2022-2023英語北師大版必修三單元測試卷 Unit 8 Green Living

2022-2023學(xué)年英語北師大版（2019）必修三單元測試卷Unit8

GreenLiving

學(xué)校：姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

ShowSomeLovetotheUglyandEndangered

Let'sfaceit-noteveryanimalisgoingtowinabeautycontest.Butallofthemare

important,andtheyalldeserveachanceatsurvival.Let'sshowalittleloveforsomeofthe

endangeredspeciesthatmaynotbetheprettiest,butneedourhelpallthesame.

PallidSturgeon（淺色魚尋魚）

Thespecieshasbeenaroundformorethan78millionyears.Theseguysoncesharedthe

planetwithdinosaurs.Andsadly,theycouldbegoingthesamewayastheirnow

fossilized（變成化石的）friends.Today,thelastwild-bornpallidsturgeonsarenearing

extinction.Ashumansbuiltdamsinthewaterwaysthesefishneedtosurvive,theyblocked

thepallidsturgeonfrombeingabletoreachitsbreedinggrounds.

CaliforniaCondor（力口州禿鷲）

TheCaliforniacondorsportsabarefeatherlesshead,thebettertoputintodeadthings

withoutgettingtoodirty.Withawingspanofupto9feet,they'reoneofthelargestbirdsin

theworld.Butdueinlargeparttohabitatloss,illegalshootings,andleadpoisoning,by1985

theentireknownwildpopulationhadbeenreducedtojustninebirds.

NorthernLong-earedBat

Fewanimalshaveasundeservedabadreputationasbatsdobuttheyactuallyprovide

incrediblyvaluableserviceslikepollination（授粉）oreatinginsectsthatcouldotherwisekill

cropsormakeussick.

NorthAmericanbatsliketheNorthernlong-earedbatarebeingkilledrightnowbya

diseasecalled"whitenosesyndrome”.Thisinfectionhaslentnewurgencytoeffortsto

protectbathabitatsandreduceotherthreatstotheirsurvival.

Thesearejustthreeofalonglistofendangeredspeciesthatneedourhelp-evenifthey

aren'talwaystheonesthatgetthelion'sshareofthespotlight.ThisValentine'sDay,show

someloveforspecieslikethese.

1、Whatisthemainreasonforthepallidsturgeon'scloseextinction?

A.Itsuglyappearance.

B.Theextinctionofitsfossilizedfriends.

C.Itslonghistoryofmorethan78millionyears.

D.Damspreventthemfromreachingbreedinggrounds.

2、WhichoffollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Batsdeserveabadreputation.

B.NorthAmericanbatsarebeingkilledby"whitenosesyndrome".

C.TheCaliforniacondorsportsfeatherless.

D.TheCaliforniacondoristhelargestbirdsintheworld.

3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Noanimalcansharethespotlightofthelion.

B.Fewendangeredspeciesneedhuman'shelp.

C.Allspeciesareequallyimportant.

D.TheValentine'sDayisintendedforendangeredspecies.

Polarbearsgenerallyuseseaicetohunt（捕獵）,butanewlydiscoveredgrouphasfound

anotherway.Anisolated（與世隔絕的）populationofpolarbearshasbeendiscoveredina

fjord（峽灣）insoutheastGreenland,whichisfreeofseaiceformostoftheyear.Polarbear

generallyneedseaicetosurvive,sothediscoveryisraisinghopesthatsomekindsofthe

polarbearsmightsurvivethelossofseaicecausedbyglobalwarming.

ResearchersfoundthepopulationlivinginafjordinthesoutheastGreenland,whichis

surroundedbymountainsandanicesheettothewest,andoceantotheeast.Thesea-ice

coveragelastsforonlyaround100dayseachyear.WithseaiceintheQordbecomingsmaller

becauseofglobalwarming,thewholegroupwereexpectedtodieoutbytheendofthis

century.

Buttheisolatedpopulationhasfoundawaytohuntwithoutseaice.Thegroup,about27

adultfemales,hasbeenisolatedfromotherpolarbearpopulationsalongGreenland'seast

coastforatleast200years.

