安徽省蕪湖市第三十七中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

2023~2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三11月月考試卷英語(yǔ)試卷考生注意：1.滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。3.本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomangoingtodothisevening?A.Gotodinner.B.Visithersister.C.Gototheairport.2.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.She’dliketohelptheman.B.Sheiswonderingwheretogo.C.Themanagerissuretobeattheoffice.3.Howoftendidthewomantakethemedicine?A.Fourtimesaday.B.Threetimesaday.C.Twiceaday.4.Whyisthemanunwillingtotakethesuit?A.Itistoobig.B.Thecolordoesn’tsuithim.C.Itistooexpensive.5.Whatistheresultofthetalkpossibly?A.Noresult.B.ThewomanshouldworkonFriday.C.ThewomancanbeoffonFriday.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)更多課件教案等優(yōu)質(zhì)滋源請(qǐng)家威杏MXSJ663聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatcolorwillthewomanchoose?A.White.B.Yellow.C.Green.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Gettothecinema.B.Gotoashoeshop.C.Gotoapostoffice.9.Whereistheplacethewomanisgoingto?A.Acrosstheroad.B.Behindthepostoffice.C.NotfarfromtheQueen’sRoad.10.Howwillthewomangototheplace?A.Onfoot.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whogavethenickname“BigApple”toNewYorkCity?A.Somepainters.B.Somemusicians.C.SomepeoplevisitingNewYork.12.Whatisthewomanespeciallyinterestedin?A.Amusician.B.Aplay.C.Anartshow.13.Whatdoyouthinktheword“Apple”in“BigApple”refersto?A.Afamouscity.B.Asplendidtheatre.C.Awonderfulconcert.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Apart-timejob.B.Acomputerlesson.C.Asummerholidayplan.15.Howdidthemangetthisinformation?A.Heaskedthecomputercentre.B.Hereceivedaletter.C.Hereceivedane-mail.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherself?A.Sheknowslittleaboutcomputers.B.Shedoesn’thavemuchexperience.C.ShehaslittleinterestintheInternet.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaboutweatherreports?A.Theyaresurprising.B.Theyarenormal.C.Theyareexciting.18.WhatcanwelearnabouttheusualweatherinColorado?A.ItoftensnowsinJunethere.B.ItalwaysrainsinJunethere.C.Itdoesn’tsnowinJunethere.19.Whatotherfactdoweknowfromthepassage?A.SaharaDeserthasbecomelarger.B.Africancontinenthasbecomelarger.C.SouthernCaliforniadeserthasbecomelarger.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkaboutinthepassage?A.WorldWideWeb.B.Weatherreports.C.ClimateinAfrica.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AClaireKingsaysshewouldneverhavestartedgoingtotheGlastonburyFestivalifherfriendwhorunsafoodstandhadn'tneededahandafewyearsago.“Ithoughtitwouldjustbeallnoise,andIneverlikedrockmusic.”Nowshesaysshewouldpayherfriendtoallowhertoworkatherstand!“Theticketsselllikehotcakes,soit'sthebestwayofmakingsureIcangettothefive-dayfestivalinJune,”shepointsout.NickHendonlikesgoingtotheCambridgeFolkFestival,whichtakesplaceoveralongweekendinsummeratCherryHintonHall.HisfavouritefestivalareaistheClubTentwheremembersoftheaudience,aswellastheinvitedartists,cangetupandperform.