Unit132d時態(tài)復習-九年級英語全冊（人教版）

Unit13We'retryingtosavetheearth!

2d&時態(tài)復習講練PollutionCausesAirpollutionRevisionTheairisbadlypollutedbecausetherearemorecarsontheroadthesedays.Factoriesthatburncoalalsopollutetheairwithalotofblacksmoke.Thereisalsotoomuchrubbishandwaste.Peoplearethrowingawaythingseveryday.Peoplearealsolitteringinpublicplaceslikeparks.Thisisturningbeautifulplacesintouglyones.Whatdoyouthinkhascausedthisproblem?Let’stalkaboutthethingswecandotohelp.Readtheconversationin2dandfillinthechart.PollutionWaystosolvetheproblemAirpollutionWastepollutionRideabike,takethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.Bringabagtogoshopping.Don’ttakewoodenchopsticksorplasticforkswhenyoubuytakeawayfood.Throwrubbishinthebins.Role-playtheconversation.2dInterviewer:JasonandSusan,whatareyourideasforsolvingthese

problems?Jason:Well,tocutdown

airpollution,weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.Susan:Yeah,orrideabike.Thereareotheradvantagesofbikeriding.It’sgoodforhealthanditdoesn’tcostanything!Interviewer:Greatideas!Whataboutwastepollution?Susan:Mmm,Ithinksimplethingslikebringing

abagtogoshoppingcanhelp.Istarteddoingthatayearago.Jason:Me,too.Also,InevertakewoodenchopsticksorplasticforkswhenIbuytakeawayfood.Iusetheonesathome.Susan:Andrememberto

throwrubbishinthebinsandkeeppublicplacescleanandbeautifulforeveryone.Interviewer:Sotogether,ouractionscanmakea

differenceandleadto

better

future!Whatshouldwedo?1.Weshouldtake_______or_______insteadofdriving.2.Weshouldalso__________________.It’sgoodforhealth!3.Bring_______togoshopping.4.Nevertake_________________or__________whenbuyingtakeawayfood.5.______________inthebinsandkeeppublicplacescleanandbeautiful.thebussubwayrideabikeabagwoodenchopsticksplasticforksThrowrubbishWhatshouldwedotosavetheearth?Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom.Walkinginsteadoftakingcars.Stopusingpapertowelsornapkins.Recyclebooksandpaper.1.We'retryingtosavetheearth.2.Noscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.3.Theairisbadlypolluted.4.Theriverusedtobesoclean.5.Weshouldhelpsavethesharks.GrammarFocus現在進行時usedto被動語態(tài)現在完成時情態(tài)動詞現在進行時:表示說話時正在進行的，目前正在發(fā)生的動作?，F在進行時現在完成時情態(tài)動詞用來表示能力、應該、請求等,后接動詞原形。被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的承受者。usedto

意為“過去常常”，表示過去習慣性的動作或常常存在的狀態(tài)。情態(tài)動詞Payattentiontothecircledparts.現在完成時：表示過去發(fā)生的動作與現在有關，指過去的動作對現在造成的影響、結果等。01現在進行時:Presentprogressive現在進行時基本結構基本用法標志詞be(am,is,are)+ing

說話瞬間正在進行或發(fā)生的動作

現階段或當前一段時間之內正在進行的動作now,look,listen,rightnow等動詞-ing形式的構成一般情況下，在動詞詞尾后加-ing。如：go→going以不發(fā)音的e結尾的動詞，去掉e加-ing。如:have→having以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的動詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ing。如：stop→stopping三、用法1.表示說話時正在進行的，目前正在發(fā)生的動作。

時間狀語：now,atthemoment,,atpresent,以及當句首出現look(看)或listen(聽)表示提醒時,后面的句子也要用現在進行時e.g.Look!Thebirdisflyingaway.看，那只鳥正在飛走。e.g.Heiswatchingamovienow.他現在正在看電影。

2、動詞come,start,arrive,leave,go叫趨向動詞,可用進行時態(tài)表將來，表示一種預先的“意圖”或“安排”e.g.ManydoctorsareleavingforWuhannextweek.許多醫(yī)生下周要動身去武漢。3、表示目前一段時間內正在進行，但說話時可能沒有進行的動作

e.g.IamstudyingChineseontheInternetthesedays.

