現(xiàn)在完成時-和現(xiàn)在完成進行時

現(xiàn)在完成時1.Sheworksinafactory.2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.3.WearegoingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.4.Theyheldasportsmeetinglastweek.5.Areyouhelpingyourmother.現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。2.過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過去分詞havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2000IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforthreeyears.Ihavelivedheresince2000/threeyearsago.Payattention注意1.現(xiàn)在完成時句中常見的時間狀語A.表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,不能是具體過去時間

(1).for+表示一段時間的短語(2).since+表示過去時間點的詞語(3).since+表示過去時間的時間狀語從句eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.forsincesince不能是具體過去時間

B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never

有此類副詞時,常強調(diào)動作完成,不強調(diào)動作的持續(xù).

eg.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework______.

Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.everjustalreadyyet.2表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常與一些時間狀語,如:already,yet,ever,never,just,before,once,twice等連用，也可以和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語，如thesedays,today,thisyear,sofar等連用。3.現(xiàn)在完成時還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時間在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用,

如uptothesefewdays/weeks/months/years,just,uptopresent(now),sofar等:

Peterhaswrittensixpaperssofar.

Uptothepresenteverythinghasbeensuccessful.

現(xiàn)在完成時的"未完成用法"指的是動作開始于過去某一時刻，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去。這里的動詞要用持續(xù)性動詞。常與for〔+時間段〕,since〔+時間點〕連用.

Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Maryhasbeenillsincethreedaysago.

2.區(qū)分短暫性動詞與持續(xù)性動詞.表示短暫性(瞬間性)的動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時的句中不能和一段時間連用.即for,since短語或howlong問句Ihaveboughtthispenfortwomonths.Theplayhasbegunforanhour.Tomhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.Thedoghasdiedforamonth.Ihavecomehereforfortydays.come/arrivegooutleavebeginbuyborrowjoindiecatchacoldbebeoutbeaway(from)beonhavekeepbeamemberofbedeadhaveacold現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時所說明的是過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，不可以和表示過去的時間狀語yesterday,in1991,threedaysagolasttime,lastnight等連用一般過去時說明的是過去發(fā)生的事實，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。

(一)當(dāng)句中有never,ever,just,already,yet,before等時，常用現(xiàn)在完成時。1.-Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?-______you______yourhomeworkyet?A.Do;finish

B.Are;finishing

C.Did;finish

D.Have;finished2.-______you______anywherebefore?-Yes,butIcan'trememberwhereI______A.Did;surf;surfed

B.Have;surfed;surfedC.Did;surf;havesurfed

D.Have;surfed;havesurfed當(dāng)句中有"for+段時間"或"since+點時間"等時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞

1.HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice______hecametoYunnan.A.after

B.before

C.since

D.for2.Tom______theCDplayerfortwoweeks.A.haslent

B.hasborrowed

C.hasbought

D.hashad3.I______aletterfromhimsinceheleft.A.didn'treceive

B.haven'tgot

C.didn'thave

D.haven'theard考查have/hasbeen(to,in)/have/hasgone(to)的區(qū)別

1.-Haveyouever______LintongtoseetheTerraCottaWarriors?-Yes,Ihave.A.wentto

B.goneto

C.beenin

D.beento2.Myparents______Shangdongfortenyears.A.havebeenin

B.havebeento

C.havegoneto

D.havebeen3.Iwon'tgototheconcertbecauseI____myticket.A.lost

B.don'tlose

C.havelost

D.iscoming現(xiàn)在完成進行時主語+have〔has〕been+動詞-ing〔一〕表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且還將持續(xù)下去TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.中國有2000年的造紙歷史?！矂幼鬟€將繼續(xù)下去〕IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.自從三年前以來我一直在學(xué)英語。〔動作還將繼續(xù)下去〕IstudyforEngilshsince10yearsago.〔二〕表示在說話時刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個鐘頭了(人還沒到，如同在里說的，還會繼續(xù)等)〔三〕有些現(xiàn)在完成進行時的句子等同于現(xiàn)在完成時的句子。Theyhavebeenlivinginthiscityfortenyears.Theyhavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.Ihavebeenworkinghereforfiveyears.Ihaveworkedhereforfiveyears.〔四〕大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進行時的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時的句子。Ihavebeenwritingabook.〔動作還將繼續(xù)下去〕我一直在寫一本書。Ihavewrittenabook.〔動作已經(jīng)完成〕我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。Theyhavebeenbuildingabridge.他們一直在造一座橋。Theyhavebuiltabridge.他們造了一座橋?！参濉潮硎緺顟B(tài)的動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時。Ihaveknownhimforyears.我認(rèn)識他已經(jīng)好幾年了。*Ihavebeenknowing...這類不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡，hate討厭，等。1.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.

—Ithinkso.He_____foritformonths.(2023江蘇)A.ispreparing

B.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparing

D.hasbeenpreparing2.Bythetimeherealizeshe_________intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(2023山東)

A.walks

B.walked

C.haswalked

D.hadwalked3.Sofarthisyearwe___afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(2023福建)

A.saw

B.see

C.hadseen

D.haveseen4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe____Englishforayear.(2007湖南)

A.studies

B.studied

C.isstudying

D.hasbeenstudying5.Danny_________hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.(2007福建)works

B.isworking

C.hasworked

D.hadworked6.—Ihavegotaheadache.

—Nowonder.You_______infrontofthatcomputertoolong.(2007江西)

A.work

B.areworking

C.havebeenworking

D.worked8.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy___goingbacktoschool，butshehasn’tdecidedye