Unit8wele-reading知識點講義牛津譯林版英語八年級上冊

教學(xué)目標(biāo)教學(xué)內(nèi)容8AU8NaturalDisastersWeleReading重點、難點掌握課文大意;靈活運用重要詞匯教學(xué)過程重點詞匯解析1.naturaldisasters【解析】(1)natural,adj,“自然的”，nature,n“自然”naturalgas“天然氣”e.g.Woolenglovesarenaturalproducts.(2)disaster,n,可數(shù)，“災(zāi)難”anairdisaster“一次空難”e.g.Badweathersometimescausesnaturaldisasters.EX:①Everyyear,manynatural_________(災(zāi)難)happenallovertheworld.②Whatwasthemandoingwhenthe__________(地震)happened?③我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常吃天然食品，少吃油炸食品。Weshould__________________oftenandseldomeatfriedfood.2.heartherain【解析】(1)hear“聽到”，指聽的結(jié)果；listen“聽”，指聽的動作e.g.Welistenedbutheardnothing.(2)hearof…聽說…e.g.I’veneverheardofsuchaman.(3)hear＋that從句，聽說…，e.g.Wehearthatthefamousactordiedlastyear.(4)hearfromsb＝receive/getaletterfromsb＝receivesb’sletter收到某人的信e.g.Ihopetohearfromyousoon.(5)hearsbdosth聽到某人做某事hearsbdoingsth聽到某人在做某事e.g.Iheardyousingthatdayintheclassroom.WhenIgottotheclassroom,Iheardyousingingintheclassroom.EX:①我希望能盡早收到你的來信。__________________________________________②WhenSandycametothecinema,sheheardsomeone__________inside.A.shoutB.shoutingC.shoutsD.toshoutmopupthewater【解析】(1)mop,vt.用拖把拖洗moppedmoppedmopping；mopthefloor“拖地板”e.g.Sinceyou'vesplitthemilk,you'llhavetomopit.(2)mopupsth/mopsthup“把…拖干凈”，代詞只能放在詞組中間mopitup(3)n.“拖把”e.g.Pleaseusethemoptomopupthefloor.EX:①Who__________(用拖把拖干凈)upthefloorforusyesterday?②()There’swatereverywhere.Willyouplease__________forme?A.mopupitB.mopitupC.tomopitupD.tomopupit③沒有你的幫助，我不可能獨自拖干凈這水。Ican’t__________________________________yourhelp.4.losefinal【解析】(1)losev.lossn.lostadj.lost(過去式)e.g.Theywilllosethematchwithoutyourhelp.(2)win,v.“贏”，win+比賽，獎項，游戲等e.g.Ihopetowinthematchnextweek.EX:①Myfavouritenovelisl_____.Ifeelverysad.②Thel_____ofmyfavouritenovelmademeverysad.③()Theyfeltverysadbecausetheirbasketballteam_______thefinalthismorning.④我確信我們學(xué)校不會輸?shù)裘魈斓臎Q賽。I’msureourschool______________________________________.5.fallfromtreesandhurtlegs【解析】⑴fallfrom…＝falloff…“從…上掉下；falldown“掉下”；fallover“向前摔倒”；fallinto…“掉到…里”e.g.Hewassocarelessthathefellintotheriver.⑵hurt→hurting現(xiàn)在分詞→hurt過去式①v.傷…e.g.Hehurthisfootbyjumpingoverafence.②v.傷感情e.g.Hiswordshurtme.③v.(身體部位)痛e.g.Myfootstillhurts.EX:①杯子從桌上掉了下來。②這小男孩從樹上掉下來,傷得很重.Thelittleboyfelloffthetreeand③()Theboy_______fromthetreeand_______hislegandarm.A.felt;hurtB.falls;hurtsC.fell;hurtD.fell;hurtscoachcrashesintotree【解析】(1)①coach,n.“長途汽車”，可數(shù)名詞e.g.TheywenttoSuzhoubycoachlastweek.②n.“教練”e.g.Theircoachisverystrictwiththem.③v.“訓(xùn)練，指導(dǎo)”e.g.MrMaoftencoachedourteamforamatch.(2)①crash,不及物動詞，“猛撞，撞毀”crashinto“撞到......上”，相當(dāng)于knock/runintoe.g.Thecarcrashedintoawall.②n,“突然的響聲，撞壞，墜毀”e.g.Theredcarhitthebridgewithacrash.EX:①Hurryup!Allthe__________(長途客車)arewaitingforus.②Somedisastershappenbecausepeoplearecareless,traffica_________,forexample.③()Thedriverdrovehiscarafterdrinkingandcrashed________atree.floodwashesawayvillage【解析】wash,及物動詞，“沖掉，沖走”，多用washsthaway或washawaysthe.g.Thefloodwashedawayseveralcars.washoff/out“洗掉”washoneself“洗澡”EX:①Healwaysbrusheshisteethandw________hisfaceaftergettingup.②Afloodcanwashthevillagea________.③可怕的洪水沖走了成百上千的人。Theterrible_________________________________________.catchfire【解析】譯為“著火，起火”，強調(diào)動作；beonfire也可譯為“著火”，強調(diào)狀態(tài)。e.g.Papercatchesfireeasily.startafire“點火”；takefire“著火”；makeafire“生火”；setfiretosth=setsthonfire“防火”EX:①Theboysplayedwithmatchesandstartedabig__________(火災(zāi))inanoldhouse.