河北省滄衡八校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

滄衡八校聯(lián)盟高三年級(jí)2023～2024學(xué)年上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.HowwillthespeakersgobacktoLondon?A.Byair.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inanoffice.C.Inacafe.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Competitionwitheachother.BVisitingeachother’scompany.C.Doingbusinesswitheachother.4.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.Repairingthesofa.B.Cleaningthekitchen.C.Buyingacupboard.5.Whydoesthemanchoosetheguitar?A.Hewantstobedifferent.更多免費(fèi)優(yōu)質(zhì)滋元可家威杏MXSJ663B.Hewantstobelikehisfriends.C.Hethinksitiscooltoplaytheguitar.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whereistheaccountingoffice?A.Onthe4thfloor.B.Onthe5thfloor.C.Onthe6thfloor.7.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Leadhertoameetingroom.B.Invitehertolunch.C.Takethingstothe10thfloor.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.BridgeStreet.B.GaryStreet.C.Agasstation.9.Whatshouldthemandofirst?A.Turnright.B.Turnleft.C.DoaU-turn.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Inwhatlanguageistheoperausuallysung?A.ChineseorEnglish.B.ItalianorFrench.C.GermanorFrench.11.Howmanylanguagescanthemanspeak?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.12.Whatwillthetwospeakersprobablydonext?A.Watchanopera.B.Talkabouttheperformers.C.Learnanewlanguage.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkabouttrainingatweekends?A.Unnecessary.B.Important.C.Unreasonable.14.Whatisthetrainingmainlyfor?A.Skilllearning.B.Culturalawareness.C.Teamworkimprovement.15.Whatbenefitwillaone-yearemployeereceive?A.Asalaryincrease.B.Aseven-dayholiday.C.Apossiblepromotion.16.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Companyrules.B.Salarystandards.C.Jobtraining.聽(tīng)第10段材料，問(wèn)答第17至20題。17.Whattimeisitnow?A.It’s7:45am.B.It’s8:00am.C.It’s8:15am.18.Wherewillthevisitorsgofirst?A.NewtonStreet.B.CityMuseum.C.RedwoodPark.19.HowlongwilltheyspendatNewtonStreet?A.Anhour.B.Onehourandahalf.C.Twohours.20.Howmanyplaceswilltheyvisittoday?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBestCavesinTheWorldHangSonDoong,VietnamNaturalcavesdon’tcomemuchlargerthanHangSonDoong,closetotheborderbetweenLaosandVietnam.Thiscavepossessesthelargestcross-sectionofanyknowncaveontheplanet,avastareathatisdifficulttodescribe.Supposedly,aBoeing747couldflythroughwithoutdamagingitswings,butthatdoesn’treallydojusticetothevastnessofHangSonDoong.Thestalactites(鐘乳石)hereareprettymassivetoo,withsomereachingupto80metres.WaitomoCaves,NewZealandGlowworms(螢火蟲(chóng))arethere,asfarastheeyecansee.Okay,notliterally,buttheWaitomoCavesystemonNewZealand’sNorthIslandisbest-knownforthefluorescentfaunathatlightupthewalls,givingitthenot-particularly-creativebutcompletelyacceptable“GlowwormCaves”nickname.Theyaremoreaccessiblethanothercavesonthislist,withraftingandadventuretoursavailabletothoselookingforsomethingalittlemorethrilling.MammothCave,theUSAIfyouhavecertainexpectationsfromsomewherecalled“MammothCave”,thatisentirelyunderstandable.MammothCaveinKentuckyistheworld’slongestknowncavesystem,anincredible420milesofundergroundwonder.That’stwiceaslongasthenextlongest,bytheway,althoughitisn’tunusualfortheUSAtogoalloutonsuchthings.ReedFlute(蘆笛)Cave,ChinaNamedafterthereedsthatgrowoutside