《IT職業(yè)英語(yǔ)》課件unit11 Non-finite verb非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的種類非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種：動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞和動(dòng)名詞二、動(dòng)詞不定式1．動(dòng)詞不定式的形式：一般形式是to+動(dòng)詞原形2．動(dòng)詞不定式的用法1)作主語(yǔ)Tolearncomputerscienceneedsourgreateffort.2)作表語(yǔ)Thefunctionofthemodemistolinkmorecomputers.3)作賓語(yǔ)LinusdecidedtodevelopasystemthatexceededtheMinixstandards.4)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Pageprintersuselasertoachievehigh-speedhard-copyoutput.5)作定語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放在被修飾的詞后面）Hehasnochancetopasstheexam.6)作狀語(yǔ)Tobuildyourowncomputer,youwouldneedtheseparts.3.動(dòng)詞不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)是：not+to+動(dòng)詞原形LinusdecidednottodevelopasystemthatwouldexceedtheMinixstandards.4．動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)1) Sheseemstoknowabouttheproblem.(一般式表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作后)2) Thestaffpretendedtobeworking.(進(jìn)行式表示不定式動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)3) Theclientsaidtohavearrivedhereby8:30.(完成式表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前)5．動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài)1) Heneedstorepairthelaserprinter.(主動(dòng))2) Thelaserprinterneedstoberepaired.(被動(dòng)）6．特殊情況1) Theemployeehasnothingtodobutplay.(but前面有do時(shí)but后省略to)2) You’dbettergetthepermissionbeforeyouleave.(hadbetter后省略to,還有hadbest,wouldrather,wouldsooner…than…,can’tbut等后面的to省略)三、分詞1．分詞的種類、形式和特征2.分詞的用法1) 作表語(yǔ)

Thelap-topcomputerisworking.

Heisinterestedincomputergames.2) 作定語(yǔ)

Theclerkcaughtafallingcordlesskeyboard.Theclerkfoundthelostcordlesskeyboard.3) 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

Heheardthecomputermakinganoise.

Theynoticedtheirnotebookstouchedbysomedirtyhands.4) 作狀語(yǔ)

Enteringtheoffice,thebosswasshocked.

Shockedbytheshout,hedidn’tentertheoffice.3. 分詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)

分詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)是：not+分詞

Notknowingwhattosay,hekeptsilent.

Nottoldwhattodo,hedidnothing.4．分詞的時(shí)態(tài)1)Hecametowork,bringinghisownnotebook.(同時(shí))2)Havingfinishedhisworkathome,hecameearlierthanothers.(分詞動(dòng)作在前)5．分詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)1)ThecustomerbeinginvitedisaVIP.(現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)形式表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)2)Havingbeenrebuilt,thecomputerstartedworkingagain.(現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)形式表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)6．特殊情況gone,come,fallen,risen,arrived,grown,returned,passed,changed等作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，帶有書(shū)面語(yǔ)色彩：Summerisgone.Theleavesarefallen.四、動(dòng)名詞1．動(dòng)名詞的形式：一般形式是：動(dòng)詞+ing2．動(dòng)名詞的用法1) 作主語(yǔ)

Playingcomputergamesisgreatfun.2) 作表語(yǔ)

Yourjobisdesigningcomputergames.3) 作賓語(yǔ)

Boysenjoyplayinginternetgames.4) 作定語(yǔ)

Makesomedancingactionsforthevirtualmodelplayers.3．動(dòng)名詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)是：not+動(dòng)名詞Thegirlsregretnotlearningtoplaycomputergames.4．動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)1)Welikechattingonline.(同時(shí))2)Iforgothavingmetthembefore.(分詞動(dòng)作在前)5．動(dòng)名詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)1) Theuserdoesn’tlikebeingaskedtokeyinpasswordsfortoomanytimes.(動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生)2) Thecustomerisdelightedtohavebeengivenaprizeafterhepurchasesthatcomputer.(動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)完成式表示動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生)6．特殊情況在多數(shù)情況下都避免使用動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)完成式，而是用一般式代替，以免句子顯得累贅，尤其在口語(yǔ)中。Irememberedoncebeingdriven(havingbeendriven)fromHarbintoChangchun.ExerciseFillinthegapswithanappropriateformoftheverbgiven:1. Iamacomputerseller.IgohomewhenIhavefinished__________mycomputers.(sell)2. After__________allthedoors,hewenthome.(check)3. Wesawakeyboard__________fromtheshelf.(fall)4. __________,s