Trackingdatafrommarkedbearsprovesthattheydon*tmovefar.Forexample,when

membersofthegroupwentoutoftheIjord,theiceonwhichtheysatsometimesgotcaught

intherapidwaterflow."Wheneverthishappened,theywouldgetstuckandthen,theywould

havetojumpoff,swimtothebeachandwalkbackhomeempty-handed/saysleadauthor

KristinLaidre,ananimalecologistattheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.

Thoughtheresearchersfailedtovideotheirhuntingwithoutseaice,theexistenceofthis

smallpopulationinconditionsoflowsea-icecoveragesuggeststhereisachancethatthe

populationcansurvive,evenasseaiceflowsawaytofarthernortheachyear.

4、Whathavethenewlydiscoveredpolarbearsfound?

A.Aplacefilledwithicesheets.

B.Awaytohuntwithoutseaice.

C.Awaytotrackseaiceflowingaway.

D.Anicesheetcaughtintherapidwaterflow.

5、Whywerepolarbearsintheflordexpectedtodieout?

A.Theyarebeinghuntedbyhuman.

B.Theyhavelosttheirsourceoffood.

C.Theycan'tstandtheincreasingheat.

D.Theseaicethereisbecomingsmaller.

6、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.Thebearscanswimveryfartohuntforfood.

B.KristinLaidreisnegativeaboutthefutureofthegroup.

C.Oncethegroupwentoutofthefjord,theymightgetintotrouble.

D.Ifthebearsgotcaughtintherapidwaterflow,theywouldn'tgohome.

7、Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Polarbearpopulationcansurvivewithoutseaice

B.Seaiceisbecomingsmallerbecauseoftheglobalwarming

C.Polarbearpopulationmaydieoutbecauseoftheglobalwarming

D.Anewlydiscoveredpolarbearpopulationhasbeenstuckinafjord

Evenmalechimpsneedtheirmoms.Chimpanzeesliveinamale-dominatedsociety,

wheremostoftheirvaluablematesareothermales.However,asyoungmalechimpanzees

becomeadults,they,atleasthalfofthem,continuetomaintaintightbondswiththeirmothers,

anewstudyreveals.Andapproximatelyone-thirdofthemhavetheclosestfriendshipwith

theirmotherswhilefewfemalechimpscontacttheirmothers.

Previousresearchhasshownchimpanzeemothersprovidetheirsonssupportthatgoes

farbeyondnursing.Youngmalechimpsthatareclosewiththeirmomsgrowbiggerandhave

agreaterchanceofsurvival.Toseewhetherthisbondextendsintolaterlife,researchers

followed29adolescent(9to15yearsold)andyoungadult(16to20yearsold)male

chimpanzeesataresearchsiteinKibaleNationalParkinUganda.For3years,theyobserved

thechimpsfromadistance,recordinganysocialinteractiontheywitnessed.Theseincluded

grooming(照料)，comfortingbehaviorssuchasholdinghandsorpattingshoulders,looking

backfororwaitingforotherindividuals,offeringsupportduringconflicts,andsittingnear

eachother.

Theteamfoundthatyoungadultmalesspentlesstimewiththeirmothersthan

adolescentsdid—26%versus76%.Andunlikeadolescents,theynolongercriedfortheir

mothersorsoughtcomfortafterfighting.

However,whentheseyoungadultmaleshappenedtobeinthecompanyoftheirmothers,

theyactedjustliketheadolescents,theresearchersreportthismonthinBehavioralEcology

andSociobiology.Theygroomedtheirmomsjustasoftenandkepttrackofthem.Many

mothersremainedthemales*"bestfriends",orthesocialpartnertheyassociatedwithmost

frequentlyinthewilderness,saysstudyco-leaderRachnaReddy,abiological

anthropologist（人類學(xué)家）atHarvardUniversity.

8、Howmanyyoungmalechimpshavetheclosestfriendshipwiththeirmothers?

A.About30%ofyoungmalechimps.B.About50%ofyoungmalechimps.

C.Fewofyoungmalechimps.D.Mostofyoungmalechimps.

9、Whydidtheresearchersfollowthemalechimpsandrecordtheirperformance?

A.Toprovethattheyhavemanyinteractionswithothermales.

B.Toseeifthebondswiththeirmothersstillexistinthelaterlife.

