2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省無(wú)錫市第三高級(jí)中學(xué)高一年級(jí)上冊(cè)期中試卷英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高一英語(yǔ)期中試卷

第一卷（共95分）

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),

并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一

小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.HowmuchwastheTVsell?

A.$60.B.$120.C.$90.

2.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Tomwastalkingwiththepostman.

B.Tomwasrunningaroundthecorner.

C.Tomwashelpingthepostmanwithhiswork.

3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Buyafan.B.Useelectricity.C.Coolhimselfdown.

4.WhydidthebosscriticizeJoseph?

A.Hewaslateforwork.B.Hequarreledwiththemanspeaker.C.Hecriticizedthemanspeakertoo

seriously.

5.WhoisFiona?

A.Thewomanspeaker.B.Thompson?ssister.C.Daisy'ssister

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，

每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至8題。

6.Whatwastheweatherlikelastweek?

A.Toowarm.B.Niceandsunny.C.Neitherhotnorcold.

7.Whatseasonisitnow?

A.Summer.B.Winter.C.Autumn.

8.Whatdoesthemanthinktheweatherwillbelikethisweekend?

A.Hethinksifllrain.B.Hethinksifllbecloudy.C.Hedoesn'tthinkitUlrain.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9至11題。

9.Whatcanweknowaboutthesinginggroup?

A.It'smadeupof15girls.

B.Itpracticesonceeveryotherweek.

C.Everymembercomesontimeforeachpractice.

10.Whatisthesinginggroupdoingthesedays?

A.Writinganewsong.B.Practicingeightsongs.C.Practicingforaschoolshow.

11.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewsong?

A.ItsnameisSundays.B.It'swrittenbyafamousmusician.C.It'swrittenbyasingerofthe

group.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12至14題。

12.Whatisthefatherreadingatthebeginningoftheconversation?

A.Anovel.B.Anewspaper.C.Amagazine.

13.Whatkindofbookdoesthegirlwanttoread?

A.Abookondolls.B.Abookaboutanimals.C.Abookaboutcandyandcookies.

14.Whatdoesthegirfsteachersayaboutreading?

A.Thegirlshouldreadbookseveryday.

B.Thegirlcanborrowbooksfromthelibrary.

C.Thegirlshouldreadatleasttenbooksanight.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15至17題。

15.Wherearetheyplanningtogointhemorning?

A.Toazoo.B.Toanartmuseum.C.lbtheseashore.

16.WhydoesthewomanwanttogoshoppingInstead?

A.Tobuysomeclothes.B.Tomeetherfriendthere.C.Tobuyagiftforherfriend.

17.Whataretheytalkingabout?

A.Acityguide.B.Ashoppingcenter.C.Atravelplan.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Howyoudecidewhattobuyinasupermarket.

B.Howasupermarketmakespeoplespendmore.

C.Whodecideshowmuchtospendinasupermarket.

19.Whydoesthefoodthateverybodymustbuyspreadalloverthestore?

A.Toprovideagoodservice.

B.Toleadcustomerstoallsectionsofthestore.

C.Tomakeiteasyforcustomerstolocatethefood.

20.Howmuchdopeoplespendaftertheyhavebeeninastorefor30minutes?

A.1,500centsintotal.B.40centseachminute.C.Fivedollarseachminute.

第二部分閱讀理解50分（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題，每題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在

答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

WELCOME

WelcometoWindsorCastle,theoldestandlargestoccupiedcastleintheworld.Windsorisoneoftheofficial

residences（住所）oftheQueen,whosometimesstayshere.

Audiotours

Freeaudiotoursareavailable（可用的）onleavingtheAdmissionCentreatthestartofyourvisit.Thereisa

descriptiveaudiotourforblindandpoor-sightedvisitors.

Guidedtours

VisitorscanexplorethehistoryoftheCastlethroughatourofthePrecinctswithanexpertguide.Toursdepartat

regularintervals（間隙）throughoutthedayfromtheCourtyardandfinishattheentrancetotheStateApartments.

