適用于老高考舊教材廣西專(zhuān)版2023屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第二部分閱讀理解題型解讀 思維導(dǎo)圖課件

第二部分閱讀理解英語(yǔ)內(nèi)容索引題型解讀?策略指導(dǎo)思維導(dǎo)圖?核心概覽題型解讀?策略指導(dǎo)[考情分析]在歷年的高考英語(yǔ)試題中,閱讀理解題都占據(jù)著非常重要的地位。閱讀理解題包括兩部分:四選一型閱讀理解題和七選五型閱讀理解題。閱讀理解題全面測(cè)試考生掌握英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的情況和綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力,主要包括基本語(yǔ)言能力、閱讀能力、翻譯能力、邏輯思維能力和解題能力。高考全國(guó)卷閱讀理解題體裁多樣,不僅有記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文,而且有廣告、啟事等應(yīng)用文;題材廣泛,涉及學(xué)習(xí)、生活、旅游、交通、環(huán)境、科學(xué)、社會(huì)問(wèn)題等考生熟悉的話題。短文難度適中,有利于考查考生的理解能力?？忌粌H要能正確理解文章的表層意思,還要能通過(guò)表層意思合理地推斷出文章的隱含意義。近幾年閱讀理解的命題已經(jīng)從對(duì)傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)的掌握情況的考查轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)δ芰Φ目疾?命題者更關(guān)注考生用英語(yǔ)獲取信息的能力和處理相關(guān)信息的能力。[命題規(guī)律]閱讀是我國(guó)考生學(xué)習(xí)和使用外語(yǔ)的最主要途徑,因此,閱讀理解在試卷中占比重較大。該部分要求考生讀懂熟悉的有關(guān)日常生活話題的簡(jiǎn)短文字材料,例如公告、說(shuō)明、廣告以及書(shū)、報(bào)、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡(jiǎn)短文章。因此考生應(yīng)能:理解主旨要義;理解文中具體信息;根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語(yǔ)的含義;根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容做出判斷和推理;理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu);理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。近幾年全國(guó)卷的閱讀理解題在體裁與題材、考點(diǎn)覆蓋等方面呈現(xiàn)以下變化趨勢(shì):一、2020~2022年全國(guó)卷閱讀理解題體裁與題材

年份篇名ABCD七選五2022(甲卷)體裁應(yīng)用文說(shuō)明文記敘文夾敘夾議文說(shuō)明文題材介紹了英國(guó)加的夫的四個(gè)劇院和娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所一項(xiàng)研究表明鳳頭鸚鵡具備相當(dāng)于人類(lèi)兩歲幼兒的形狀識(shí)別能力講述了Ginni從小喜愛(ài)旅游,后來(lái)去南極旅行并留下深刻印象的故事通過(guò)不同人的觀點(diǎn),討論悉尼在發(fā)展的過(guò)程中是否應(yīng)該摒棄一些舊傳統(tǒng)介紹了在不同文化中,外出就餐時(shí)需要注意的事項(xiàng)年份篇名ABCD七選五2022(乙卷)體裁應(yīng)用文書(shū)評(píng)說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文題材主要介紹了蘇格蘭著名畫(huà)家HenryRaeburn的作品展,包括講座的時(shí)間安排、展覽時(shí)間、收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及打折活動(dòng)等介紹了DorothyWickenden寫(xiě)的一部小說(shuō),包括主人公、故事的背景和教育意義等介紹了無(wú)人機(jī)的各種優(yōu)勢(shì)、對(duì)鐵路系統(tǒng)做出的諸多貢獻(xiàn)及未來(lái)的應(yīng)用方向介紹了英國(guó)從2016年始對(duì)軟飲料制造商征收“糖稅”,以確保兒童的身體健康,該政策卓有成效文章就遠(yuǎn)距離朋友該如何保持長(zhǎng)久友誼給出了五條建議年份篇名ABCD七選五2021(甲卷)體裁應(yīng)用文說(shuō)明文記敘文議論文說(shuō)明文題材介紹了Take

a

view攝影比賽以及獲獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)情況介紹PortLympneReserve的一個(gè)犀牛繁殖項(xiàng)目講述作者兒時(shí)隨家人搬遷至倫敦,由一開(kāi)始的不適應(yīng)到通過(guò)玩滑板融入當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境,成年后又故地重游的故事文章以“誰(shuí)是天才”為開(kāi)端,論述天才的實(shí)質(zhì),批駁天才種族論和性別論,得出“不拘一格降天才”的結(jié)論介紹了通過(guò)衣物交換來(lái)處理舊衣服的方法,以及一些具體的流程年份篇名ABCD七選五2021(乙卷)體裁應(yīng)用文說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文議論文說(shuō)明文題材介紹了世界上幾個(gè)最大的體育場(chǎng)的相關(guān)信息剖析了在幾乎人人都有一部手機(jī)的澳大利亞,仍然有超過(guò)半數(shù)的家庭擁有座機(jī)背后的原因介紹了一位藝術(shù)家利用一次性吸管做成雕塑喚起了人們的環(huán)保意識(shí)文章主要講述了聯(lián)合辦公區(qū)域有助于使人注意力集中并且激發(fā)員工的創(chuàng)造性思維介紹怎樣在參加晚宴的時(shí)候做一個(gè)有趣的人年份篇名ABCD七選五2020(Ⅰ卷)體裁應(yīng)用文議論文說(shuō)明文

說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文題材車(chē)票、失物招領(lǐng)、公共假日、殘疾人輔助及車(chē)次等火車(chē)服務(wù)的相關(guān)信息作者喜歡重讀書(shū)籍的原因和每年必讀三本書(shū)的原因及感悟競(jìng)走運(yùn)動(dòng)及其與跑步的不同之處麻省理工學(xué)院進(jìn)行研究,力求用發(fā)光的植物代替日常用品的功能自我接受的幾種方法,倡導(dǎo)自尊自信、樂(lè)觀向上的人生態(tài)度年份篇名ABCD七選五2020(Ⅱ卷)體裁應(yīng)用文說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文夾敘夾議文說(shuō)明文題材四個(gè)著名的旅游景點(diǎn)玩拼圖游戲能幫助孩子掌握與數(shù)學(xué)相關(guān)的技能海貍鼠對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞以及科學(xué)家為此采取的措施作者從小喜歡讀書(shū)并且這一習(xí)慣延續(xù)到了下一代人表情符號(hào)在職場(chǎng)溝通中的重要作用年份篇名ABCD七選五2020(Ⅲ卷)體裁應(yīng)用文報(bào)道類(lèi)說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文題材四個(gè)國(guó)家中那些讓人們回顧過(guò)去的著名景點(diǎn)電影《猩球崛起》首映,動(dòng)物保護(hù)者感謝電影制作者未用真的類(lèi)人猿在英國(guó),人們的生活方式逐漸發(fā)生改變?nèi)祟?lèi)會(huì)因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)期的特殊生活環(huán)境而進(jìn)化介紹人們?cè)趩踢w新居時(shí)的一些習(xí)俗綜合上表的信息,我們可以看到以下特點(diǎn):1.從體裁上看:閱讀理解的體裁基本上涵蓋了記敘文、說(shuō)明文、應(yīng)用文和議論文。2.從題材上看:閱讀理解的選材廣泛,內(nèi)容豐富。近幾年選材更加生活化,更多地關(guān)注與當(dāng)今社會(huì)、生活、科技、文化、教育等相關(guān)的話題。文章往往涉及日常生活、人物傳記、國(guó)內(nèi)外風(fēng)土人情、故事傳說(shuō)、社會(huì)文化、政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技、自然現(xiàn)象、新聞報(bào)道、體育活動(dòng)、廣告說(shuō)明、書(shū)信通知等許多方面的內(nèi)容,更多地體現(xiàn)人文關(guān)懷、人生哲理、生活態(tài)度、跨文化交際、做事能力等,時(shí)代感和教育意義很強(qiáng)。文章語(yǔ)言生動(dòng)規(guī)范,描寫(xiě)具體,推理嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。豐富的文章內(nèi)容反映了高考的文化內(nèi)涵,體現(xiàn)了高考對(duì)學(xué)生了解多元文化、提高全面文化素質(zhì)的要求。二、2020~2022年全國(guó)卷閱讀理解考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)表