C.Toshowwhetherornottheyspendmostoftheirlifetimewiththeirmothers.

D.Toindicatethatthebondswiththeirmotherscanmakethembettersurvive.

10、Whatwouldmalechimpsdowhentheyweremoremature?

A.Theywouldliketospendmoretimewiththeirmothers.

B.Theywouldexploremoreareasawayfromtheirmothers.

C.Theywouldseekcomfortfromtheirmothersafterfighting.

D.Theywouldneedsupportfromtheirmothersduringconflicts.

11、Whendidtheyoungadultmalechimpsconductliketheadolescents?

A.Whentheylivedinthewilderness.

B.Whentheyhadnomalecompanions.

C.Whentheywereaccompaniedcoincidentallybytheirmothers.

D.Whentheygroomedandkepttrackoftheirmothersasusual.

ThewarmcoastofCaliforniaisaplacewheremanywesternmonarchbutterfliestravel

tostayduringthecoldwintermonthsintheUnitedStates.Researchersfeartherecordlow

numberofmonarchsthisyearcouldmeantheinsectsareindangerofdisappearinginthe

nearfuture.

TheXercesSocietyworksonconservationeffortsforinsects.Lastwinter,itrecorded

around29,000butterfliesinitsyearlysurvey.Thatwassimilartothewinterbefore,whenan

all-timelowof27,000monarchswascounted.Butthecountthisyearisdangerouslylow.

Fewerthan2,000orange-and-blackbutterfliesareintheyearlycountthisJanuary,which

showedabigdropinrecentyears.OntheeasternsideoftheRockyMountains,another

monarchbutterflypopulationhasdecreasedbymorethan80percentsincethemid-1990s.

Causesfortheextremelylownumbersofbutterfliesinthewesternstatesinclude

homebuildingandchemicaluse,whichdestroyedmilkweedplantsalongtheirmigratory（遷

移的）path.Theplantsareneededformonarchbutterfliestogrowanddevelop.Climate

changesinterferewiththegrowthofwildplants.Andhugewildfiresinthewestmayalso

haveinfluencedtheirmigration.

A2017WashingtonStateUniversitystudypredictedthatmonarchbutterflieswould

likelydisappearwithinlOto20yearsifthepopulationdroppedbelow30,000andnothing

wasdonetosavethem.

Actionshouldbetakentoprovideprotectionfortheirfoodsupplyandenvironment,

includingtheirmigratorypath.TheXercesSocietysaiditwillkeepworkingwithother

partnerstoprotectthemonarch.Theorganizationaddedthatpeoplecanhelpbyplanting

flowersandmilkweedalongthesebutterflies*migratorypath.

12、Whydotheresearchersfearthepossibilityofmonarchbutterfliesdisappearing?

A.BecausethewarmcoastofCaliforniaisgettingcoldduringthewintermonths.

B.Becausemostofthemarekilledbyhugewildfires.

C.Becausethepopulationofthisspeciesisvaried.

D.Becausethenumberofmonarchbutterflieshasdroppedsharply.

13、WhatdoesParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Milkweedplantsneedmonarchstogrowanddevelop.

B.Factorsofthedecreaseinnumbersofmonarchs.

C.Humanactivitieshaveinfluencedtheclimatechange.

D.Theimportanceofmilkweedtotheenvironment.

14、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase'Interferewith"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Lead.B.Help.C.Reserve.D.Disturb.

15、Whatcanweinferfromthelast2paragraphs?

A.Within10to20yearsmonarchbutterflieswilldisappear.

B.Themigratorypathofmonarchbutterfliesisunderprotection.

C.Milkweedshouldbeplantedalongmonarchs1migratorypath.

D.Itisdangerousifthenumberofaspeciesisbelow30,000.

二、七選五

16>Manypeoplesaydolphinsareintelligent.Theyseemtobeabletothink,understand,

andlearnthingsquickly.Butaretheyassmartashumans,oraretheymorelikecatsanddogs?

①.Butscientistssaydolphinsandhumansarealikeinsomeways.How?