Visitorswithchildren

Forthosevisitingwithchildren,aspecialfamilytourandvariousactivitiesareofferedduringschoolholidays

andatweekends.PleasenotepermitsintheStateApartments.However,babycarriersareavailabletoborrow.

StGeorge'sChapel

VisitorsarrivingattheCastleafter15:00fromMarchtoOctoberareadvisedtovisitStGeorge'sChapelfirst

beforeitcloses.

Shopping

ShopsofferawiderangeofsouvenirsdesignedfortheRoyalCollection,includingbooks,postcards,china,

jewellery,andchildren'stoys.PleaseaskattheMiddleWardshopaboutourhomedeliveryservice.

Refreshments（食物和飲料）

BottledwatercanbepurchasedfromtheCourtyardandMiddleWardshops.FromApriltoSeptembericecream

isalsoavailable,VisitorswishingtoleavetheCastleforrefreshmentsinthetownmaygetre-entrypermitsfromthe

castleshops.EatinganddrinkingarenotpermittedintheStateApartmentsorStGeorge'sChapel.

Photographyandmobilephones

Non-commercialphotographyandfilmingarewelcomedintheCastle.Photography,videorecordingand

filmingarenotpermittedinsidetheStateApartmentsorStGeorge'sChapel.Mobilephonemustbeswitchedoff

insidetheStateApartmentsandStGeorge'sChapelinconsiderationofothervisitors.

Security

AsWinterCastleisaworkingroyalpalace,visitorsandtheirbelongingsshouldgetthroughairportstylesecurity

checks.Forsafetyandsecurityreasons,aone-waysystemoperatesalongthevisitorroute.

1.Whatisspeciallyofferedtovisitorswithkids?

A.Asecurityguard.B.Ababycarrier.C.Afreetoy.D.Apushchair.

2.Whyarevisitorsrequiredtoturnofftheirmobilephones?

A.ToensurethesafetyoftheQueen.B.ToensurethesecurityoftheCastle.

C.Topreventthemfromdisturbingothers.D.Topreventtheuseofthebuilt-incameras.

3.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?

A.Astorybook.B.Adictionary.C.Atravelguide.D.Asciencereport.

【答案】LB2.C3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章講述參觀WinterCastle的一些事項(xiàng)的說(shuō)明。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Visitorswithchildren中的"However,babycarriersareavailabletoborrow」不過(guò)，你可以借

到嬰兒背帶。）”可知帶孩子的游客可以借到嬰兒背帶。故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Photographyandmobilephones中的MobilephonemustbeswitchedoffinsideIheState

ApartmentsandStGeorge'sChapelinconsiderationofothervisitors.（考慮到其他游客，國(guó)家公寓和圣喬治教堂

內(nèi)的手機(jī)必須關(guān)閉。）”可知關(guān)掉手機(jī)是怕影響其他游客，故選C。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講述參觀WinterCastle的一些事項(xiàng)的說(shuō)明，所以這篇文章最有可能摘自

旅游指南，故選C。

B

Physicaleducation,orPE,isn'trequiredforallhighschoolstudents.Insomeschools,itisn'tofferedforsome

differentreasons.Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.

Todaymanypeopledon'tdosports.Butasisknowntoall.doingsportsisveryimportantforanadult.Teaching

teenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplace

asanadult.

Highschoolisn5tthateasy.Manystudentsareunderalotofstress.Stresscanbeharmfultoastudent'sstudies

andlife.Doingsportscanhelpthemdealwithstressbetter,helpingthemliveahappierlifeatschool.

TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysthat10millionkidsandteenssufferfromobesity（月巴胖）.Teensshouldget

60minutesofphysicalactivityperdaytocontroltheirweightandtohelptheirbonesgetstronger.Theincreasein

activitiesthatdon'tgetteenstomovearoundsuchascomputergames,meansmanyteensdon'tgettheirrequired

exercise.PEclassesactasapublichealthmeasure（措施）toencouragephysicalactivitiesandhelpteenshavehealthy

weights.