,whichareusedtomakeflutes,obviously,theReedFluteCave’swallsarecoveredwithinscriptionsfromcenturiesgoneby—ifevidencewasneededthatpeoplehavebeenpayingattentiontothisplaceforalongoldtime.Theinsidepartofthecaveisalsolitupbymulticolouredlights,givingitarealotherworldlythemethataddsweighttothenickname.1.WhatisspecialaboutHangSonDoong?A.Itwasonceabaseofafactory.B.Itisthedeepestcaveintheworld.C.Ithasthehigheststalactitesintheworld.D.Itownsthelargestcross-sectionintheworld.2.Whichofthefollowingcanbemucheasiertoenter?A.HangSonDoong. B.WaitomoCaves.C.MammothCave. D.ReedFluteCave.3.Whichcountryprobablyhasthelongestcavesystemintheworld?A.Vietnam. B.NewZealand. C.TheUSA. D.China.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上的幾個(gè)洞穴：越南的韓松洞，新西蘭的懷托摩洞穴，美國(guó)的猛犸洞，中國(guó)的蘆笛洞。1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“HangSonDoong,Vietnam”部分內(nèi)容“Thiscavepossessesthelargestcross-sectionofanyknowncaveontheplanet,avastareathatisdifficulttodescribe.(這個(gè)洞穴擁有地球上所有已知洞穴中最大的橫截面，面積之大難以形容)”可知，韓松洞的特別之處在于其擁有世界上最大的橫截面。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“WaitomoCaves,NewZealand”部分內(nèi)容“Theyaremoreaccessiblethanothercavesonthislist,withraftingandadventuretoursavailabletothoselookingforsomethingalittlemorethrilling.(它們比這個(gè)名單上的其他洞穴更容易進(jìn)入，對(duì)于那些尋找更刺激的東西的人來(lái)說(shuō)，可以進(jìn)行漂流和冒險(xiǎn)之旅)”可知，新西蘭的懷托摩洞穴在所列舉的洞穴中是更容易進(jìn)入的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“MammothCave,theUSA”部分內(nèi)容“MammothCaveinKentuckyistheworld’slongestknowncavesystem,anincredible420milesofundergroundwonder.(肯塔基州的猛犸洞穴是世界上已知最長(zhǎng)的洞穴系統(tǒng)，一個(gè)令人難以置信的420英里的地下奇跡)”可知，美國(guó)肯塔基州的猛犸洞穴有世界上最長(zhǎng)的洞穴系統(tǒng)。故選C項(xiàng)。BForVishwanathMallabadifromBangalore,India,thereisnosuchthingasauselessobjector“waste”.Givehimanything—abandonedmetalorplasticitems,olddevices,dysfunctionalprintedcircuitboards—andhe’llcreateartoutofit.Vishwanath’spassionisparticularlyrelevantinthecurrentage,whereIndiageneratesmoree-wastethanitcanrecycle.From2019to2020,thecountrygeneratedatotalofmorethan1milliontonnesofewaste.Ofthis,only22.7percentwascollected,takenapartandrecycled.Theeco-artisthasupcycledandtransformednearly200kgofe-wasteintousableproductsandproposeseco-artasameanstodealwithwastemanagement.Vishwanath’sfather,DMShambhu,wasafamoussculptorandpainter,buthewantedhissontochoosemedicineandbecomeadoctor.However,Vishwanath,whowasinterestedinupcyclingsecond-handobjectsrightfromchildhood,decidedtopursueaBFAinAppliedArt.Helaterwentontoworkinacompanyasahigh-leveladministratorandretiredtwoyearsago.“Inmyfreetimeandduringtheweekends.Iusedtoconductexperimentsine-wasteandtrytodevelopsomethingunique,”herecalled.Sofar,theeco-artisthascreatedmorethan500objects.Theseincludeasix-foottallsculpturemadefromupcycledcomputerkeyboardkeys,andapaintinginspiredbyVincentVanGogh’sTheStarryNight,usingupcycledresistors(電阻器)onwood.Amonghisotherartworksarea42×38inchfigurestatuecreatedfromupcycledkeyboardkeysonasunboardfinishedwithplastics,adeermadeofcolorfulusedwires,plantsandflowersfromcomputerparts,andecojewelleryfromupcycleddigitalwristwatchparts.