國家電動汽車基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施計(jì)劃年度報(bào)告：2022-2023年計(jì)劃-英

National

ElectricVehicle

Inf

rastructureFormula

ProgramANNUALREPORT

|

PlanYear

2022–2023AcknowledgmentsThisworkwasauthoredbystafffromthe

JointOfficeof

Energy

andTransportation:JeanChu,BridgetGilmore,JoshuaHassol,AlanJenn,SteveLommele,LissaMyers,HeatherRichardson,AlexSchroeder,

andMonishaShah.Specialthanksto

stafffromICFInternationalwho

werevaluablecontributingauthorsonsectionsofthe

report:EmmyFeldman,Carrie

Giles,NicoleRodi,AmySnelling,andDrewTurro.Additionalthanks

toreviewersfrom

the

U.S.DepartmentofTransportation’sFederalHighwayAdministrationOfficeof

Planning,Environment,andRealty:GaryJensen,SuraiyaMotsinger,WilliamStein,andDianeTurchetta.ii

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DriveEList

of

AcronymsAFCAlternativeFuelCorridorAFDCBILCCSDCFCDOEDOTAlternativeFuelsDataCenterBipartisanInfrastructureLawcombinedchargingsystemdirect-currentfastchargingU.S.Departmentof

EnergydepartmentoftransportationU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyelectricvehicleEPAEVEVSEFHWAFYelectricvehiclesupplyequipmentFederalHighwayAdministrationfiscalyearJointOfficeNEVINRELO&MRFIJointOfficeof

EnergyandTransportationNational

ElectricVehicleInfrastructureNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratoryoperations

andmaintenancerequestforinformationUSDOTU.S.DepartmentofTransportationiii

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DriveEExecutive

SummaryTheU.S.transportationsectoraccounts

forone-thirdofthenation’s

greenhousegasemissions—thelargestshareofall

primarysectors,includingelectricityproduction,industry,commercial

andresidential,andagriculture.1

Electrifiedtransportationhassignificantpotentialtoreduce

U.S.greenhousegas

emissions

andhelptackletheclimatecrisis.Electrifyingourtransportationsectorrequiresboldactiontoensurethenecessaryinfrastructureisin

place

forAmericansto

be

ableto

rideanddriveelectric.Accordingtoarecentstudyfrom

theNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory,2

1.2millionpublicchargingstationswillbe

neededto

support33

millionlight-dutyvehiclesby2030.TheInfrastructureInvestmentandJobsAct,also

knownasthe

BipartisanInfrastructureLaw,invests$7.5billionto

buildoutanational

electricvehicle(EV)chargingnetworkforallAmericansandalsocreatedthe

JointOfficeofEnergy

andTransportation(JointOffice)to“study,plan,coordinate,andimplementissuesof

jointconcernbetweenthetwoagencies.”TheNationalElectricVehicleInfrastructure(NEVI)FormulaProgramwaslaunchedinFebruary2022,providingnearly$5

billionover5yearsto

helpstates,theDistrictofColumbia,andPuertoRico(hereafterreferredtoas“states”)createanetworkof

EVchargingstations

beginningwithdesignatedFederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA)AlternativeFuelCorridors(AFCs),emphasizingthe

InterstateHighwaySystem.Allstatessubmitteddeploymentplanswhichwerereviewedbythe

JointOfficeandFHWAandcertifiedbyFHWAin

September2022.Thisdocumentprovidesanindividual

andcollectiveoverviewof

thefirst-yeardeploymentplans

and

summarizesthe

keyactivitiesofthe

JointOffice.Highlightedfindings

fromthe

firstround

of

NEVIplans,whicharediscussedinmoredetailin

thisdocument,includethefollowing:?

Everyone

Is

In.

All52plansweresubmittedto

the

JointOfficeby

Aug.1,2022,andapprovedbyFHWAbySept.27,unlocking$1.5billionin

fundingforstatestobeginbuildingchargingstationsthroughtheNEVIFormulaProgram.?

