無錫市天一中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試題（原卷版）

天一中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年度上學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高二英語試題（滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.7:15. B.6:40. C.7:45.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutthewoman’shat?AIt’sverygood.B.Itdoesn’tgowellwithherdress.C.Helikesthestyleofit.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedoesn’tknowthepark.B.Theparkisnearby.C.Thereisnoparkinghere.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thewomanshouldgoaway.B.Hewillgoclosertoher.C.Hecanhearherverywell.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheproblem?A.Thewomandoesn’tlikeorangejuice.B.Themanwaslookingfororangejuice.C.Themanbrokethecontaineroftheorangejuice.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whichbusdidthemantakeyesterday?A.Number7.B.Number15.C.Bothofthem.7.HowfarwillthewomanwalkifshetakesaNumber15bus?A.Halfamile. B.Onemile. C.Twomiles.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.What’stheweatherlikethesedays?A.Rainingallthetime.B.Sunnyandbright.C.Cloudyandwindy.9.Whatdotheythinkoftheweather?A.Nottoobad.B.Terrible.CFine.10.Howabouttheweathertomorrowaccordingtotheweatherman?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Wheredidthemanwatchthemovie?A.Atafriend’shouse.B.Downtown.C.Atanearbycinema.12.Howdidthemanlikethemovie?A.Itwasexcellent.B.Itwasabsurd.C.Itwasn’tworthmentioning.13.WhydidDavesayhisroommatewasarealairhead?A.HethoughtTitanicwasaJapaneseboatduringWorldWarⅡ.B.HesaidthattheJapanesewonthewarusingaboatcalledTitanic.C.HebelievedthattheJapanesesankaboatcalledTitanic.14.WhatdidDaveandhisroommatedoafterthemovie?A.Theywentoutforafewdrinks.B.TheywatchedTV.C.Theytalkedabouttheirhobbies.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】15.Whatisthewoman?A.Asaleswoman.B.Astudent.C.Abankclerk.16.Howmuchmoneycanthewomangetpermonthalltogether?A.＄760. B.＄1260. C.＄2160.17.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Workmore.B.Getsomemoneyfromthebank.C.Makeamonthlybudget.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whatdidthewomandoimmediatelyaftershewokeup?A.Shelookedoutofthewindow.B.SheturnedontheTV.C.Shepreparedtoleave.19.Whatwastheweatherlikethatday?A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.20.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Thewomanleftwithouttakinganything.B.Shecouldn’tseetheroadclearlybecausenightwasdrawingnear.C.Abigfirebrokeoutaroundwhereshelived.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ABuzzwords(流行詞匯)SplinternetEuropeisfloatingregulationthatcouldimposetemporarybansonUStechcompaniesthatviolateitslaws.Ifsuchterritorialagreementsbecomemorecommon,theglobally-connectedInternetweknowwillmorelikewhatsomehavecalledthe“splinternet”,oracollectionofdifferentInternetswhoselimitsaredeterminedbynationalorregionalborders.Cyberpunk—Doyouthinkwearealreadyinacyberpunkage?—Ithinkweare.Justlookaroundus,weareenjoyingthefruitofhightechnologywhenweorderalmosteverythingatourfingertips.Butthepeopledeliveringtheproductscan’tevenhaveadecentmeal.That’satypical“hightech,lowlife”contrast.Mansplaining—Youmustfollowmyinstructionstocompletetheproject.Don’tyoueverscrewup.