“Theworkinvolvesselectingthee-wasteobjects—thetexture,shape,andcolouretc,andvisualisingandconceptualisingthefinalproduct.Itmighttakeweeksandmonthsforsculptures.However,sustainableinitiativesandupcycledartarenowadaysindemandinmultinationalcompaniesoptingforasustainableculture,”hesaid.4.Whatdoestheauthortrytoconveyinparagraph2?ATheseriousnessofe-wasteinIndia.B.Vishwanath’spassionforenvironmentprotection.C.TheachievementsofwastemanagementinIndia.D.Vishwanath’sattitudetowardsdealingwithe-waste.5.WhatdidVishwanathworkasbeforeretiring?A.Apassionateeco-artist. B.Aprivatedoctor.C.Afamoussculptor. D.Aseniormanager.6.Whichoftheartworksweremadeofthesamematerials?A.Thedeerandtheplants. B.Thesculptureandthefigurestatue.C.Thepaintingandtheflowers. D.Thedeerandtheecojewellery.7.WhatdoesVishwanaththinkofhisworkingoneco-art?A.Excitingbutunprofitable. B.Creativebutuseless.C.Demandingbutworthwhile. D.Efficientbutcostly.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。介紹印度生態(tài)藝術(shù)家Vishwanath的愛(ài)好和成就?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段前三句“Vishwanath’spassionisparticularlyrelevantinthecurrentage,whereIndiageneratesmoree-wastethanitcanrecycle.From2019to2020,thecountrygeneratedatotalofmorethan1milliontonnesofewaste.Ofthis,only22.7percentwascollected,takenapartandrecycled.(Vishwanath的熱情在當(dāng)今時(shí)代尤為重要，因?yàn)橛《犬a(chǎn)生的電子垃圾比它能回收的還要多。從2019年到2020年，該國(guó)共產(chǎn)生了100多萬(wàn)噸電子垃圾。其中，只有22.7%被收集、拆解和回收。)”可知，本段主要介紹印度電子垃圾的處理現(xiàn)狀十分嚴(yán)重。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Helaterwentontoworkinacompanyasahigh-leveladministratorandretiredtwoyearsago.(他后來(lái)在一家公司擔(dān)任高級(jí)管理人員，并于兩年前退休。)”可知，他退休前是一名企業(yè)高管。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二三句“Theseincludeasix-foottallsculpturemadefromupcycledcomputerkeyboardkeys,andapaintinginspiredbyVincentVanGogh’sTheStarryNight,usingupcycledresistors(電阻器)onwood.Amonghisotherartworksarea42×38inchfigurestatuecreatedfromupcycledkeyboardkeysonasunboardfinishedwithplastics,adeermadeofcolorfulusedwires,plantsandflowersfromcomputerparts,andecojewelleryfromupcycleddigitalwristwatchparts.(其中包括一個(gè)六英尺高的雕塑，由升級(jí)回收的電腦鍵盤制成，以及一幅靈感來(lái)自文森特·梵高的《星夜》的畫(huà)作，該畫(huà)作使用了升級(jí)回收的電阻器。在他的其他作品中，有一個(gè)42×38英寸的人物雕像，用塑料制成的太陽(yáng)板上的鍵盤鍵，用彩色的廢舊電線制成的鹿，用電腦零件制成的植物和花朵，以及用升級(jí)回收的數(shù)字手表零件制成的生態(tài)珠寶。)”可知，一個(gè)六英尺高的雕塑以及一個(gè)42×38英寸的人物雕像的主要材料是回收的電腦鍵盤。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段最后兩句““Itmighttakeweeksandmonthsforsculptures.However,sustainableinitiativesandupcycledartarenowadaysindemandinmultinationalcompaniesoptingforasustainableculture,”hesaid.(“雕塑可能需要幾周甚至幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間。然而，在選擇可持續(xù)文化的跨國(guó)公司中，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的倡議和升級(jí)的藝術(shù)是當(dāng)今的需求，”他說(shuō)。)”可知，創(chuàng)作雕塑品需要時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，但是又有需求?？赏茢喑?，他的工作費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力但是值得。故選C。CMosthealthexpertswouldagreethateatingmeat—especiallyredmeat—inlargequantitiesisn’tgoodforus,ortheplanet.Studiespointtoanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandcancercorrelatingtoourmeat-heavydiets.Meanwhile,manufacturersarebusyproducingincreasinglytastyandmoremeat-likeproductsthatmatchtherealthings—makingtheswitchfromeatinganimalsseemlikeano-brainer.Butarethesefakemeatproductsanyhealthierforus?JinanBanna,adietitianandnutritionprofessorattheUniversityofHawaiisaysthatsomefakemeatproductscanbeconsidered“ultra-processed”foods.“Thatmeanstheygothroughmultipleprocessesandhavealotofaddedingredients(配料),”shesaid.