Notdoingsportsincreasesteens'hazardofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayof

protectionfromthesehealthproblems.Asmuchas75percentofhealth-carespendinggoestowardtreatingmedical

conditionsthatcanbepreventedbylifestylechanges,accordingtotheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicine.

AccordingtothePresident'sCouncilonFitness,SportsandNutrition（PCFSN）,studentswhoperformedfive

hoursofphysicalactivitieseachweekimprovedtheiracademic（學(xué)業(yè)的）performance.Studentsfromprogramswith

nophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogave

upsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.

4.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdoesphysicaleducationinhighschoolmean?

A.Makingteensattachimportancetoexerciselater.

B.Removingthestressfacedbyteensatschool.

C.Gettingteenstoencourageadultstoexercise.

D.Helpingteenslearntomakegoodplans

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazard“inParagraph5mean?

A.Happiness.B.Risk.C.Safety.D.Sadness.

6.AccordingtothePCFSN,doingsport.

A.meansmakingstudentschoosebetweensportsandstudies

B.helpsstudentsmakegooduseofalltheirtime

C.meansstudentsadjusttotheirstudiesbetter

D.helpsstudentsdobetterintheirstudies

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Whyhighschoolstudentsshouldreceivephysicaleducation.

B.Whysomeschoolsconsiderphysicaleducationimportant.

C.Howschoolscanhelpstudentslovedoingsports.

D.Howhighschoolstudentscanliveabetterlife.

【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了為什么高中生應(yīng)該接受體育教育。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcan

helpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.（現(xiàn)在教導(dǎo)青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身計(jì)劃，

可以幫助青少年成年后，把鍛煉放在首位）”可知，根據(jù)第二段，高中體育教育意味著讓青少年重視以后的

鍛煉。故選A。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.（積

極的生活方式是預(yù)防這些健康問(wèn)題的好方法）”可知，如果不運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)增加青少年患多種疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此

hazard意思是：危險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimefor

classroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysical

education.（不參加體育活動(dòng)的學(xué)生，把額外的時(shí)間用于課堂學(xué)習(xí)，在考試中的表現(xiàn)并不比那些為了支持體

育而放棄一些學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間的學(xué)生好。）”可推斷出，PCFSN認(rèn)為，做運(yùn)動(dòng)幫助學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)上做得更好。故選D。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。第一段uButshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainlyt4yes,\（

是中學(xué)生應(yīng)該接受體育教育嗎?答案當(dāng)然是肯定的）”是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要

講了為什么高中生應(yīng)該接受體育教育。故選A。

C

Itseemsasifsocialmediaplatformshavetakenoverourlives.Accordingtoastudy,therewereover3.6billion

socialmediausersin2021.Andthatnumberisonlyexpectedtogrow.

Althoughsocialmediaplatformshavehelpedtokeepfriendsandfamilyconnected,thereisalsoadarksideto

socialmedia.Toputitsimply,itisamoneymakingmachine.Thisispartiallybecauseofsocialmediainfluencers.A

socialmediainfluencerissomeone“whocanshapeaudience'sattitudesthroughblogs,tweets,andtheuseofother

socialmedia^^.Youmaybeaskingyourself,“Whywouldtheywanttodothis,though?^^Theanswerissimple:to

makemoney.Socialmediainfluencersmakemoneybypromotingbrandsamongtheirfollowers.Infact,influencer

marketingissoprofitablethatthestudyreportedthattheindustryisexpectedtoreach$15billioninvaluein2022.

Socialmediainfluencersarenowbeingcalledoutbecausesomeoftheiractionshavestartedtonegatively

impacttheenvironment.Onemaninparticular,whogoesbyStevetoremainanonymous（匿名的）,noticedthatsome

onlineinfluencersfailedtofollowruleswhentheywenttonationalparksorpublicplaces.Thisincludedthingslike

leavinggarbagebehind,orusingdrones（無(wú)人機(jī)）totakepicturesfromthesky.