年份主旨大意細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷詞義猜測(cè)2022(甲卷)35612022(乙卷)110312021(甲卷)16712021(乙卷)26612020(Ⅰ卷)28412020(Ⅱ卷)29402020(Ⅲ卷)3741從考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)表可以看出,細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題是閱讀理解的重頭部分。這是因?yàn)榻鼛啄甑拈喿x理解題加大了對(duì)深層次信息理解的考查力度,著重檢測(cè)考生對(duì)語(yǔ)篇的整體理解能力和對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把控能力,側(cè)重考查考生根據(jù)語(yǔ)境提示,綜合利用有效信息解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力,體現(xiàn)了著重考查考生閱讀理解能力的目標(biāo)與要求。高考閱讀理解考查的方式主要是以選擇題型為主,可歸納為以下幾種題型:1.主旨大意題:主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)全文的概括總結(jié)能力。考查的范圍一般包括:短文標(biāo)題、主題;文章大意或段落大意。2.詞義理解題:主要考查考生對(duì)文章中的某個(gè)生詞意思的理解或?qū)κ煜卧~在不同語(yǔ)境中的理解。3.句意理解題:不僅考查考生對(duì)句子表層含義的理解能力,有時(shí)還需要讀者結(jié)合上下文和平時(shí)的知識(shí)積累、生活常識(shí)以及人生閱歷來(lái)判斷或推斷句子的深層含義。4.意圖態(tài)度題:閱讀是讀者跟作者交流的過(guò)程,把握作者的寫(xiě)作意圖需要讀者有較高層次的閱讀和理解能力。這類(lèi)題目主要考查讀者對(duì)作者態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)的理解以及作者對(duì)某些細(xì)節(jié)描述的意圖。5.推理判斷題:通過(guò)文章已知的信息或者文章的某些細(xì)節(jié)推斷出文章隱含的信息或者結(jié)論。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題:要求考生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解。有些問(wèn)題考生可以直接從文中找到明確的答案,但有些則需要我們?cè)诶斫獾幕A(chǔ)上將有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行處理,如計(jì)算、排序、比較等。7.指代關(guān)系題:主要考查考生整體理解語(yǔ)篇的能力,并推斷出該處指代詞所代表的含義。理解相關(guān)句子的意義及上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系是解答這類(lèi)題目的關(guān)鍵。另外,七選五閱讀理解題不同于四選一型閱讀題的考查形式。它是在一段約300詞的短文中留出5個(gè)空白,要求考生從所給的7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),其中有2個(gè)選項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中常常包含文章標(biāo)題或段落標(biāo)題,段落主題句和總結(jié)句以及文段內(nèi)的順承句、遞進(jìn)句或者因果句。七選五閱讀理解題要求考生在理解短文內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)特征,掌握主旨大意?？忌紫纫袛噙x項(xiàng)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和特征,從結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上分析選項(xiàng)部分屬于文章的哪個(gè)段落,通過(guò)上下文短語(yǔ)或者詞匯的提示,選擇與空白處的上下文緊密相連的選項(xiàng),以使文章整篇結(jié)構(gòu)完整。[真題詮釋]A(2022·全國(guó)甲卷,B)Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對(duì)稱的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffin’scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin’scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(線索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究表明鳳頭鸚鵡具備相當(dāng)于人類(lèi)兩歲幼兒的形狀識(shí)別能力。24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.B解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Though

not

known

to

use

tools

in

the

wild,the

birds

have

proved

skilful

at

tool

use

while

kept

in

the

cage.”以及接下來(lái)提到的實(shí)驗(yàn)可知,它們需要找出合適的工具嵌入箱子才能得到堅(jiān)果。故選B項(xiàng)。25.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.C解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In

humans,babies

can

put

a

round

shape

in

a

round

hole

from

around

one

year

of

age...”可知,一歲的幼兒最有可能完成的任務(wù)是將一個(gè)球放到一個(gè)圓形的洞中。故選C項(xiàng)。26.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.D解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“or