“Analternativeburger,forexample,mighthavequiteabitofsodium(鈉),aswellasadditives.”Someoftheseadditivesareonthemarketforawhilebeforethescientificcommunitydeterminesthemtobeharmful,Bannaadded.“Anytimeyouseealonglistofingredients,including‘naturalflavors’,takeitasawarningsign.Inotherwords,eschewproductswithlengthyingredientlists,”saidSofiaPopov,amicrobiomescientistinCopenhagen.“Whoknowswhat’sactuallyinit?”Perhapsconvenienceisthebestargumentforbuyinganalternativemeatproductyoucansimplycookstraightoutofthebox,butsomehealthexpertssuggestotherplant-basedhealthfuloptionscanbesimple,too.Forexample,onabusyday,Bannasaidshewasabletothrowtogetheratempeh(atraditionalsoyaproduct)dishwhichsheputinalittleoil,vinegarandotherseasonings.“Wedefinitelyobtainnutrientsfromanimal-basedfood—ironandzincandothermineralsaswell.Butitalsocontainsfatandcholesterol,soit’sgoodtocontrolourintake,”saidBanna.“Vegetariansubstitutescanbeverytastysoweshouldn’tshyawayfromthem.”8.Whatisthecommonbeliefonconsumingredmeat?A.Itisbeneficialtoourplanet. B.Itcanstimulatetheeconomy.C.Itshouldbeservedwithvegetables. D.Itmaymakeussufferfromheartdisease.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eschew”inparagraph2mean?A.Avoid. B.Provide. C.Inspect. D.Purchase.10.WhatdoesBannaadvisepeopletodo?A.Takeinmoreminerals. B.Turntoconvenientfoodinstead.C.Seekforplant-basedmeals. D.Choosesomeanimal-basedsubstitutes.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyIsPlant-basedMeatDying? B.AreFakeMeatProductsGoodForYou?C.FakeMeat:Food’sFutureOrAFashion? D.WhatHappenedToThePlant-basedMeat?【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了專家指出一些假肉制品可以被認(rèn)為是“超加工”食品，這種食物對(duì)人體有害。8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Mosthealthexpertswouldagreethateatingmeat—especiallyredmeat—inlargequantitiesisn’tgoodforus,ortheplanet.Studiespointtoanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandcancercorrelatingtoourmeat-heavydiets.(大多數(shù)健康專家都會(huì)同意，大量吃肉——尤其是紅肉——對(duì)我們和地球都沒(méi)有好處。研究指出，患心臟病和癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加與我們偏重肉類的飲食有關(guān))”可知，人們對(duì)食用紅肉的普遍看法可能使我們患心臟病。故選D。【9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Anytimeyouseealonglistofingredients,including‘naturalflavors’,takeitasawarningsign.(當(dāng)你看到一長(zhǎng)串的配料表，包括“天然香料”時(shí)，把它當(dāng)作一個(gè)警告信號(hào))”以及后文“productswithlengthyingredientlists(含有冗長(zhǎng)成分表的產(chǎn)品)”可知，當(dāng)看到一長(zhǎng)串的配料，包括“天然香料”時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該把它當(dāng)作一個(gè)警告信號(hào)。換句話說(shuō)，避開(kāi)配料表冗長(zhǎng)的產(chǎn)品。由此可知，劃線詞意思是“避免”。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Wedefinitelyobtainnutrientsfromanimal-basedfood—ironandzincandothermineralsaswell.Butitalsocontainsfatandcholesterol,soit’sgoodtocontrolourintake,”saidBanna.“Vegetariansubstitutescanbeverytastysoweshouldn’tshyawayfromthem.”(“我們確實(shí)從動(dòng)物性食物中獲取營(yíng)養(yǎng)——鐵、鋅和其他礦物質(zhì)。但它也含有脂肪和膽固醇，所以控制我們的攝入量是有益的，”Banna說(shuō)。“素食替代品非常美味，所以我們不應(yīng)該回避它們?！?”可知，Banna建議我們尋求植物性食物。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Mosthealthexpertswouldagreethateatingmeat—especiallyredmeat—inlargequantitiesisn’tgoodforus,ortheplanet.Studiespointtoanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandcancercorrelatingtoourmeat-heavydiets.Meanwhile,manufacturersarebusyproducingincreasinglytastyandmoremeat-likeproductsthatmatchtherealthings—makingtheswitchfromeatinganimalsseemlikeano-brainer.Butarethesefakemeatproductsanyhealthierforus?