The

Great

American

Road

Trip

Will

Be

Electrified.

JointOfficeanalysisshowsthat

moststates

alreadyhaveadequatefundingto

become“fullybuiltout,”providingconvenient,affordable,reliable,andequitableEVchargingevery

50milesalong75,000milesof

designatedhighwaycorridors.Oncefullybuiltout,upto$3.5billionin

funding

couldbeavailableforEVchargingbeyonddesignatedcorridors.1

U.S.

EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.2023.“SourcesofGreenhouseGasEmissions.”Last

updatedApril28,2023./ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions2

EricWood,BrennanBorlaug,MattMoniot,Dong-Yeon(D-Y)Lee,YanboGe,Fan

Yang,

and

ZhaocaiLiu.

2023.The

2030

National

Charging

Network:

Estimating

U.S.

Light-Duty

Demand

for

Electric

VehicleCharging

Infrastructure.Golden,CO:NationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.NREL/TP-5400-85654./docs/fy23osti/85654.pdfiv

|

DriveE?

A

Solid

Start

to

Filling

in

the

Network.

CurrentlydesignatedEVcorridorscomprise33%

of

theNationalHighwaySystem

and92%

oftheInterstateHighwaySystem.As

of

March2023,679chargingstations

meetNEVIrequirements

fordistance,port,andpower,228ofwhich

arelocatedwithindisadvantagedcommunities.?

Room

to

Grow.

Asa

5-yearprogram,NEVI

andits

plans

willevolveandcontinuouslyimproveto

reflectlessonslearned,best

practices,andinnovation.Several

areasthatcangenerallybeenhancedin

futureplans

includeprocurementstrategies,proposedstationsiting,cybersecurity,programevaluation,meaningful

communityengagement,andJustice40implementation.Thesetopicswillbeemphasizedin

technical

assistanceby

theJointOffice.?

Meeting

States

Where

They

Are.

The

NEVIFormulaProgramallowsforexceptionsto

the

requirementthatstationsbeplacedevery

50

miles

within1mileofthe

highwaywhenextenuatingcircumstancesarepresented.Atotalof

56exceptionrequests(torequirements

forstationspacingalonghighwaysorstationlocations

fromhighways)weresubmitted;18werewithdrawnafteradditionaldiscussionwiththe

requestor

determinedthattheywere

notneeded,29wereapproved,and9weredenied.Key

Findings

from

the

FY

2022

+

FY

2023

State

Plans?

All52plans

weresubmittedbyAug.1,

2022,andapprovedbySept.27,2022—atremendousaccomplishmentbyallNEVIparticipantsandastrongindicatoroftheimportanceofandinterestintheNEVIFormulaProgram,releasing

$1.5billionforfiscalyear(FY)2022andFY2023tosupport

implementationofthoseplans.?

AllNEVIdeploymentstrategiesinclude

designatedportionsofthe

NationalHighwaySystemsasAFCs,roughly75,000miles

intotal,andprioritizebuild-outalongthe

InterstateHighwaySystem.?

Manystatesanticipatedtheywillachievebuild-outoftheirAFCs

infutureyearsandhave

fundingremainingforadditionalcapacityordeployingstationsinnon-AFClocations.The

JointOfficeestimatesupto

$3.5billionofthe$5billioncouldremainafterbuild-out.?

Generalareasofplansthatcouldbeenhancedincludeprocurementstrategies,proposedstationsiting,cybersecurity,programevaluation,meaningful

communityengagement,andJustice40implementation.ThesetopicswillbeemphasizedintechnicalassistanceprovidedbytheJointOffice.?

