高一英語(yǔ)模塊四第一單元教案

PAGEPAGE4牛津英語(yǔ)高一模塊四第一單元教案徐前進(jìn)江蘇省黃橋中學(xué)二00五年五月Period1.Welcometotheunit1.handout1)免費(fèi)分發(fā)的印刷品(如廣告,傳單,講義),分發(fā)的救濟(jì)品Pleasereadthe~carefully.Duringthefloodmanythousandsofpeoplesurvivedon~.靠救濟(jì)品存活2)發(fā)給大家,散發(fā)AttheChristmaspartySantaClaushandedoutthepresentsunderthetrees.Willyouhelpmeto~theleafletatthemeeting.2.statistics1)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字,作復(fù)數(shù)Statisticsshowthattherearemoreboysthangirlsatschool.Haveyoustudiedtherecentdivorce~?2)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué),不可數(shù)~isarathermodernbranchofductn.產(chǎn)品Thecompanysellsplasticproducts.這家公司出售塑料制品。producevt/vi生產(chǎn)，制造producewoolengoods生產(chǎn)毛織品n農(nóng)產(chǎn)品或自然產(chǎn)品的總稱thefieldproduceistransportedbywatertotheneighbouringcities.農(nóng)產(chǎn)品通過水路運(yùn)往鄰近的城市。productiveadj能生產(chǎn)的，肥沃的aplantwhichisproductive多產(chǎn)的植物productiveland肥沃的土地可能產(chǎn)生……的discussionsthatseemtobeproductiveonlyquarrels似乎只會(huì)導(dǎo)致口角的討論P(yáng)roductionn.生產(chǎn)，制造（指生產(chǎn)的行為），產(chǎn)量Productionisupthismonth.本月產(chǎn)量上升。Productivityn.生產(chǎn)力increaseproductivity增加生產(chǎn)力3.service1)可數(shù),服務(wù),幫助,貢獻(xiàn)Doyouneedtheservicesofadoctor?你需要醫(yī)生的服務(wù)嗎？Thehoteloffersgoodservices.這家旅館提供良好的服務(wù)。Hedidmeaservice.他幫助過我.2)可數(shù),公共服務(wù),公共設(shè)施,勞務(wù)Essential~swillbemaintained.基本的公共服務(wù)設(shè)施將會(huì)得到保障.Therearegoodbankingandinsurance~s.銀行和保險(xiǎn)服務(wù)Wegetexportearningsfromgoodsand~s.用貨物和勞務(wù)創(chuàng)收外匯3)不可數(shù),任職,用處,服務(wù)Hehadtenyears’~inthenavy.他在海軍服役十年。Theoldmanhadmanyyearsoffaithful~tothecompany.那老人為公司忠實(shí)工作了多年。The~intheplaceisslow/bad.這里的服務(wù)很慢/很差。Youwillgetgood~fromthistypewriter.打字機(jī)對(duì)你有用atone’s~隨時(shí)為…服務(wù)的ThoroughPPT,Tcanguidestudentstolookatsomecommercialadsandpublicserviceadsandthenaskquestionslikethese:T:Let’sharesomebeautifulpicturesfirst.Whatarethey?(advertisements)Asweknow,adsarepartsofourdailylife.Wecanseethemeverywhere,especiallywhenwewatchTV.Doyoulikethem?T:Lookatthesepictures.Canyouguesswhatkindofproductorserviceisbeingadvertised?(Tthenshowssomepicturesinpartofwelcomingtotheunit)Advertisementisnowplayinganimportantpartinourlife.Doyouknowhowmanykindsarethere?Anddoyoubelievethatadstellthecompletetruth?Let’slookatastoryonP2:Advertisement.Step2R1.FastreadingGuidestudentsgothroughthewholearticle,especiallypayattentiontothetitlesandthesubtitlesofthearticle.T:whatdoyouthinkmightbediscussedinthearticlefromthetitle?AfterSsfinishreading,Tthengoonaskingsomequestionsaboutthepassage.Q:Whatdoadvertisementsencouragepeopletodo?WhatdoesPSAsstandfor?WhatarePSAsmeanttodo?2.IntensivereadingInviteonestudenttoreadthefirstpassageandinvitestudentstogetthegeneralideaofthepassage.DetailreadingReadthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhetherthestatementsinthefollowingistrueorfalse.Advertisementsarefoundinmanyplaces.PSAsareonlyfoundinnewspapers.Alladvertisementstellthecompletetruth.PSAsandcommercialadsusesomeofthesamemethods.Commercialadscanoftengiveusvaluableinformationabouthowtoliveourlives.AnadwarningpeopleagainstsmokingisanexampleofaPSA.