“Mywifeusuallytakespart.Shehasabeautifulvoice,”hesaysproudly.JoanMitchelldoesherbesttogettotheInternationalEisteddfod,adanceandmusicfestivalwhichtakesplaceeveryyearduringthesecondweekofJulyinWales.ThefestivalisalsofamousforthefinalSundayEveningGalaConcertwhichusuallyhassomeofthebiggestnamesinoperaasguestperformers.“I'veseenDameKiriTeKanawa9JamesGalwayandMontserratCaballe,butnoonecouldevermatchLucianoPavarotti.Hewastrulybreathtaking!”GrahamCrosbytriestogettoasmanyconcertsaspossibleduringtheeight-weeksummerseasonofthePromsfestivaleveryyear.ThePromsisthelargestclassicalmusicfestivalintheworld.“Theatmosphereismuchmorerelaxingthanthatatotherclassicalconcerts.Infact,theaudiencesometimesbehavemorelikerockfans,jumpingupanddowntothemusic,whichisreallyexciting.”1.WhatcanweknowaboutClaireKingfromthetext?A.Shedoesn'tlikeworkingforherfriend.B.Sherunsafoodstandduringthefestival.C.Shegetstheticketforthefestivalfromherfriend.D.Shedoesn'tneedtobuyatickettogettothefestival.2.Whoenjoystheeventinwhichfestival-goerscantakepart?A.GrahamCrosby. B.ClaireKing.C.NickHendon. D.JoanMitchell.3.Whichfestivallaststhelongesttime?A.TheProms.B.TheGlastonburyFestival.C.TheInternationalEisteddfod.D.TheCambridgeFolkFestival.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了四個(gè)人對(duì)四種音樂節(jié)的看法和態(tài)度?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“ClaireKingsaysshewouldneverhavestartedgoingtotheGlastonburyFestivalifherfriendwhorunsafoodstandhadn'tneededahandafewyearsago.“Ithoughtitwouldjustbeallnoise,andIneverlikedrockmusic.”Nowshesaysshewouldpayherfriendtoallowhertoworkatherstand!“Theticketsselllikehotcakes,soit'sthebestwayofmakingsureIcangettothefive-dayfestivalinJune,”shepointsout.(ClaireKing說，如果她的朋友幾年前不是在一個(gè)小吃攤上需要幫助的話，她永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)去參加格拉斯頓伯里音樂節(jié)?！拔乙詾橐磺卸际窃胍簦覐膩聿幌矚g搖滾樂?！爆F(xiàn)在她說她會(huì)付錢給她的朋友，讓她在她的攤位上工作!“門票賣得很火爆，所以這是確保我能參加6月份為期五天的音樂節(jié)的最好辦法，”她指出。)”可知，ClaireKing并不喜歡聽音樂會(huì)，但因?yàn)榕笥言谝魳饭?jié)有小吃攤，讓她幫忙，她接觸到了格拉斯頓伯里音樂節(jié)，她現(xiàn)在想在朋友小吃攤上工作，可得出她應(yīng)該是在音樂節(jié)上當(dāng)工作人員，所以不需要門票。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“NickHendonlikesgoingtotheCambridgeFolkFestival,whichtakesplaceoveralongweekendinsummeratCherryHintonHall.(NickHendon喜歡參加劍橋民俗節(jié)，這個(gè)節(jié)日在夏天的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)周末里在奇瑞·辛頓廳舉行。)”可知，NickHendon喜歡參加節(jié)日活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的““Theticketsselllikehotcakes,soit'sthebestwayofmakingsureIcangettothefive-dayfestivalinJune,”shepointsout.(“門票賣得很火爆，所以這是確保我能參加6月份為期五天的音樂節(jié)的最好辦法，”她指出。)”，第二段中的“NickHendonlikesgoingtotheCambridgeFolkFestival,whichtakesplaceoveralongweekendinsummeratCherryHintonHall.(NickHendon喜歡參加劍橋民俗節(jié)，這個(gè)節(jié)日在夏天的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)周末里在奇瑞·辛頓廳舉行。)”，第三段中的“JoanMitchelldoesherbesttogettotheInternationalEisteddfod,adanceandmusicfestivalwhichtakesplaceeveryyearduringthesecondweekofJulyinWales.(JoanMitchell盡力參加每年7月的第二周在威爾士舉行的國(guó)際艾斯特德福德舞蹈節(jié)和音樂節(jié)。)”和第四段中的“GrahamCrosbytriestogettoasmanyconcertsaspossibleduringtheeight-weeksummerseasonofthePromsfestivaleveryyear.(GrahamCrosby試圖在每年為期八周的夏季舞會(huì)期間參加盡可能多的音樂會(huì)。)”可知，theGlastonburyFestival為期五天，theCambridgeFolkFestival為期一個(gè)長(zhǎng)周末，theInternationalEisteddfod為期一周，thePromsfestival為期八周，thePromsfestival持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。