(大多數(shù)健康專家都會(huì)同意，大量吃肉——尤其是紅肉——對(duì)我們和地球都沒(méi)有好處。研究指出，患心臟病和癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加與我們偏重肉類的飲食有關(guān)。與此同時(shí)，制造商們正忙著生產(chǎn)越來(lái)越美味的、更像肉類的產(chǎn)品，這些產(chǎn)品與真正的東西相匹配，這使得從食用動(dòng)物轉(zhuǎn)變成一種不需要思考的事情。但是這些假肉制品真的對(duì)我們更健康嗎？)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了專家指出一些假肉制品可以被認(rèn)為是“超加工”食品，這種食物對(duì)人體有害。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“假肉制品對(duì)你有好處嗎？”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DResearchhasfoundthatusingwoodforconstructioninsteadofconcreteandsteelcanreduceemissions.ButTimSearchingeratPrincetonUniversitysaysmanyofthesestudiesarebasedonthefalsefoundationthatharvestingwoodiscarbonneutral(碳中和).“Onlyasmallpercentageofthewoodgetsintoatimber(木料)product,andapartofthatgetsintoatimberproductthatcanreplaceconcreteandsteelinabuilding,”hesays.Efficienciesvaryindifferentcountries,butlargeamountsofaharvestedtreearelefttobedividedintoparts,usedinshort-livedproductslikepaperorburnedforenergy,allofwhichgenerateemissions.InareportfortheWorldResourcesInstitute,Searchingerandhiscolleagueshavemodelledhowusingmorewoodforconstructionwouldaffectemissionsbetween2010and2050,accountingfortheemissionsfromharvestingthewood.Theyconsideredvarioustypesofforestsandpartsofwoodgoingtowardsconstruction.Theyalsofactoredintheemissionssavingsfromreplacingconcreteandsteel.Undersomecircumstances,theresearchersfoundsignificantemissionsreductions.Buteachcaserequiredwhattheyconsideredanunrealisticallyhighportionofthewoodgoingtowardsconstruction,aswellasrapidgrowthonlyseeninwarmerplaces,likeBrazil.Ingeneral,theyfoundalargeincreaseinglobaldemandforwoodwouldprobablyleadtorisingemissionsfordecades.Accountingforemissionsinthisway,theresearchersreportedinarelatedpaperthatincreasingforestharvestsbetween2010and2050wouldaddemissionsequaltoroughly10percentoftotalannualemissions.AliAmiriatAaltoUniversityinFinlandsaysthereport’sconclusionsaboutemissionsfromrisingdemandareprobablycorrect,butthestoryisdifferentforwoodwealreadyharvest.“Boostingtheefficiencyofcurrentharvestsandusingmorewoodforlongerlivedpurposesthanpaperwouldcutemissions,”hesays.“Wecannotjustsayweshouldstopusingwood.”12.WhatiswrongwithpreviousresearchesaccordingtoSearchinger?A.Theygotwrongstatistics. B.Theyusedanincorrectconcept.C.Theyincludedtoomanyfactors. D.Theywereappliedinlimitedcountries.13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theprocessofthenewresearch. B.Thebackgroundofthenewstudy.C.Thechallengeofthenewresearch. D.Theachievementsofthenewstudy.14.Whenwilltheemissionsdropoffgreatlyaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Whenwoodgrowsslowly.B.Whenwoodisusedtomakepaper.C.Whenwoodisusedtobuildahouse.D.WhenwoodisharvestedincountrieslikeBrazil.15.WhatisAliAmiri’sattitudetowardthenewresult?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. C.Critical. D.Objective.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。新的研究表明，用木材建造的建筑可能并不像想象中的那么環(huán)保。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ButTimSearchingeratPrincetonUniversitysaysmanyofthesestudiesarebasedonthefalsefoundationthatharvestingwoodiscarbonneutral(碳中和).