—Stopmansplaining,OK?I’mfarmoreexperiencedthanyou.DigitalnativesIfyouarewonderingwhy“Phone”appiconisdesignedlikethatandlooksalmostthesameoneverysmartphone,youaredefinitelyoneofthedigitalnativeswhodon’tknowwhatatelephoneis.SocialbankruptcyHaveyoueverfounditextremelyexhaustingtryingtomaintainabalancedrelationshipwithallyoursocialmediafriendsandfollowers?Perhapsit’stimethatyougosocialbankruptcy.Justcloseallyouraccountsandgooutandenjoythesunshine.21.ThesocialmediaplatformFacebookbrieflydecidedtopreventAustralianusersfromsharingnewlinks.Whichwordismostrelevanttothisaffair?A.Splinternet B.Mansplaining C.Digitalnatives D.Socialbankruptcy22.Mencius(孟子)oncesaid:“Disgustforsomeonebyothersdoesfocusonhis/herpretendingtobeothers’master.”Whichwordmeansthesamething?A.Splinternet B.Cyberpunk C.Mansplaining D.Digitalnatives23.WhichcolumninTeenSpaceMagazineisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Preface B.Outlook C.Story D.WitticismBEveryoneisafraidofsomething.Maybeyou'reafraidofspiders,orheights,ordogs,orthedark.Andtraditionally,we’vethoughtthat'sbecauseyoulearnedtobeafraid.Probablybecauseyouhadabadrun-inwithsomethingatsomepoint.Butthere'sadifferentideaouttherethat'sbeengettingmoreattentionlately:theideathatfearsaren’tjustlearned…theyalsocanbeinherited.Itsoundslikeawildidea.Howdoyouinheritsomethingasabstractasfear?Butoverthelastfiftyyears,researchershavebeenstudyingjusthowmuchfearshavetodowithinheritanceandgenetics.Andtheirresultshavebeenkindofsurprising.Inthisworkthey’veputalotofeffortintounderstandingoneextremekindoffear,calledaphobia.Togetasenseofhowmuchgenesinfluencefear,scientistshavebegunlookingatidenticaltwins.SinceidenticaltwinshavealmostthesameDNA,researcherscanfigureouthowheritableafearisbycomparinghowoftenspecificphobiasappearinidenticaltwinsasopposedtootherbrothersorsisters.Becauseeventhoughtwinsoftenhavelotsofsimilarexperiences,theyprobablydon'tsharethetypesofexperiencesthatcausephobias—likegettingbittenbyadogorfallingoutofatree.One1998studyof659pairsofidenticalandfraternaltwinsinAustralialookedathowmanyhadafearofblood.Thestudyfoundthatgeneticsaccountedfor71percentofthevariationamongthosepeople,meaninggeneticfactorsplayaprettybigroleindeterminingwhetherapersonhassomespecificfear.A2016studyalsofoundthatfearofdentalworkwasover30percentheritable.So,ifyouareafraidofgoingtothedentist,itreallymightnotbeyourdentist'sfault.Overall,first-degreerelativesofpeoplewithphobiasaremorelikelytohavesimilarphobiasthanpeoplewithnofamilyhistory.So,it'sprettyclearthatphobiasareheritable!24.WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.2?A.It'sunbelievablethatpeoplecaninheritsomethingsoabstractlikefear.B.It'ssurprisingthatpeopleknowsolittleaboutinheritanceandgenetics.C.It'snaturalthatpeoplebecomeafraidofthingsthattheyhadbadexperiencewith.D.It'sinterestingthatpeopleareafraidofsomanythingssuchasspidersandthedark.25.Whydidthescientistschooseidenticaltwinsastheirtestsubjects?A.Theylookverymuchalike. B.Theyhavesharedexperiences.C.Theyhavesimilarpersonalities. D.TheysharebasicallythesameDNA.26.WhatdidtheauthortrytoprovebymentioningthestudiesinPara.4and5?A.Dentistsarescarytomanykids. B.Mostpeoplehavesomekindoffear.C.Fearofbloodisthemostcommonphobia. D.Fearofthingscanbearesultofgeneticinheritance.27.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Asciencetalkshow.C.Acommercialadvertisement. D.Ahistorybook.CDr.MelissaD.YoungisachemistandCertifiedDiabetesEducatorattheAmericanAssociationofDiabetesEducatorswhoholdsaverypersonalinterestinadvocatingforannualfluvaccination(預(yù)防接種).Twelveyearsago,hermotherpassedawayafterafluinfection.Young’smotherhadachronic(慢性的)lungcondition,butshehadrefusedtogetafluvaccinebecauseshemistakenlythoughtitwouldmakehersufferfromtheflu.It’sasad,butalltoocommonstory.AccordingtodatacollectedbytheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,