2024版新教材高考英語(yǔ)全程一輪總復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)12Unit3Conservation北師大版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

課時(shí)作業(yè)(十二)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)UNIT3CONSERVATIONⅠ.閱讀理解A[2023·廣東六校聯(lián)盟第二次聯(lián)考]Ienjoythrowingstuffaway.I'dlovetogofullminimalism(簡(jiǎn)約風(fēng)格),butmywifeandtwoteenagekidsdonotsharemydreamofahousewithalmostnothinginit.Ihavetried.Whenthekidswerelittle,Itaughtthemmytwofavoritegames—“DoWeNeedIt？”and“PutItinItsPlace”—andmadethemplayeveryfewmonths.Theirenthusiasmnevermatchedmine.IfI'mgoingtobehonest,myowntidyingskillsarenotasgreatasI'dlike.My“discarded”pileisneverquitethetrashmountainIwantbecauseImakeupexcusesforwhythingsareuseful.Iconsiderthisunhealthy.Iwanttobebetteratmovingon.So,thistimeIfindhelp—theclassicsforpeoplelikeme:TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,byMarieKondo.Kondo'scommitmenttohercraftisastonishing.Herphilosophyisonlytokeepthingsyoulove.CanIgofullKondo?Iwilltry.Onecentralideaistocleanbycategory.Youstartbycollectingallclothesandgatheringthemtogetherforconsideration.Itmakesyourethinkhowyouorganize.Next,holdeachitemandaskifitbringsyoujoy.Thiswayyou'rechoosingwhattokeep.Andthat'showIfindmyselfwithallmyclothesonmybedroomfloor.MywifewalksbyandgivesmealookthatsaysI'manut.She'sprobablynotwrong.Somewherenearthebottomofthischaosismyspecialjacket.Imovethroughthepile:pants,shirts,suitsandshoes.Thenmylastcategory:jackets.Ihaven'twornthethinginabout30years.Somehow,ithassurvived.NowthatI'mstrivingtofollowKondo—surely,itstimehascome?Iholditinmyhand.ThereisatearjustbelowthecollarthatwidensasIholdit.It'sliterallyfallingapart.WillIeverwearitagain?Notachance.Doesitfeelgoodtowear?Doesitbringmejoy?Actually,yes.Atthismoment,mydaughterwalksin.Sheasksaboutthejacket.Itellherthestory.ShethinksIshouldkeepit.It'scoolanduniqueandfullofmemories.Sheisarguingthatnostalgia(懷舊)istheveryreason.I'mnotentirelyconvincedbymydaughter'sarguments.Ibelieveinlookingahead,notbackward.Nevertheless,sometimesit'shardtoletgo.SoIgentlyplacethejacketonthe“keep”pile.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”probablymeaninParagraph2?A．Adjusted. B．Reserved.C．Abandoned. D．Tidied.2．WhatdrivestheauthortoreadTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp?A．Tolearnhowtocategorizestuff.B．Toimprovehistidyingskills.C．Topersuadehisfamilymembers.D．Todeveloppassionforminimalism.3．Whatistheattitudeoftheauthor'sfamilymemberstowardminimalism?A．Theydon'tunderstandit.B．Theycompletelysupportit.C．Theyarestronglyopposedtoit.D．Theyarelesspassionateaboutit.4．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．KnowingWhentoLetGoB．ClassifyingWhatYouLoveC．ThrowingWorn-outClothesD．KeepingValuablePossessionsB[2023·廣東省六校第一次聯(lián)考]EveryyearthousandsofpeoplecometothecityofPamplona,innorth-easternSpain,fortheopportunitytorunfortheirlivesassixfightingbullsarereleasedtochargethroughthetown.Thereareinjuriesanddeathseveryyear,buttheeventisofinteresttomanypeople.ApaperjustpublishedinSciencedescribestheinsighttheeventoffersintothepsychologyofpanickedcrowds.Thatisausefultopictoexplore.Architects,civilengineersandurbanplannersmusttrytoworkouthowpeoplewillbehaveintheeventofadisasterlikeafire,afloodoraterroristattacksotheycandesigntheircreationstoavoidpotentiallydeadlycollisions(碰撞).Unfortunately,solidinformationishardtocomeby.DanielParisi,thepaper'sleadauthor,realizedthatthePamplonabullrunningofferedtheperfectnaturalexperiment.DrParisiandhisteamwenttotwodifferentrooftoplocationsinPamplonainJuly2019,andfilmedtherunnersastheanimalswerereleased.Laterinthelab,theycalculatedthespeedoftherunners,thedensity(密度)ofthecrowd,theprobabilityofarunnertrippingandfallingandtherelationshipbetweenrunner-groupdensityandspeed.Perhapsunsurprisingly,theresearchersfoundthatrunnerspickedupspeedwhenthebullsdrewnear.Lessexpectedwasthefindingthatthespeedofindividualrunnersincreasedwiththedensityofthecrowd,whichwascontrarytoalong-heldassumptioninarchitecturalandurban-designcirclesthatpeoplewillslowtheirpaceasgroupdensitygoesup,inordertolowertheriskofacollision,whichcouldleadtoafalland,perhaps,injuryordeath.Yetitseemsthat,intheheatofthemoment,peoplepaylittleattentiontothedangerofcollidingwitheachother,anddonotslowdown.Theresponsibilitythereforefallsuponurbandesignerstoworkouthowbesttoplantheconstructionoffuturetunnels,bridgesandotherpassagesthatrestrictflow.Theonlyoptionmaywellbetomakethembroadenough.5．WhatdidDrParisiandhisteamdoinPamplona?A．Theyrecordedbullrunning.B．Theyprovedtheirtheory.C．Theywatchedathrillingbullfight.D．Theydesignedapsychologicalexperiment.6．Whatwastheunexpectedfindinginthestudy?A．Peoplesloweddownincrowdedareas.B．Collisionsposedadangertobull-runners.C．Bullscomingnearmadepeoplerunfaster.D．Peopletendedtospeedupinhigh-densitycrowds.7．Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A．Peoplelosetheirmindindisasters.B．Futuretunnelsandbridgesmaybewider.C．Panickedcrowdsareawareofthedangerofcollisions.D．Restrictingflowhelpstopreventpeoplecollidingwitheachother.8．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtheCrowdsReacttoPanicB．BullRunningCatchesoninSpainC．DrParisi'sFindingShockstheWorldD.WhatArchitectsCanLearnfromBullRunning[答題區(qū)]題號(hào)12345678答案Ⅱ.閱讀七選五[2023·安徽五校聯(lián)盟第二次質(zhì)檢]SomepeoplelovethetraditionofsettingagoaloneachJan.1st.__1__ButthereisactuallyalogictojoiningtheNewYear'sresolutiontrend.Ifyouwanttoincreaseyourchancesofstickingtoyour2022NewYear'sresolution,behavioralscientistshavediscoveredafewtechniquesthatcanhelp.·Makeitmeasurable.Anunclear,ill-definedtarget,suchas“getfitter”，isareasonforafailedresolution.Toincreaseyourchancesofsuccess,askyourselfwhatyouconsider“fitter”andhowyoucanachievethis.Abettersolutionmightbe“run5kminXminutes”.__2__Specificgoalsallowyoutotrackprogress,whichinturncanmotivateyou.·Makeitfun.Ifyougetpleasurefromyourworkoutsorstudysessions,researchhasfoundyou'llcarryonlonger.__3__Consider,forexample,onlylettingyourselfdrinkamochalatteduringstudysessions.Thenthereisanattractiontogetyoutothelibrary.·__4__Ensuringyou'llfacesomepunishmentifyoudon'tachieveyourNewYear'sresolutioncanworkwonders.Oneeasywaytodothisisbytellingafewpeopleaboutyourgoalsoyou'llfeelashamediftheycheckbacklaterandfindyouhaven'tfollowedthrough.·Getalittlehelpfromyourfriends.Spendingtimearoundhighachieverscanpromoteyourownperformance.Ifyourresolutionistorunamarathon,you'dbewisetostarthangingaroundwithfriendswho'vemadeittothefinishinglineandcanshowyouhowit'sdone.__5__Becauseyou'lltendtolearntheirpatternsofbehavior.A．Considerapunishment.B．Figureoutyourresolutionlist.C．You'reextramotivatedtosetyourgoals.D．You'llpickupabitjustbyspendingtimetogether.E．Youcouldevenadddeadlinesforreachingcertainimportantstages.F．Othersargueit'sawasteoftimesincemostresolutionsfailbymid-March.G．Onewaytomakegoingforagoalmorefunistocombineitwithapleasure.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空[2023·南京市高三年級(jí)學(xué)情調(diào)研]ItwastheDragonBoatFestival.Shinywhitetentslinedthewaterfront,1.________(provide)shadeandrefreshmentsfordragonboatpaddlers(槳手)fromalloverCalifornia,2.________gatheredaroundtheCastaicLakeforafestivecompetition.Gigglingkidsracedcheerfullyalongthelakesidebeach,3.________theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareasunderthetreesalongtheshore.