutofeelandtodiscover!20．WhydoChinesepeoplelovethecolorredsodeeply?A．Itismosteasilyseenamongallthecolors.B．IthasrichmeaningsinChinesecultureandhistory.C．Itmakespeoplehappyandpeaceful.D．Itstandsforfreshnessandpureness.21．What’stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword“everlasting”inParagraph2?A．重要的 B．受歡迎的 C．有代表性的 D．永恒的22．Howdoesthewritershowthepopularityofthered-coloredthingsinChina?A．Bycomparing. B．Bydescribing.C．Bygivingexamples. D．Bylistingnumbers.23．Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．（2022·四川資陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Themonsterstatues(怪獸雕像)intheForbiddenCity(故宮)comealive!Theycanmoveandtalk.Theyevenhavetheirownlanguages.LiXiaoyu,an11-year-oldstudent,joinsthemonanadventurousjourney.Thiscartoonstorycomesfromthebookseries(系列)MonstersintheForbiddenCity.Therearemanyspecialthingsinthecartoon.Ithasrealactors.LiXiaoyubecomesamonsterandgetsintotheworldofmonsterstatues.Thereareredwalls,yellowroofs(房頂),andwater-inkpaintings.Thebooks’writerisChangYi.WhenChangwasalittlegirl,sheoftenheardstoriesofmonstersintheForbiddenCityfromolderpeople.Shealsoreadabouttheminsomebooks.Interestedinthesemonsters,shekeptreadingtofindoutmoreabouttheminancientbooks.Asshegrewup,shefoundthatmanyChinesepeopleknewmoreaboutmonstersfromEuropeanandAmericanmoviesandTVprograms.SomelovedJapanesemonsters,butmanyofthesecamefromChina.Chinesemonsterswerelesswell-known.Changdecidedtomakeachangebywritingbooks.TheMonstersintheForbiddenCityserieswasborn.EachchapterofthebookstellsthestoryofamonsterstatueintheForbiddenCity.24．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph1referto?A．Languages. B．Books. C．Monsterstatues. D．Olderpeople.25．Whicharespecialinthecartoon?A．Redroofs. B．Realactors. C．Oilpaintings. D．Yellowwalls.26．HowdidChangYilearnmoreaboutthemonsters?A．Byreadingbooks. B．Byplayingwiththem.C．Bydrawingpictures. D．Bywatchingcartoons.27．WhydidChangYiwritethebookseries?A．Tomakeupnewstories. B．Todevelopherinterestinwriting.C．Tomakemonstersmoveandtalk. D．ToletChinesemonstersmorewell-known.（2022·四川資陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）InMarch,2020,16wildAsianelephantsbegantravellingacrossYunnanintheirownspecial“tourgroup”.Theytravelledmorethan500kmandtwobabyelephantswerebornalongtheway.Atlast,14elephantsreturnedhomesafelyinDecember,2021.Alreadyfamousathome,theseelephantsalsobecame“internationalstars”.Someinternationalmedia(媒體)followedtheelephants’tourfromtheirhomeinXishuangbannatootherpartsofYunnan.Somepeopledescribedthemas“smart”and“adventurous(冒險(xiǎn)的)”.SocialmedialikeTwitterandYouTubewerefullofvideosoftheelephants.Onevideoabouttheelephantssleepingtogethergotnearly300,000viewsand12,000likesonTwitter.Ontheelephants’tour,peopletreatedthemwithcare.Peopledidn’tgetclosetothem,hurtthemordrivethemaway.TheworldsawChina’sworktoprotectthewildelephants.Andtheattentiontothewildelephantswillencouragemorepeopletogetalongwellwithanimals.28．Howmanyelephantsreturnedhomesafely?A．2. B．14. C．16. D．18.29．Whatdoweknowabouttheelephants?A．Theyare21monthsold. B．Theyranawayfromazoo.C．TheyareonlyfamousinChina. D．Theyhavetravelledover500km.30．Howdidsomepeopledescribetheelephants?A．Clever. B．Weak. C．Strange. D．Friendly.31．Whatshouldpeopledoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Drivewildanimalsaway. B．Getalongwellwithanimals.C．Watchvideosaboutwildanimals. D．Paynoattentiontowildanimals.（2022·四川資陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）In2003,Chinasentitsfirstastronaut(宇航員),YangLiwei,intospace.Sincethen,13Chineseastronautshave“reachedforstars”.ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfuarethreeofthem.TheyjustfinishedtheShenzhouXIIImission(任務(wù)).Haveyoueverthoughtofbecominganastronautlikethem?Tobeanastronaut,youneedtobeveryhealthy.Goodeyesightandastrongheartareimportant.You’dbetternothaveothersmallproblems,likeadecayedtooth(蛀牙).You’llstarthardtrainingwhenyoubecomeabackup(后備)astronaut.Forexample,youneedtodoalotofrunning,swimmingandpull-ups.Youwillalsoweara200-kilogramsuitanddotasksunderwaterfor6or7hourswithouteatingorgoingtothetoilet.Knowledgeisimportantaswell.Astronautstake60coursestogetreadyforamission,includingmath,English,physicsandmanymore.Sotheywillknowwhattododuringthemission.32．WhowasthefirstastronautinChina?A．ZhaiZhigang. B．YeGuangfu. C．YangLiwei. D．WangYaping.33．Howisthetrainingoftheastronautsaccordingtothewriter?A．Difficult. B．Comfortable. C．Relaxing. D．Boring.34．Whydoastronautshavetotake60courses?A．Tokeepfit. B．TolearnEnglishwell.C．Tobecomemorehumorous. D．Toknowwhattododuringthemission.35．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Whyastronautsshouldbehealthy. B．Howyoucanbecomeanastronaut.C．Whatcoursesastronautsshouldtake. D．WhereChineseastronautsaretrained.（2022·寧夏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Scienceandtechnologyhelppeoplealot.CheckouthowfastChinaisdeveloping.Driverless(無(wú)人駕駛)helpersYoucanseedifferentkindsofdriverlesscarsatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics.Forexample,whenyoufeeltired,youcanhavearestinadriverlessminibus.Whenyoufeelhungry,youcanbuyfoodfroma“driverlesscarstore”.Anotherkindofdriverlesscarcanevensendthingstoyoujustlikeapostman.TheyhelptomaketheGamesabiggersuccess.SpaceclassesOnMarch23,2022,threeChineseastronautsgavetheirsecondlecture(課程)fromTiangongspacestation.Theydidseveralexperiments(實(shí)驗(yàn)).Theyalsoshowedsometoolstostudyscience.ThethreeastronautsgavetheirfirstlecturelastDecember.Millionsofstudentswatchedthemandlearnedmanyfantasticsciencefacts.3DphotosThisMay,amiddleschoolinBeijingused3D-printingtechnologytoprintgraduationphotos(畢業(yè)照)forGrade9students.Studentscantouchthe“faces”oftheirclassmates.Thistechnologycanalsohelpblindstudents“see”theirclassmates.36．Howmanykindsofdriverlesscaredoesthewritermention(提及)?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.37．WhenwasthesecondspacelecturegivenbythethreeChineseastronauts?A．LastDecember. B．ThisMay.C．ThisFebruary. D．OnMarch23,2022.38．Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thedriverlesscarscannotsendthingslikeapostman.B．China’sscienceandtechnologyaredevelopingveryfast.C．AllstudentswatchedthelecturesfromTiangongspacestation.D．Blindstudentscan’t“see”theirclassmateswiththehelpof3D-printingphotos.39．Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A．Anewspaper. B．Astorybook.C．Agrammarbook. D．Amedicalmagazine.（2022·貴州遵義·統(tǒng)考中考真題）DataSettoMoveOutWestTheChinaInternationalBigDataIndustryExpo2022(大數(shù)據(jù)工業(yè)博覽會(huì))washeldonlineinGuiyangonMay26.Morethan100famouscompaniesfromChina,Germany,Japanandothercountriesattendedtheexpoon“cloud”.Youmayhaveheardalotaboutword“cloud”.Thenamemightmakeyouthinkthatit’sjustlikerealclouds.Butinfact,itisnotthecloudsintheskybutthe“cloud”thatsavesyourphotos,emails,movies,musicandsoon.The“cloud”ismadeofmillionsofharddrives(硬盤),computerserversandundergroundcables(電纜).Whenyouopenawebsiteonline,youareactuallyaskingaservertogiveyoudata.Andthedatamaytransmitthousandsofkilometersfromadatacentertoyourcomputer,throughundergroundcables.Wherearethesedatacenters?InChina,mostarenowinbigcitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandGuangzhou.Theytakeuplotsoflandandenergy.Recently,Chinahasmadeplanstobuild10datacentergroupsinrightareas.ManyareinwesternandnorthernpartsofChinalikeGansuandGuizhou.Thereismorelandintheseareas.Theyalsohavemoregreenenergy,likewindandsolarenergy.Thiscanmakethedatacentersmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Buildingdatacenterscanhelpthedevelopmentoftheseareas.Nowadays,bigdatahasbecomeakeyindustryinGuizhou.40．