ofUSadultswhowerehospitalizedforfluinfectionin2018-2019withadditionalinformationavailable,93percenthadatleastonemedicalcondition.IntheUS,nearlyhalfofalladultsaged45-64years,and80percentofthoseaged65yearsandolder,havemultiplechronichealthconditionsthatputthemathighriskforflu-relatedcomplications,includingheartattack,stroke,hospitalization,andevendeath.Toaddressthispublichealththreat,themedicalcommunityisworkingtogethertoprotectthemostvulnerable(易受傷害的)patients.Fluvirusescauseareactionthatcanlastforseveralweeksfollowingseriousinfection.Thisflu-relatedreactioncanmakeexistingchronicconditionsworse,includingheartdisease,lungdiseaseanddiabetes.Additionally,adultswithdiabetesweresixtimesmorelikelytobehospitalizedandthreetimesmorelikelytodiefromflu-relatedcomplicationsthanpeoplewithoutdiabetes.Yetthereremainslowawarenessoftheimportanceofannualfluvaccinationforadultswithchronichealthconditions.Despitetheabundanceofpublichealthguidanceurgingpeopletogetvaccinatedeachyear,increasingfluvaccinationrateshasprovenextremelydifficult.Vaccinationcoverageamongadultshasincreasedslightlyoverthepastdecade,butremainsabout40percent,leavingmorethanhalfofUSadultsvulnerableeachyear.28.WhydoestheauthormentionYoung’smotherinparagraph1?A.Tosummarizethefollowingparagraphs.B.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.C.Toshowthebackgroundofthestory.D.Toprovidesomeadviceforreaders.29.Whatdoweknowaboutfluinfectionandchronicconditions?A.Theyinfluenceeachother. B.TheyexistmainlyinAmerica.C.Theyhardlyhappentotheyoung. D.Theyarethemainreasonsfordeath.30.WhatattitudedomostAmericanadultshavetowardsfluvaccination?A.Positive. B.Flexible.C.Uncertain. D.Uncaring.31.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThebenefitsoffluvaccinationB.FluinfectionisincreasingintheUSAC.FluinfectionisathreatforAmericanadultsD.ThedifficultyincarryingoutfluvaccinationDThefarsideofthemoonisastrangeandwildregion,quitedifferentfromthefamiliarandmostlysmoothfaceweseenightlyfromourplanet.Soonthisroughspacewillhaveevenstrangerfeatures:itwillbecrowdedwithradiotelescopes.Astronomersareplanningtomakethemoon'sdistantsideournewestandbestwindowonthecosmic(宇宙的)darkages,amysteriouserahidingearlymarksofstarsandgalaxies.Ouruniversewasnotalwaysfilledwithstars.About380,000yearsafterthebigbang,theuniversecooled,andthefirstatomsofhydrogenformed.Gigantichydrogencloudssoonfilledtheuniverse.Butforafewhundredmillionyears,everythingremaineddark,withoutstars.Thencamethecosmicdawn:thefirststarsflickered,galaxiescameintoexistenceandslowlytheuniverse'slarge-scalestructuretookshape.Theseedsofthisstructuremusthavebeenpresentinthedark-agehydrogenclouds,buttheerahasbeenimpossibletoprobeusingoptical(光學(xué)的)telescopes—therewasnolight.Andalthoughthishydrogenproducedlong-wavelength(orlow-frequency)radioemissions,radiotelescopesonEarthhavefounditnearlyimpossibletodetectthem.Ouratmosphereeitherblocksordisturbsthesefaintsignals;thosethatgetthrougharedrownedoutbyhumanity'sradionoise.Scientistshavedreamedfordecadesofstudyingthecosmicdarkagesfromthemoon'sfarside.Nowmultiplespaceagenciesplanlunarmissionscarryingradio-wave-detectinginstruments—somewithinthenextthreeyears—andastronomers'dreamsaresettobecomereality.“IfIweretodesignanidealplacetodolow-frequencyradioastronomyIwouldhavetobuildthemoon,”saysastrophysicistJackBurnsoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.“Wearejustnowfinallygettingtotheplacewherewe'reactuallygoingtobeputtingthesetelescopesdownonthemooninthenextfewyears.”32.What'sthepurposeofbuildingradiotelescopesonthemoon?A.Toresearchthebigbang. B.Todiscoverunknownstars.C.Tostudythecosmicdarkages. D.Toobservethefarsideofthemoon.