Toallowimplementationflexibilitybystate,atotalof56

exception

requests(torequirementsforstationspacingalong

highways

orstation

locationsfromhighways)weresubmitted;18werewithdrawnafteradditionaldiscussionwiththerequestordeterminedthatthey

werenotneeded,29were

approved,and9weredenied.v

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DriveEThevisionpresentedin

thefirst-yearplansisencouragingandputs

in

placeastrongfoundationforanEVchargingnetworkthatisconvenient,affordable,reliable,andequitable.The

JointOfficewillutilizethesummaryof

theseplans

toinformprogramimprovementrecommendationsandfuturetechnicalassistanceactivitiestosupportstates

astheybegintoimplementtheirEVcharginginfrastructure.vi

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DriveETable

of

ContentsIntroduction

1National

Network

of

Electric

Vehicle

Charging

Infrastructure

3VisionfortheNationalEV

ChargingNetwork

3StatusoftheCurrentChargingNetwork6FederalSupportforthe

NationalEVChargingNetwork11NationalElectricVehicleInfrastructureFormulaProgram

13Overview

of

State

EV

Infrastructure

Deployment

Plans

17Funding17ProgresstowardaNationalNetwork

17DiscretionaryExceptions26InitialRFIsIssuedwithDevelopmentofStatePlans29Topical

Summaries

from

State

Plans

31Planning31Stakeholder

Engagement33Deployment

Strategies35Labor

andWorkforceDevelopment37EquityConsiderations

38OngoingActivities

42Known

Risks

and

Challenges:

Themes

Identified

by

States

44Risks44Challenges44Areas

for

Additional

Technical

Assistance

46Conclusion

47OpportunitiesforFutureEmphasis48Whatto

ExpectNextYear

48References

50Appendix

A.Appendix

B.Appendix

C.Appendix

D.Appendix

E.Appendix

F.Appendix

G.Build-OutOverview

of

Joint

Office

Technical

Assistance

Efforts

53Annual

NEVI

Formula

Program

Apportionment

Schedule

by

State

55Approved

Discretionary

Exceptions

by

State

57Public

DCFC

Stations

by

Region

58Round

1–6

AFC

Designations

by

Region

61Round

1–6

AFC

Designations

with

Proposed

NEVI

Stations

by

Region

64Methodology

for

Estimating

Number

of

Stations,

Ports,

and

Costs

for

Full

AFC

67vii

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DriveEList

of

FiguresFigure1.EVchargingecosystem4Figure2.Quarterlygrowthofpublic

EVSEportsby

charginglevel7Figure3.Public

DCFCEVcharginglocationsfrom

DOE’s

AFDCAlternativeFuelStationLocator.

Detailedregionalmapsareprovidedin

AppendixD8Figure4.Quarterlygrowthofpublic

DCFCportsby

poweroutput9Figure5.Anewconceptualillustrationof

nationalcharginginfrastructureneeds11Figure6.Comparisonof

total

milesofNationalHighway

System

highway

versustotalmilesdesignatedasAFCs

19Figure7.Round1–6designatedAFCswithexistingDCFCstationsthatmeet

NEVIdistance,port,

andpowerrequirementsareshownas

single

blackpoints,

anddisadvantagedcommunitiesareshadedin

gray.

DetailedregionalmapsareprovidedinAppendixE20Figure8.MapofAFCsdepictinggapsinthenetworkwherestationsaregreaterthan50milesapartand/ormorethan1milefromthecorridor,and/orexistingstations

donotmeetthefour-port

and150-kWpowerrequirements.

Notethatthismapalsoreflectsapprovedexceptionsto

thedistancerequirements(seeDiscretionaryExceptionsformoreinformation).

22Figure9.MapofAFCsand

existingDCFCstations

thatmeet

NEVIdistance,

port,

andpowerrequirements,

aswellasproposedstations.

Stations

aredividedintothreecategories:

existing(black

dots),potentialnewstations

(orangetriangles),andpotentialupgrades

of

existingstations(greensquares).