②昨晚雷電擊中了一幢教學(xué)樓并且著火了。Lightning_______________________andit__________________lastnight.③()Thathouse_________firebecauseitwastoohotinsummer.A.catchesB.catchC.caughtD.wascatchingshake【解析】(1)v.搖動，晃動,過去式shook.e.g.Inanearthquake,wecanheartheearthshake.shakehandswithsb“與某人握手”；shakeup“搖勻”shakeoff“抖掉”；shakeone’sheadatsth“搖頭”e.g.Thefamoussingershookhandswithme.(2)n.搖動，震動EX:①Givethebottleagood________(搖動)beforeopening.②Thefloor________(shake)slightlywhenshewalkedacrosstheroom.③正在搖頭的男孩是我的哥哥。Theboy_________________________________.shout【解析】shoutforhelp=screamforhelp大叫尋求幫助shoutat沖某人嚷嚷(帶有情緒)shoutto朝某人大叫(聲音高)EX：①Theoldmanwass_________foramoment,thennoddedandwentout.②不該對著老人大叫。______________________________________________③那個在黑暗中的女孩正在大叫尋求幫助。Thegirl____________________________________________重點短語歸納naturaldisasterswakeupbeallwetmopupthousandsofcrashintoatreewashawayfallfrom...catchfirehappentosbatfirstinfearrunoutof...tryone’sbesttodosthinalldirectionsfalldownedownnot...atallsaytooneselfamomentoffeargothroughone’smindcalmdownshoutforhelpfindone’swayoutmoveawayatlastfalltothegroundbefastasleep重點句型講解WhowillmopupthewaterifIgohomewithoutyou?【知識剖析】(1)“will+動詞原形”表示“將要做”。begoingto與will的區(qū)別：begoingto表示即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)e.g.There’sgoingtobeanEnglishfilmthisevening.打算或準(zhǔn)備要做某事e.g.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?I’mgoingtopickapples.根據(jù)某種跡象判斷可能要發(fā)生某事e.g.Lookatthosedarkclouds.It’sgoingtorain.will的用法：表示帶有某意愿色彩的將來時e.g.Iwillstaywithyouandhelpyou.問對方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請或命令e.g.Willyougototheparkwithme?表示客觀的將來e.g.Iwillbetwentyyearsoldnextyear.(2)if是連詞，以為“假如，如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。在條件狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將要發(fā)生的動作，主句用一般將來時。e.g.I’llvisittheGreatWallifitdoesn’traintomorrow.EX:①()Idon’tknowifhe_______tomorrow.Ifhe_________,I’llringyouup.Aes;esB.wille;esCes;willeD.wille;wille②()Weweresleeping________theheavyrainstartedlastnight.A.ifB.afterC.whenD.as③Whocanhelpmewithmyworkifyou___________(notbe)freethisevening?④()Weneedtolookafterthechildren.Wecan’tleavehere_________tomorrow.Peoplescreamedinfear.【知識剖析】(1)fear“害怕，恐懼”e.g.Icouldn’tmovebecauseoffear.(2)fear,v;fearful,adj“害怕的，可怕的”e.g.Thatwasafearfulstorm.Hewasfearfulofheranger.(3)fearless,adj“指人無謂的，不怕的”e.g.Thelittleboyisfearlessinthedark.(4)infear“害怕”；infearof“害怕......”；withfear“由于害怕”；forfear“因為害怕”e.g.Thelittlegirlwasunabletospeakforfear.Thethiefpassedthedayinfearofdiscovery.“in+表示某種情緒的名詞”指處于某種情緒狀態(tài)之中。EX:①當(dāng)碎玻璃和磚塊紛紛掉落下來，人們恐懼地尖叫。People_______________________________________werefallingdown.②他驚恐地看著沖過來的洪水。Helookedatthefloodrunningtowardshim_____________________.Itriedmybesttorunout.【知識剖析】(1)tryone’sbest“盡力”，相當(dāng)于doone’sbest,后接動詞不定式。e.g.Wemusttry/doourbesttopletethework.best作名詞，getthebestof...“戰(zhàn)勝......,占......便宜”givesbbest“認(rèn)輸，向某人致意”e.g.Allright,theygivemebest.(2)runout“跑出去”，runoutof“從......中跑出去”e.g.Heranoutoftheclassroomamomentago.EX:①他們盡力去搬開磚塊，但沒有成功。They______________________________________,Ifailed.②()Itwasinterestingthatarabbitran_______theboxonthedesk.A.outB.fromofC.outfromD.outof③()Iftheearthquakehappens,youshouldrun_________theemptyground.A.outofB.outtoC.outfromD.outat4.Peoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.【知識剖析】(1)while①在......