動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成am/is/are+doing1.表示(說(shuō)話時(shí))正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.習(xí)慣進(jìn)行:表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,說(shuō)話時(shí)未必正在進(jìn)行,如:Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.3.表示按計(jì)劃安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(用于某些表示“來(lái)、去、開始、結(jié)束、停止、繼續(xù)類動(dòng)詞)。例如：SheisleavingforBeijing.她要去北京。Heisworkingasateachertomorrow.從明天起他要做老師。MyfatheriscomingtoseemethisSaturday.這個(gè)星期六我爸爸要來(lái)看我。4.與always連用,表示一種贊揚(yáng)或批評(píng)的態(tài)度。LittleTomisalwayslosingthekeys.5.大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，但也有些動(dòng)詞不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。常見的有：(1)表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞:have、cost、contain、exist,live,,mean,owe,belongto；（2）表示心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞:know,realize,think,believe,doubt,suppose,remember,forget,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hopeunderstand等。Ineedyourhelp.(3)系動(dòng)詞:be,look,sound,smell,feel,taste,seem,remain;但是:表示變化的系動(dòng)詞(get、become、turn等)可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí):It’sgettingwarmerandwarmer.典型例題：—_____MrSmith____thisweek?—No.Heisonholiday.A.Has;workedB.Does;workC.Did;workD.Is;working二、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：was/were+doing1.表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（這一過(guò)去時(shí)間須用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示）。例如：Hewaspreparinghislecturealldayyesterday.TheywerestillworkingwhenIleft.2．描述一件事情發(fā)生的背景：一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作持續(xù)的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，如：Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.3.與always連用,表示一種贊揚(yáng)或批評(píng)的態(tài)度。◆.典型例題

1)Mary___adresswhenshecutherfinger.

A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes

2)Asshe___thenewspaper,Granny___asleep.

A.read；wasfallingB.wasreading；fellC.wasreading；wasfallingD.read；fell3）—Willyoupleaserepeatyouridea?—Certainly.ButIthinkitiscertainthatyou____yourattention.A.don’tpayB.didn’tpayC.weren’tpayingD.aren’tpaying◆注意事項(xiàng)：當(dāng)lastyear等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不是表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)，而是表示時(shí)間段時(shí)，可以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：Iheardthathe_______abooklastyear,butIdon’tknowwhetherhehasfinishedit.A.waswrittenB.wroteC.waswritingD.writing三、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)：構(gòu)成：willbedoing強(qiáng)調(diào)在將來(lái)的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。You’dbetternotcallthemanagerbetween7and8thisevening,forhe_____animportantmeetingthen.A.willhaveB.wouldhaveC.willbehavingD.willhavehad四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作；2．客觀存在、科學(xué)事實(shí)、格言；(1)ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.(2)Pridegoesbeforeafall.3．目前的特征、狀態(tài)、能力等。(1)Idon’twantsomuch.(2)AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.4.用于操作演示。NowIputthesugarinthecup.5.表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，（僅限于某些表示“來(lái)、去、開始、結(jié)束、停止、繼續(xù)類動(dòng)詞)；尤使用于時(shí)刻表中等。Thenexttrainleavesat3o’clockthisafternoon.改錯(cuò):Ifitisn’traintomorrow,Iwillgooutforawalk.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。Wheredidyougojustnow?（2）表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。

WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.

WhenevertheBrownswentduringtheirvisit,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.＊(3)表示心理活動(dòng)的詞語(yǔ)(如:know,understand,recognize,catch等)經(jīng)常用過(guò)去時(shí)Oh,it’syou,Tom.Ididn’tknowyouwerecoming.◆否定句/疑問(wèn)句Iwenttoworkonabikeeverydaylastyear.否定句:疑問(wèn)句:◆注意問(wèn)題usedtodo/would（2）be/getusedtodoingbeusedtodo◆與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別:一般過(guò)去時(shí):表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Iwasreadingabooklastnight.Ireadabooklastnight.◆經(jīng)典考題（1）Yourphonenumberagain?I___quitecatchit.

It's69568442.