Likehumans,everydolphinhasitsown"name."Thenameisaspecialwhistle(哨

聲).Eachdolphinchoosesawhistleforitself,usuallybyitsfirstbirthday.Dolphinsarelike

peopleinotherways,too.They"talk”toeachotheraboutalotofthings一suchastheirage,

theirfeelings,andpossibledanger.②.Understandingdolphinconversationisnot

easyfbrhumans.Noone"speaksdolphin"yet,butsomescientistsaretryingtolearn.

(3).Theyoftenjoinotherdolphinstoplaygamesandhavefuntogether,just

likepeople.Sometimestheyrunafterotherdolphinscarryingobjectsandthrowtheseobjects

backandforth.Scientistsbelieveplayingtogetherissomethingonlyintelligentanimalsdo.

Dolphinsandhumansaresimilarinanotherway:(4).Intheseasofsouthern

Brazil,forexample,dolphinsuseanintelligentmethodtogetfood.Whentherearefishnear

aboat,dolphinssignaltothefishermentoputtheirnetsinthewater.Withthedolphins1help,

themencancatchalotoffish.Whydodolphinshelpthemen?Thereisanadvantageforthe

dolphins:⑤.

A.Dolphinsliveingroups

B.Thefishermenaskthedolphinsforhelp

C.Theybothmakeplansfbrgettingthingstheywant

D.Scientistshavestudiedthebrainsofcatsanddogs

E.Theygettoeatsomeofthefishthatescapefromthenet

F.Dolphinsusetheirbrainsquitedifferentlyfromthewayhumansdo

G.Asystemofsoundsandbodylanguagearealsousedtocommunicate

三、完形填空(15空)

Iwaswalkingthroughthebushwhen,suddenly,ababykoalarushedtomethroughthe

sky.Throughquickthinking,Imanagedtocatchitinmy1."OhDoodah,areyou一

2toseemetoday?nIaskedthekoala.Doodah,ababykoala,wasjustoneofthemany

koalasthathadcomeintomy3.AndwhileImightbehisfavouriteperson,Ilovedall

oftheseanimals4.

EversinceIwasagirl,I'dlovedanimalsandat18hadstartedworkattheCurmmbin

WildlifeSanctuaryasa5collector.Selectingleavesfbrthekoalasbroughtmesomuch

joyasthekoalas6themforfood.Throughhardworkand7Ieventually

becameakoalaspecialist,whichsawmeworkinginChina,whereI8inkoala-

breedingprograms.

Myson,Jett,alwaysbeenwithkoalasandcomesout9themwithme.Butwe've

bothbecomeconcernedoverthe10ofourbelovedkoalas.Iknewthebestwayto

stopthemfromdyingoutwasto11theyounglikemysonbecausethefuturereallyis

theirs.SoIwroteachildren'sbook,HaveYouSeenATreeForMe?,whichIhopewillhelp

themunderstandwe'vegotto12ourbelovedwildlife.

Therearelotsof13thingskidscandotostarthelpingnow;Keepdogsandcats

lockedawayfromwildlife,plantatreethatwillencouragenativeanimalstovisitand

14yourfamilytodriveslowlyinwildlifehabitatsandareas.Thatmightonly

sound15,butifwealldothis,itcanmakeabigdifference.

17、A.armsB.legsC.clothesD.gloves

18、A.curiousB.responsibleC.excitedD.unwilling

19、A.exchangeB.careC.lectureD.power

20、A.officiallyB.properlyC.recentlyD.equally

21、A.woodB.rubbishC.leafD.water

22、A.brokedownB.dependedon

C.cameacrossD.concentratedon

23、A.studyB.confidenceC.debateD.arrangement

24、A.checkedB.typedC.registeredD.joined

25、A.namingB.impressingC.feedingD.catching

26、A.healthB.futureC.foodD.return

27、A.educateB.understandC.directD.trust

28>A.controlB.protectC.hideD.recognize

29、A.secretB.bigC.interestingD.simple

30、A.allowB.forceC.askD.train

31、A.smallB.confusingC.naturalD.difficult

四、語法填空

32、閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Despitemanylawsandnationalparksprotectingtigers,theirhabitatscontinuetobe

destroyedandtheyarestillbeinghunted.①(honest)speaking,tigersareamongthe

mostendangeredspeciesintheworldnowadays.Altogether,therearenomorethan5,000

tigers②(leave)inthewild.Somethinkthatthetigerisalreadytothepointof

extinctioninthewild.Therearemanyreasonsforthis,likehabitat③(lose)and

hunting.