BSinceIwasbornandbroughtupinaruraltown,Ihaveagreatinterestinnature.Havingthechanceofstudyingabroadinmysecondyearatcollege,IdecidedtogotoCanadajustbecauseIwantedtoseethebeautifulphenomenathere.SoafterIfinishedthestudy,IwenttoYellowknifeintheNorthwest.IclearlyrememberthesixthnightinYellowknife.Suddenlymyhostmothercametomyroomaround8p.m.andtoldmetochangeclothesandgooutsidequicklycarryinghercamera.Thenorthernlightswereflickering(閃爍)inthesky!Iwasamazedandjuststoodtherewithmymouthopen.Iforgottotakepicturesofthemysteriouslights.Sincethatnight,wheneveritwassunny,Iwentoutsideatnightandlookedatthesky.Itwassocoldthatmyhandsandfeetwerenumb(失去知覺的)withcold.Actually,thetimeofmybeingabletobeoutwaslimited.Ihadtobringhercamerabacktothehouseinonehouratmost,forthecamerawasgoingtobebrokenbecauseofthecoldtemperature.AsItookpicturesofthenorthernlights,Icametofindacharacteristicmovementofthelights.Theyfirstappearinthenorthpartoftheskyandthentheycomedowntothesouth.Afterthat,suddenly,theycomeinthemiddleofthenorthandsouthonlyforawhile,whichisthetimewhenthebestnorthernlightscanbeseen.Sinceitisonlyafewsecondsforthenorthernlightstocomedowntothemiddleofthesky,itisveryhardtogetgoodpictures.Thestrongerthesunacts,thebetterandstrongernorthernlightsflickerinthesky.That’sbecausetheyoccurfromthecollision(碰撞)betweenatmosphericgasesandsolarwind.Muchmoresolarwindcomestotheearthwhenthesunisactive,leadingtothebestnorthernlights.4.Whydidtheauthorforgettotakepictures?A.Hishostmotherdidn’tremindhim.B.Hewasshockedbythewonderfulsights.C.Helostallthefeelingsinhishandsandfeet.D.Thelightsflickeringdisappearedafterawhile.5.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thenorthernlightscameouteverynight.B.Theauthortooklotsofpictureswithhiscamera.C.Theauthorcouldstayaslongashelikedoutdoors.D.Cameraswillbedamagedifexposedtoolongtocoldness.6.Whenisthebesttimetoseethenorthernlights?A.Theyarebetweenthenorthandsouth.B.Theyriseintheeastandsetinthewest.C.Theyappearinthenorthpartofthesky.D.Theycomedowntothesouthpartofthesky.7.Whyisithardfortheauthortotakegoodpictures?A.Thelightsofthesunaffectthenorthernlights.B.Thelightsarecausedbythecollisionsofgases.C.Thelightsstayinthemiddleforaveryshorttime.D.Thecoloursofthelightsaredeterminedbytheheight.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者出生在鄉(xiāng)下，對(duì)大自然有濃厚的興趣。他利用大二出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)去了解加拿大，看到了美麗的極光?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thenorthernlightswereflickering(閃爍)inthesky!Iwasamazedandjuststoodtherewithmymouthopen.Iforgottotakepicturesofthemysteriouslights.(北極光在天空中閃爍！我驚呆了，目瞪口呆地站在那里。我忘了給那些神秘的光拍照了)”可知，作者被北極光的美景所震撼了，因此忘記了拍照。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Actually,thetimeofmybeingabletobeoutwaslimited.Ihadtobringhercamerabacktothehouseinonehouratthemost,forthecamerawasgoingtobebrokenbecauseofthecoldtemperature.(事實(shí)上，我能出去的時(shí)間是有限的。我必須在一個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)把她的相機(jī)帶回家，因?yàn)樘鞖馓?，相機(jī)快要壞了)”可推知，相機(jī)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間暴露在低溫環(huán)境下會(huì)受到損傷。