我這些天正通過互聯網學習漢語。4、表示反復發(fā)生的動作，常與always，allthetime等連用，此時句子常含有說話者的強烈情感在內。表達較強的“責備”或“表揚”之意e.g.Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.他總是為別人著想。(表揚)e.g.Lilyisalwayslyingtoherteachers.

麗麗總是跟她的老師撒謊（責備）一、定義:①表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。②表示過去發(fā)生并且一直持續(xù)到現在的動作或狀態(tài),主句的謂語用延續(xù)性動詞。二、結構:主語+have/has（助動詞）+done肯定句：主語+have/has+done+其他否定句：主語+haven’t/hasn’t+done+其他一般疑問句：

Have/Has+主語+done+…？肯定答語：Yes,主語+have/has.否定答語：No,主語+haven’t/hasn’t.二、現在完成時規(guī)則變化:動詞過去分詞的變化規(guī)則示例Infinitive動詞原形PastTense過去式變化規(guī)則looklooklookmovemovemovecarrycarrcarrstopstopstopededddededededPastParticiple過去分詞一般動詞，加ed以不發(fā)音的e結尾的動詞，加d以y結尾，且y前是輔音字母的動詞，變y為i，再加ed以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加edyiyippInfinitive動詞原形PastTense過去式PastParticiple過去分詞cutcutcutletletletputputputreadreadreadInfinitive動詞原形PastTense過去式PastParticiple過去分詞havehadhadmakemademadespendspentspenttelltoldtoldInfinitive動詞原形PastTense過去式PastParticiple過去分詞dodiddonebewas/werebeengowentgoneseesawseen不規(guī)則變化:A-A-A型(動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞都同形)A-B-B型(動詞過去式、過去分詞同形)A-B-C型(動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞都不同形)三、標志詞：

already,yet,ever,never,before,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,延續(xù)性動詞：since引導的短語和句子，for引導的短語。e.g.Hehasn’tcalledsincehewenttoBeijing.他自從去了北京還沒有打來過電話。e.g.Ihavealreadyfinishedreadingthebook.我已經讀完這本書了。e.g.Ihavenotheardfromhimyet.我還沒收到他的來信。四、特殊情況：have/hasbeento

“曾經去過某地”,現在已經不在那里了。一般與表示頻率的副詞或次數連用。have/hasgoneto

“到某地去了”,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中,即說話時該人不在現場,e.g.I

Beijingtwice.我去過北京兩次了。(已經回來)e.g.Mymom

thesupermarket.我的媽媽去超市了。(人不在現場)havebeento

hasgonetoIjustmylunch.我剛吃過午飯。（現在不餓）一般過去時vs現在完成時①Imylunchinthedininghall.我是在餐廳吃的午飯。一般過去時單純描述過去發(fā)生的動作?，F在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作與現在有關，指過去的動作對現在造成的影響、結果等。hadhavehadNote1他離開上海已經3天了。HehasleftShanghaiforthreedays.HeShanghaiforthreedays.ItthreedayssinceheleftShanghai.ThreedayssinceheleftShanghai.HeShanghaithreedaysago.hasbeenawayfromis/hasbeenhaspassedleft一般過去時vs現在完成時②Note2短暫性動詞的肯定式不能與表示一段時間的for或since或howlong等狀語連用.短暫性動詞usedtodo&beusedtodoingusedtodosth.

過去常常做某事(而現在不做了)1)否定句式：didn’tusetodosth.2)一般疑問句式：Did+主語+usetodosth.?3)附加疑問句式：…,didn’t+主語?e.g.Heusedtoeatsharkfinsoup.Hedidn’tusetoeatsharkfinsoup.Heusedtoeatsharkfinsoup,didn’the?02usedtodo&beusedtodoingbeusedto(doing)sth.

習慣于(做)某事e.g.I’m

usedtowalkingtoschoolnow.

我現在習慣步行去學校。

ThecityishotandwetandIhavebeenusedtoit.