Actually,overthelastfewdecades,anumberofsteps④(take)tohelppreserve

thetige匚TheWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)wassetuptoprotectwildlifeandtheir

habitatsin⑤early2000s.TodayWCSiscarryingoutworkin53nationsacrossthe

world,protectingagreatvarietyofspeciesfrombutterfliestotigers.In2010,WCSstarted

TigersForever,⑥aimwastoincreasethenumberoftigersintheworld⑦

50percentinthenext10years.⑧(achieve)theirgoals,theyareworking

togetherwithnotonlygovernments(9)otherorganizationstoprotecttigersandother

wildspecies.

RightnowthetigerpopulationisincreasingsteadilyunderthisprograminIndiaandin

FarEastRussia.DuetothehardworkofWCS,theselargecatshavea⑩(good)

chanceofsurvivalintheirnaturalenvironmentsthanever,notjustinzoos.

五、書面表達(dá)

33、假定你是學(xué)生會主席李華。最近，你在校園里總是看到流浪貓的身影，請你向全

校學(xué)生發(fā)起倡議，為它們建造家園。請按照以下提示寫一封英文倡議書。內(nèi)容包括：

1.現(xiàn)狀描述；

2.倡議目的；

3.提出呼吁。

注意：詞數(shù)80左右

參考詞匯：流浪貓straycats

Dearboysandgirls.

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34、閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

Ononestormyafternoonlastyear,Iwasrunninghomefromschoolwithmyumbrella

whenIheardabirdstarttosing.Outofcuriosity,Iwenttohavealook.ThenIsawabrightly

colorfulbirdnestinginabigtree.Butthenestsuddenlyfelloff.

Withmercyandlove,Idecidedtoseeifthebirdhadachancetosurvive.JustasIwent

closer,Inoticedalittleheadstickingoutofthenest.Ifoundthatithadawetbrokenwing,so

itcouldn*tfly.Itlookedsoweakasifitweredying.SoIplaceditgentlyinmyhandand

covereditwithmyumbrella.

Icarefullytookithomeandthoughtdowntheroadhowtoexplainthistomyparents.

Whatiftheywouldnotwantitandthrowitaway?Icouldnottakethatchance,soIwentout

andputitinthebackgardenandgaveitawarmblanketforthenight.

Inthefollowingdays,Iwenttoschoolasusual,butsomehow,Ifellinlovewithbiology

class,especiallywhentheteacherexplainedsomethingaboutbirds.Ilearnedtofeedthebird,

andIburnedtocareforitwhentheschoolwasover.Itwasslowlyrecoveringandgrowing.

Holidaycameatlast.Icouldn'thelptellingmygoodfriendsaboutit.Thenwesecretlywent

tothebackgardentolookatmylovelybird.However,wewereamazedtofindthatithad

beenmissing.

JustasIthoughtwhereithadgone,agreatsurprisecameallofasudden.Ifoundit

staringatmycatinthedistance.Catchingsightofmyappearance,itturnedandcame

towardsme.SoIwenttogetitsomewaterandbirdseed.ItwasthenthatIfounditgrewinto

abigbirdlikeaphoenix（鳳凰）inthefairytale.Myfriendsallpraisedit,"Whatabeautiful

birditis!"Hearingtheirwords,Ifelttrulyproud.Fortunately,mycarewasnotinvainbut

paidoff.

注意：

L續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Suddenly,myparentsappearedinthebackgarden.

Somedayslater,myfriendsandIwonderedwhattodowiththebird.