“It'sagreatdayout，”saidPaulLin,co-founderofCastaic'sownDragonEyesteam.DragonboatracinghasbeengoingonforthousandsofyearsinChina,4.________(initial)inhonoroftheChinesewaterordragondeity(神)inanefforttocalldownrain5.________avoidmisfortuneanddisaster.Intherace,adrummer6.________(use)alargetraditionalwoodendrumtokeepthepaddlersonthebeat,whileasteersmaninthebackkeepsthemintheirlane.Linsaidafriendgothim7.________(involve)indragonboatracingoveradecadeago.In2018，they8.________(decide)tohosttheirownfestival.“There'ssomethingreallyspecialtobelearnedfromourdragonboatmotto:OneBoat,OneBeat，”hesaid.“Paddlerscomefromallwalksoflifeandthatkindof9.________(close)withpeopleisnowhereelsetobeseen.”“Wereallywanttohelpexpandawarenessandgrowthesport，”Linsaid.“We'rehopingonedayit'llbecome10.________Olympicsport.”[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________課時(shí)作業(yè)(十二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語(yǔ)篇類型：記敘文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自我——生活與學(xué)習(xí)——極簡(jiǎn)主義者的難題【語(yǔ)篇解讀】作者喜歡極簡(jiǎn)主義風(fēng)格。為了提高整理技巧，作者去讀了TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp一書。但是在整理過程中作者遇到了讓自己難以取舍的物品——夾克衫，最終作者決定將它放在“保留”堆里。1．答案與解析：C理解詞匯。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“IfI'mgoingto...asI'dlike”可知，作者承認(rèn)自己的整理技巧不是很好；再結(jié)合畫線詞后的內(nèi)容可知，畫線詞意為“丟棄的”。故選C。2．答案與解析：B理解具體信息。明題意：本題問的是“是什么促使作者讀了TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp一書？”→尋線索：根據(jù)第二段中的“Iwanttobebetteratmovingon”和第三段中的“So,thistime...keepthingsyoulove”可知，提高作者的整理技巧是作者讀這本書的原因；→定答案：A項(xiàng)“為了學(xué)習(xí)如何給東西分類”；B項(xiàng)“為了提高他的整理技巧”；C項(xiàng)“為了說服他的家人”；D項(xiàng)“為了激發(fā)對(duì)簡(jiǎn)約風(fēng)格的熱情”。故B項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：D推斷。通讀第一段可知，雖然作者喜歡扔掉東西，喜歡簡(jiǎn)約風(fēng)格，但作者的妻子和兩個(gè)孩子卻不怎么喜歡這樣的風(fēng)格。由此可推知，他們對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)約風(fēng)格的熱情比不上作者。故選D。4．答案與解析：A理解文章主旨要義。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段中的“Ibelievein...the‘keep’pile”可知，作者一直堅(jiān)持極簡(jiǎn)主義風(fēng)格，但是在整理過程中也遇到了讓自己難以取舍的物品，所以本文圍繞“在收納過程中知道什么時(shí)候放手”的主題展開。故A項(xiàng)最適合作文章標(biāo)題。B語(yǔ)篇類型：說明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——研究奔牛節(jié)活動(dòng)中恐慌人群的心理【語(yǔ)篇解讀】DanielParisi將西班牙潘普洛納的奔牛節(jié)活動(dòng)當(dāng)作自然實(shí)驗(yàn)場(chǎng)景，觀察人們?cè)谖ｋU(xiǎn)中是如何表現(xiàn)的，以啟示建筑設(shè)計(jì)師。5．答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)第三段中的“DrParisiandhisteam...theanimalswerereleased”可知，2019年7月，Parisi博士和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)前往潘普洛納的兩個(gè)不同的屋頂?shù)攸c(diǎn)，拍攝了動(dòng)物被放生時(shí)的跑步者。由此可知，Parisi博士和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)記錄了奔牛活動(dòng)，故選A項(xiàng)。6．答案與解析：D理解具體信息。根據(jù)第四段中的“Lessexpectedwasthefindingthatthespeedofindividualrunnersincreasedwiththedensityofthecrowd”可知，令人想不到的是，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，跑步者的速度隨著人群密度的增加而增加。由此可知，研究中讓人意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)是在高密度人群中，人們往往會(huì)加速，故選D項(xiàng)。7．答案與解析：B推斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theresponsibilitytherefore...makethembroadenough”可知，城市設(shè)計(jì)師的責(zé)任在于研究如何最好地規(guī)劃未來(lái)隧道、橋梁和其他限制流量的通道的建設(shè)，唯一的選擇可能是使它們變得足夠?qū)?。由此可推知，未?lái)的隧道和橋梁很可能會(huì)更寬，故選B項(xiàng)。8．答案與解析：D理解文章主旨要義。瀏覽全文，尤其是文章第一段和最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，本文通過奔牛節(jié)活動(dòng)來(lái)引出話題，并將此作為觀察人們?cè)谖ｋU(xiǎn)中如何表現(xiàn)的自然實(shí)驗(yàn)場(chǎng)景，以便在城市建筑設(shè)計(jì)師規(guī)劃未來(lái)隧道、橋梁和其他限制流量的通道時(shí)給出啟示。故本文的最佳標(biāo)題是D項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關(guān)于制訂新年計(jì)劃的幾條建議。1．答案與解析：F根據(jù)But可知，空處與下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，下文指出制訂新年計(jì)劃是有理可循的，且F項(xiàng)中的Others與上文中的Somepeople相呼應(yīng)。2．答案與解析：E根據(jù)上句“Abettersoluti