這座城市又熱又潮濕，而我已經習慣了這里。一、基本用法

本身有各種意義,但不能單獨作謂語,只能和主要動詞共同構成謂語,表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài),這類動詞叫情態(tài)動詞。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數的變化。其否定形式一般是在其后加not，一般疑問句通常將其提到句首。二、表示推測

除表示語氣外，部分情態(tài)動詞還可以表示推測四、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞及用法對比：

情態(tài)動詞基本用法表示推測can能，會，可以可能can’t不會，不能不可能must必須，一定肯定musn’t一定不要，禁止may/might可以可能可能性大?。?/p>

情態(tài)動詞基本用法例句should“應該”，表示要求或命令，也可以表示勸告或建議We

should

keep

the

air

fresh.shouldn’t“不應該”We

shouldn’t

waste

water.will“愿意”表示詢問、請求，用于疑問句中，常用于第二人稱Willyoupassmethebook？would“愿意”表示自愿做或主動提出做某事，如：意志、愿望或決心等Jane

said

she

would

not

go

with

Tom,

for

she

didn’t

like

him.其他的情態(tài)動詞及用法:一、英語動詞有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)這兩種語態(tài)主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者

被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者二、結構:主語+be+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他1.一般現在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+done被做某事2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/were+done被做了某事3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：will（not）+be+done將(不)會被做某事4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：should/must+be+done應該/必須被做某事

shouldn’t/mustn’t+be+done不應該/禁止被做某事五、被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，被動語態(tài)由“be+V-ed”構成。be隨著主語人稱和數以及時態(tài)的不同而變化。ItwasmadeinGermanyin1681.

它于1681年在德國制造。

1.不知道或沒必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越來越多的人說中文了。2.強調動作的承受者。

被動語態(tài)3.動作的執(zhí)行者有較長的修飾語。Theplanwassupported

by

thosewhowishedtohavemorechancestospeakEnglish.

該計劃得到了那些希望有更多機會講英語的人的支持。4.出于禮貌，不愿意說出動作執(zhí)行者。1)Youarerequestedtoattendthemeeting.請你參加會議。2)Iwastoldthatyouwerenothonestenough.有人告訴我你不夠誠實。

三、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的注意事項小口訣：

賓變主，主變by+賓，謂語動詞用被動（be+done）,其他成分不變。被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的承受者謂語動詞be(not)+done(V-ed)被動語態(tài)肯定句：主語+be+V-ed(+by…).否定句：主語+be+not+V-ed(+by…).一般疑問句：Be+主語+V-ed(+by…)?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be+主語+V-ed(+by…)?結構

定義構成時態(tài)主動語態(tài)一般現在時do/does一般過去時did一般將來時will/shall/begoingto+do現在完成時have/hasdone現在進行時am/is/aredoing過去進行時was/weredoing被動語態(tài)am/is/are+donewas/were+donewill/shall/begoingto+be+donehave/has+beendoneam/is/are+beingdonewas/were+beingdone

練：Finally,thepoliceofficercaughtthethief.(改為被動語態(tài))Finally,thethief________________bythepoliceofficer.wascaught四、易錯點：

主動語態(tài)中有些感官動詞（如hear,see,watch,notice等）和使役動詞（如make,let等）后用不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要把不定式符號to還原。hear/see

sb.

do

sth.→sb.

be

heard/seen

to

do

sth.make

sb.

do

sth.→sb.

be

made

to

do

sth.

tickets___online.

It

is

convenient.A.

soldB.

were

soldC.

are

soldD.

have

sold

English

singing

competition___so

successfully

last

week

that

we

look

forward

to

the

next

one.A.

holdsB.

held

C.

is

heldD.

was

held

gifts___by

children

in

their

last

summer

holidays.A.

madeB.

were

madeC.

makeD.

are

made

money___when

we

use

both

sides

of

paper.A.

will

saveB.

was

savedC.

has

savedD.

will

be

savedCDBDJoe:__________youever__________(take)partinaenvironmentalproject?Ken:Yes,Ihave.I_____(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas____________