故選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Afterthat,suddenly,theycomeinthemiddleofthenorthandsouthonlyforawhile,whichisthetimewhenthebestnorthernlightscanbeseen.(之后，它們突然出現(xiàn)在南北中間，只停留一段時(shí)間，這是可以看到最好的北極光的時(shí)間)”可知，當(dāng)北極光位于北部和南部中間時(shí)是最佳的觀看時(shí)間。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Sinceitisonlyafewsecondsforthenorthernlightstocomedowntothemiddleofthesky,itisveryhardtogetgoodpictures.(由于北極光降落到天空中央只有幾秒鐘的時(shí)間，所以很難拍到好的照片。)”可知，因?yàn)楸睒O光出現(xiàn)在天空中央很短，因此很難拍到好看的照片。故選C。CGeneticmodification(基因改良)datesbacktoancienttimes,whenhumansinfluencedgeneticsbyselectivelybreedingorganisms(培育生物)accordingtoanarticlebyGabrielRangel,apublichealthscientistatHarvardUniversity.Whenrepeatedoverseveralgenerations,thisprocessleadstogreatchangesintheorganisms.Dogswerelikelythefirstanimalstobepurposefullygeneticallymodified,withthebeginningsofthateffortdatingbackabout32,000years,accordingtoRangel.Wildwolvesjoinedourhunter-gathererancestorsinEastAsia,wheretheaggressivecanineswerekeptinthehouseholdandbredtobecomedocileandeasiertogetalongwith.Overthousandsofyears,peoplebreddogswithdifferentdesiredcharacterandphysicalcharacteristics,eventuallyleadingtothewidevarietyofdogsweseetoday.Theearliestknowngeneticallymodifiedplantiswheat.ThisvaluablecropisthoughttohaveoriginatedintheMiddleEastandnorthernAfricaintheareaknownastheFertileCrescent,accordingtoa2015articlepublishedintheJournalofTraditionalandComplementaryMedicine.Ancientfarmersselectivelybredwheatgrassesbeginningaround9000B.C.tocreateimprovedvarietieswithlargergrainsandhardierseeds.By800B.C.,thecultivation(培養(yǎng))ofimprovedwheathadspreadacrossEuropeandAsia.Thecontinuedselectivecultivationofwheatresultedinthethousandsofvarietiesthataregrowntoday.Cornhasalsoexperiencedsomeofgreatestgeneticchangesoverthepastfewthousandyears.Themaincropwaschangedfromaplantknownasteosinte,awildgrasswithtinyearsandonlyafewseeds.Overtime,farmersselectivelybredtheteosintegrassestocreatecornwithlargeearsburstingwithseeds.Beyondthosecrops,manyofthefruitandvegetablesweeattoday,includingbananas,applesandtomatoes,haveexperiencedseveralgenerationsofselectiveraising,accordingtoRangel.In1973,researchersalsomodifiedbacteriatobeusedasdrugs.In1982,humaninsulin(胰島素)madefromgeneticallyengineeredbacteria,becamethefirstgeneticallyengineeredhumandrugsapprovedbytheFDA.8.Whatdoestheword“docile”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Gentle. B.Loyal. C.Smart. D.Ambitious.9.Howdidtheancientfarmerstrytoimprovewheat?A.Throughselectivecultivation. B.Byeditingitsgenesconstantly.C.Throughmixturewithteosinte. D.Byplantingitinlargenumbers.10.Whatcanweinferaboutgeneticmodification?A.Itisrarelyseenindailylife. B.Itwasquitedifficulttoaccept.C.Itishardlyinfluencedbyhumans. D.Itplayedaroleinmedicalfield.11.Fromwhichsectionofanewspaperisthetextmostprobablytaken?A.Health. B.Lifestyle. C.Science. D.Agriculture.【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。哈佛大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生科學(xué)家GabrielRangel的一篇文章稱，基因修飾可以追溯到古代，當(dāng)時(shí)人類通過選擇性繁殖生物體來影響基因。經(jīng)過幾代人的重復(fù)，這個(gè)過程會(huì)導(dǎo)致生物體發(fā)生巨大變化。