(但普林斯頓大學(xué)的TimSearchinger表示，這些研究中的許多都是基于一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的基礎(chǔ)，即采伐木材是碳中和的)”可知，許多這樣的研究都基于一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的概念，即采伐木材就是碳中和。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】主旨大意題。由第二段“InareportfortheWorldResourcesInstitute,Searchingerandhiscolleagueshavemodelledhowusingmorewoodforconstructionwouldaffectemissionsbetween2010and2050,accountingfortheemissionsfromharvestingthewood.Theyconsideredvarioustypesofforestsandpartsofwoodgoingtowardsconstruction.Theyalsofactoredintheemissionssavingsfromreplacingconcreteandsteel.(在世界資源研究所的一份報(bào)告中，Searchinger和他的同事們模擬了2010年至2050年間，使用更多的木材進(jìn)行建筑將如何影響排放，并考慮到了砍伐木材的排放量。他們考慮了各種類型的森林和用于建筑的部分木材。他們還考慮到了更換混凝土和鋼材所節(jié)省的排放量)”可知，第二段主要介紹新研究的過(guò)程。故選A項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Undersomecircumstances,theresearchersfoundsignificantemissionsreductions.Buteachcaserequiredwhattheyconsideredanunrealisticallyhighportionofthewoodgoingtowardsconstruction,aswellasrapidgrowthonlyseeninwarmerplaces,likeBrazil.(在某些情況下，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了顯著的減排。但每一種情況都需要他們認(rèn)為不切實(shí)際的高比例木材用于建筑，以及只有在巴西等溫暖地區(qū)才能看到的快速增長(zhǎng))”可知，用木材建造建筑會(huì)導(dǎo)致碳排放量顯著減少，只是前提條件比較苛刻。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“AliAmiriatAaltoUniversityinFinlandsaysthereport’sconclusionsaboutemissionsfromrisingdemandareprobablycorrect,butthestoryisdifferentforwoodwealreadyharvest.‘Boostingtheefficiencyofcurrentharvestsandusingmorewoodforlongerlivedpurposesthanpaperwouldcutemissions,’hesays.‘Wecannotjustsayweshouldstopusingwood.’(芬蘭阿爾托大學(xué)（AaltoUniversity）的阿里·阿梅里（AliAmiri）說(shuō)，該報(bào)告關(guān)于需求增長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致的排放的結(jié)論可能是正確的，但我們已經(jīng)收獲的木材的情況不同。他說(shuō)，提高當(dāng)前收成的效率并將更多的木材用于比紙張更長(zhǎng)久的用途將減少排放。我們不能只是說(shuō)我們應(yīng)該停止使用木材)”可知，AliAmiri對(duì)此研究結(jié)果有一定的肯定性，但是他又表示我們不能說(shuō)我們就應(yīng)該停止使用木材。故他對(duì)此研究結(jié)果從正反兩方面都進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明，其態(tài)度是客觀公正的。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formost,thefirstthingthatlikelycomestomindwhenthinkingaboutvitaminCiseitheranimageoforangefruitsoritsabilitytokeepyourimmunesystemhealthy.____16____.HerearetheprimarybenefitsofvitaminCwhenappliedtopicallytotheskin.Itprotectsskincellsfromenvironmentaldamage.VitaminC’smainfunctioninskinisthatofapowerfulantioxidant,protectingusfromcelldamagecausedbyfreeradicals(自由基).“____17____,”Dr.Mackexplains,andtheyarehighlyreactive.VitaminCdestroysthesefreeradicalsbydonatingelectrons,preventingthemfromdamagingskin.____18____.VitaminCisalsooneofthegoldstandardsforeveningskintoneandboostingradiance.“VitaminCisawell-knownskinbrightener,preventingmelaninproductionandeventuallyfadingdarkspots,resultinginabetterskintone,”Dr.Mackexplains.Itfirmsskinandpromotescollagen(膠原蛋白)production.Ourskinismadeofcollagenandelastin,whichareproteinsthatgiveitstructureandflexibility.____19____.“DailyapplicationofvitaminChelpstomaintainthecompletenessofthecollagenthatwehave,preventsrapidbreakdownwithageandpromotescollagenproduction,”Dr.Macksays.ItworkswithotherantioxidantsforenhancingUV(紫外線)protection.