參考答案

1、答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Ashumansbuiltdamsinthewaterwaysthesefishneed

tosurvive,theyblockedthepallidsturgeonfrombeingabletoreachitsbreeding

grounds.”（當(dāng)人類在這些魚生存所需的水道上建造水壩時，他們阻止了這種蒼白的鮑魚

到達(dá)它的繁殖地。）可知淺色鮑魚瀕臨滅絕的原因是人類修建大壩，阻斷了他們?nèi)ビN

的水路。故選D。

2、答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中"NorthAmericanbatsliketheNorthernlong-earedbat

arebeingkilledrightnowbyadiseasecalled'whitenosesyndrome'."（像北方長耳蝙蝠這樣

的北美蝙蝠現(xiàn)在正被一種叫做"白鼻綜合癥”的疾病所殺死。）可知，北美蝙蝠正被"白鼻

子綜合癥"殺死。故選B。

3、答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容"Thesearejustthreeofalonglistofendangered

speciesthatneedourhelp-eveniftheyaren'talwaystheonesthatgetthelion'sshareofthe

spotlight.ThisValentine'sDay,showsomeloveforspecieslikethese."（這只是需要我們幫

助的一長串瀕危物種中的三種一即使它們并不總是最受關(guān)注的物種。這個情人節(jié)，給

這些物種一些愛吧。）可知，瀕危物種還有很多，它們并沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注，作者呼

吁人類要關(guān)愛所有的物種；由此可推知，所有的物種都同樣重要。故選C。

4,答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Buttheisolatedpopulationhasfoundawaytohunt

withoutseaice.（但是這一與世隔絕的群體發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種沒有海冰的狩獵方式）”可知，新發(fā)

現(xiàn)的這一北極熊群體找到了這一種沒有海冰的狩獵方式。故選Bo

5、答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Withseaiceinthefjordbecomingsmallerbecause

ofglobalwarming,thewholegroupwereexpectedtodieoutbytheendofthiscentury.（隨著

全球變暖，峽灣的海冰變少，預(yù)計(jì)整個群體將會在本世紀(jì)末消亡）"可知，由于海冰變

少，峽灣里的北極熊群里就可能會面臨滅絕。故選D。

6、答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Forexample,whenmembersofthegroupwent

outofthefjord,theiceonwhichtheysatsometimesgotcaughtintherapidwaterflow.

"Wheneverthishappened,theywouldgetstuckandthen,theywouldhavetojumpoff,swim

tothebeachandwalkbackhomeempty-handed,"saysleadauthorKristinLaidre,ananimal

ecologistattheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.（例如，當(dāng)北極熊群體的成員走出峽灣

時，它們坐在上面的冰有時會被湍流的水流所困住。"每當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時，它們就會

被困住，而不得不跳下，游到海灘，空手回家，"西雅圖華盛頓大學(xué)的動物生態(tài)學(xué)家

KristinLaidre說道）"可推知，如果北極熊群體走出峽灣，它們就會陷入困境。故選C。

7、答案：A

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Polarbeargenerallyneedseaicetosurvive,sothe

discoveryisraisinghopesthatsomekindsofthepolarbearsmightsurvivethelossofseaice

causedbyglobalwarming.（北極熊常常需要海冰才能生存，因此這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)提高了人們的

希望，即某些種類的北極熊可能會在全球變暖導(dǎo)致的海冰流失中幸存下來）“可知，本

文主要講述了研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)北極熊可能會在全球變暖導(dǎo)致海冰流失中幸存下來。由此可

知，A項(xiàng)”沒有海冰，北極熊群體可能會幸存下來”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。

8、答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"Andapproximatelyone-thirdofthemhavethe

closestfriendshipwiththeirmotherswhilefewfemalechimpscontacttheirmothers.（大約三

分之一的黑猩猩與母親有著最親密的友誼，而很少有雌性黑猩猩與母親聯(lián)系。）"可

知，大約三分之一的年輕雄性黑猩猩與媽媽的友誼最親密。故選A。

9、答案：B

解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Toseewhetherthisbondextendsintolaterlife,

researchersfollowed29adolescent（9to15yearsold）andyoungadult（16to20yearsold）

malechimpanzeesataresearchsiteinKibaleNationalParkinUganda..（為了研究這種聯(lián)系

是否會延續(xù)到以后的生活，研究人員在烏干達(dá)Kibale國家公園的一個研究地點(diǎn)跟蹤了

29只青春期（9到15歲）和年輕成年（16到20歲）的雄性黑猩猩。片可知，研究的目的是

觀察雄性黑猩猩與媽媽的這種聯(lián)系是否會延續(xù)到以后的生活中。故選Bo

10、答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Theteamfoundthatyoungadultmalesspentlesstime

withtheirmothersthanadolescentsdid—26%versus76%.Andunlikeadolescents,theyno

longercriedfortheirmothersorsoughtcomfortafterfighting.（研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，年輕成年雄