(1T2F3F4T5F6T)Discussthestructureofthisarticle.Howmanypartsisthisarticledividedinto?Part1introductionofthisarticlePart2supportingdetailsPart3conclusionTthenaskSstoreadreadingstrategy:howtoreadaexpositorywritingandtellthemexpositorywritingusuallyfollowsthesamebasicformat.Sowhenreadingexpositorywriting,weshouldpayattentiontotheinformationthatcomesafterastatement.Thisinformationusuallysupportsthemainidea.e.g.Let’slookatparagraph3.Whatisthesubjectofthispart?Whatinformationsupportstheidea?Whatistheconclusion?(4).ReadingcomprehensionAskSstosummarizethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenthetwotypesofadvertisements.TypesofadsSimilaritiesdifferencesExamplesPlacesfoundMethodsusedpurposesvalidityCommercialadsBillboards,newspapers,magazines,theInternet,radio,televisionPersuasivelanguage,excitingimagesTopromoteaproductorserviceTheydonottellyouthecompletetruth.‘Bright-teethfightsbadbreath!’‘Youareproudofyourcooking,soshouldn’tyoubuytheveryfreshestfood?’PSAsToeducatepeopleabouthealth,safetyoranyotherissuewhichaffectspublicwelfareTheyarehelpfulandwecanlearnalotbyfollowingtheadvicetheygive.‘Yestolife,notodrugs’‘Knowledgechangeslife’‘ProjectHope—schoolingeverychild’‘smokingiscommittingsuicideslowly’Step3DiscussionNowadsarebecomingpartsofourdailylife.Doyoulikethem?Doyouthinkitisnecessary?Let’shaveadiscussion.Step4conclusionandhomeworkPrepareforlanguagepointsandunderlinethedifficultonLanguagePoints1.meanmeantodo打算做某事ImeanttogotoNanjingtomorrow.我打算明天去南京。meandoingsth意味著做某事Gettinguplatemeansbeinglateforschool.meanadj.吝嗇的Heisameanman.2.beusedtodo/(doing)sth.getaccustomedto(get,become,grow)usedtohappenedinthepastItisusedtocleantheblackboard.Iamnotquiteusedtolivinghere/citylife.Hehasbeenusedtotheweatherhere.Beforecominghere,Johngotuplateinthemorningbutnowheisusedtogettingupearly.IusedtoliveinNanjing.Iusednot/didn’tusetolivehere.Thereusedtobealotoftrees,didn’tthere?Ex.Thenewmachine_____production.HoweverI_____it.(A)isusedtoincrease;amnotusedtocontrollingisusedtoincreasing;don’tusedtocontrolusedtoincrease;don’tusedtocontrolusedtoincreasing;amnotusedtocontrol3.research:1)n.do/conductresearchon:I’mdoing~onads.我正在做關(guān)于廣告的研究。2)V.tostudyItisimportantforabusinessmanto~themarket.商人研究市場(chǎng)很重要.4.sharewith:usesth.togetherwithI’dliketosharemybookwithyou.She_____mytroublesaswellasmyjoys.