____(consider)thebiggestclean-upprojectthiscity______ever______(have).Joe:Howmanypeople__________(take)part?Havetakenhelpconsideredtobehadhadhavetaken4a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Ken:I__________(think)morethan1,000people______________(come)tohelpout.Joe:That’sfantastic!Iguesseveryoneinthiscityis_______(try)toimprovetheenvironment.Ken:Yes,wecan’taffordto___________(wait)anylongertotakeaction!thinkhavecometryingwaiting1.Youarenotallowedtoplaywithfireintheforest.It____killplants,animalsandevenpeople.A.might

B.mightnot C.should

D.shouldnot(2020昆明)2.—Allen,shallwegotothebookstorethisafternoon?—I’msorry.David,butI____meetmycousinatthetrainstation.A.haveto B.can C.may D.could(2020青島)A情態(tài)動詞A3.Accordingtothetrafficlaw,childrenunder12_____ridebicyclesontheroad.A.won’tB.wouldn’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t(2020上海)4.I_____belate,sodon’twaitformetostartthemeeting.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.need D.may(2020天津)DD1.—Couldyouplaythepianoattheageoffive?—No,I______.Istartedatsix.(2021江蘇常州)A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.needn’tD.couldn’t2.—MustIreturnthisbookbeforeFriday,Sir?—No,you________,dear.Youcankeepitfortwoweeks.

(2021江蘇南通)A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’tD情態(tài)動詞D3.—HowlongcanIkeepthesebooks?—Accordingtothelibraryrules,you________returnthemwithin7days.(2021海南)A.mustB.mightC.could4.—You________takephotoshere!Lookatthesign.Itsays“Nophotos”.

—Sorry,Iwon’t.(2021云南)

A.must B.need C.mustn’t D.needn’tAC1.Since1989,ProjectHope_____millionsofyoungpeoplefrompoorfamiliesachievetheirdreamsofgoingtoschool.A.willhelp B.helps

C.hashelped D.ishelping(2020昆明)2.—Bequick,Sara!Thetaxiiswaitingforusoutside.

—Amoment,please.I_____somevisitorsourproducts.

A.showed B.amshowing

C.wasshowing D.show(2020營口)CB現在進行時現在完成時&3.—It’s20yearssincewecamebacktoLiangshan.—Howtimeflies!We___inourhometownforsuchalongtime.A.Work B.worked

C.hasworked D.haveworked(2020涼山)4.—Ourcity,Shaoyang,isgettingcleanerandcleanerdaybyday.—Yeah.We___anationalmodern,civilizedhygiene(文明衛(wèi)生)city.A.createB.arecreating

C.created(2020邵陽)DB1.IjoinedthebookclublastmonthandI______fivebooksalready.(2021貴州畢節(jié))A.amreadingB.haveread C.willread D.read2.—MissZhangseemsquitefamiliarwithYunnanProvince.—Don’tyouknow?She_______atownschoolthereasavolunteerteacherforover2years.(2021江蘇南通)A.isin B.hasgonetoC.hasbeenin D.hasbeentoBC現在進行時現在完成時&3.Look!Someoldpeople________inthepark.(2021廣西桂林)A.sings B.sing C.aresinging4.—Don’tmakenoise!Thechildren________online.—Sorry,Iwon’t.(2021四川涼山)A.studies

B.arestudying

C.studied D.werestudying5.—Peter,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,I________areportaboutnationalheroes.(2021北京)A.willwrite B.amwriting

C.wrote D.havewrittenCBB1.Howdeliciousthecakeis!It____bymygrandmotherthismorning.A.made B.ismade C.wasmade(2020吉林)2.—Mr.White,whenshallIhandinmyreport?—Assoonasit____tomorrow.A.finishes B.willfinish

C.willbefinished D.isfinished(2020鄂州)CD被動語態(tài)3.Manysuccessfulbusinessmen____toHainantogiveadviceonhowtobuildHainanFreeTradePort.A.inviteB.areinvited C.areinviting(2020海南)4.—Yourhometownisfamousfortea,right?—Yes.Nowteaplants____onmostmountainshere.A.willgrowB.aregrownC.weregrown(2020福建)BB1.Ourschoollibrary________withplants,lovelydesksandchairs,soIfeelrelaxedwhilestudyingorreadingthere.(2021江蘇南京)decorates