also

use

a

sense

of

touch”可知,研究人員下一步要研究它們是否也使用觸覺(jué)來(lái)識(shí)別物體形狀。故選D項(xiàng)。27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearnersC.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-SortersD解析:標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段提到鳳頭鸚鵡可以使用工具;第二段把鳳頭鸚鵡與人類(lèi)兩歲左右的幼兒進(jìn)行比較,得出它們的確具備形狀識(shí)別能力的結(jié)論;第三段主要介紹研究人員計(jì)劃進(jìn)一步研究它們的形狀識(shí)別方式。綜上所述,文章主要介紹了鳳頭鸚鵡識(shí)別形狀的能力。故選D項(xiàng)。B(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,B)Returningtoabookyou’vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There’sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon’tchange,peopledo.Andthat’swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It’strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it’sallaboutthepresent.It’saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isErnestHemingway’sA

Moveable

Feast.Publishedin1964,it’shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的),anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard’sHoly

the

Firm,herpoetic1975ramble(隨筆)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortázar’sSave

Twilight:Selected

Poems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortázar.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it’syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.

【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述了作者自己喜歡重讀書(shū)籍的原因以及每年必重讀的三本書(shū)的內(nèi)容及其感悟。24.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.B.It’sawindowtoawholenewworld.C.It’sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.D.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.D解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“There’s

a

welcome

familiarity—but

also

sometimes

a

slight

suspicion

that

time

has

changed

you

both,and

thus

the

relationship.But

books

don’t

change,people

do.”可知,作者認(rèn)為重新閱讀書(shū)籍會(huì)感覺(jué)到時(shí)間改變了自己。再結(jié)合第二段的第一句可知,作者喜歡重讀書(shū)籍的原因在于讀書(shū)加深了對(duì)自己的理解。25.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookA

Moveable

Feast?A.It’sabriefaccountofatrip.B.It’saboutHemingway’slifeasayoungman.C.It’sarecordofahistoricevent.D.It’saboutHemingway’sfriendsinParis.B解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...an

aging

writer

looking

back

on

an

ambitious

yet

simpler

time.”可知,A

Moveable

Feast是描寫(xiě)海明威早年生活的回憶錄。故選B項(xiàng)。26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”inparagraph4referto?A.Debt.B.Reward.C.Allowance. D.Facevalue.B解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文的while

money

is

indeed

wonderful

and

necessary,再結(jié)合下文的a

reader

can

pay

them可知,此處的意思是“重讀作者的書(shū)是給予他們最高的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”。debt“債務(wù)”;reward“報(bào)酬,獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),回報(bào)”;allowance“津貼,補(bǔ)貼”;face

value“面值”。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知選B項(xiàng)。27.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Helovespoetry.B.He’saneditor.C.He’sveryambitious.D.Heteachesreading.A解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The

third

book

is

Julio

Cortázar’s

Save

Twilight:Selected

Poems,because

poetry.And

because

Cortázar.”可知,作者最喜歡重讀的第三本書(shū)籍是Save

Twilight:Selected

Poems,它是一本詩(shī)選,且其中的兩個(gè)because起到了強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。由此推測(cè)作者喜歡詩(shī)歌。故選A項(xiàng)。C(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷,A)The

Lake

District

Attractions

GuideDalemain

Mansion

&

Historic

GardensHistory,Culture&Landscape(景觀).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.Open:29Mar-29Oct,SuntoThurs.Tearoom,Gardens

&

Gift

Shop:10.30-17.00(16.00inOct).House:11.15-16.00(15.00inOct).Town:PooleyBridge&PenrithAbbot

Hall

Art

Gallery

&

MuseumThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall’stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30-17.00Summer.10.30-16.00Winter.Town:KendalTullie

House

Museum

&

Art

GalleryDiscover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartandfamilyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere’ssomethingforeveryone!Open:High