Statesthat

didnotprovidesufficientdataformappingpurposesareshaded

gray.Detailedregionalmaps

areprovidedin

Appendix

F23Figure10.NationalcomparisonofFY2022andFY2023NEVIFormulaProgramapportionmentsto

thetotalestimatedbuild-out

costsof

AFCsin

eachstate,highlightingpotentialthatsomestateswillhavesubstantialremainingfundsafterbuild-out

oftheir

AFCsto

deploy

onotherroadwaysandlocations

withinthestate.25Figure11.Mapdepictingthelocationof

approveddiscretionaryexceptionsbystate27Figure12.Abreakdownoftheexceptionrequestssubmittedbytypeandtheresultingapprovaldetermination28Figure13.Percentageof

exceptionrequestssubmittedbyreason.

States

werepermittedtoselectmorethanonereasonfortheexceptionwhen

submittingeachrequest.

29Figure14.ArkansasElectric

VehicleInfrastructureDeploymentPlan

31Figure15.Stakeholder

engagementecosystemfrom

Kentucky's

NEVIdeploymentplan

33Figure16.Deployment

strategyfrom

D.C.'s

NEVIdeployment

plan35Figure17.Exampleofadeploymentphasingapproachbyfundingcyclefrom

Pennsylvania'sNEVI

deployment

plan36Figure18.AfewstatessupplementedtheEVChargingJustice40Mapwith

statedefinitions

orlocalindicators,includingCaliforniaandNewJersey’sNEVI

deploymentplans

39List

of

TablesTable1.

SummaryofDiscretionaryExceptions

RequestedbyState27Table2.

RFI

SummaryinStateEVInfrastructure

Deployment

Plans30viii

|

DriveEIntroductionThisreportprovides

anoverviewof

theNationalElectricVehicleInfrastructure(NEVI)FormulaProgram

createdthroughtheInfrastructureInvestments

andJobs

Act,alsoknownasthe

BipartisanInfrastructureLaw(BIL).Ithighlightsthe

key

activitiesof

theJointOfficeof

Energy

andTransportation(JointOffice)inrelationtotheNEVIprogramandprovides

anindividualandcollectivesummaryof

the

first-yearNEVIdeploymentplanssubmittedbystates,the

DistrictofColumbia,andPuertoRico(hereafterreferredtoas“states”)andcertifiedby

the

U.S.Departmentof

Transportation(USDOT)FederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA)in

September2022.TheBIL,enactedin

November2021,

authorizedfundingto

states

andotherlocalities

tostrategically

deploy

electricvehicle(EV)charginginfrastructureandestablishaninterconnectednetworktofacilitatedatacollection,access,andreliability.TheBILalsoestablishedthe

JointOffice,an

interagencycollaborationbetweenthe

U.S.DepartmentofEnergy(DOE)andUSDOTtosupportthesuccessfulimplementationof

BILinvestments.The

JointOfficewas

fundedto

study,plan,coordinate,andimplementontheseareas

ofjointconcern

betweenUSDOTandDOE,including:1.

Technical

assistancerelated

tothe

deployment,operation,andmaintenanceofzero-emissionvehiclechargingandrefueling

infrastructure;renewableenergygeneration;vehicle-to-gridintegration,includingmicrogrids;andrelatedprogramsandpolicies.2.

Datasharingofinstallation,maintenance,andutilizationtocontinueto

inform

thenetworkbuild-outofzero-emissionvehiclechargingandrefuelinginfrastructure.3.

Performanceof

anationalandregionalizedstudyof

zero-emissionvehiclechargingandrefueling

infrastructureneeds

anddeploymentfactorsto

supportgrantsforcommunityresilienceandEVintegration.4.

Developmentanddeploymentoftrainingand

certificationprograms.5.

Establishmentandimplementationofaprogramtopromoterenewableenergygeneration,storage,andgridintegration,includingmicrogrids,in

transportationrights-of-way.6.

Studying,planning,andfundingfor

high-voltagedistributedcurrentinfrastructurein

therights-of-way

ofthe

InterstateHighwaySystem

andforconstructinghigh-voltageand/or

medium-voltagetransmissionpilotsin

the

rights-of-wayof

theInterstateHighwaySystem.7.

