廣東省2022年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案-專題三數(shù)詞

專題三數(shù)詞考點(diǎn)廣東省卷近5年中考統(tǒng)計(jì)情況201720182019202020211.基數(shù)詞√√2.序數(shù)詞√√√√?？蓟鶖?shù)詞、序數(shù)詞一覽表1-12基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞縮寫13-19基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞縮寫onefirst1stthirteenthirteenth13thtwosecond2ndfourteenfourteenth14ththreethird3rdfifteenfifteenth15thfourfourth4thsixteensixteenth16thfivefifth5thseventeenseventeenth17thsixsixth6theighteeneighteenth18thsevenseventh7thnineteennineteenth19theighteighth8th整十、整百基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞縮寫nineninth9thtwentytwentieth20thtententh10ththirtythirtieth30theleveneleventh11thfortyfortieth40th續(xù)表1-12基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞縮寫13-19基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞縮寫twelvetwelfth12thfiftyfiftieth50th兩位數(shù)和多位數(shù)(整數(shù)除外)基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞縮寫sixtysixtieth60thseventyseventieth70thtwenty-onetwenty-first21steightyeightieth80thninety-fiveninety-fifth95thninetyninetieth90thonehundredandoneonehundredandfirst101sthundredhundredth100th注意:基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的規(guī)律1.無(wú)規(guī)律變化:first,second,third2.4-19的變化規(guī)則:在基數(shù)詞詞尾加th,特殊:fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth3.20-90的整十位數(shù),把y變成ie再加th:twenty—twentieth,forty—fortieth4.兩位數(shù)和多位數(shù)(整數(shù)除外)的基數(shù)詞,只需把個(gè)位變成序數(shù)詞:twenty-one—twenty-first【考點(diǎn)一】基數(shù)詞的用法用法示例(1)1以上的基數(shù)詞放在可數(shù)名詞前,名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。pieceof,pairof等短語(yǔ)后不管接可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞,of前的量詞前有大于1的數(shù)詞時(shí),量詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Ihavea/onebrotherandtwosisters.我有一個(gè)弟弟和兩個(gè)妹妹。(2)“基數(shù)詞+名詞”構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞時(shí),數(shù)詞和名詞之間應(yīng)用連字符“-”連接:數(shù)詞大于1時(shí),名詞也不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。We'llhaveatwo-weekholiday.我們將有一個(gè)為期兩周的假期。(3)hundred,thousand,million和billion的用法①這些詞前有確定數(shù)字時(shí),詞后都不加-s。one/ahundredcars一百輛汽車threethousandapples三千個(gè)蘋果②這些詞前沒(méi)有確定數(shù)字時(shí),詞后加-s,且后面接of。hundredsoftrees成百上千的樹(shù)木thousandsofbooks成千上萬(wàn)的書籍③這些詞前有相對(duì)具體數(shù)詞(如several,afew等)時(shí),詞后不加-s,也不接of。severalhundredtourists幾百個(gè)游客【考點(diǎn)·練】(B)1.Everyyear,_______booksaregivenawaytothepoorchildreninthecountryside.

A.thousand B.thousandsofC.thousandof D.thousands(B)2.Wegaveaway_______bookstotheschoollibrarylastyear.

A.sixthousands B.sixthousandC.sixthousandsof D.sixthousandof(A)3.—Howmanybooksarethereontheshelf?—Well.Ithinkthereare_______books.

A.twohundredandforty-six B.twohundredsandfortyC.twohundredfourteen D.twohundredfortieth(B)4.Theyworkedfor_______days,andfinishedthe_______tasksuccessfully.

A.twelve;two B.twelve;second C.twelfth;two D.twelfth;second【考點(diǎn)二】序數(shù)詞的基本用法用法示例(1)序數(shù)詞在句子中主要用作定語(yǔ),因此,前面要加定冠詞the。Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.一月是一年中的第一個(gè)月。(2)序數(shù)詞前不用the的情況①序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞時(shí)。ThisismythirdvisittoBeijing.這是我第三次來(lái)北京參觀。②序數(shù)詞用于固定搭配時(shí)。firstofall首先;everythirdday每三天③在日期表達(dá)中。May(the)1st5月1日④并列使用兩個(gè)序數(shù)詞時(shí),后面序數(shù)詞前的定冠詞省略。theeighthandninthpages第八頁(yè)和第九頁(yè)(3)序數(shù)詞起副詞的作用,作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),前面一般不用冠詞。Hecamesecondintherace.他比賽中獲得了第二名。(4)表示“再一、又一”時(shí),序數(shù)詞前一般用不定冠詞。We'llhavetodoitasecondtime.我們得重做一次?！究键c(diǎn)·練】(C)1.Thereare_______peopleinDale'sfamily.Theyliveonthe_______floor.

A.five;nine B.fifth;nine C.five;ninth D.fifth;ninth(D)2.Pleasepassme_______bookontheright.