Becauseofthis,Stevemadeithismissiontostopsocialmediainfluencersfromhurtingtheenvironmentwith

theirbadbehaviorinordertogetthe"perfectshot”.In2018,hemadetheaccount“PublicLandsHateYou"toname

andshameinfluencerswhofailedtofollowtherulesmadetoprotecttheenvironment.Theaccountnowhasover85

thousandfollowers.

Hehopedthatitcouldhelpsomeinfluencersfindthelightandrighttheirwrongs.Stevesaid,“Ifeverybody

thoughtjustalittlebitmoreabouttheirsmallactionsandtheimpactthoseactionshaveontheenvironmentandthe

peoplearoundthem,Ithinkthatalotofourbiggerproblemswouldbemuchmoreeasilysolved.”

8.Whatfeatureofsocialmediainfluencersismainlyshowninparagraph2?

A.Goodcommunication.B.Chasingprofits.

C.Creativeshows.D.Volunteeringservice.

9.Howdoesthewriterpresenthisideainparagraph3?

A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byofferingdata.

CBymakingcomparisons.D.Byexplainingreasons.

10.Whywas“PublicLandsHateYou”made?

A.Towinwideattentionandattractmorefans.

B.Togettheinfluencersawareoftheirwrongdeeds.

C.Tomakepublicplacesinaccessibletoinfluencers.

D.Toinfonntheinfluencersoftheplacesforperfectshots.

11.WhatisimpliedfromSteve5swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Wellbegunishalfdone.B.Practicemakesperfect.

C.Everybitofeffortcounts.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講述了社交媒體的陰暗面。社交媒體影響者通過(guò)在粉絲中推廣品牌來(lái)賺錢(qián)。

社交媒體上的影響者現(xiàn)在被點(diǎn)名，因?yàn)樗麄兊囊恍┬袨橐呀?jīng)開(kāi)始對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。一位化名史蒂夫

（Steve）的匿名人士在2018年，他創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)名為“公共土地恨你”的賬號(hào)，點(diǎn)名批評(píng)那些不遵守環(huán)境保護(hù)

規(guī)則的網(wǎng)紅。他希望這能幫助一些有影響力的人找到光明，糾正他們的錯(cuò)誤。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Socialmediainfluencersmakemoneybypromotingbrandsamongtheirfollowers.In

fact,influencermarketingissoprofitablethatthestudyreportedthattheindustryisexpectedtoreach$15billionin

valuein2022.”（雖然社交媒體平臺(tái)有助于保持朋友和家人之間的聯(lián)系，但社交媒體也有其陰暗面。簡(jiǎn)單地

說(shuō)，它是一個(gè)賺錢(qián)的機(jī)器。這部分是因?yàn)樯缃幻襟w上的影響者。社交媒體影響者是指“可以通過(guò)博客、推特

和其他社交媒體的使用來(lái)影響受眾態(tài)度的人"。你可能會(huì)問(wèn)自己:“他們?yōu)槭裁匆@么做呢?”答案很簡(jiǎn)單:賺錢(qián)。

社交媒體影響者通過(guò)在粉絲中推廣品牌來(lái)賺錢(qián)。事實(shí)上，影響者營(yíng)銷非常有利可圖，該研究報(bào)告稱，該行

業(yè)的價(jià)值有望在2022年達(dá)到150億美元。）可知，第二段主要展示了社交媒體影響者追逐利潤(rùn)的特點(diǎn)。故

選Bo

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段aSocialmediainfluencersarenowbeingcalledoutbecausesomeoftheiractionshave

startedtonegativelyimpacttheenvironment.Onemaninparticular,whogoesbyStevetoremainanonymous（匿名

的）,noticedthatsomeonlineinfluencersfailedtofollowruleswhentheywentlonationalparksorpublicplaces.