Research,strategies,andactions

underthedepartments’statutoryauthoritiestoreducetransportation-relatedemissions

and

mitigatetheeffectsof

climatechange.8.

Developmentof

astreamlinedutilityaccommodationspolicyfor

high-voltageandmedium-voltagetransmissioninthe

transportationright-of-way.9.

AnyotherissuesthattheSecretary

ofTransportationandSecretary

ofEnergyidentify

asissues

ofjointinterest.1

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DriveETheJointOfficeisinitiallyfocusedon

providingunifyingguidance,technical

assistance,andanalysisto

supporttheimplementationof

the

followingfederalprograms:ProgramLead

AgencyFundingNationalElectric

VehicleInfrastructureFormulaProgramUSDOT(FHWA)USDOT(FHWA)$5billionChargingand

FuelingInfrastructureGrants(CommunityCharging)$1.25billionChargingand

FuelingInfrastructureGrants(CorridorCharging)3USDOT(FHWA)$1.25billion$5.6billion$5billionLoworNoEmission(Bus)GrantsUSDOT(FederalTransitAdministration)CleanSchool

BusProgramU.S.

EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)Total:

$18.1

billionCollectively,theseprogramsaccountfor$18.1billionin

investmenttowardelectrifyingkeycomponentsof

ourtransportationsystemtoenvisionafuturewhereeveryonecanrideanddriveelectric.3

TheChargingandFuelingInfrastructureGrantsprogramis

opentoEV

aswell

asotheralternativefuelinginfrastructureprojects.2

|

DriveENational

Network

of

Electric

Vehicle

ChargingInfrastructureVision

for

the

National

EV

Charging

NetworkTheJointOfficeenvisionsafuturewhereeveryonecan

rideanddrive

electric.Realizingthisvisionwillrequireaubiquitous,nationwideEVchargingnetworkthat

increasescoverageandcapacity

whileinstillingkey

valuesthatimprovetheoverallchargingexperienceandenableavariety

of

mobilitysolutions.Critically,thenationalEVchargingnetworkshouldseek

topresentacompelling

alternativetoourcurrentfuelinginfrastructure.Ifsuccessful,electrifiedtransportationhas

the

potentialtomakenotableprogresstowardimperativessuch

as

tacklingtheclimatecrisis,creatinggood-payingjobsthatalignwithemergingeconomic

opportunities,andsupportingAmericaninnovationandenergy

independence.Buildingout,maintaining,andsustaininganationalEVchargingnetworkwillrequirebothpublicandprivatesectorinnovationandinvestment,aswellas

tightlysynchronizedactivitiesacross

abroad

setofstakeholdersincludingalllevels

of

government,automanufacturers,EVchargermanufacturers,EV

chargingoperatornetworks,electricutilities,sitehosts,andworkforceandlabor

organizations.The

Federal

Role

in

the

U.S.

Electric

Vehicle

Charging

NetworkTheU.S.transportationsectoraccounts

forone-thirdofthenation’s

greenhousegasemissions—thelargestshareofall

primarysectors,includingelectricityproduction,industry,commercial

andresidential,andagriculture.4

Electrifiedtransportationhasgreatpotential

toreduce

U.S.greenhousegas

emissionsandhelptackletheclimatecrisis.Asaconcreteandboldsteptowardexpandingthe

nation’s

EVchargingnetwork,theBidenadministrationsetagoalof

500,000publicEVchargingports

by2030,whichisasignificantandnecessaryincreasefromthe

currentnetworkof

roughly140,000ports.5Thisgrowth,sparkedby

generationalfederalinvestments,willalsorequirecontinuedandexpandedinvestmentbytheprivatesector.TheBIL

investsup

to

$7.5billionin

expandingthenation’sEV

chargingnetwork,andamultitudeof

additional

federal

programs

andincentivesincludeEV

charginginfrastructurein

theirscope.Theactionsinthe

BILrepresentthesinglelargestinvestmentbythe

U.S.governmentinapublicEVchargingnetwork.4

EPA.