(B)A.shareswithB.shares(in)5.provide1)~sbwithsth;~sthtosb;Parents~theirchildrenwithfoodandclothing.Heworkedhardto~foodandclothesforhisfamily.Iamalready~dwithallIneed.2)~for:養(yǎng)活,提供生活費(fèi)用;~against準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)付Hehasalargefamilyto~for.Hehasnoworries,onlyhimselfto~for.Haveyou~dagainstacoalshortagenextwinter?3)provided(that)/providing(that)=onlyif;solongasProvided/Providing(that)/Supposingthereisnooppositionwe’llholdthemeetinghere.I’llgoprovided/providing(that)myexpensesarepaid.6.persuasive有說服力的,令人信服的~manner曉之以理的態(tài)度~argument令人信服的論據(jù)~reasons有說服力的理由~article有說服力的文章7.encourage:givesupportorconfidencetosb.Don’tencouragebadhabitsinachild.Theteacher~dhertowatchEnglishfilms.老師鼓勵(lì)她看英文電影.8.believein:tohavefirmfaithinManypeoplebelieveinGod.believe/believeinIdon’tbelieveinghosts.Ibelievethatstoriesofghostsweremadeupbyhumanbeings.9.promote1)促進(jìn),提倡,推廣Wemust~stabilityandunity.Milk~shealth.Thetalkdiscussedhowto~thefriendshipbetweenthetwocountries.Themethodmustbe~deverywhere.2)晉級(jí),升職Hewas~dtotherankofthe1stmate.(大副)Soonhewas~dtobeanengineer.Despitethedifficultieshewas~dtothe4thgrade.promotionn.推銷,宣傳(活動(dòng)),提升,晉級(jí)10.forfree:freeofcharge/withoutpaymentYoucantaketheticketforfree.Everychildcangetabookforfree.每個(gè)孩子都會(huì)得到一本免費(fèi)的書.11.intendto:design/meantodosth.,~+n/-ving/todo/that;~+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)We~ednoharm.Ihearthey~marrying/tomarry.Iintendedtodoit,butI’mafraidIforgot.Doyou~tomakealongstayhere?He~edthathissonshouldinherit(takeover)hisbusinessI~youtotakeover.Let’saskhimwhathe~ustodo.Thebookisnot~edtoenlargevocabulary.Thebuildingwas~edtobeamuseum.Thesweetwineis~edtobedrunkafterameal.Whathesaidatthemeeting____makeustosupporthisidea.A.intendedtoB.intendstoC.wasintendedtoD.isintended注意:sth同:intend/meantodosthsbtodosthintend/meanforTheyintend/meannoharm.Whatdoyouintend/meantodo?Whatdoyouintend/meanustodo?Thebookisintended/meantforyou異:intendtodo/doingsth=meantodo;meaningdoing意味著meansbsth(intend沒有);intendthat打算;meanthat意味著mean有意義,有價(jià)值12.protect…from…:keepsb/sthsafefromWeshouldprotecttheearthfrompollution.Peopleusuallywearsunglassestoprotecttheireyesfrombeingburnedbythesunlight.人們通常戴太陽(yáng)鏡以妨眼睛被太陽(yáng)灼傷.Morerelativephrases:protect/prevent…(from)…stop/keep…from…13.lie:lied(pt,pp),lying(presp)vt.說謊~tosb.aboutsth.Shewaslying!Sheliedtomeaboutherage!lie:lay(pt)lain(pp)lying(presp)vi.平躺Hehaslaininbedsincethismorning.lay:laid(pt,pp)laying(presp)vt.放置Helaidhishandonmyshoulder.Helaidthebookonthedeskandtoldmethathehadlaininbedforthewholemorning.ButIknewthathewaslyingtome.14.cure1)V~sbofsthThedoctor~dherofherhearttrouble.Hewas~doflungcancer.Theillnesscan’tbe~deasily.Thefreshaironthefarm~dmeofmyheadache.2)可數(shù)名詞,治愈,藥劑,療法Thedoctorcan’tguaranteea~.Isthereacertain~forcanceryet?Hehastriedallsortsof~s,butwithoutsuccess.connect:bringtogether/join,常與to和with搭配Thetaperecorderis~edtoaloudspeaker.Please~thiswiretothenextone.Thetwocitiesareconnectedbyarailway.Sheisconnectedwithafamousfamily.Youshouldnotconnectthetwodifferentthingstoeachother.I’llconnectyouwithMr.Wangimmediately.接通王先生的電話connection:n.inconnectionwithTheyareinconnectionwiththecase.