A.didn'tB.couldn'tC.don'tD.can't（2）She______asecretaryforfiveyears,butnowsheisamanagerofabigstore.A.isB.wasC.hadbeenD.hasbeen八、一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和存在的狀況。有下列一些形式：1.will/shalldo側(cè)重將來(lái)行為，不突出計(jì)劃安排去做某事。特點(diǎn)：可用于（1）表示某種客觀必然的趨勢(shì)：Fishwilldiewithoutwater.Youwillbe19yearsoldnextweek.(2)臨時(shí)決定的事情。Look,Therestrauntisfullofpeople.Yeah.Iwillinviteyoutodinnerwhenwefinishthewrok.2.begoingtodo(主觀上打算或客觀上可能發(fā)生)。特點(diǎn)：可用于（1）主觀打算、安排。I’mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(2)有跡象發(fā)生某事。Thecloudingathering.Itisgoingtorain.3.bedoing(按計(jì)劃將要發(fā)生，常和表示最近的將來(lái)時(shí)間連用);見現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。4.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(見一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))。5.beabouttodo(按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生，意為馬上做某事；不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用)。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.beaboutto(正要)/bedoing(正在)+when+從句(常有suddenly=allofasudden)★Iwaswalkingalongtheroadwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.6．betodo表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。Iamtopresenttheawardatthemeetingtomorrow.7.在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,若主句和從句都是將來(lái)時(shí),則:從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí);從句使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí);從句使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí).Whenwehavefinishedthework，wehopethecouncilwilljoinusinacelebrationmorningteasothatthewholeschoolcanthankyou.(SB6,P45)經(jīng)典例題：(1)—Joanwasbadlyinjuredintheaccidentyesterdayandshewassenttohospital.—Oh,really?I____.I____visither.A.didn’tknow;willgotoB.don’tknow;willgotoC.didn’tknow;amgoingtoD.haven’tknown;amgoingto(2)——CanIjoinyourclub,dad?——Youcanwhenyou______abitolder.(NMET)A.getB.willgetC.aregettingD.willhavegot九、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示相對(duì)于過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候尚未發(fā)生。1．Would/should+do2．Was/weredoing3．Was/weretodoHesaidheshouldseehisfriends.Iwasabouttoswimwhenourguideshoutedatme.十、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(如come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等)用于完成時(shí),表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,而且對(duì)現(xiàn)在有某種影響。—Wherearemysocks,Mum?Where?—Idon’tknow.I______themonthechairbutnowtheyarelost. A．haveyouputthem;haveput B．didyouputthem;put C．wereyouputtingthem;puts D．haveyouputthem;put延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(如live,teach,learn,work,study,know)用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).常和since,for等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用!Hehasworkedherefortenyears.sinceprep&conj.自從……以來(lái)A.完成時(shí)+since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)Hehasworkedheresince1981.B.完成時(shí)+since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)+agoHehasworkedheresincetwoyearsago.C.完成時(shí)+since+從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))Hehasworkedheresincehecamehere.D.Itis(=hasbeen)+一段時(shí)間+since+從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))ItistwoyearssincehecamehereE.Itwas+一段時(shí)間+since+從句(過(guò)去完成時(shí))Ithadbeenfiveyearssincehehadgraduatedfromcollege.[考題回放](NMET93)Whatwasthepartylike?Wonderful.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since改錯(cuò)：（2004·天津卷）Ithasbeenfiveyearswhenwegraduated[思考]如何對(duì)for/since進(jìn)行提問(wèn)?動(dòng)作反復(fù)發(fā)生,造成某種積累?？捎趖ill/until,uptonow,inpastyears,sofar連用?！?句型It

is／

was

／will

be

the

+

序數(shù)詞

+

time

that

從句。

該句型意為“這是／那是／這將是某人第某某次做某事了”。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用was時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用will

be時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。如：

1)She

understood

what

I

was

talking

about,

even

though

it

was

the

first

time

we

had

spoken

together.盡管這是我們第一次在一起談話，但是她明白我們?cè)谡勑┦裁?。◆注意?a)句型中

it

可以用this

或

that，time

可以用成

week，year，month

等邊式時(shí)間的名詞。如：This

is

the

first

moth

that/

year

I

have

been

here.