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“probe”inParagraph3possiblymean?A.Explore. B.Evaluate.C.Produce. D.Predict.34.Hydrogenradioemissionscan'tbedetectedonEarthbecause________．A.therewasnolightinthedarkagesB.theycannotpossiblygetthroughouratmosphereC.gigantichydrogencloudsnolongerfilltheuniverseD.radiosignalsonEarthcausetoomuchinterference35.Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Scientistshavetorebuildthemoon.B.Wewillfinallygettothemoon'sdistantside.C.Themoonisaperfectplacetosetupradiotelescopes.D.Afavorableresearchenvironmentwillbefoundonthemoon.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MakingtheMostofthePresentWe'veallbeenaskedthatquestion"Wheredoyouseeyourselfin5or10years?”andwhilesomeofusmighthavetheanswerstothat,therealityis,mostofusdon'tandthatistotallyOK.____36____We'veputtogetherthebelowtipsonhowtoenjoylivinginthemoment.Stopworryingaboutwhathasn'thappenedyet.We'vealldoneit.Worryingaboutasituationthathasn'thappenedyetisonlygoingtoruinallthegoodthingsthatarehappeningnow.Ifyoufocusonthefuturetoomuch,itmakesthepresentirrelevant.____37____Ifitisreallyeatingyouup,trythinkingaboutwhatyoucandorightnowtoavoidanynegativesituationsyoumightbeworriedabout.____38____Itissoeasytogetcaughtupinotherpeople'slivesandcompareyourachievementstotheirs,soifyoufindyourselfdoubtingyourachievementsandfeelinglessthansomeonebecausetheyhaveanicercarorabetterjob,takeastepawayfromthemforawhileuntilyounolongerfeelnegativelyaboutthedifferencesinyourlivesandachievements.Bettermood,betterlife.Putyourselffirstandstoptryingtopleaseeveryoneelse.____39____Andlookingafteryourselfbeforeanyoneelseisthemostimportant.Worktowardsthegoalsyouwanttoachieve,nottheonesotherswantyoutoachieveortheonesyouthinkyoushouldbeachievingbecausesocietytellsustoo.Ifyoudon'twanttogetmarried,that'sOK,andifyoudo,that'sOKtoo.____40____A.Nooneisbetterthanyou.B.Youareyourownnumberone.C.Justmakesurethatanythingyoudo,isdoneforyou!D.Stopbeinginfluencedbypopularandinfluentialpeople.E.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplethatmakeyoufeelbetter.F.Whatwillbe,willbeandstressingaboutsomethingisn'tgoingtochangethat.GThinkingaheadisimportantbutitcanoftenbethecauseofunnecessarystress.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Gonearethedayswhenbigbusinesseswerelookeduponbyenvironmentalistsasenemiesinthefightagainstglobalwarming.JusttwoweeksafterU.S.PresidentDonaldTrumppulledhiscountryoutoftheParisClimateAgreement,morethan900Americanfirmsputtheir___41___toa“WeAreStillIn”openlettertotheUnitedNations.Together,theypromisetohelpreduceAmerica’scarbonemissionsby26percentby2025,___42___theParisClimateAgreement.___43___,bigbusinesseshavebeentakingclimatechangeseriouslyforyearsnow.Alongsideenergy-efficiencymeasures,thestrongestevidenceoftheir___44___hasbeenthenumberofnewwindandsolarprojectsthattheyhavebeenhelpingtobuildaroundtheworld.ITfirmssuchasAmazonandGooglehavebeenusingcleanenergytopowertheirservers(服務(wù)器).Someenvironmentalistsnowbelievethatbigbusinessescouldbecomestrong___45___behindtheworldwidespreadofrenewableenergy.