性和母親在一起的時間比青少年少一26%比76%。與青少年不同的是，他們不再叫著

找媽媽，也不再在爭吵后尋求安慰?！嚎芍?，年輕的成年雄性黑猩猩和它們的媽媽待

在一起的時間更少了，它們也不再叫著要找媽媽或在打斗后尋求安慰。由此可推知，

當(dāng)雄性黑猩猩更成熟后，它們會遠(yuǎn)離媽媽，去更遠(yuǎn)的地方探索。故選B。

11、答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"However,whentheseyoungadultmales

happenedtobeinthecompanyoftheirmothers,theyactedjustliketheadolescents.（然而，

當(dāng)這些年輕的成年男性黑猩猩恰好有母親陪伴時，它們的行為就像青少年一樣。丁可

知，當(dāng)這些年輕的成年雄性黑猩猩碰巧和它們的媽媽在一起時，它們的行為就像青少

年時一樣。故選C。

12、答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Researchersfeartherecordlownumberofmonarchs

thisyearcouldmeantheinsectsareindangerofdisappearinginthenearfuture.（研究人員擔(dān)

心，今年帝王蝶的數(shù)量創(chuàng)歷史新低可能意味著這種昆蟲在不久的將來有消失的危

險。）"可知，研究人員擔(dān)心該蝴蝶消失的原因是其數(shù)量急劇下降。故選D。

13、答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Causesfortheextremelylownumbersofbutterflies

inthewesternstatesincludehomebuildingandchemicaluse,whichdestroyedmilkweed

plantsalongtheirmigratorypath.Theplantsareneededformonarchbutterfliestogrowand

develop.Climatechangesinterferewiththegrowthofwildplants.Andhugewildfiresinthe

westmayalsohaveinfluencedtheirmigration4西部各州蝴蝶數(shù)量極低的原因包括房屋建

設(shè)和化學(xué)使用，這破壞了它們遷徙路徑上的馬利筋植物。這種植物是帝王蝶生長發(fā)育

所必需的。氣候變化會影響野生植物的生長。西部的巨大野火也可能影響了它們的遷

徙。）"可知，本段主要講述了導(dǎo)致帝王蝶數(shù)量減少的因素。故選B。

14、答案：D

解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Climatechangesinterferewiththegrowthofwild

plants.Andhugewildfiresinthewestmayalsohaveinfluencedtheirmigration.（氣候變化會

interferewith野生植物的生長。西部的巨大野火也可能影響了它們的遷徙。）“可知，下

一句話中有also一詞，則此處與下文的influenced表示并列，同為"影響；干擾”的意

思。故選D。

15、答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Theorganizationaddedthatpeoplecanhelpby

plantingflowersandmilkweedalongthesebutterflies'migratorypath.（該組織補(bǔ)充說，人們

可以在這些蝴蝶的遷徙路徑上種植鮮花和馬利筋。）”可知，馬利筋應(yīng)該種在帝王蝶遷

徙的路線上。故選C。

16、答案：①-⑤FGACE

解析：本文是一篇說明文。本文主要通過舉例說明在某些方面海豚與人類很相像。

①根據(jù)后文"Butscientistssaydolphinsandhumansarealikeinsomeways.How?（但是科

學(xué)家說海豚和人類在某些方面很相似。那是怎么樣的呢？）”可知，空處與后文之間是

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故空處應(yīng)指海豚與人類不同的地方，故F項(xiàng)"Dolphinsusetheirbrainsquite