這是我在這兒的地一個(gè)月/第一個(gè)年頭。(b)that可以省去,但不可以用when!◆4.表示“曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地（人已回來(lái)）”用“have/hasbeento”,表示“到某地去了（還未回來(lái)）”用“have/hasgoneto”.例如：——WhereisLiHua?－Hehasgonetothereading-room.——SheknowsalotaboutShanghai.－Shehasbeenthere.◆5.短暫動(dòng)詞（即瞬間動(dòng)詞），join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin,start,breakout等，在完成時(shí)態(tài)中，其肯定式不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。例如不能說(shuō)：Hehasfinishedtheworkforthreehours.要翻譯“他已完成工作三小時(shí)了?！笨刹捎?）“ago法”：Hefinishedtheworkthreehoursago.2）“延續(xù)法”：Hehasbeenthrough(with)theworkforthreehours.3）“since法”：Itis/hasbeenthreehourssincehefinishedthework.十一、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成:have/hasbeendoing1.用來(lái)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（或今后還要繼續(xù)一去）的動(dòng)作。例如：Hehasbeendoingthemathsproblemssince8:00./Ithasbeenrainingfortwodays.某些動(dòng)詞如live,teach,work等用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),含義是一樣的。Hehaslivedhereforfiveyears.=Hehasbeenlivinghereforfiveyears.但是,對(duì)于大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞來(lái)說(shuō),這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的含義差別還是很大的:Ihavewrittenaletteralready.Ihavebeenwritingaletter.經(jīng)典題目：Whyareyousotired？________.A.Ihavepaintedthedoor.B.Ihavebeenpaintedthedoor.C.Ihavebeenpaintedthedoor.D.Iampaintingthedoor.十二、過(guò)去完成時(shí):構(gòu)成：had+過(guò)去分詞在過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作之前已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。ThetrainhadleftforfiveminuteswhenIarrivedatthestation.WehadhadfiveEnglishpartiesbytheendoflastterm.若主句與從句的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生,不一定用過(guò)去完成時(shí),特別是在before、after引導(dǎo)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)。(I)Hearrivedafterthegame_____.A.hadstartedB.startedC.wouldstartD.wasstartedII)She_____understandmebeforeIexplainedittome.A.hadn’tunderstandB.didn’tunderstandC.wouldunderstandD.haveunderstood（2）表示”一…就….”的3個(gè)連詞中，前面用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，后面用一般過(guò)去時(shí)！hardly/scarcely…when…nosooner…than…Hehadhardlygonetobedwhenthedoorbellrang.Nosoonerhadhegonetobedthanthedoorbellrang（3）常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖。例如：Wehadexpectedthatyouwouldbeabletowinthematch.經(jīng)典名題：（1）HasyourfatherreturnedfromAfricayet?Yes,buthe_____hereforonlythreedaysbeforehiscompanysenthimtoAustralia.A.was B.hasbeen C.willbe D.wouldbe（2）—Howcanyouborrowmycomputerwithoutmypermission?—Oh,I____totellyou.Ihopeyoudon’tmind.A.forgetB.forgotC.hadforgottenD.amforgetting（3）—Gotyourdrivinglicense?—No.I_____toobusytohaveenoughpractice,soIdidn’ttakethedrivingtestlastweek.A.wasB.amC.havebeenD.hadbeen十三、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：hadbeendoing過(guò)去的某個(gè)動(dòng)作持續(xù)到過(guò)去的另一個(gè)時(shí)候。Itwasnowsixandhewastiredbecausehehadbeenworkingsincedawn(黎明).Thetelephone_______forthirtysecondsbeforeitwasanswered.A.hasbeenringingB.hadbeenringingC.hadbeenrungD.hasbeenrung十四、將來(lái)完成時(shí)will/shallhavedone到將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)候，該動(dòng)作才能夠完成。Iwillhavecovered1，300pagesbytheendofthisterm.時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析1析：“Youcan”是將來(lái)意，when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)所以此題答案為A.2．——Oh,it’syou!I______you.——I’vejusthadmyhaircutandI’mwearingnewglasses.A.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognizedD.don’trecongnize析：從“Oh,it’syou!”可知說(shuō)話時(shí)已認(rèn)出對(duì)方?！皼](méi)有認(rèn)出”是在此之前為過(guò)去情況，所以應(yīng)選A.3.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he______intospace.(NMET)A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared析：在空白處應(yīng)選一個(gè)與“saw”相配，能解釋Jimdidn’tseeme這一原因的選項(xiàng)，只有著眼于A、B。若選A不能體觀他“當(dāng)時(shí)正在做”某事，故排除A而選B。