2023.“SourcesofGreenhouseGas

Emissions.”5

Thestation/portnumberspresentedin

thisreport

areobtainedfromtheU.S.

Departmentof

EnergyAlternativeFuelsDataCenterAlternativeFuelingStationLocator:/stations/#/find/nearest.TheAlternativeFuelingStationLocatorisupdatedoncedailyandonlydisplaysthestations/portsthatare

currentlyavailableat

the

timeof

update.

Existingstation/porttotalswill

fluctuateon

adailybasisasexistingstations/ports

maynotshowup

forvariousreasons(e.g.,downforregular

maintenance,

repairs).Thestation/portnumberspresentedin

thisreportreflectthedataonthespecificdatethe

AlternativeFuelingStationLocatorwasqueried.3

|

DriveEFederal

programshave

beenstructuredthroughcorridorcharginginvestments,whichwillenablelong-distancetravel

ofpeopleandgoods,andcommunitycharginginvestments,whichwillfacilitateshorterday-to-daytrips

aswellas

greateroverallmobility.Corridorchargingischaracterizedby

higher-powerfastchargingalongmajorhighways,whereas

communitychargingwillfocuson

lower-power,ubiquitouschargingathome,as

wellas

destinationssuchasretaillocations

andworkplaces.Itisexpectedthat

mostEVchargingwilloccuratprivateaccesssitessuchassingle-familyandmultifamilyhomes,parkinggarages,andfleetdepots,andthatprivatechargingportswillmakeup

asignificantmajorityof

overallchargingports.Figure

1.

EV

charging

ecosystemFederalinvestmentsinEVchargingareintendedtosupplement,notsupplant,privatesectorinvestment.Similartoothernationalinfrastructure,

federalinvestmentswillfocusonfillinggaps

tofacilitateaccessto

all,with

aparticularfocus

onunderservedanddisadvantagedcommunities.Theseinvestmentsareguidedbykey

performancestandardsandguidancetoensureconsistencyand

instillthevaluesofconvenience,affordability,reliability,andequity

intothe

chargingnetwork.Key

Values

of

the

EV

Charging

Network:

Convenience,

Affordability,

Reliability,and

EquityThroughthe

collaborationfacilitatedby

theJoint

Office,federal

programguidanceandstandardshavebeendevelopedto

promoteacommon,high-qualityexperienceinourEVchargingnetwork.Thiswhole-of-governmentapproachisintendedto

increaseeffectiveness,simplifyimplementation,anddrive

criticaloutcomes.ConvenientTheU.S.EVchargingnetworkwillneedto

successfullyprovidecoverageandcapacitytoensurethatdiverseneedsaremet.Geographiccoverageiscriticaltoensuringthatnomatterwhereoneis,

thereischargingavailablewithinareasonabledistance(e.g.,within1mileof

the

highway).Chargingcapacityensures

thatthenumber

of

availablechargingports

at

agivenlocationisproportionaltocurrentandprojectedfuturedemand.Tomatchtheconvenienceof

standardvehiclefueling,EVdriversneedthe4

|

DriveEconfidenceofknowing

theycan

chargetheirvehicleswhereandwhen

theyneed.TheUnitedStateshasthepotentialtomakechargingmoreconvenientthanfuelingstationsbyaligningthe

chargingexperiencewithplacestravelers

arealreadytravelinganddwelling,whetherat

home,work,commercial

andretailestablishments,orrecreationlocations.Aconvenientcharging

experienceisseamlessandonethatworksforallvehicles,regardless

ofvehiclemanufactureror

electricvehiclesupplyequipment(EVSE).Conveniencemeans

thatchargingissimple,withfewstepsrequiredtolocate,initiate,payfor,andcompletethe

chargesessionwithlittletonowaittime,efficientchargingspeed,avariety

ofpaymentmethods,andnoorlowbarrierstoentry

(e.g.,noprerequisitememberships,proprietaryconnectortypes,orcomplicatedpricingmodels).AffordableEstimatesindicatethatelectriclight-dutyvehicleshavesubstantiallylowerfuelcoststhanconventionallight-dutyvehicles,savingconsumersthousandsofdollars.6

