高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)之定語(yǔ)從句課件

It’sabrokenchair.

It’sachairwhichisbroken.觀察例句用于修飾限定名詞（或代詞），由連詞引導(dǎo)，且置于被修飾詞后的從句定語(yǔ)從句It’sachair

which

isbroken.定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)(先行詞)關(guān)系詞從句部分觀察例句練習(xí)1判斷以下句中從句是否為定語(yǔ)從句01.Afriendwhofrownsisbetterthanasmilingenemy.02.Asiaisoneoftheplaceswheremankindcame.03.Inordertomakeachange,youshoulddecidewhyitisimportant.04.Collegeiswhereyoumeetdifferentkindsofpeople.05.Ateamthatisfullofenthusiasmismorelikelytowin.判斷方法：主句成分完整，從句僅用于修飾限制主句的某個(gè)名詞性成分Themanwhohasabeautifulwifeisafarmer.Theman,whohasabeautifulwife,possessesabull.觀察例句定語(yǔ)從句限制性定從從句修飾限制先行詞，使主句信息完整，一般沒有逗號(hào)隔開非限制性定從從句補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明被修飾部分，連接的是兩個(gè)同樣重要的分句。書寫時(shí)必須寫出逗號(hào)觀察例句找出下面定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞，并判斷其在從句中所起的作用Theladyturnsouttobemorethansixty,whichisabigsurprise.ThemanwhospoketoyoujustnowisourEnglishteacher.HeistheonewhomIranintoyesterday.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathevisited.Ihaveneverheardsuchastoryasitis.ThislittletownistheplacewhereIwasborn.Tomcouldneverforgetthedayswhenhelivedwithhisgrandparents.Lilydidn’ttellmetheexactreasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackbecauseofthepollutedair.Itmightsnowthisweekend,inwhichcasewewon’tgotoBeijing.Theladyturnsouttobemorethansixty,whichisabigsurprise.ThemanwhospoketoyoujustnowisourEnglishteacher.HeistheonewhomIranintoyesterday.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathevisited.Ihaveneverheardsuchastoryasitis.ThislittletownistheplacewhereIwasborn.Tomcouldneverforgetthedayswhenhelivedwithhisgrandparents.Lilydidn’ttellmetheexactreasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackbecauseofthepollutedair.Itmightsnowthisweekend,inwhichcasewewon’tgotoBeijing.觀察例句找出下面定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞，并判斷其在從句中所起的作用主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)關(guān)系

副詞關(guān)系

代詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系

形容詞由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的從句主干結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，關(guān)系代詞作主/賓/表語(yǔ)由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句主干結(jié)構(gòu)完整，關(guān)系副詞作狀語(yǔ)由關(guān)系形容詞引導(dǎo)的從句主干結(jié)構(gòu)完整，關(guān)系形容詞作定語(yǔ)關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中起作用which,who,whom,that,aswhere,when,whywhich,whoseAteamthatconsistsofyoungpeopleismoreenergetic.IhappentohavethesamebookasJoycehas.Asiaisoneoftheplaceswheremankindcame.Ijoinedavolunteerorganization,whoseaimistohelpyoungpeople.Imayworkto12o’clock,inwhichcaseI’llphoneyou.鞏固理解關(guān)系代詞who/whom指人；who在從句中作主/賓/表語(yǔ)，whom作賓語(yǔ)，在限制定從中常省略Thepeoplewhom/whoIworkwithareallfriendly.非限定從中作賓語(yǔ)或介詞后都只能用whomMr.Carter,___Ispoketoonthephonelastnight,

isveryinterestedinourplan.which一般指物；在定語(yǔ)從句中做主/賓/表語(yǔ)，在限制性從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略Thechildrenlikecookies(which)mywifemakes.引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以修飾前面的整個(gè)主句Jimpassedhisdrivingtest,whichsurprisedeverybody.that指人或物；只用于限制性定從中，作主/賓/表語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷訧don’tlikestoriesthathaveunhappyendings.Heisthemanthatlivesnextdoor.*as指人或物，做主/賓/表語(yǔ)，有“正如...”之意在限制性定從中，as只用在as/such/so/thesame

修飾的先行詞之后Suchmenasheardhimweredeeplymoved.I'veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.在非限制性定從中，

as修飾整個(gè)句子Ihatemybrother,aseveryoneknows.Thenumberofsmokers,

isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinoneyear.Thebooksonthedesk,

areshiny,areprizesforus.Ihavetwosisters,bothof____aredoctors.Thisistheveryperson

I’mwaitingfor.Those____wanttoattendtheceremonyshouldsignyournamehere.練習(xí)2使用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空關(guān)系副詞where指地點(diǎn)（抽象或現(xiàn)實(shí)的），相當(dāng)于介詞+which

Potatocanbegrowninplaceswhere/inwhichitistoocoldtogrowrice.when指時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于介詞+which

Ishallneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIfellinlovewithher.why指原因，相當(dāng)于for+which（在非限制定從中表原因只用forwhich）

Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichthecarbrokedown.Istillremembertheday____IfirstcametoBeijing.Canyoutellmetheoffice_____heworks.Doyouknowthereason_____heisabsent?Theaccidenthasreached

apoint_____boththeirparentsaretobecalledin.I’llneverforgetthedays_____westudiedtogether.練習(xí)3使用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系副詞填空關(guān)系形容詞which表示“如此的，這樣的”，在非限定從中作定語(yǔ)，是書面用語(yǔ)

Itmightsnowthisweekend,inwhichcasewewon’tgotoBeijing.whose指人或物；表示“···的”，做定語(yǔ)，后面要緊跟被修飾的名詞

Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackbecauseofthepollutedair.whose+n.=then.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+then.