與…有關(guān)聯(lián)16.fallforsth.:tobetricked,受…的騙,相信…:~sb/sth熱衷,開始戀愛,傾倒Youshouldbecleverenoughnottofailforhistricks.HesaidthathewasastudentandIfellforit.信以為真Dickfellforbaseballwhenhewasalittleboy.Theymet,fellforeachotherandgotmarriedsixweekslater.HelenwassuchaprettygirlthatBillfellforher.fallguy:personwhoistrickedHowcouldyoubeeasilycheatedbyhiswords?Youarereallyafallguy.fallforsb:beattractedtosb.Theymet,fellforeachotherandgotmarriedsixweekslater.Morephrasesaboutfallfalldown:failTheplanfelldownbecauseitprovedtobetooexpensive.fallintosth:developsthYoucannotfallintothebadhabit—smokingalot.falloff:decreaseTheproductionhasfallenoffsincelastmonth.falltodoingsth:begintodoTheyfelltothinkingaboutwhathadhappenedtothem.17.playtrickson:playajokeonChildren,aswellasadults,usuallyplaytricksoneachotheronHalloween.Theteacheraskedusnottoplaytricksoneachotheranymore.trick:V.tricksb.intodoingsth.Shetrickedhimintogivingherallhismoney.18.commitvt.做錯(cuò)事，犯錯(cuò)誤，犯罪shecommittedanunforgivableerror.她犯了一個(gè)不可原諒的錯(cuò)誤。Theoldmancommittedsuicide.那老人自殺身亡。Vt.把……交托給，把……提交給，把……押交，判處Icommittedthemattertohiscare.我把此事交給他處理。Vt.使承擔(dān)義務(wù)，使表態(tài)，連累，后常跟反身代詞oneself作賓語(yǔ)Youdon’thavetocommityourselfatthisstage.在這個(gè)階段你不需要承諾什么。Youdon’thavetocommityourselfnow，justthinkaboutit.你不必現(xiàn)在表態(tài)，只需考慮干這件事。Exerciseforconsolidation:beusedtodoresearchonplaytricksonshare…withencouragebelieveinlieforfreeprotect…fromintendtobeawareofconnect…withfallfor1Youshouldshareyourbookswithyourdesk-mate.2Iamusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.3Heintendedtofinishtheprojectaheadoftime,buthefailed.4Iwillneverfallforthewordsofdoor-to-doorsalesman5IneverbelieveinGod.6Sheisawareofthedangeraroundher.7Youwillgetabookforfree.8Theteacheraskedustodoresearchonenvironmentprotection.9Thespecialclotheswillprotectyoufrombeingattackedbywildanimals.WordpowerStep1BrainstormingWritethefollowingwordsontheBbandaskstudentstoanalysethepartofspeechofeachword.health/healthy/interest/interesting/decide/decided/decisionhappy/happily/happiness/unhappyTellthemthewaytoguessthemeaningsofthenewswordstheycomeacrosswhenreading.Step2IntroductionofusingsuffixesNoun+y/ly/ic/al/ous/ful/ish/an/ible/→adj.health→healthywealth→wealthyweek→weeklymonth→monthyday→dailyhero→heroicorigin→originaldanger→dangerousmountain→mountainouspoison→poisonoushelp→helpfulcare→carefulbeauty→beautifulAttention:changethefinalletterofawordbeforeaddingasuffix.Fame→famouscompete→competitivepersuade→persuasiveStep3Consolidation：Finishtheexercisesonpage6and7.Step4Languagepointsbetiredof=besickof對(duì)厭煩Shehasbecometiredofdoingsuchthings.這樣的事,她她已經(jīng)干厭了.betiredout=bewornout累壞了Theworktiredmeout.這工作使我精疲力竭.Shewastiredoutbythejourney.這次的旅行把她累壞了.betiredwith=betiredfrom因?yàn)槎趂eeltired/histiredvoice/hertiredlook/hertiredfeettiringjobs/tiringwork/boringspeechfeellike后接名詞,動(dòng)名詞,從句.Itfeelslikerain/snow