Season1Apr-31Oct:MontoSat10.00-17.00,Sun11.00-17.00.Low

Season1Nov-31Mar:MontoSat10.00-16.30,Sun12.00-16.30.Town:CarlisleDove

Cottage

&

The

Wordsworth

MuseumDiscoverWilliamWordsworth’sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.Open:Daily,09.30-17.30(lastadmission17.00).Town:Grasmere【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)著名的旅游景點(diǎn),包括各自的特色、開(kāi)放時(shí)間以及所處的具體位置。21.WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?A.09.30-17.30.B.10.30-16.00.C.11.15-16.00.D.12.00-16.30.C解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)景點(diǎn)Open部分中House后的內(nèi)容可知,它在七月份的星期天開(kāi)放時(shí)間是11點(diǎn)15分到16點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。22.WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?A.EnjoyRomney’sworks.B.Havesomeinteractivefun.C.Attendafamousfestival.D.Learnthehistoryofafamily.A解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Abbot

Hall

Art

Gallery

&

Museum可快速鎖定第二個(gè)景點(diǎn),根據(jù)其中的第二句可知,這里收藏有Romney的作品。故選A項(xiàng)。23.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth’slife?A.Penrith. B.Kendal.C.Carlisle. D.Grasmere.D解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Wordsworth’s

life可快速鎖定第四個(gè)景點(diǎn),根據(jù)最后一行Town后的內(nèi)容可知其具體位置。故選D項(xiàng)。D(2019·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,B)ForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe“-ld”,apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”

【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了紐約州一位小學(xué)二年級(jí)的教師Thomas

Whaley讓學(xué)生在班里進(jìn)行演講,以幫助學(xué)生樹(shù)立信心。24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.B解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容及第二段第一句“But

he’s

nervous.”可知,Chris是因在全班同學(xué)面前公開(kāi)演講而感到緊張。故選B項(xiàng)。25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.A解析:詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“‘...Vote

for...me...’Except

for

some

stumbles,Chris

is

doing

amazingly

well.”可知,此處表示除了演講過(guò)程中的一些不恰當(dāng)?shù)耐ｎD(Improper

pauses)之外,Chris還是完成得相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)。故選A項(xiàng)。26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto

.

A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpoliticsA解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容及第六段中的“...is

very

difficult

for

a

child

who

came

into

the

classroom

not

feeling

confident.”可以推知,Whaley之所以在班里開(kāi)展演講項(xiàng)目,目的是幫助學(xué)生看到自己的長(zhǎng)處,找到自信。故選A項(xiàng)。27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous. B.Ambitious.C.Caring. D.Demanding.C解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“His

teacher,Thomas

Whaley,is

next

to

him,whispering

support.”可以看出,在Chris演講時(shí),Whaley在其身旁默默地鼓勵(lì)他?？v觀全文,Whaley允許學(xué)生在初學(xué)語(yǔ)言時(shí)犯錯(cuò),讓學(xué)生有勇氣面對(duì)自身的不足之處,并鼓勵(lì)走進(jìn)教室的不自信的學(xué)生夸贊自己的好品質(zhì)。由此推知,

作為教師,Whaley對(duì)于學(xué)生關(guān)懷備至(Caring)。故選C項(xiàng)。E(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Fitness

Magazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“

36

”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.

So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.

37

Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.

Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.

38

Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.

Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.

39

Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.

40

Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何選擇鍛煉伙伴。36.C

解析:此句為過(guò)渡句。上文提到其中的一個(gè)原因“如果你知道有人在健身房等你,你就會(huì)在那兒出現(xiàn)”,結(jié)合空格前面的“another

read”可知,空格處應(yīng)為另一個(gè)原因。C項(xiàng)“如果你和別人一起訓(xùn)練,你會(huì)更加努力?！笨善鸬匠猩蠁⑾碌淖饔谩?7.D

解析:此句為細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)下文的“Or

do

you

just

want

to

be

physically

fit,able

to

move

with

strength

and

flexibility?”可知,所填的句子也應(yīng)該是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句。D項(xiàng)“你想在你最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)中成為一名更好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員嗎?”可以和下文構(gòu)成選擇關(guān)系。38.B

解析:此句為細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)空格后面的“If

you

plan

on

working

out

in

a

gym,that

person

must

belong

to

the

same

gym.”可知,B項(xiàng)“鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近?！笨梢鱿挛?。39.G

解析:此句