A.four B.fourth C.thefour D.thefourth(B)3.Theapartmenthas_______floorsandMrGreenlivesonthe_______floor.

A.twelfth;twelfth B.twelve;twelfth C.twelfth;twelve D.twelve;twelve【考點(diǎn)三】其他重點(diǎn)用法1.表達(dá)年、月、日用法示例(1)年和年代用基數(shù)詞,多用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示。in1997在1997年(2)表示“幾十年代”用整十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)。inthe1980s在20世紀(jì)80年代(3)表示“某日”,書寫形式可以用基數(shù)詞,也可以用序數(shù)詞。讀時(shí)一般按序數(shù)詞形式。英語(yǔ)年、月、日的排列順序?yàn)?月→日→年或日→月→年。如果用of結(jié)構(gòu)只能是:日→月→年。August8(th),2017/8(th)August,2017/the8thofAugust,20172017年8月8日(4)表達(dá)世紀(jì)①可以用定冠詞加序數(shù)詞加century(世紀(jì))表示inthesixth/6thcentury在6世紀(jì)②世紀(jì)可以用定冠詞加百位進(jìn)數(shù)加-s/-'s表示inthe1900s/1900's在20世紀(jì)年份的讀法①一般情況下,將表示年份的四個(gè)數(shù)字按前后分為兩組,每一組的數(shù)字都按基數(shù)詞讀1898年讀作:eighteenninety-eight②如果前兩個(gè)數(shù)字為非“零”數(shù)字,后兩位數(shù)分別為“零”,則先讀出前兩位數(shù),然后將后面的兩個(gè)“零”讀為hundred。1900年讀作:nineteenhundred③第三個(gè)數(shù)字為“零”(其他數(shù)字不是“零”)的年份,將該“零”讀為O〔??〕。1809年讀作:eighteenOnine續(xù)表用法示例④表示年份的四個(gè)數(shù)字;中間兩個(gè)數(shù)字為“零”的年份,有兩種讀法:前兩位數(shù)字按基數(shù)詞讀整十,第三個(gè)數(shù)字讀O〔??〕,第四位數(shù)字讀基數(shù)詞;或者用“...thousandand...”。2008年讀作:twentyOeight或twothousandandeight⑤非四位數(shù)的年份,有兩種讀法:按照基數(shù)詞的方法來(lái)讀或者一個(gè)一個(gè)數(shù)字來(lái)讀。531BC讀作:fivethreeoneBC或fivehundredandthirty-oneBC2.表達(dá)編號(hào)用法示例編號(hào)的表示法:名詞(首字母大寫)+基數(shù)詞(首字母大寫)=the+序數(shù)詞(首字母小寫)+名詞(首字母小寫)=名詞(首字母大寫)+阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。UnitFive=thefifthunit=Unit5第五單元PageFour=thefourthpage=Page4第四頁(yè)但如果數(shù)字較大時(shí),特別是房間、公交車號(hào)等,多用“名詞+阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字”形式。Room308308號(hào)房間BusNo.3三路公共汽車3.表達(dá)頁(yè)碼、段落用法示例表示第幾頁(yè)或第幾段用“Page/Paragraph+基數(shù)詞”或“the+序數(shù)詞+page/paragraph”PleaseturntoPagefourandreadthefourthparagraph.請(qǐng)翻到第四頁(yè),讀第四段。4.表達(dá)時(shí)刻時(shí)間順讀法逆讀法規(guī)律six(o'clock)/表達(dá)時(shí)刻用基數(shù)詞順讀法:小時(shí)+分鐘逆讀法:先讀分鐘后讀小時(shí)sixthirtyhalfpastsix①分鐘小于或等于30用past8:28=twentyeightpasteight②分鐘大于30用to,分鐘數(shù)用60減,小時(shí)數(shù)要加1(差多少分鐘到下一鐘點(diǎn))8:52=eight(60-52)tonine(8+1)③半小時(shí)用half,一刻鐘(15分鐘)用quarter4:15=aquarterpastfour④一個(gè)半小時(shí):onehourandahalf=oneandahalfhourssixfifteenaquarterpastsixsixforty-fiveaquartertosevensixtentenpastsixsixfifty-twoeighttoseven5.表達(dá)年齡用法示例(1)一般直接用基數(shù)詞表示Herdaughteriseighteen.她的女兒18歲。(2)用“基數(shù)詞+yearsold”表示Herdaughteriseighteenyearsold.她的女兒18歲。(3)“基數(shù)詞+名詞+old”也可以構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞,表示“……歲的”,此結(jié)構(gòu)常作定語(yǔ),三個(gè)詞之間都用連字符連接,前面的數(shù)字大于1時(shí),中間的名詞詞尾也不能加-sAthree-year-oldboyisplayingwithhissisterongrass.一個(gè)3歲的小男孩正在草地上同他姐姐一起玩耍。(4)“幾十歲”,用整十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)。inhiseighties在他80多歲時(shí)6.倍數(shù)與度量單位的表達(dá)法倍數(shù)的表達(dá)一倍=once兩倍=twice三倍以上=基數(shù)詞+times度量單位的表達(dá)1厘米=1centimeter3英尺=3feet2英寸=2inches9米深=9metersdeep10米寬=10meterswide11米長(zhǎng)=11meterslong6千米=6kilometers(km)4千克=4kilograms(kg)5磅=5pounds示例Thisbookistwicethickerthanthatone.這本書比那本書厚兩倍(這本書是那本書的三倍厚)。Theyhavedonethreetimesasmuchhouseworkaswedo.他們做的家務(wù)活是我們的三倍。7.分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞1/3onethird;1/9oneninth分子大于“1”,分母則加“s”2/3twothirds;7/8seveneighths一些特殊的詞1/2a(one)half;1/4onefourth或a(one)quarter3/4threefourths或threequarters小數(shù)的表達(dá)表示有小數(shù)的詞用基數(shù)詞,小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀point,0讀o〔??〕或zero,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后的數(shù)字按個(gè)位基數(shù)詞依次讀出即可。7.05sevenpointzerofive3.14159threepointonefouronefivenine百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)百分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞+percent來(lái)表示(先讀基數(shù)詞,再讀百分號(hào))50%fiftypercent0.8%zeropointeightpercent注意:分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)后的名詞來(lái)確定,如果是不可數(shù)名詞就要用單數(shù),是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)則用復(fù)數(shù)。如:①OnethirdofthestudentsinourclasshavebeentotheGreatWall.我們班三分之一的學(xué)生去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。②Fourfifthsofthewaterisdrunkbythechildren.五分之四的水被孩子們喝了。【考點(diǎn)·練】(A)1.Lastyear,onehundredEnglishteacherstookpartinthe_______EnglishSummerTraining.