這樣因?yàn)椤八谕钪嫣炜铡彼浴拔纯吹轿摇薄?.——______myglasses?——Yes,Isawthemonyourbedaminuteago.(NMET)A.DoyouseeB.HadyouseenC.WouldyouseeD.Haveyouseen析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，問(wèn)話人以這樣的時(shí)態(tài)發(fā)問(wèn)可作現(xiàn)焦急的心情。故答案為D。5.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I______herseveraltimes.(NMET)A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet析：答案B。道理同4。6.——Doyouknowourtownatall?——No,thisisthefirsttimeI______here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amgoing析：根據(jù)this/itisthefirst/second/…timesb.hasdonesth.句型，可定答案為B。又如：ThisisthesecondtimehehasvisitedtheGreatWall.7.Idon’treallyworkhere.I______untilthenewsecretaryarrives.(NMET)A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpout析：根據(jù)Idontreallyworkhere.以及…untilthenewsecretaryarrives,可知說(shuō)話人所要做的事是計(jì)劃安排行為，C、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)都表將來(lái)動(dòng)作，但D非計(jì)劃安排，C則體現(xiàn)按計(jì)劃去做，所以此題答案為C。8.——Isthisraincoatyours?——No,mine______therebehindthedoor.(NMET)A.ishangingB.hashungC.hangsD.hung析：此題的“懸掛”是指現(xiàn)狀而言，故表過(guò)去“掛”的B、D項(xiàng)可排除。C項(xiàng)雖指“現(xiàn)在掛”，但側(cè)重在常規(guī)，習(xí)慣。為了突出“你所指的那件雨衣不是我的，我的正掛在門后”這一意思，選A是極為合情理的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句型1.常見句式是：主語(yǔ)（受動(dòng)者）＋be＋過(guò)去分詞＋（by＋施動(dòng)者）例如：HewasscoldedbytheEnglishteacher.2.主語(yǔ)＋get＋過(guò)去分詞＋其它成分例如：Theboygotdrownedlastsummer./Shegotfiredbecauseofherfaults.注意：使用這種結(jié)構(gòu)不能帶有“by＋施動(dòng)者”3.帶有雙賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)）的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)閯?dòng)句，其主語(yǔ)可以是直接賓語(yǔ)，也可以是間接賓語(yǔ)。例如：Shelentmeabike.被動(dòng)：1）Iwaslentabike(byher).2）Abikewaslenttome(byher).4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過(guò)去分詞例如：Thisproblemmustbeworkedoutinhalfanhour.5.雙重被動(dòng)式：主語(yǔ)＋被動(dòng)式謂語(yǔ)＋不定式的被動(dòng)式＋其它成分例如；Thesemagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereading-room./Themurdererwasorderedtobeshot.二、主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的幾種情況1.不及物動(dòng)詞與狀語(yǔ)連用，用以表示主語(yǔ)的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)。常見動(dòng)詞是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。例如：Thisknifecutswell.這把刀好切。Thesebookssellwell.這些書好賣。Thepenwritessmoothly.這支筆寫起來(lái)流暢。Meatwontkeeplonginsuchhotweather.肉在這樣熱的天氣里放不長(zhǎng)久。Theclothwasheswell.這種布好洗。2.一些連系動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)式＋形容詞。常見動(dòng)look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turnout等。例如：Theapplestastegood./Theflowersmellswonderful./Thenewsproved/turnedouttrue./Cottonfeelssoft.注：prove也可用于被動(dòng)式，如：Hisanswer(was)provedright.3.不定式在某些形容詞之后，且與主語(yǔ)有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。常見形容詞有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：Theproblemiseasytodo./Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer./Theboxisheavytocarry./Theprojectisimpossibletocompleteinayear.比較：Theproblemistobedone./Thequestionistobeanswered.沒(méi)有形容詞時(shí)，雖然不定式與主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但必須用被動(dòng)式。三、容易誤用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況：1.IteachmyselfFrench.不可變?yōu)镸yselfistaughtFrench.因?yàn)榉瓷泶~不可作主語(yǔ)。2.Wehelpeachother/oneanother.不可變?yōu)镋achother/Oneanotherishelpedbyus.因?yàn)橄嗷ゴ~不可作主語(yǔ)。3.Helostheart.不可變?yōu)镠eartwaslostbyhim.因?yàn)橄髄oseheart,makeaface,keepsilence,loseinthought這類動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)的固定短語(yǔ)只能用于主動(dòng)式，不能用被動(dòng)式。4.Shetookpartinthesportsmeet.不能變?yōu)門hesportsmeetwastakenpartinbyher.因?yàn)橄髏akepartin,belongto,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析1.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection______.(NMET)A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted析：complete是及物動(dòng)詞，“郵集”是被人完成的，須從表被動(dòng)意的C、D中選擇。