Iknowthepolicemanwhose

daughterisapopularteacherinourschool.Thisisthehouse_____windowbrokelastnight.Thisisthehouse,of____thewindowbrokelastnight.Hestilllivesintheroom_____windowfacestotheeast.Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindowof_____facestotheeast.Jamesmaycometoourhouse,in_____casewecouldplaysomevideogames.練習(xí)4使用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系形容詞填空關(guān)系詞辨析which和thatwho和thatas和whichwhich和that指物只用which的情況介詞之后I’mlookingforacontainerinwhichIcanputallthesecoins.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中Football,whichisafungame,hasbeenattractingtheworld’sinterest.當(dāng)指物先行詞中有：不定代詞;序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí);theonly/thesame/thelast/thevery/next;

theway/thefact/time(次數(shù))時(shí)

不定代詞包括something/anything/none/no/all/much/many/some/any/each/little/few等

That’sall(that)Iwanttotellyounow.

HeisthemostintelligentdogthatIhaveevermet.

SheistheveryonethatIamlookingfor.

Idon’tliketheway(that)youact.當(dāng)先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)Thethingsandthepeoplethatyoumentionedwereamazingtome.當(dāng)先行詞為集體名詞時(shí)Shewantstojoinateamthatconsistsofteenagers.Therebe/Herebe句式中Hereisthehotelinthewoodsthathasmorethanathousandrooms.只用that的情況Doyouhaveanything____youwanttosayforyourself?Youshouldhandinall____youhave.Thisistheschoolin____Ioncestudied.Theonlything____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.Thistrainisthelast____willgotoSuzhou.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.Doyouknowthethingsandpersons____theyaretalkingabout?練習(xí)5使用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空that和who先行詞為指人的不定代詞anyone/everyone/noone/anybody/everybody/all/…及those時(shí)Thosewhowanttoattendtheceremonyshouldsignyournamehere.Allwhocamewereinwhite.當(dāng)指人先行詞與從句隔開時(shí)Theboynextdoorwhohasthreelegsismyfriend.Therebe/Herebe句式中主語(yǔ)為人時(shí)Therearethreepersonswhorefusetotakethemoney.用來(lái)避免“who?who”，“which?which”，“that…that…”這種結(jié)構(gòu)Whothatsawherdidnotlikeher?Sheisthegirl_____livesnextdoor.Anyone_____triestheirbestshouldbepraised.That’sthegirl_____IteachaboutChineseculture.Whoistheperson_____isstandingatthegate?Thereusedtobeastudentinourclass_____madethebestcookiesandsharedwithus.Those_____laughlastlaughbest.練習(xí)6使用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空which和asas有“和...一樣，如…”之意，經(jīng)常和thesame/as/such/so搭配；which無(wú)此意IboughtthesamebookasJerryhas.as可以放主句句首/中/尾，which只用于句尾Asisknowntoall,theearthturnsaroundthesun(,asisknowntoall).當(dāng)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為否定式或其后有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用whichHedislikeseveryoneintheclass,whichIthinkquitestrange.1.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_____helpsthemkeepfit.2.Hegetsupearly,_____isalwayshishabit.3.Shesucceededinherdoingtheresearchwork,_____weexpected.4.____weallknow,heneversmokes.5.Ishouldliketousethesametool____isusedhere.練習(xí)7使用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空介詞+關(guān)系詞結(jié)構(gòu)（名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)+）

介詞+關(guān)系代詞Hehassixdaughters,thetallestofwhomisLisa.

(then.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+then.=whose+n.)介詞+which/whomtodoHehasapieceoflandonwhichtolive.(＝onwhichhemaylive.)介詞+whose+名詞Tomworksinafactory,inwhosefrontthereisariver.

(=Heworksinafactoryandinfrontofitthereisariver.)*from+where關(guān)系副詞前一般不加介詞，但是這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)例外，此時(shí)的where代指地點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)而不是某個(gè)先行詞Wewentuptotheroof,fromwherewecouldseethewholegarden.Thisisthehouseof____Ispoke.Thisisthecamera____whichheoftentakesphotos.Thisisthepilot____mysonwassaved.Arethosethesongs____you’reinterested?Theboy---____Iwenttothecinemalastweekendismybestfriend.Tomorrowisaparticularday_____hisdaughterwillgetmarried.Wecan’tlivewithoutthesun_____wegetheatandlight.Thereusedtobeabigcityin_____householdswereequippedwithafireplace.練習(xí)8使用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~、關(guān)系詞或介詞+關(guān)系詞填空鞏固練習(xí)1.Isthisthelab______theforeignersvisitedyesterday?2.Ihavethesamebook______youboughtjustnow.3.I’dliketoborrowthesametypewriter_______wasusedyesterday.4.I,who______(be)oneofthesports-lovers,oftenspendsometimeontraininginthestadium.5.Let’sdiscusssuchquestions______areaboutthefutureoftheyouth.6.Theman______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.7.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions______wereaskedinFrench.8.Thesebooks______hereadsomeofwerewrittenbyLuXun.9.Icanstillrememberthesitting-room______mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.10.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepriceof_____wasveryreasonable.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,________heremembersstartedasearlyashischildhood. where B.which C.what D.when2.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_____theaudiencecanbuyice-cream. A.when B.where C.that D.which3.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks____animalsandplantscanbeprotected. A.when B.which C.whose D.where4.Hemaywinthecompetition，________heislikely