Ifeellikeheistellingalie.

Ifeellikegoingtobed.

Doyoufeellikeacupofcoffee?onsale(美式英語(yǔ))降價(jià)出售;(英式英語(yǔ))出售

forsale待售available:可用的,可得到的,通用的,有效的

beavailabletosb

Freemedicalserviceisavailabletoeverycitizeninthiscountry.

這個(gè)國(guó)家每個(gè)公民都可以享受免費(fèi)醫(yī)療.

Thesegoodsareavailableforexport.

這些是供出口的商品.

beavailableforsthdiscount作名詞,(可數(shù)或不可數(shù)),意為”折扣”,”減價(jià)”.Thesegoodssellatadiscount.這些商品打折出售.Theyallowedustenpercentdiscountoff/onthepricesofgoods.

他們給我們按貨價(jià)打九折.

discount:作動(dòng)詞,意為”打折扣”,”認(rèn)為不重要””對(duì)不全信”

Theydiscounttwentypercent.他們打八折.Hisrichexperienceisnottobediscounted.他的豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)不可小看.6.ensure1)“確保,保證”=makesure”

Thebookensuredhissuccess.

Pleaseensurethatallthelightsareswitchedoffatnight.

夜間務(wù)必把所有的燈關(guān)掉.

Ican’tensurehisbeingthere/thathewillbethere.我不能確定他會(huì)及時(shí)到那兒.

2)“保證得到”=makesbcertaintogetThesepillsshouldensureyouagoodnight’ssleep.這些藥可以保你睡一宿她覺.3)“保護(hù),使安全”=makesafe

Parentsshouldensuretheirchildrenagainst/fromdanger.

父母應(yīng)保護(hù)孩子免受危險(xiǎn).

Schoolsmustensurestudentsagainst/fromrisks.

學(xué)校應(yīng)保護(hù)孩子免受冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng).7.quality:作不可數(shù)名詞,意為”質(zhì)量”.

Ourgoodsareofhigh/goodquality.我們的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量好.Webuyproductsoffirst-ratequality.我們質(zhì)量第一的產(chǎn)品.

作不可數(shù)名詞,意為”特性””品性””才能”

他是一位有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)的人.語(yǔ)法：直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)directspeech(directnarration)直接敘述的話語(yǔ)，即直接引語(yǔ)。（thestyleusedinwritingtoreportwhatsomeonesaidbyrepeatingtheiractualwords.）reportedspeech(indirectspeech)轉(zhuǎn)告引述的話語(yǔ)，即間接引語(yǔ)。（thestyleusedinwritingtoreportwhatsomeonesaidwithoutrepeatingtheiractualwords.）Notes:引述一般疑問句或附加疑問句時(shí)，通常用whether或if引導(dǎo)，而引述選擇疑問句時(shí)，一般只能用whether引導(dǎo)。E.g.:“Doeshereallymeanit?”Iwonderedwhether/ifhereallymeantit.“Theyliveingroups,don’tthey?”Heaskedwhether/iftheylivedingroups.“Isthisbookyoursorhis?”Sheaskedmewhetherthisbookwasmineorhis.引述特殊疑問句時(shí)，用原句中的wh-詞引導(dǎo)。E.g.:“Whydidn’tyoustopher?”HeaskedwhyIhadn’tstoppedher.3.引述陳述句時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語(yǔ)中常被省略）。e.g.:Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.3.引述祈使句時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變成帶to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句為否定句，在不定式的前面加上not。Shesaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”Sheaskedustositdown.Hesaidtohim,“Goaway!”Heorderedhimtogoaway.Hesaid,“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”Hetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.在將直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要特別注意幾個(gè)變化：人稱的變化：間接引語(yǔ)是轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，說話時(shí)由于角色的不同，人稱代詞要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況作相應(yīng)的變化。規(guī)律：一主二賓三不變（即第一人稱看主語(yǔ)；第二人稱看賓語(yǔ)；第三人稱不變化）e.g.MrBlacksaid,“I’mbusy.”MrBlacksaidthathewasbusy.“Doyoumindmyopeningallyourwindows?”heaskedus.Heaskedusifwemindedhisopeningallourwindows.2)時(shí)態(tài)的變化：如主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化。中主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)則無(wú)需變化。直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)的變化例句直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)不變一般將來(lái)量過去將來(lái)時(shí)Hesaid,"I'mafraidIcan'tfinishthiswork."Hesaid,"I'musingtheknife."Shesaid,"IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay."Hesaid;"Icametohelpyou."Hesaid,"Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper."ZhouLansaid,"I'11doitafterclass."Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn'tfinishthatwork.Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.ZhouLansaidthatshewoulddoitafterclass.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)的變化例句直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythatdayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenext(following)dayheretherecomegoShesaid,"Iwillcomethismorning."Hesaid,"Thesebooksaremine."Hesaid,"Itisnineo'clocknow.Hesaid,"Ihaven'tseenhertoday."Shesaid,"Iwentthereyesterday."Shesaid,“I'11gotheretomorrow.?“Hesaid,"Mysisterwasherethreedaysago."Shesaid,"Iwillcomeherethisevening."Shesaidthatshewouldgothatmorning.Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.Hesaidthatitwasnineo'clockthen.Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethenext(following)day.Hesaidthathissisterhadbeentherethreedaysbefore.Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening.Somelanguagespoints:1.thrilling1)形容詞,”驚險(xiǎn)的”,“令人興奮的”.Therewasathrillingfinishtotherace.賽跑結(jié)果令人興奮.2)名詞,可數(shù),一陣強(qiáng)烈的情緒(快樂,激動(dòng),恐懼);使人興奮的事情.