Inaddition,long-term

trendsshowthatelectricityhas

asubstantiallymorestablepricecomparedtogasolineandotheralternativefuels.7

Tocomplementthesetrends,thenationalchargingnetworkshouldbe

builtin

awaythatfostersan

open,competitivemarket.Thiscan

be

accomplishedwith

transparentrequirementsbased

on

openstandards.Byemployingchargerswithstandardizedconnectorsandcommunicationprotocols,existingandnewchargingproviderscanmoreeasilylaunch

andmaintainchargingservicesandfocus

onprovidingagreatcustomer

experience.ThisprovidesEVchargingcustomersandbusinesseswishingto

hostchargingstationswithmoreoptions.ReliableJustas

Americans

expectfuelingstationstobe

operationalwhentheyarriveandforlightstoturnonwhenflippingaswitch,theyexpectEV

chargerstowork.Chargingsessionsshouldbeeasyandquick

tostart,regardless

of

thepaymentmethodusedorvehiclebeingdriven.ItiscriticalforEVdriverstohaveaconsistentchargingexperience,withtheirvehiclesreceivingthe

sameamount

of

power

regardless

ofhowmany

otherdriversarepluggedin

at

the

station.It

isalsoimportantthat

EVchargingisresilienttopower

outagesandsevereweatherevents.The

national

chargingnetworkwillonlybeas

reliableasthe

electricsystemthatunderpinsit.EquitableThetransitiontoelectrifiedtransportationprovidesan

opportunitytoaddress

existinginequities

andimprovemobilityforall.Emphasizingequityandavoidingexacerbatingexistingdisparitiesisacornerstoneinthe

developmentandimplementationof

a6

U.S.

Departmentof

Energy,Officeof

EnergyEfficiencyandRenewableEnergy,VehicleTechnologiesOffice.2022.“FOTW

#1251,August15,

2022:ElectricVehicles

HavetheLowestAnnualFuelCostof

AllLight-Duty

Vehicles.”

Aug.

15,2022./eere/vehicles/articles/fotw-1251-august-15-2022-electric-vehicles-have-lowest-annual-fuel-cost-all7

AlternativeFuelsDataCenter.2023.“FuelPrices.”AccessedJan.12,2023./fuels/prices.html5

|

DriveEnationalEVchargingnetwork.Aslaid

outinthe

NEVIprogramguidance,“manyof

theburdensfrom

the

transportationandenergysystems

havebeenhistoricallyanddisproportionatelyborne

by

disadvantagedcommunities.Unequal

distributionofbenefitsfrom

thetransportationandenergysystems

has

preventeddisadvantagedcommunitiesandminority-ownedandwomen-ownedbusinessesfrom

realizingequitablebenefitsfromthesesystems,whileother

historicbarriersto

transportationhavemadefacilitiesinaccessibleto

individualswithdisabilities.”8,9

Thus,the

potentialbenefitsof

federalEVcharginginvestmentsfordisadvantagedcommunitiescouldinclude,but

arenot

limitedto:?

Improvingcleantransportationaccess

throughthe

locationofchargers.?

Decreasingthetransportationenergycostburdenby

enablingreliableaccess

toaffordablecharging.?

Reducingenvironmentalexposuresto

transportationemissions.?

Increasingthe

cleanenergyjob

pipeline,jobtraining,andenterprisecreationindisadvantagedcommunities.?

Providingcharginginfrastructurefortransitandshared-ridevehicles.Additionally,ensuringthe

accessibilityof

EVcharginginfrastructurecan

takemanyforms,includingensuringthatchargingstationsarephysicallyaccessibletopersonswithdisabilities,signage