Whatisthe“cloud”inthepassageusedfor?A．Savingdata. B．Takingphotos.C．Changingtheweather. D．Openingawebsite.41．Whichcantaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword“transmit”inParagraph3?A．becopied B．bereceived C．travel D．record42．ThedatacenterisbuiltinGuizhoubecause_________.A．peopleinGuizhouarefriendlyB．thereismorelandandgreenenergyC．theenvironmenthereiswellprotectedD．Guizhouisverybeautifulandcolorful43．Whatcanweknowaboutdatacentersaccordingtothepassage?A．Theydon’tneedalotofenergy.B．Thereareonly10datacentersinChinaC．MostofthemareinthesouthofChina.D．Datacenterscanhelpcitiestodevelop.44．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．西氣東輸 B．南水北調(diào) C．西電東送 D．東數(shù)西算（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）TheFuxingtrainhasstartedrunninginsouthwestChina’sTibetalongtheLhasa—NyingchiRailway(拉薩—林芝鐵路).The435-kilometerrailwaylinksLhasaandNyingchi.ItisChina’sfirstelectrified(電氣化的)railroadonthe“RoofoftheWorld”.ItshortensthejourneybetweenLhasaandNyingchifromoverfivehourstoabout3.5hours.Thenewrailwaycoversanareaof226,000squarekilometers.Itgoesthrough47tunnels(隧道)andcrosses121bridges.Thetrainhasatopspeedof160kilometersperhour.Itisthefastesttrainonthehighland,butit’sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountrybecauseofthespecialenvironment.Therailwaynotonlymakeslocalpeople’slifeeasier,butalsobringsmoretouriststothearea.“Therailwaytripissorelaxingandfast.Thenewtrainhasbroughtourfamilymemberscloserthaneverbefore,”saidateacherwholivesinNyingchi.SheusedtodrivemorethanfivehoursfromNyingchitoLhasatovisitherparentsduringthesummervacation.Besidescarryingpassengers,therailwayalsoprovidesgoodchancesforfarmerstoselllocalproductstomoreplaces.It’ssuretoputnewenergyintoTibet’seconomic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的)development.45．HowmanyhoursdoesthejourneytakebetweenLhasaandNyingchibyFuxingtrain?A．About5hours. B．About4hours. C．About3.5hours. D．About1.5hours.46．What’sthetopspeedofFuxingtrainfromLhasatoNyingchi?A．160kilometersperhour. B．121kilometersperhour.C．47kilometersperhour. D．160metersperhour.47．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shortens”meaninChinese?A．克扣 B．下降 C．縮短 D．缺少48．What’sspecialabouttheLhasa—NyingchiRailway?A．Itcoversalargearea.B．Itcancarrypassengers.C．Thetraingoesthroughlotsoftunnelsandbridges.D．It’sChina’sfirstelectrifiedrailwayonthe“RoofoftheWorld”.49．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Therailwaytripisnotrelaxingorfast.B．Therailwaydoesnotbringmoretouriststothearea.C．Thetraingoesthrough121tunnelsand47bridges.D．It’sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountry.（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Anewpolicy(政策)aboutschooleducationhascomeout.Itbringssomechangesinstudents’everydaylife.Let’shavealook.Accordingtothepolicy,studentsintheprimaryandjuniorhighschoolsshouldhaveacleartimetodotheirhomework.Theyaresupposedtofinishtheirhomeworkinacertaintime.Andthehomeworkisneithertoodifficultnortoomuch.Forexample,thefirstandsecondgradersmustfinishtheirhomeworkatschool.Theyneedn’tdowrittenhomeworkathome.Thethirdtosixthgradersshouldfinishtheirhomeworkin60minutes.Thejuniorhighschoolstudentsareexpectedtodotheirhomeworkin90minutes.Besideslesshomework,schoolsarerequiredtoprovidemorephysicaltrainingsothatstudentscanlearnbasicsportsskillsandbecomehealthier.Forexample,manyschoolsdividetheafter-schooltimeintotwoparts.Inthefirstpart,studentshaveonehourofphysicalexerciseeachday.Inthesecondpart,studentscantakepartinallkindsofinterestingactivities.Thetwopartsareexpectedtomeetthedifferentneedsofstudents.Therearealsosomerulesfortrainingschools.Theyarenotallowed