Hefeltathrillthemomenthegotintothetheatre.他一走進(jìn)劇院就感到一陣激動(dòng).

MeetingtheQueenwasagreatthrill.Themoviewasfullofthrills.2.overandover(again)一再地,反復(fù)地Herepeatedthestoryoverandoveragain.3.doseem“的確看起來(lái)“Hedoesspeakwell.Shedidcomeyesterday.4.otherthan除了=except

Isanybodyotherthanyourselfcoming?

You’llhavetousethischair;thereisnootherthanthis.在否定句中,相當(dāng)于besidesBesidesyou,nooneisqualified.5.remind提醒,可接從句或不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).MayIremindyouthatthedinner–bellwillringpresently?我可以提醒你晚餐鈴就要響了嗎?Iwritetoremindyoutosendmethebill.我寫信提醒你把帳單寄給我.Iremindhimofhispromise.

Doyouremindhimaboutthebookheborrowed?你給他提醒過他借的那本書了嗎?6.learningsoft:學(xué)習(xí)軟件,動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ),表示它的性質(zhì)和類別.如:sleepingtrain/dining-room/sitting-room/singingcompetition7.user-friendly(尤指計(jì)算機(jī)硬件,程序等)易操作的,易懂的,易學(xué)的.8.wheneverpossible=wheneveritispossibleComeandseemewheneveryouwantto.9.eye-catching搶眼的,由名詞+動(dòng)詞+ing構(gòu)成.如:peace-loving熱愛和平的10.makesb+adj.makemeashamedofmyselfmakethestreetaslightasdaymakesbawareofthedangerPeriod5-6Taskandproject1.increase既可做名也可做動(dòng)，意為“增加，提高，增強(qiáng)”Therewasasteadyincreaseinproduction.生產(chǎn)出現(xiàn)了穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)。Foreigninvestmentsincreasedsixtimes.國(guó)外投資增加了六倍。Heincreasedthesizeofhisfarmyearbyyear.他逐年擴(kuò)大了農(nóng)場(chǎng)的規(guī)模。2.goup在句中表示“上漲，漲價(jià)”Everythingwentupexceptsalaries.除了工資以外，所有的東西都漲價(jià)了。Cottonhasgoneup.棉花漲價(jià)了。還可表示“上升，增長(zhǎng)，升級(jí)”，“樓房等蓋起來(lái)，修建起來(lái)”Nationalincomewouldgoupnextyearby8.6percent.國(guó)民收入將增長(zhǎng)百分點(diǎn)。Thetemperatureisgoingup.氣溫要上升了。Therearesupermarketsgoingupeverywhere.到處都在建超市。Howmanyhouseshavegoneupthisyear?今年蓋了多少房子？3.figure是“數(shù)字”Let’saddupthefigures.讓我們把這些數(shù)字家起來(lái)。amount是“數(shù)量”Iamdoingacertainamountofwriting.我正在從事一定數(shù)量的寫作。rate是“速度，速率”Thetrainisnowgoingatarapidrate.火車正快速奔馳。4.remain/staythesame表示“保持不變”，在此都是系動(dòng)詞，表示“繼續(xù)保持，仍然處于某種狀態(tài)”Sheremainedcalm.她保持鎮(zhèn)靜。Thedoorremainedclosed.門一直關(guān)著。