Thisincludedthingslikeleavinggarbagebehind,orusingdrones（無(wú)人機(jī)）totakepicturesfromthesky.”（社交媒

體上的影響者現(xiàn)在被點(diǎn)名，因?yàn)樗麄兊囊恍┬袨橐呀?jīng)開(kāi)始對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。尤其是一位化名史蒂夫

（Steve）的匿名人士,他注意到一些有影響力的網(wǎng)友在去國(guó)家公園或公共場(chǎng)所時(shí)不遵守規(guī)則。這包括留下垃圾,

或使用無(wú)人機(jī)從空中拍照。）可知，作者在第三段通過(guò)舉例來(lái)提出他的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"In2018,hemadetheaccount"PublicLandsHateYou'tonameandshameinfluencers

whofailedtofollowtherulesmadetoprotecttheenvironment.Theaccountnowhasover85thousandfollowers.n

（2018年，他創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)名為“公共土地恨你”的賬號(hào)，點(diǎn)名批評(píng)那些不遵守環(huán)境保護(hù)規(guī)則的網(wǎng)紅。這個(gè)

賬號(hào)現(xiàn)在有超過(guò)8.5萬(wàn)名粉絲。）可知，寫(xiě)“公共土地恨你”為了讓那些有影響力的人意識(shí)到他們的錯(cuò)誤行

為。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Stevesaid,'Ifeverybodythoughtjustalittlebitmoreabouttheirsmallactionsand

theimpactthoseactionshaveontheenvironmentandthepeoplearoundthem,Ithinkthatalotofourbigger

problemswouldbemuchmoreeasilysolved.'"（他希望這能幫助一些有影響力的人找到光明，糾正他們的錯(cuò)

誤。史蒂夫說(shuō):“如果每個(gè)人都多考慮一下自己的小行為，以及這些行為對(duì)環(huán)境和周?chē)说挠绊懀艺J(rèn)為很多

更大的問(wèn)題就會(huì)更容易解決。）可知，Steve在最后一段的話中暗示了每一點(diǎn)努力都很重要。故選C。

D

“Wearerunningoutofspaceandtheonlyplacestogotoareotherworlds....Spreadingoutmaybetheonlything

thatsavesusfromourselves.IamconvincedthathumansneedtoleaveEarth."Thesearethewordsofthefamous

scientistStephenHawking,spokenatasciencefestivalinNorwayin2017,ayearbeforehisdeath.

Hawkingwasnotaloneinthisview.Manyexpertsfeelthattheonlywayforhumanitytolastfarintothefuture

istocolonize（移民）otherplanets.Thatwayifanasteroid（小行星）,aterribledisease,nuclearwar,orsome

otherdisasterstrikesEarth,civilizationwouldstillhaveachance.Marsisoneoftheidealdestinations.NASA,

SpaceX,andMarsOneallhaveplanstosendhumansthere.''EitherwespreadEarthtootherplanets,orweriskgoing

extinct,SpaceXfounderElonMusksaidataconferencein2013.

ButnoteveryoneagreesthatcolonizingMarsoranyotherplanetissuchagreatplan.Themostcommon

argumentagainstgoingisthatifsjusttooexpensiveordangerous.Itwilltakehugeamountsofmoneyandother

resourcesjusttogetpeoplethere,letalonesetupaplaceforthemtolive.Ifsnotevenclearifhumanscouldsurvive

onMars.

MaybeallthetimeandmoneypeoplewouldpourintoaMarsmissionwouldbebetterspentonmoreurgent

projectshereonEarth,likedealingwithpovertyorclimatechange.Someexpertsarguethathandlingaproblemlike

anasteroidstrikeordiseaseoutbreakwhilestayinghereonEarthwouldbemucheasierandlessexpensivethan

survivingonanewplanet.

Inaddition,movingtoanewplanetcouldharmordestroyanythingthatalreadylivesthere.Humanvisitors

changeordamagetheMartianenvironment.Somefeelthafstoomuchofarisktotake.

12.WhatisStephenHawking'sviewaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.Theearthislikelytoblowup.

B.HumansareusingupnaturalresourcesonEarth.

C.Itisnecessarytospreadouttootherplanets.

D.Weshouldexploreourworldtosaveourselves.