B.decorated C.isdecorated D.wasdecorating2.—Whydosomewhaleshaveto_________?—Becausehumanscatchwhalesformeat,fatandoil.Someofthemare_________.(2021四川達州)A．protect;dangerous B．protect;endangeredC．beprotected;dangerousD．beprotected;endangeredCD被動語態(tài)3.Alotofteenagersthinkastheyareolderandwiser,they________tomaketheirowndecisions.(2021云南昆明)A.shouldallowB.shouldn’tallowC.shouldbeallowedD.shouldn’tbeallowed4.Theblender________formakingabananamilkshakejustnow.(2021湖南岳陽)A.willbeusedB.wasusedC.isused5.Manyresearchlabs________inthenext5yearstodevelopscienceandtechnologyinChina.(2021福建)A.arebuilding B.willbebuilt C.werebuiltCBBusedto1.—Tom_______everyday.

—Really?Butwhyishesoweaknow?

(2021青海)usedtoexerciseB.isusedtoexercisingC.usedtostayuplate2.I________sleepverywell,butthenIstarteddoingyogaanditreallyhelps.(2020甘肅武威)didn’tuseto B.usedto C.wasusedto D.wasn’tusedtoAAFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4aJoe:_____youever______(take)partinanenvironmentalproject?Eric:Yes,Ihave.I______(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas__________(consider)thebiggestclean-upprojectthiscity____ever____(have).Havetakenhelpedconsideredhadhad參加Joe:Howmanypeople____(take)part?Eric:I_____(think)morethan1,000people______(come)tohelpout.Joe:That’sfantastic!Iguesseveryoneinthiscityis______(try)toimprovetheenvironment.Eric:Yes,wecan’taffordto____(wait)anylongertotakeaction!tookthinkcametryingwaitv.

承擔得起(后果);買得起affordWecan’tafford

towaitanylongertotakeaction!我們承擔不起繼續(xù)等待而不采取行動！

affordv.

承擔得起;買得起;提供,給予

常與can,beableto等連用,多用于否定句或疑問句。

affordsth.

買得起/承受得起某物

affordtodosth.

有能力做某事/負擔得起做某事e.g.Canyouaffordthemobilephone?Wecan’tafford

topaysuchaprice.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatemodalverbsfromthebox.4bPeople______thinkthatbigthings______bedonetosavetheearth.Manyforgetthatsavingtheearthbeginswithsmallthings.Forexample,you_______saveelectricitybyturningoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom.You_____alsousereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags.Ithinkit’sagreatideathatyounow______payforplasticbagsinsomestores.Andinsteadofdrivingtoschoolorwork,you_________rideyourbikeorwalk.Ifit’sfar,you________takethebus.Allthesesmallthings________addupandbecomebigthingsthat_______improvetheenvironment.Let’stakeactionsnow!canwouldcouldhavetoshouldmustmay/mightmaymustcouldcouldshouldhavetocancanwouldadj.可重復使用的；可再次使用的付費；付出代價采取行動Makealistofthingsthatpeoplecandotohelptheenvironmentanddiscussyourlistwithyourpartner.4cIthinkthateveryoneshouldusepublictransportation.Idisagree.It’sdifficultforparentswithyoungchildrentousepublictransportation...usepublictransportationn.運輸業(yè)；交通運輸It'severyone’sdutytoprotecttheenvironment.Anditshouldbeginfromeveryaspectofourdailylife.Onlybychangingthewaywetreattheenvironmentcanwegetalongwellwithit.Onlybysavingtheearthcanwesaveourselves.Ithinkthateveryoneshouldusepublictransportation.Idisagree.It’sdifficultforparentswithyoungchildrentousepublictransportation…Wecan’tafford

towaitanylongertotakeaction!我們承擔不起繼續(xù)等待而不采取行動！

affordv.

承擔得起;買得起;提供,給予

常與can,beableto等連用,多用于否定句或疑問句。

affordsth.