“Thereusedtobelittleaction,”saysMartySpitzeroftheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF),“Now,Iseefundamental___46___beingmade.”Morerecently,thisenthusiasmforenvironmentalprotectionhas___47___fromcorporateheadquarterstobranchesandsuppliers,andfromdevelopedcountriestoemergingmarkets.TakeWalmart,theworld’slargestretailer,forexample.InMarch2016,itsaidthatitwouldrequireitsownoperationsandthosealongits___48___chaintoreducecarbon-dioxideemissionsbyonebilliontonsby2030.Thisis___49___totaking211millionpassengercarsoffAmerica’sroadsforayear.Theannouncementwas____50____bytheWWFandotherconservationorganizations,whicharehelpingWalmart’ssuppliersworktowardsthisgoal.Apple,makeroftheiPhone,hassaidthatsevenofitsbiggestglobalmanufacturershavepromisedtopowertheirApple-related____51____withrenewableenergybytheendofthisyear.AccordingtotheWWF,intheUnitedStatesalone,nearlytwodozenofthebiggestfirmshavecommittedthemselvestobecoming100percentrenewableinthenearfuture.HervéTouatioftheRockyMountainInstitute,aclean-energyresearchfirm,explainsthe____52____behindthistrend.Goinggreenimprovesthecompanies’publicimageandhelpsattractcustomers,staffandinvestors.Anheuser-BuschInBev,theworld’sbiggestbrewer(啤酒公司),haslotsofyoungpeopleamongitsmany____53____.Manyofthemtakeenvironmentalissuesseriously.Electricity,used____54____inthebrewingprocess,amountstoatenthofitstotalcosts.Lastyear,thecompanysetouttoincreasetheroleofrenewablesingenerating____55____to100percentby2025.“Mygenerationoftentakesenergyandcleanairforgranted,”saidTonyMilikin,thefirm’schiefsustainabilityofficer.“Thegenerationcomingupnowlooksatittotallydifferently.”41.A.posters B.innovations C.names D.donations42.A.forfearof B.bymeansof C.inlinewith D.onaccountof43.A.Infact B.Onaverage C.Bycontrast D.Inaddition44.A.assessment B.commitment C.argument D.attachment45.A.predictors B.features C.cases D.forces46.A.changes B.profits C.mistakes D.differences47.A.transferred B.ranged C.processed D.extended48.A.food B.store C.supply D.data49.A.opposite B.equivalent C.accustomed D.second50.A.criticized B.issued C.welcomed D.underlined51.A.content B.accounts C.activities D.production52.A.inspirations B.motivations C.destinations D.functions53.A.manufacturers B.investors C.customers D.administrators54.A.considerably B.skillfully C.economically D.occasionally55.A.heat B.wind C.water D.power第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填寫適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。___56___(doubt),Earthisbecomingwarmerandthereisstrongevidenceof___57___causesthedramaticchangeintheglobalclimate.Actually,the“greenhouseeffect”is___58___(blame).Theriseintemperaturehas___59___(lead)toanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonly___60___(cause)seriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Toreducegreenhousegasemissions,governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesand___61___(take)appropriateactionsandmeasureswhileweasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.China___62___(make)greatprogressinspaceprogrammeinrecentyears,includingYangLiwei’ssuccessfullyorbitingEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraftin2003andChang’e4’sexploringthesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomake___63___(measure)andobservations.Thefutureofspaceexplorationremainsbright.___64___thedifficulties,scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenablesus____65____(understand)howtheuniversebegan,butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）66.假定你是李華，你的外教MrWhile對中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中秋節(jié)很感興趣，他來信向你請教“中秋節(jié)”及這個節(jié)日里的主要活動。你回信介紹這個節(jié)日。內(nèi)容包括：(1)它是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一；(2)家人團(tuán)聚；(3)賞月、吃月餅；(4)還有旅游、訪友等其他活動。注意：詞數(shù)80左右；可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）67.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Itwasaveryhotafternoon.