13.WhyaremanyexpertsinfavorofleavingEarth?

A.Becausetherewillbeanuclearwarinthenearfuture.

B.BecausehumancanlivebetteronMars.

C.Becauseitisawayforearthcivilizationtolast.

D.Becauseitisawaytotestourspacetechnology.

14.WhichofthefollowingmaythosewhoareagainstcolonizingMarsagree?

A.ItiswisertodealwithproblemsonEarth.

B.Itiseasytostopadiseaseoutbreak.

C.HumanwillnotsurviveonMars.

D.ItisimpossibletosetupaplaceforpeopletoliveonMars.

15.Whatisthebesttitleofpassage?

A.LeavingEarthtoOtherPlanetsB.ShouldWeColonizeMars?

C.NewHomeonNewPlanetD.AMarMissionIsonTheWay

【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了有些專家認(rèn)為為了人類和人類文明的延續(xù)，人類應(yīng)該離開(kāi)地球，移

民去其他星球，尤其是去火星。而一些人認(rèn)為這樣的計(jì)劃不僅昂貴而且危險(xiǎn)，甚至還會(huì)破會(huì)火星的生態(tài)。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“"Wearerunningoutofspaceandtheonlyplacestogotoareotherworlds....Spreading

outmaybetheonlythingthatsavesusfromourselves.IamconvincedthathumansneedtoleaveEarth."Theseare

thewordsofthefamousscientistStephenHawking（"我們即將用盡空間，唯一可以去的地方是其他星球延

伸探索范圍可能是自我拯救的唯一方法。我相信，人類需要離開(kāi)地球”，這是著名的科學(xué)家史蒂芬?霍金的

話）”可知，霍金認(rèn)為延伸探索其他星球是必要的。故選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Manyexpertsfeelthattheonlywayforhumanitytolastfarintothefutureisto

colonizeotherplanets.Thatway,ifanasteroid（小行星）,aterribledisease,nuclearwar,orsomeotherdisaster

strikesEarth,civilizationwouldstillhaveachance.（許多專家認(rèn)為，人類要想在未來(lái)生存下去，唯一的辦法就

是移民其他行星。用那種方式，如果一顆小行星，一種可怕的疾病，核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，或其他一些災(zāi)難襲擊地球，

文明仍然有機(jī)會(huì)。）”可知，許多專家支持離開(kāi)地球是因?yàn)檫@是地球文明得以延續(xù)的一種方式。故選C項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的"Someexpertsarguethathandlingaproblemlikeanasteroidstrikeordisease

outbreakwhilestayinghereonEarthwouldbemucheasierandlessexpensivethansurvivingonanewplanet.（一

些專家認(rèn)為，留在地球上處理像小行星撞擊或爆發(fā)疾病這樣的問(wèn)題要比在新星球上生存要容易得多，也更

便宜得多）”可知，反對(duì)移民火星的人會(huì)同意處理地球上的問(wèn)題更明智。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。文章第一段StephenHawking的話中uSpreadingoutmaybetheonlythingthatsavesusfrom

ourselves.（探索外界可能是拯救我們自身的唯一途徑）”，引出話題，我們可能需要去其他星球來(lái)拯救我們自

己。文章第二段中"Manyexpertsfeelthattheonlywayforhumanitytolastfarintothefutureistocolonizeother

planets.（許多專家認(rèn)為，人類要想在未來(lái)生存下去，唯一的辦法就是移民其他行星）”表明很多專家支持移

民火星的計(jì)劃。文章第三段中"ButnoteveryoneagreesthatcolonizingMarsoranyotherplanetissuchagreatplan.

（但并不是每個(gè)人都同意，向火星或其他任何行星移民是一個(gè)偉大的計(jì)劃）”，緊接著分析了移民火星的代價(jià)

和危害，綜合可知，整篇文章就是在講我們要不要移民火星，選項(xiàng)B"ShouldWeColonizeMars?”我們應(yīng)該

移民火星嗎？符合要求，故選B項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（七選五）（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

“Ashipinharborissafe,butthatisnotwhatshipsarebuiltfbr,“saidJohnA.Shedd,anearly20thcenturyauthor.