又因before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)，所以此題答案為D。2.——Doyoulikethematerial?——Yes,it______verysoft.(NMET)A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt析：觀察題干，空白線后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，可知feel是不及物動(dòng)詞，表“（某物）摸起來(lái)…”意思,是連系動(dòng)詞，不能用于被動(dòng)式，也不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)此題對(duì)話情景，是指某種材料的常規(guī)特性，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不能用過(guò)去時(shí)，故答案為C。feel作“感覺(jué)”、“認(rèn)為”、“摸”等意時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞，可帶賓語(yǔ)，有時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)等變化。3．Greatchanges______inthecity,andalotoffactories______.(NMET)A.havebeentakenplace…h(huán)avebeensetupB.havetakenplace…h(huán)avebeensetupC.havetakenplace…h(huán)avesetupD.weretakenplace…weresetup析：takeplace（發(fā)生）是不及物動(dòng)詞，不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，于是可排除A、D，又因setup(建造)是及物動(dòng)詞，在此題中應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)式，故排除C，答案為B。4.Mostoftheartists______tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.(NMET)A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited析：首先可排除B。因?yàn)樗槐硎尽氨谎?qǐng)”。又因D項(xiàng)少引導(dǎo)詞who，也應(yīng)排除。A項(xiàng)＝whowereinvited,C項(xiàng)＝whowerebeinginvited,由象invite這類短暫動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式不可作后置定語(yǔ)，故也應(yīng)排除。因而可定答案為A。5.Idontknowtherestaurant,butits______tobequiteagoodone.(NMET)A.saidB.toldC.spokenD.talked析：根據(jù)“某人/某物據(jù)說(shuō)…”英文句式為“sb/sth.issaid…”可定答案為A。又如：Heissaidtobeacleverboy.據(jù)說(shuō)他是一個(gè)聰明的男孩。6.Thepolicefoundthatthehouse______andalotofthings______.(NMET)A.hasbrokeninto…h(huán)asbeenstolenB.hasbrokeninto…h(huán)adbeenstolenC.hasbeenbrokeninto…stolenD.hadbeenbrokeninto…stolen析：“房屋被人闖入”，“東西被偷”都是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故可排除A、B。因C項(xiàng)中的hasbeenbrokeninto不能置于found之后，則答案只能是D。7.Ipromisethatthematterwill______.(NMET)A.betadencareB.betakencareofC.takecareD.takecareof析：takecareof…是固定短語(yǔ)，若無(wú)of則不可帶賓語(yǔ)，只能跟that從句。所以此題答案為B。8.Ifcitynoises______fromincreasing,people____shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.(NMET)A.arenotkept…willhavetoB.arenotkept…h(huán)avetoC.donotkeep…willhavetoD.donotkeep…h(huán)aveto析：觀察題干，第一處必須用被動(dòng)式，答案只能在A、B中選一。條件句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句應(yīng)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故答案為A。9.TheOlympicGames,____in776BC,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.(NMET)A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying析；要表達(dá)“被舉行”，只能在B、C中選。B意“將要首次舉行”。顯然不合in776BC這一過(guò)去時(shí)間，只有C，firstplayed(＝whichwasfirstplayed)才合用。故答案為C。10.Thissentenceneeds______.A.aimprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improved析：初看此題似手A、C皆可，但improvement是元音開頭詞，其前要用an,故排除。need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，和require,want一樣，后面可跟doing或tobedone表“需要被…”意。如：Thedoorneeds/wants/requirespainting/tobepainted.(這扇門需要漆一下。)11.Ishouldverymuchliketohavegonetotheparty,butI______invited.A.amnotB.haventbeenC.wasnotD.willnotbe析：should/wouldliketohavedonesth.意“本想做某事”，例如：Ishouldliketohaveseenthefilm,butitwasntpossible.由于這種句式表示“過(guò)去想”，所以but后的句子也應(yīng)該是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)與之相配合，故此題答案是C。12.——______thenote______toMrSmith?——No,Itisstillinmypocket.A.Is…beinggivenB.Was…givenC.Has…beengivenD.Hasnt…beengiven析：根據(jù)問(wèn)句與答句，問(wèn)話人顯然是注重結(jié)果，故要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。似乎D作為反詰句“難道條還沒(méi)給史密斯先生嗎？”也成立，但若是這種口氣發(fā)問(wèn)，答話人就應(yīng)答“Sorry.Itisstillinmypocket.”,所以此題答案應(yīng)為C。13.Weheardit______thathehadgonetoNewYork.A.sayB.saidC.tosayD.besaid析：Itwassaidthat…可以改為Wehearditsaidthat…(都表示“據(jù)說(shuō)…”之意)。前一種說(shuō)法中It是形式主語(yǔ)，后一種說(shuō)法中it是形式賓語(yǔ)。故此題答案為B。