differentlyfromthewayhumansdo.（海豚使用大腦的方式與人類完全不同）"符合語意。

故選F。

②根據(jù)前文"They"talk"toeachotheraboutalotofthings—suchastheirage,theirfeelings,

andpossibledanger.（他們互相"談?wù)?很多事情---比如他們的年齡、他們的感覺和可能

的危險。）"以及后文"Understandingdolphinconversationisnoteasyforhumans.（理解海豚

的對話對人類來說并不容易。）"可知，此處講述的是海豚與人類的一個相似之處就

是，海豚也會進(jìn)行"對話"，用它們自己的方式進(jìn)行。故選項(xiàng)"Asystemofsoundsand

bodylanguagearealsousedtocommunicate（聲音和肢體語言系統(tǒng)也被用來交流）"銜接上

下文，符合語意。故選G。

③根據(jù)后文“Theyoftenjoinotherdolphinstoplaygamesandhavefuntogether,justlike

people4它們經(jīng)常和其他海豚一起玩游戲，一起玩得開心，就像人一樣。）"可知，海豚

跟人一樣，都是喜歡做一些群體性的活動，因此選項(xiàng)A"Dolphinsliveingroups（海豚群

居生活）”引起下文內(nèi)容，符合語意。故選A。

④根據(jù)后文“IntheseasofsouthernBrazil,forexample,dolphinsuseanintelligentmethod

togetfood.Whentherearefishnearaboat,dolphinssignaltothefishermentoputtheirnets

inthewater.（例如，在巴西南部海域，海豚用一種聰明的方法獲取食物。當(dāng)船附近有魚

時，海豚會向漁民發(fā)出信號，讓他們把網(wǎng)放入水中。）"可知，海豚很聰明，要獲得它

們想要的東西時，它們會有所行動，有計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，這點(diǎn)跟人相似。故選項(xiàng)C”Theyboth

makeplansforgettingthingstheywant（他們都為得到他們想要的東西制定計(jì)劃）"符合語

意。故選C。

⑤根據(jù)前文"Whydodolphinshelpthemen?Thereisanadvantageforthedolphins］為什么

海豚幫助人類？海豚有一個優(yōu)勢：）"可知，海豚幫助人類，它們也有一些好處的。故

選項(xiàng)E"Theygettoeatsomeofthefishthatescapefromthenet（他們可以吃一些從網(wǎng)中逃

脫的魚）”符合語意。故選E。

17、答案：A

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過快速思考，我設(shè)法把它抱在懷里。A.arms手

臂；B.legs腿；C.clothes衣服；D.gloves手套。根據(jù)"Iwaswalkingthroughthebush

when,suddenly,ababykoalarushedtomethroughthesky."可知，考拉從天而降，沖向作

者，故推知作者抓住考拉，用手臂將考拉抱在懷里。故選A。

18、答案：C

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我問這只考拉："哦，Doodah,你今天見到我興奮

嗎？"A.curious好奇的；B.responsible有責(zé)任的；C.excited激動的，興奮的；D.

unwilling不愿意的。根據(jù)"Iwaswalkingthroughthebushwhen,suddenly,ababykoala

rushedtomethroughthesky."可知，考拉從天而降，沖向作者，故推知考拉見到作者很

興奮。故選C。

19、答案：B

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Doodah,一只小考拉，只是我照顧的眾多考拉之

一oA.exchange交流，交換；B.care照顧；C.lecture講座；D.power能力。根據(jù)"Ever

sinceIwasagirl.I'dlovedanimalsandat18hadstartedworkattheCurmmbinWildlife

Sanctuaryasacollector.Selectingleavesforthekoalasbroughtmesomuchjoyas

thekoalasthemforfood."可知，作者很喜歡考拉，并為考拉收集樹葉。故推

知作者的工作是照顧考拉。故選B。

20、答案：D

解析：77.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我可能是他最喜歡的人，但我同樣喜歡所有

這些動物。A.officially正式地；B.properly正確地；C.recently最近；D.equally同樣

地。根據(jù)"EversinceIwasagirl,I'dlovedanimalsandat18hadstartedworkatthe

CunnmbinWildlifeSanctuaryasacollector."可知，作者喜歡所有動物，為動物

們收集樹葉。故推知作者對待所有動物都是平等的，一樣的喜愛。故選D。

21、答案：C

解析：78.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從我還是個小女孩的時候起，我就喜歡動物。18

歲時開始在Curmmbin野生動物保護(hù)區(qū)工作，擔(dān)任樹葉收集者。A.wood木頭；B.

rubbish垃圾；C.leaf葉子；D.water水。