文章主要介紹了有關(guān)基因改造的相關(guān)內(nèi)容?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“…theaggressivecanines(犬科)werekeptinthehouseholdandbred...”及畫線詞后“…easiertogetalongwith.”可推斷好斗的犬科動(dòng)物被養(yǎng)在家里，并被培育成溫順、容易相處的動(dòng)物，由此可知畫線詞意思是“溫順的”。A.Gentle.溫順的；B.Loyal.忠誠(chéng)的；C.Smart.聰明的；D.Ambitious.野心勃勃的。故選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Ancientfarmersselectivelybredwheatgrassesbeginningaround9000B.C.tocreateimprovedvarietieswithlargergrainsandhardierseeds.可知大約從公元前9000年開始，古代農(nóng)民選擇性地培育小麥草，以創(chuàng)造出更大的谷物和更堅(jiān)韌的種子的改良品種。由此可知，古時(shí)候的農(nóng)民是通過選擇性栽培來改良小麥的。故選A。10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中In1982,humaninsulin(胰島素)madefromgeneticallyengineeredbacteriabecamethefirstgeneticallyengineeredhumandrugsapprovedbytheFDA.可知1982年，由基因工程細(xì)菌制成的人體胰島素成為第一個(gè)被FDA批準(zhǔn)的基因工程人體藥物。由此可推斷，基因改良在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域起著一定的作用。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Geneticmodification(基因改良)datesbacktoancienttimes,whenhumansinfluencedgeneticsbyselectivelybreedingorganisms(培育生物)accordingtoanarticlebyGabrielRangel,apublichealthscientistatHarvardUniversity.Whenrepeatedoverseveralgenerations,thisprocessleadstogreatchangesintheorganisms.可知哈佛大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生科學(xué)家GabrielRangel的一篇文章稱，基因修飾可以追溯到古代，當(dāng)時(shí)人類通過選擇性繁殖生物體來影響基因。經(jīng)過幾代人的重復(fù)，這個(gè)過程會(huì)導(dǎo)致生物體發(fā)生巨大變化。結(jié)合本文主要介紹了基因改良的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，由此可推斷，本文最有可能出自報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”版塊。故選C。DStephenWarren,studyleaderattheUniversityofWashington,hasbeenonthecaseofthegreenicebergsformorethan30years.Hefirsttooksamplesfromoneofthesegreenhunksoficein1988,neartheAmeryIceShelf,EastAntarctic.Mostglacialiceoccursinshadesofwhitetobrilliantblue.Thebluertheice,theolderitis.Typically,compression(壓縮)fromaccumulatinglayersofsnowpushesairbubblesoutoftheice,reducingthescatteringofwhitelight.Thecompressediceabsorbsmostofthelightexceptforblue,creatingthebluecolorseenintheheartsoficebergsandglaciers.Thegreenicewassimilarlybubble-free,andyetitlookedgreeninsteadofblue.Warrenandhisteamsoonfoundthatthegreenicecamenotfromglaciers,butfrommarineice.That'stheicefromtheundersidesoffloatingiceshelves.Atfirst,theteamthoughtthatorganicmaterialinthemarineicewascausingthegreencolor.Butfurtherresearchshowedthatthegreenmarineicedidn'thaveahigher—than—usualamountoforganicimpurities.Now,anewstudyfindsthatadifferentsortofimpuritymaybetherootcauseofthegreenice.WarrenandhiscolleaguesreportthatthemarineiceatthebottomoftheAmeryIceShelfhas500timesmoreironthantheglacialiceabove.ThisironcomesfromtherocksundertheAntarcticIceSheet,whichareturnedintofinepowderasglaciersmoveoverthem.Theiceboundironoxidizes(氧化)asitcontactsseawater.Theresultingironoxideparticlestakeonagreencolorwhenlightscattersthroughthem.Whenicebergsbreakoffthelargericeshelf,theycarrythisiron-richicewiththem.It'sliketakingapackagetothepostoffice.Theicebergcandeliverthisironintotheoceanfaraway,andthenmeltanddeliverittootherlivingthingsthatcanuseitasanutrient.12.What'sspecialabouttheicebergfoundbyWarren?A.Theicebergwasold.B.Theicebergabsorbedbluelight.C.Theiceberg'sheartwaspurewhite.D.Theicebergwasbubble-freeandgreen.13.What'stheactualreasonforthegreencolorofsomeAntarcticicebergs?A.Impuritiesofmarineice.B.Reflectionofgreenplants.C.Irondustfrommarineice.D.Compressionfromlayersofsnow.14.What'sthefunctionoftheironmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Deliverthepackage.B.Bringmarinelifenutrients.C.Oxidizetheseawater.D.Breakoffthelargeiceshelf.