動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)專練1.Themathsproblemcanbe______.A.easyworkedoutB.easytobeworkedoutC.easilyworkedoutD.easilytoworkout2.Everypossiblemeans______,butnoneprovessuccessful.A.hasbeentriedB.triedC.isbeingtriedD.hastried3.Thegirlisto______arichman.A.marrywithB.bemarriedC.marrytoD.bemarriedto4.Hereceivedatelegramthat______“Mothersick”.A.wroteB.saysC.readsD.read5.Whocanyouimagine______tohisweddingparty?A.invitingB.beinginvitedC.wasinvitedD.tobeinvited6.I______tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.(NMET)A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven7.——WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?——Hesalreadybeen______.(NMET)A.askedforB.sentforC.calledforD.lookedfor8.Aconductor______tokeepusintimeinthesingingyesterday.A.needsB.isneedingC.wasneededD.hasbeenneeded9.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided10.Ways______tostoppollutionbynow.A.mustfindB.willbefoundC.arefoundD.havebeenfound11.Idontwantanything______aboutit.A.tosayB.saidC.sayingD.havingsaid12.——______thatthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.——Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.IvebeentoldB.IvetoldC.ImtoldD.Itold13.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks______tothenationasagift.(NMET)A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered14.Bettyhasneverbeenheard_______illofothers.A.speakB.spokenC.tospeakD.wassaid15.Tom______tohavedeliveredthespeechintheirtheatreroom.A.saidB.saysC.issaidD.wassaid16.——Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?——Oh,excellent.Itsworth______asecondtime.(NMET)A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread17.LittleJimshouldlove______tothetheatrethisevening.(NMET)A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking.18.______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.(NMET)A.GivenB.togiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven19.——where______thebook?Ican’tseeitanywhere.——I______itrightherebutnowit’sgone.A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wasputtingD.wereyouputting;haveput20.Hewouldnotfailsolongashe______hardthenextterm.A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.studies21.Howlong______theEnglishparty______?A.has;beenlastedB.did;lastC.was;lastedD.will;belasted22.What______you______thistimenextFriday?A.will;doB.have;beendoingC.are;doingD.will;bedoing23.Hardly______thebell______whentheteachercamein.A.did;ringB.would;ringC.has;rungD.had;rung24.It______andthestreetswerestillwet.A.hadbeenrainingB.rainedC.hadbeenrainedD.wouldrain25.Thebook______onthegroundfortenminutesbutnonoehaspickeditup.A.islyingB.haslainC.layD.hasbeenlying26.We______therewhenit______torain.A.weregetting;wouldbeginB.wereabouttoget;beganC.hadgot;hadbegunD.wouldget;began27.Theteachersaidwe______tenlessonsbytheendofthisterm.A.shouldhavestudiedB.weregoingtostudyC.havestudiedD.shouldstudy28.——shetoldmeshehadmetyouinLondonlastyear.——______you______hersince?A.Had;metB.Did;seeC.Would;meetD.Have;seen29.——When______again?——Whenhe______,I’llletyouknow.A.willhecome;willcomeB.willhecome;comeC.hecomes;comesD.willhecome;comes30.Tom______formorethanaweek.A.hasleftB.hadgoneawayC.wentawayD.hasbeenaway31.——Whathappenedtoherteeth?——She______theapplemorethanshecouldchew.A.hasbittenB.bitC.hadbeenbittingD.bites32.Shakespearewassaid______37famousplaysinhislifetime.A.finishingwritingB.tofinishwritingC.havingwrittenD.tohavewritten33.——You’veagreedtogo.Sowhyaren’tyougettingready?——ButI______thatyou______metostartatonce.A.don’trealize;wantB.don’trealize;wantedC.haven’trealized;wantD.didn’trealize;wanted34.——Imissedthelecturelastnight.——Oh,whatapity!Iwish______.A.youheareditB.youhadhearditC.youneverhearditD.youhadn’theardit35.I’llreturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasI______it.A.finishedB.am