____20____.AstudyintheJournalofInvestigativeDermatologyshowedthatthecombinationofvitaminCandEnotonlyofferedimprovedstabilityofvitaminsCandE,butalsoimprovedskin’sUVprotection.A.ItbrightensskinB.IthelpslowertheriskofheartdiseaseanddepressionC.VitaminCworkscooperativelywithvitaminEtoreduceUVdamageinskinD.FreeradicalsareproducedbythebodywhenexposedtoradiationinsunlightE.Butthispopularvitaminhasseveralbenefitsforskinwhenappliedtopically,tooF.Freeradicalsarebelievedtoberelatedtoheartdisease,cancerandtheageingprocessG.Asweage,theproductionoftheseproteinsdecreasesandourskinlooksandfeelslessfirm【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.G20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了維生素C對(duì)皮膚的種種好處?！?6題詳解】上文“Formost,thefirstthingthatlikelycomestomindwhenthinkingaboutvitaminCiseitheranimageoforangefruitsoritsabilitytokeepyourimmunesystemhealthy.(對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)想到維生素C時(shí)，首先想到的可能是橙色水果的圖像或它保持免疫系統(tǒng)健康的能力)”提到了維生素C在維持身體免疫系統(tǒng)方面的作用。下文“HerearetheprimarybenefitsofvitaminCwhenappliedtopicallytotheskin.(以下是皮膚使用維生素C的主要好處)”介紹了維生素C對(duì)皮膚的好處。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，E項(xiàng)“Butthispopularvitaminhasseveralbenefitsforskinwhenappliedtopically,too(但是這種受歡迎的維生素在局部使用時(shí)對(duì)皮膚也有一些好處)”承上啟下，引出文章的主題。故選E。【17題詳解】下文“VitaminCdestroysthesefreeradicalsbydonatingelectrons,preventingthemfromdamagingskin.(維生素C通過(guò)提供電子來(lái)破壞這些自由基，防止它們損害皮膚)”介紹了維生素C是通過(guò)提供電子破壞自由基來(lái)保護(hù)皮膚的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)“Freeradicalsareproducedbythebodywhenexposedtoradiationinsunlight(當(dāng)人體暴露在陽(yáng)光輻射下時(shí)，會(huì)產(chǎn)生自由基)”說(shuō)明了自由基對(duì)皮膚的害處?！癴reeradicals”為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D?！?8題詳解】設(shè)空處為中心句。下文““VitaminCisawell-knownskinbrightener,preventingmelaninproductionandeventuallyfadingdarkspots,resultinginabetterskintone,”Dr.Mackexplains.(麥克博士解釋說(shuō)：“維生素C是一種眾所周知的皮膚增亮劑，可以防止黑色素的產(chǎn)生，最終消除黑斑，從而改善膚色?！?”主要說(shuō)維生素C可提亮膚色，減少色素沉著。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A項(xiàng)“Itbrightensskin(它能提亮皮膚)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?9題詳解】上文“Itfirmsskinandpromotescollagen(膠原蛋白)production.(它緊致皮膚，促進(jìn)膠原蛋白的生成)”為本段中心句，介紹維生素C緊致皮膚，促進(jìn)膠原蛋白的生成。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，G項(xiàng)“Asweage,theproductionoftheseproteinsdecreasesandourskinlooksandfeelslessfirm(隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，這些蛋白質(zhì)的產(chǎn)生減少，我們的皮膚看起來(lái)和摸起來(lái)都不那么緊致)”照應(yīng)中心句，說(shuō)明年齡的增長(zhǎng)會(huì)使蛋白質(zhì)減少，影響皮膚。符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?0題詳解】上文“ItworkswithotherantioxidantsforenhancingUV(紫外線)protection.(它與其他抗氧化劑一起增強(qiáng)紫外線保護(hù))”為本段中心句。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)“VitaminCworkscooperativelywithvitaminEtoreduceUVdamageinskin(維生素C與維生素E協(xié)同作用，減少紫外線對(duì)皮膚的傷害)”照應(yīng)中心句，說(shuō)明維生素C與其它維生素協(xié)同的作用。符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Afterobservingafewbigfallsfromatree,theMorganfamilyknewthatthereweretwobabysquirrelsthatneededabitofextra____21____.WhentheMorganssawadeadsquirrelnearby,they____22____thatthesetwosweetheartswerelikelyorphans.FatherKeithandhisdaughterRileytookthe____23____toofferhelp.Theymovedthebabiesintoarabbitcagetobringthembacktohealth.Theybecame____24____familymembers,receivingthenamesChipandDale.Keithdidabitofresearchandthefamily____25____thebabiesPedialyte(電解質(zhì)水)tohelpthem.WhileChip____26____passedawaydespitetheextracare,Daleheldontightly.HerespondedwelltothefoodandcaretheMorgans____27____andsoongotstrongenoughtoleavethecage.Butthensomething____28____happened.Dalethesquirrelkeptcomingback!