A.two-month B.two-months C.twomonths D.twomonth(B)2.About_______ofthestudentsinGradeNinethisyearwereborninthe_______.

A.threefive;1996 B.threefifths;1990s C.thirdfifth;1997 D.thirdfifths;1990s(D)3.ThewordsfromPage1toPage3areveryclear.Buttheonesonthe_______pagearenot.

A.first B.two C.three D.fourth(A)4.Whatdoyouthinkisthegreatestinventionsof_______century?

A.thetwentieth B.twentieth C.twenty D.thetwenty(B)1.(2019·襄陽(yáng)中考)—IsDongjinHigh-speedRailwayStationthe_______largestinHubeiProvince?

—Yes,ofcourse.It'sjustalittlesmallerthanthelargestoneinWuhan.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth(B)2.(2020·黔南州中考)Tomorrowwearegoingtocelebratemydeargrandpa's_______birthday.

A.eighty B.eightieth C.eight D.eighth(A)3.(2020·鄂州中考)Becauseofthespecialsituationthisyear,about_______ofthestudentsinourschool_______havingclassesontheInternetathome.

A.twothirds;are B.twothird;isC.secondthirds;are D.twothirds;is(C)4.(2020·益陽(yáng)中考)Weallknowthat_______birdsflytoDongtingLakeinwinter.

A.million B.millions C.millionsof D.millionof(B)5.(2020·廣元中考)Therearefiftystudentsinthisclass,_______ofthemareboys,sothenumberoftheboysis30.

A.threefifth B.threefifths C.threefive D.thirdfive(D)6.(2020·百色中考)Theenvironmentherebecomesbetterandbetter._______birdsarecomingback.

A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Thousand D.Thousandsof(B)7.(2021·達(dá)州中考)Mymotherwillbe_______yearsoldnextweek.I'mplanningtobuyagiftforher_______birthday.

A.fourty;fourtieth B.forty;fortiethC.fourty;fortieth D.forty;fourtieth(B)8.(2021·瀘州中考)—WhenwastheCommunistPartyofChinafounded?—In1921.It'sher_______birthdaythisyear.

A.hundred B.hundredth C.hundredsof D.thehundredth(B)9.(2021·武威中考)—What'stwentyandfifty?—It's_______.

A.fifty B.seventy C.eighty D.ninety(B)10.(2021·黔東南州中考)About_______ofthestudentsinKaili_______toschoolbybus.

A.twofifth;go B.twofifths;go C.twofifth;goes D.twofifths;goes語(yǔ)法選擇Inafar-awayplace,therewasavillage.Thevillagewasricherinpotatoesthananywhereelseinthecountry.Attheendofeverygrowingseason,1potatoesweredugoutoftheground,andreadiedformarket.Ineachhome,menandwomenwould2dividethepotatoesintothreegroups—large,mediumandsmall.

Oneyear,therewasayoungman3receivedhisshareofthepotatoes.Astheothervillagerswereworking,hewalkedaroundthevillagelaughingandtalking.4villagersthoughthewaslazy,andtheyworriedthatthismanwouldneverget5potatoesreadyintime.Whenitwastimeforthevillagerstogotomarket,theyweregr