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AStudyAboutAntarcticB.TheColorsofIcebergsC.TheMovementoftheIcebergsD.TheMysteryoftheGreenIcebergs【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要解釋了綠色冰川之謎，以及綠色冰川的作用?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話“Thegreenicewassimilarlybubble-free,andyetitlookedgreeninsteadofblue.(綠色的冰同樣是沒有氣泡的，然后它看上去呈現(xiàn)綠色而非藍(lán)色)”可知，Warren發(fā)現(xiàn)的冰山的特別之處是沒有氣泡并且是綠色的。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theiceboundironoxidizes(氧化)asitcontactsseawater.Theresultingironoxideparticlestakeonagreencolorwhenlightscattersthroughthem.(冰封的鐵在接觸海水時(shí)發(fā)生氧化，光照耀氧化鐵顆粒時(shí)，其呈現(xiàn)綠色)”可知，來自海洋冰內(nèi)的鐵塵，是南極冰川呈現(xiàn)綠色的原因。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theicebergcandeliverthisironintotheoceanfaraway,andthenmeltanddeliverittootherlivingthingsthatcanuseitasanutrient.(冰川把這種鐵運(yùn)輸?shù)竭b遠(yuǎn)的海洋，然后融化并輸送到其他生物身上，這些生物可以利用這些鐵作為營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。)”可推知，這些鐵的主要作用就是為海洋生物提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)首段“StephenWarren,studyleaderattheUniversityofWashington,hasbeenonthecaseofthegreenicebergsformorethan30years.(史蒂芬是一名華盛頓大學(xué)的研究帶頭人。他研究綠色冰川已超過30年了)”和第三段“Now,anewstudyfindsthatadifferentsortofimpuritymaybetherootcauseofthegreenice.(現(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，一種不同種類的雜質(zhì)，可能是導(dǎo)致綠色冰川的根本原因)”和最后一段“Theiceboundironoxidizes(氧化)asitcontactsseawater.Theresultingironoxideparticlestakeonagreencolorwhenlightscattersthroughthem.(冰封的鐵在接觸海水時(shí)發(fā)生氧化，光照耀氧化鐵顆粒時(shí)，其呈現(xiàn)綠色)”可知，本篇文章主要介紹了史蒂芬團(tuán)隊(duì)針對(duì)冰川呈現(xiàn)綠色之謎，進(jìn)行的研究和發(fā)現(xiàn)。D項(xiàng)“綠色冰川之謎”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HabitstoBeaHighlyEffectiveStudentSomestudentsareabletogetstraightA’sandatthesametimeserveasthepresidentofthreeclubs.However,somestudentsstruggletokeeptheirGPA(gradepointaverage)above3.0.___16___Althoughit’struethateveryone’sIQisdifferent,goodstudyhabitsareveryimportant.Hereareseveralhabitsyoushouldadopttogetgoodgrades.___17___Ifyouhaven’thada“planner”,getone.Manypeopleusetheircomputersandsmartphonestomakeaschedule.Theproblemwiththatapproachisthattheyaremajordistractions(使人分心的事物).Instead,getanold-fashionedpaperandpenplanner.Createaweeklyschedule.___18___Includetimethatwillbespenteating,sleepinganddoinganythingnotrelatedtoschoolwork.Thatwayyouknowexactlyhowmuchyoucanachieveeachday.Takefrequent,shortbreaks.Takingabreakfromstudyingfor15minuteseveryhourwillhelpkeepyourefreshed.___19___Ifyoudon’ttakeabreak,youmayfindyourselfdaydreamingorevenfallingasleep.Takesometimeforsomewater,asnackoraquickchatwithafriend.Takecareofyourself.Duringthefinalexamweek,itiscommonforstudentstofallbehindonsleepandmeals.Makesureyougetagoodnight’ssleepandhaveregularmeals.Studyingwhileyouarehungryorsleepyisineffectiveandwillslowyoudowninthelongrun.Alsotrytomakethetimeforfamilyandfriends.