電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語 課件 -Chapter 9 Wide Area Measurement Protection System

目錄Introduction9.1PhasorMeasurementUnit(PMU)andItsApplication9.2Wide-AreaProtectionSystem9.3Chapter9WideAreaMeasurementProtectionSystemphaser['feiz?]n.移相器；相位器merit['merit].優(yōu)點(diǎn)，價(jià)值nominal['n?min?l]adj.名義上的；近似的aliasing['eili?si?]n.混淆現(xiàn)象；折疊失真recursive[ri'k?:siv]adj.遞歸的；循環(huán)leased[li:st]adj.租用的coarse[k?:s]adj.粗略的；粗糙的；粗俗的；下等的navigational[,n?vi'gei??n?l]adj.導(dǎo)航；航行的，航運(yùn)的furnish['f?:ni?]vt.提供；供應(yīng)；裝備antenna[?n'ten?]n.天線；觸角Selectionisbasedsolelyon().meritdefectharmreputationABCD提交單選題1分algorithm['?lɡ?rie?m]n.算法，運(yùn)算法則rotate[r?u'teit,'r?ut-,'r?uteit]vi.旋轉(zhuǎn)；循環(huán)velocity[vi'l?s?ti]n.速率；迅速；周轉(zhuǎn)率prevailing[pri'veili?,pri:-]adj.一般的，最普通的；盛行很廣的；占優(yōu)勢的；流行的iterative['it?r?tiv,-reit-]adj.迭代的；重復(fù)的，反復(fù)的

skew[skju:]n.斜交；歪斜adj.斜交的；歪斜的validate['v?lideit]vt.確認(rèn)；使生效；證實(shí)matrix['meitriks]n.矩陣；模型dimensionality[di,men??'n?l?ti,dai-]n.維度；幅員trajectory['tr?d?ikt?ri,tr?'d?ek-]n.軌道，軌線；彈道Soweareburningupanenormousamountoffuelateverylaunchjusttogettherocketuptowhat'sknownasescape().lengthvolumevelocityqualityABCD提交單選題1分Analysingtheconsequencesofanypolicymustincorporatehowbadluckmay()theoutcome.favorableskewcorrectivevirtuousABCD提交單選題1分derivatives[di'riv?tivz]n.派生物；引出物；派生詞sabotage['s?b?tɑ:?,,s?b?'tɑ:?]n.蓄意破壞；破壞活動(dòng)shed[?ed]vt.流出；擺脫；散發(fā)spectrum['spektr?m]n.光譜；頻譜fingertip['fi?ɡ?tip]n.指尖；指套robust[r?u'b?st,'r?ub?st]adj.強(qiáng)健的；健康的；粗野的turnkey['t?:nki:]n.成套系統(tǒng)；獄吏Heaccusedtheoppositionofdoingeverythingtheycouldto()theelection.supportpromoteexpeditesabotageABCD提交單選題1分Hewasalwaysthe()one,physicallystrongandmentallysharp.approachableunsounduncourteousrobustABCD提交單選題1分此題未設(shè)置答案，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊右側(cè)設(shè)置按鈕目錄Introduction9.1PhasorMeasurementUnit(PMU)andItsApplication9.2Wide-AreaProtectionSystem9.31Forexample,whenthepowersystemisundergoingelectromechanicaloscillationsduringpowerswings,thewaveformsofvoltagesandcurrentsarenotinsteadystate,andneitheristhefrequencyofthepowersystematitsnominalvalue.例如，當(dāng)電力系統(tǒng)在功率搖擺時(shí)發(fā)生機(jī)電振蕩，電壓和電流的波形不是穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，并且電力系統(tǒng)的頻率也不是正常值。目錄9.Introduction9.19PhasorMeasurementUnit(PMU)andItsApplication9.29Wide-AreaProtectionSystem9.32Itshouldbenotedthatthewaveformissampledbythemeasurementsystemcontinuously,andeachtimeanewsampleisacquired,anewphasorisobtainedwithadatawindowincludingthelatestsample.應(yīng)該指出，由測量系統(tǒng)連續(xù)采樣得到波形，每當(dāng)?shù)玫揭粋€(gè)新的采樣值，就可以從包含這個(gè)最新采樣值的數(shù)據(jù)窗得到一個(gè)新的相位。3Whenseveralvoltagesandcurrentsinapowersystemaremeasuredandconvertedtophasorsinthisfashion,theyareonacommonreferenceiftheyaresampledatpreciselythesameinstant.當(dāng)以這種方式對(duì)電力系統(tǒng)中的電壓和電流進(jìn)行測量及相位轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，如果他們正好在同一時(shí)刻采樣，那么它們就具有共同參考向量。4Fiberopticlinks,whereavailable,couldbeusedtoprovidehighprecisionsynchronizationsignals,ifadedicatedfiberisavailableforthispurpose.光纜線路，可以的話，能用來提供高精度的同步信號(hào)。如果有專用光纖就能達(dá)到這個(gè)目的。5Themicroprocessordeterminesthepositivesequencephasorsaccordingtotherecursivealgorithmdescribedpreviously,andthetimingmessagefromtheGPS,alongwiththesamplenumberatthebeginningofawindow,isassignedtothephasorasitsidentifyingtag.微處理器根據(jù)前面所述的遞歸算法決定正序相位，并把GPS發(fā)出的時(shí)間信息和從一個(gè)時(shí)間窗口開始的采樣次數(shù)賦給相位作為識(shí)別標(biāo)記。6Thestate(vector)isacollectionofallthepositivesequencevoltagephasorsofthenetwork,and,fromthetimethefirstmeasurementistakentothetimewhenthestateestimateisavailable,severalsecondsorminutesmayhaveelapsed.狀態(tài)（矢量）是一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的所有正序電壓相量的集合，從第一次測量到能進(jìn)行狀態(tài)估計(jì)時(shí)，幾秒鐘或幾分鐘可能已經(jīng)過去了。7Oneofthemostobviousapplicationsoftheinstabilitypredictiontechniqueistoprovideanimprovedadaptiveout-of-stepprotectionfunction,whichadaptstochangingpowersystemconditions.不穩(wěn)定預(yù)測技術(shù)最明顯的的應(yīng)用之一是提供一種改進(jìn)的自適應(yīng)失步保護(hù)功能，這與不斷變化的電力系統(tǒng)狀況相適應(yīng)。

8MaximumbenefitfromavailablehardwarethathavepasseddifferentkindsofEMCandenvironmentaltests,aswellassoftwarefunctionsavailablefromotherprotectionterminals,hastobemade.（我們）可以從通過了各種電磁兼容和環(huán)境測試的硬件及安裝在其他保護(hù)終端上的軟件上獲得最大的效益。目錄Introduction9.1PhasorMeasurementUnit(PMU)andItsApplication9.2Wide-AreaProtectionSystem9.39Ifthecommunicationispartiallyortotallylost,actionscanstillbetakenbasedonlocalcriteria.Differentloadsheddingstepsthattakethepowersystemresponseintoaccount,inordernottoovershed,caneasilybedesigned.如果通訊部分或完全喪失，仍可根據(jù)局部標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行操作。為了不至于過度切負(fù)荷，考慮到電力系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)可以容易地設(shè)計(jì)不同的甩負(fù)荷步驟。10Themeaningofwide-areap