的時候；和...同時e.g.WhilehewaswatchingTV,hefellasleep.②而，表示對比e.g.Ilikemusic,whilehelikesmusic.(2)①directions,“方向”，可數(shù)名詞。e.g.Butterfliesflewawayinalldirections.②“指示，說明”，通常使用復(fù)數(shù)形式e.g.Takethismedicinefollowingthedirectionsonthebottle.③direction的用法：inalldirections“四面八方”=ineverydirectioninthesame/oppositedirection“朝相同/不同的方向”(3)glass,不可數(shù)名詞，“玻璃”，piecesofglass“玻璃碎片”EX:①Myteacherwantedmetohaveone_________(方向).②灰太狼出現(xiàn)后，羊們四處逃跑。WhenGreyWolfcame,thegoats_____________________________.③()Iwasgoing55milesanhour_________thepoliceofficerstopped.④()Mygrandfatherwasreadingnewspapers_______Iwasdoingmyhomework.Ididnotknowifanyoneelsewasnearme.【知識剖析】if,“是否”，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，注意與條件狀語從句區(qū)分。e.g.Iwanttoknowifitisright.Iwilllosethegameifyoudon’thelpme.EX:()①Morning,class.Is_______absent(缺席)today?No,sir.________ishere.A.anybody;NobodyB.somebody;EverybodyC.somebody;AnybodyD.anybody;Everybody()②________Iwastakingashower,Isuddenlyheardsomenoise.()③Iwanttoknowifwe_______ontheschooltriptoSuzhouifit_______foggytomorrow.A.willgo;isB.go;willbeC.go;isD.willgo;willbe()④Youdon’tneedtoworrytoomuch________westillhavehalfanhour.6.I’mtrapped,Isaidtomyself.【知識剖析】(1)①trapv.trappedbetrapped/gettrappede.g.Hewastrappedintheoldhouse.②betrappedin/at/under＋地點，被困在某地(2)saytooneself“自言自語”EX:①當(dāng)他被困在下面的時候沒有任何東西吃。Hehadnotingtoeatwhenhe_______________underit.②Theytheburninghotel.（被困在）③Theliftbrokedownandweweret_________inside.Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind,butItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.【知識剖析】(1)moment,n.可數(shù)“片刻，瞬間”，amomentoffear“一陣恐懼”e.g.Thisisthehappiestmomentofhislife.atthemoment“此時，此刻”forthemoment“暫時”inamoment“立刻”foramoment“一會兒”atanymoment“隨時”amomentago“剛才”justamoment“等會兒”(2)through與across的區(qū)別：through通過，穿過(空間)，側(cè)重指從一個物體的內(nèi)部或空間的一頭縱穿到另一頭。across橫過，穿過，跨過，側(cè)重指從物體表面的一邊到另一邊。e.g.Wewerewalkingthroughtheforestwhiletheywereswimmingacrosstheriver.(3)calm是不及物動詞，意為“平靜下來，鎮(zhèn)靜下來”，calmdown是“動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，其賓語是代詞時，只能放在兩者之間。(4)alive活著的，作表語，反義詞dead，catch…alive活捉。living活生生的，作定語,也可在系動詞后作表語，反義詞dead.e.g.Wewerehappythatthelittlegirlwasalive,Therearenolivingthingsinthemoon.Ishisgrandfatherstillliving?(5)since,既然，由于e.g.Sincehewasbusy,hedidn’te.辨析：since,as與because①since表示稍加分析就得出來的雙方都知道的原因，意為“既然”，常用于句首。e.g.Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.②as引導(dǎo)的從句多置于句首，表示十分明顯的原因，意為“由于，鑒于”。e.g.Asyouweren’tthere,Ileftamessage.③because引導(dǎo)的從句常用于句末，表示直接的原因或理由，表示必然性；常用于回答why引導(dǎo)的問句。e.g.IwaslatebecauseIwasillyesterday.EX:①CouldIspeaktoyouforam____________?②()Tim’smotherwasfrightenedafterthebigstormandhetriedto_________.A.calmedherdownB.calmeddownherC.calmdownherD.calmherdown③聽了這美妙的音樂后我平靜下來了。I________________________________tothebeautifulmusic.④她突然不流淚了，腦中掠過一陣恐懼。Suddenlyhertearsstoppedand____________________________.⑤He.他活捉了一頭熊。Isuddenlyheardsomenoiseaboveme.【知識剖析】above,介詞，意為“在......上面，上方”。e.g.Mybedroomisjustabove.above,over和on的區(qū)別：①above意為“高于，在......之上”，它表示某物體處于比另一軀體更高的位置，但不一定在正上面，反義詞為below.e.g.Theplaneisflyingaboveourheads.②over意為“在......的正上方”，指垂直方向，但不接觸，反義詞為under.e.g.Hejumpedoverthedeskeasily.③on指兩個物體表面接觸，一個在另一個上面。e.g.MyEnglishbookisonthedesk.EX:()①Ithung(懸掛)there,abouttwentyfeet________theground.()②Atfirst,Davidfeltasenseofcold________hisbody.A.crossB.acrossC.byD.through動詞填空Theladyinared