___20___A.Keepthingsorganized.B.Keepawayfromyourcomputers.C.Ofcourse,noteveryoneneedsbreaks.D.Andtheyseemtospendalloftheirtimeinstudying.E.Ourbrainsarenotmeanttoworkforhoursnon-stop.F.Havingagoodsupportsystemwillhelpwithallthestress.G.Theninthedailyschedule,makealistofthingstodoeachhour.【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了學(xué)習(xí)效率高的學(xué)生所擁有的四個(gè)好的習(xí)慣。【16題詳解】上文“However,somestudentsstruggletokeeptheirGPA(gradepointaverage)above3.0.(然而，有些學(xué)生努力保持他們的GPA(平均績(jī)點(diǎn))在3.0以上。)”指出有些學(xué)生努力保持他們的平均績(jī)點(diǎn)在3.0以上，后文應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)導(dǎo)致該結(jié)果的原因。D項(xiàng)“Andtheyseemtospendalloftheirtimeinstudying.(他們似乎把所有的時(shí)間都花在了學(xué)習(xí)上。)”指出，因?yàn)樗麄兯坪醢褧r(shí)間都花在學(xué)習(xí)上，所以導(dǎo)致他們的平均績(jī)點(diǎn)在3.0以上。故選D項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】下文“Ifyouhaven’thadaplanner(規(guī)劃薄),getone.(如果你還沒有規(guī)劃薄，那就找一個(gè)。)”可知，作者想要強(qiáng)調(diào)規(guī)劃的重要性。A項(xiàng)“Keepthingsorganized.(讓事情井井有條。)”也是在強(qiáng)調(diào)規(guī)劃，開啟下文，故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Createaweeklyschedule.(創(chuàng)建每周計(jì)劃。)”是第二條建議，即就是創(chuàng)建一周的時(shí)間表。G項(xiàng)“Thenundereachday,makealistofthingstodoeachhour.(然后在每一天下，列出每小時(shí)要做的事情。)”是承接上文，在周計(jì)劃之下，列好一周中的每天每個(gè)小時(shí)要做的事情，也開啟下文“Includetimethatwillbespenteating,sleepinganddoinganythingnotrelatedtoschoolwork.(包括吃飯、睡覺和做任何與學(xué)業(yè)無關(guān)的事情的時(shí)間。)”具體細(xì)化到每個(gè)件事的時(shí)間安排。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Takefrequent,shortbreaks.(經(jīng)常休息，短暫休息。)”可知，本條建議是要經(jīng)常休息。再根據(jù)下文“Ifyoudon’ttakeabreak,youmayfindyourselfdaydreamingorevenfallingasleep.(如果你不休息一下，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在做白日夢(mèng)，甚至睡著了。)”可知，大腦是需要休息的，不能無休止的工作。E項(xiàng)“Ourbrainsarenotmeanttoworkforhoursnonstop.(我們的大腦不應(yīng)該連續(xù)工作幾個(gè)小時(shí)。)”符合上下文，故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】上文“Alsotrytomaketimeforfriendsandfamily.(也盡量為朋友和家人騰出時(shí)間。)”可知，作者建議要花時(shí)間跟家人在一起。F項(xiàng)“Havingagoodsupportsystemwillhelpwithallthestress.(擁有良好的支持系統(tǒng)將有助于緩解所有壓力。)”正是解釋了作者提出該條建議的原因，因?yàn)榧胰撕团笥训闹С帜軌驇椭覀兙徑鈮毫?，符合行文邏輯，故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AlexisLewis,a7-year-oldgirl,setoutwithherfamilyonatriptoexploredifferentpartsofthecountry.Duringthehoursontheroad,hergrandfather,arocketscientist,would____21____coolideaswithAlexisaboutscience.Eventually,everythinghergrandfathersaid____22____Alexistobecomea(n)____23____.Fastforwardtothe2017KidInventors’DayeventheldonJanuary17inBrooklyn,NewYork.Alexis,17,wasoneofthesevenkidinventorswhoattendedthe____24____.Withanaudienceof50peopleinpersonandmorethanmanyotherswatchingonFacebookLive,Alexis____25____heraward-winninginvention,theBambooTravois.Itisalightweightdevicemadeofbamboo,anetropeaswellaswheels.Apersoncanusethetravoistocarrysomeoneelsewhilewalkinglong____26____.Alexisalso____27____anotheroneofherinventions:theEmergencyMaskPod.Itisafootball-shapedcanister(小罐)that____28____asmokemaskandcanbethrownthroughthewindowofa____29____building.Peopleinsidethebuildingcanputonthemaskto____30____themselvesfromsmokeinhalation(吸入).