“Littlebylittlehewouldgoupinatree,climbuptoplay,andthencomebackdowntostaywithus,”Riley____29____.“OK.Ifhewantstostickaround,we’llbuildhima____30____inthetrees.Riley’sabigWhataburger(afastfoodrestaurant)fanandwedecidedto____31____thatdesignintoDale’shome,”saidfatherKeith.OnJuly10,KeithuploadedapictureofthesquirrelhometoaWhataburgergrouponline,andthecontent____32____steam.Overathousandpeoplesharedthe____33____,andthecommentsectionwasfullofdelightandawe.WhileDalehasn’tstoppedhometo____34____inawhile,theMorganfamilyknowshe’souttheremakingthemostofhislife.Daleservesasa(n)____35____thatalittleextracarecanmakeabigdifference!21.A.survival B.rest C.support D.control22.A.responded B.realized C.recalled D.argued23.A.lead B.place C.right D.risk24.A.random B.official C.mature D.active25.A.told B.asked C.bathed D.fed26.A.secretly B.specifically C.unfortunately D.temporarily27.A.required B.obtained C.preferred D.provided28.A.unnecessary B.uncertain C.unexpected D.unavoidable29.A.announced B.observed C.predicted D.admitted30.A.house B.statue C.pond D.circle31.A.persuade B.channel C.stretch D.force32.A.pickedup B.tookon C.madeup D.missedout33.A.claim B.factor C.image D.steam34.A.help B.judge C.hide D.visit35.A.adviser B.warning C.sensor D.reminder【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.D26.C27.D28.C29.B30.A31.B32.A33.C34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。摩根夫婦及女兒萊利救助了小松鼠戴爾并為其建造房屋，并發(fā)布照片在網(wǎng)上從而走紅網(wǎng)絡(luò)，受到人們的尊敬和關(guān)注。他們的故事提醒人們：一點(diǎn)額外的照顧可以帶來(lái)很大的不同！【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在觀察了幾次從樹(shù)上掉下來(lái)的情況后，摩根一家知道有兩只小松鼠需要額外的支持。A.survival幸存；B.rest休息；C.support支持；D.control控制。根據(jù)本句“Afterobservingafewbigfallsfromatree”可知，兩只小松鼠幾次從樹(shù)上掉下來(lái)，他們需要幫助支持。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)摩根夫婦在附近看到一只死松鼠時(shí)，他們意識(shí)到這兩只小松鼠很可能是孤兒。A.responded回應(yīng)；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.recalled回憶；D.argued爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)空后賓語(yǔ)從句“thatthesetwosweetheartswerelikelyorphans”可知，這是他們意識(shí)到的內(nèi)容。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：基思爸爸和他的女兒萊利帶頭提供幫助。A.lead領(lǐng)先的地位，表率；B.place地點(diǎn)；C.right權(quán)利；D.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)下文“Theymovedthebabiesintoarabbitcagetobringthembacktohealth”可知，他們最先采取行動(dòng)。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們成為了正式的家庭成員，取名奇普和戴爾。A.random隨意的；B.official正式的；C.mature成熟的；D.active主動(dòng)的。根據(jù)本句“receivingthenamesChipandDale”可知，他們給兩只松鼠取了名字，所以它們是正式的家庭成員。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：基思做了一些研究，這家人給小松鼠喂了電解質(zhì)水來(lái)幫助他們。A.told告訴；B.asked問(wèn)；C.bathed沐浴；D.fed喂。根據(jù)空后賓語(yǔ)“Pedialyte(電解質(zhì)水)tohelpthem”可知，是給他們喂水。故選D。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管受到了額外的照顧，奇普不幸去世了，但戴爾緊緊地抓住了他。A.secretly秘密地；B.specifically專門地；C.unfortunately不幸地；D.temporarily暫時(shí)地。根據(jù)本句“passedaway”可知，奇普去世，這是不幸的事。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他對(duì)摩根夫婦提供的食物和照顧反應(yīng)良好，很快就強(qiáng)壯到可以離開(kāi)籠子了。A.required需要；B.obtained獲得；C.preferred更喜歡；D.provided提供。根據(jù)空前先行詞“thefoodandcare”可知，這是摩根夫婦提供的食物和照顧。故選D。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是意想不到的事情發(fā)生了。A.unnecessary不必要的；