Theshopstaysopentill7o’5.startoff表示“開始”，或“動(dòng)身，出發(fā)”Theplaystartsoffwithamurder.這部戲以一場(chǎng)謀殺開始。Theboystartedoffacrossthefield.男孩動(dòng)身穿越田野。短語(yǔ)startout也有“動(dòng)身，出發(fā)”之意思Westartedoutfromhomeinthemorning.我們?cè)绯繌募依飫?dòng)身出發(fā)。Theprofessorendeduphisspeech.那位教授結(jié)束了他的演講。endup還表示“最后（有某種結(jié)局），最后（成了），最后（到達(dá)某處）”Howdoesthestoryendup?這故事最后結(jié)局如何？Heendedupasheadofthefilm.他最后成了公司的頭。Thecarendedupintheditch.最后汽車掉到溝里。5.vary表示“有差異，變化”做不及物動(dòng)詞Peoplevarygreatlyintheirideas.人們的想法有很大的差異。Thesortofthingvariesfrompersontoperson.這一類的事因人而異。vary做及物動(dòng)詞，表示“變換，是有變化”Youshouldvaryyourdiet.你應(yīng)該變換你的飲食。Oldpeopledon’tliketovarytheirhabits.老人不喜歡改變他們的習(xí)慣。6.peak是動(dòng)詞，表示“達(dá)到高峰”Thefloodwatersshouldpeakatmidnight.洪水在午夜會(huì)達(dá)到高峰。當(dāng)名詞表示“山峰，浪峰，高峰”Themountainpeakwascoveredwithsnow.山頂覆蓋著雪。7.drop句中做不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“降低，下降”還有“掉下，落下”Thepriceofsugarwilldropsoon.很快糖價(jià)就要下降。Theteapotdroppedoutofherhand.茶壺從她手中掉了下來(lái)。Hedroppedhisidea.他放棄了想法。drop還可表示“放下來(lái)，投下來(lái)”“放低，降低”Hedroppedhisbag.他把包放了下來(lái)。 Hedroppedhisvoice,breathingwithdifficulty.他壓低聲音，困難的呼吸著。8.outof…在文中“…中間有”Nineoutoftenpeoplewillagreewithwhatyousay.十分之九的人回同意你的觀點(diǎn)。outof…還表示“從…出來(lái)；出于，由于；用完，賣完；失去，沒有工作”Shewentoutoftheroom,takingtheflowerswithher.她拿著鮮花從房間里出來(lái)。Shediditoutofpity.她出于憐憫做這件事。Getoutoftheway.滾開。Hewassoonoutofpatience.他很快就失去了耐心。Weareoutofwater.我們的水用完了。9.consider表示“考慮”跟名詞Willyouconsidermyrequest?你考慮一下我的要求好嗎？跟從句Thehousekeeperconsideredhowshecouldanswer.管家考慮他應(yīng)如何回答問題。跟動(dòng)名詞Imustconsidergivinganewcourse.我必須考慮教授一門新課程。跟由連接詞引起的不定式短語(yǔ)Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere?10.update表示“更新”，有時(shí)表示“使不過時(shí)，使現(xiàn)代化”Doyouwanttoupdateyourfurniturerecently?你最近想更新家具嗎？11.Itseem(tome)that…覺得，仿佛感覺到，似乎好像Itseemstomethatsomeoneiscallingforhelp.我似乎感到有人在喊救命。Itseemsthatnobodyknewwhathadhappened.看來(lái)似乎沒有人知道發(fā)生什么事了？seem還可做系動(dòng)詞，后面跟形容詞，分詞，名詞，介短Thedoctorseemsverycapable.那個(gè)醫(yī)生似乎很有能力。Sheseemsanunusuallyclevergirl.她看起來(lái)是個(gè)不同尋常的漂亮女孩。12.haveregretted后面跟的動(dòng)名詞的否定式nothavingdone跟不定式Iregrettosaytha