____31____firefightershelpedhertestthe____32____bythrowingithundredsoftimesintowindowsofsecond-storeybuildings.Theworld____33____newthinkerslikeAlexisandotheryounginventorswho____34____theevent.Kidsaretheoneswhocansolvethe____35____thattheoldergenerationcreates.It’sourjobasadultstoshowkidsthepossibilitiesofwhattheycanmakeandcreate.21.A.receive B.ask C.share D.make22.A.inspired B.suggested C.persuaded D.praised23.A.nurse B.teacher C.artist D.inventor24.A.event B.accident C.organization D.club25.A.competedfor B.talkedabout C.gaveup D.lookedinto26.A.highways B.distances C.blocks D.voyages27.A.made B.discovered C.gave D.presented28.A.contains B.means C.avoids D.attaches29.A.rising B.burning C.nice D.tall30.A.escape B.bring C.protect D.help31.A.Local B.Foreign C.Brave D.Famous32.A.discovery B.invention C.examination D.introduction33.A.appears B.leaves C.needs D.develops34.A.know B.cause C.arrange D.attend35.A.chances B.positions C.problems D.jobs【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.B26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)年輕的女孩AlexisLewis在爺爺?shù)墓膭?lì)之下喜歡上了發(fā)明創(chuàng)造并且參加了發(fā)明比賽，展示了她的兩個(gè)發(fā)明作品，作為成年人，我們有責(zé)任讓孩子們看到他們能創(chuàng)造的無限可能?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在路上的幾個(gè)小時(shí)里，他的祖父，一位火箭科學(xué)家，會(huì)和Alexis分享他關(guān)于科學(xué)的酷想法。A.receive接受；B.ask問；C.share分享；D.make制作。根據(jù)下文“everythinghisgrandfathersaid___3___Alexistobecomeaninventor.”可知，Alexis的爺爺和她分享了很多知識(shí)。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，她祖父所說的一切激勵(lì)A(yù)lexis成為了一名發(fā)明家。A.inspired鼓舞，激勵(lì)；B.suggested建議；C.persuaded勸說；D.praised贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)“Duringtheirmanyhoursontheroad,hisgrandfather,arocketscientist,would___1___hiscoolideaswithAlexisaboutscience.”及下文Alexis成為小發(fā)明家可以推知，她因?yàn)槭艿搅藸敔數(shù)膯l(fā)和鼓勵(lì)，所以成了一名發(fā)明家，inspiresb.todosth.意為“激勵(lì)某人做某事”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，她祖父所說的一切激勵(lì)A(yù)lexis成為了一名發(fā)明家。A.nurse護(hù)士；B.teacher老師；C.artist藝術(shù)家；D.inventor發(fā)明家。根據(jù)第5空后的“heraward-winninginvention”可知，她成為了一名小發(fā)明家。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今年17歲的Alexis是參加這次活動(dòng)的七名兒童發(fā)明家之一。A.event賽事，比賽；B.accident事故；C.organization組織；D.club俱樂部。根據(jù)上文“the2017KidInventors’Dayevent”可知，Alexis參加了比賽。故選A。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：現(xiàn)場(chǎng)有50名觀眾，還有100多人在FacebookLive上收看。Alexis講述了他的獲獎(jiǎng)發(fā)明——BambooTravois。A.competedfor爭(zhēng)奪；B.talkedabout談?wù)?；C.gaveup放棄；D.lookedinto調(diào)查。從下文“Itisalightweightdevicemadeofbamboo”對(duì)于雪橇的描述來看，這里指Alexis在介紹自己的發(fā)明，空格處用“談?wù)摗?。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：走長(zhǎng)路時(shí)一個(gè)人可以用雪橇拉著別人一起。A.highways高速公路；B.distances距離；C.blocks街區(qū)；D.voyages航行。根據(jù)上文“whilewalkinglong”可知，雪橇應(yīng)該是在長(zhǎng)距離旅行中比較適用。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Alexis還展示了他的另一項(xiàng)發(fā)明：緊急面罩。A.made制作；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.gave給予；D.presented展示。從下文“Itisafootball-shapedcanister”可知