Throughout9theCovid-19,we'veallbecomeusedtoassessingriskinnewways.We'vecometounderstand,though

wecannevergetridofriskaltogether,wehavegreatpowertomakechoicesbothlargeandsmalltoprotect

ourselves.16Itstopsusfromsteppingoutsideofourcomfortzonesandtryingnewthings.

Developmentalpsychologiststalkabout"positiverisks”—sociallyacceptablerisksthatourlivescanbenefit

from.17Butwhataboutthese,whodevelopintoadults?Researchershavefoundthathappinessforolder

adultsisbeingabletochoosehowtheyspendtheirtime,includingwaysthatareadventurous,newandeven-like

hikingorotheroutdooractivities-mildlyrisky.

Oneguidetopositiveriskmanagementlistswaysthatpeoplecanmakesuretheirrisksareontheusafensideof

riskrange.Forexample,toensureasuccessfulbikeride,youshouldinadvanceequipyourselfwithafully-charged

cellphoneandafullwaterbottle.18Orifyouare,concernedaboutyourphysicalcapacity,consulta

certifiedtrainerormedicalprofessionalbeforedeparture.

19Thismeansadaptingtochangingsituations.Inresponsetothedeadlyvirus,peoplechoosetostep

backintonormallifeonlyaftertheyarevaccinated.Inthisway,peoplecouldbeconfidentthattheriskistolerable.

Nobodywantstobeneedlesslyrisky.Butusingournewly-acquiredriskassessmenttools,wecanonceagain

learnandgrowinourlives.20

A.Takerisksinapositiveway.

B.Buttheself-protectivemindstatecarriesitsownrisk.

C.Overallhappinessisonebenefitofpositiverisk-taking.

D.Remembertotelloneofyourfriendsorfamilyyourdestination.

E.Besidestakingpreventivesteps,flexiblethinkingisalsoencouraged.

F.Likeashipsailingawayfromitsharbor,thatiswhatwewerebuilttodo.

GForteenagers,thismeansriskslikerunningformonitorortryingoutforateam.

【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.E20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本篇主要講述了作者認(rèn)為盡管要保護(hù)自己，但也要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)積極冒險(xiǎn)，嘗試

新事物的想法，并給出了積極冒險(xiǎn)的定義、措施。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“"Ashipinharborissafe,butthatisnotwhatshipsarebuiltfor,vsaidJohnA.Shedd,anearly20thcentury

author.Throughout'theCovid-19,we'veallbecomeusedtoassessingriskinnewways.We'vecometounderstand,

thoughwecannevergetridofriskaltogether,wehavegreatpowertomakechoicesbothlargeandsmalltoprotect

ourse1ves.（“停泊在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船的目的，”20世紀(jì)初的作家JohnA.Shedd說(shuō)。在整個(gè)

Covid-19疫情期間，我們都習(xí)慣于以新的方式評(píng)估風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。我們己經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到，盡管我們永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法完全擺脫風(fēng)

險(xiǎn)，但我們有強(qiáng)大的能力做出大大小小的選擇來(lái)保護(hù)自己）”以及后文"ItStopsusfromsteppingoutsideofour

comfortzonesandtryingnewthings.（它阻止我們走出舒適區(qū)，嘗試新事物）“可知，前面講述了因?yàn)橐咔槲覀?/p>

都變得習(xí)慣用新方式評(píng)估風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，我們開(kāi)始意識(shí)到我們有很大的能力進(jìn)行大大小小的選擇來(lái)保護(hù)自己，而空

格后卻表明這阻止我們邁出舒適圈和嘗試新事物可知，選B才能符合前后的轉(zhuǎn)折，it指代B中的自我保護(hù)

的心態(tài)，但是自我保護(hù)的心態(tài)也有自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故B選項(xiàng)“但是自我保護(hù)的精神狀態(tài)也有它自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”

符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文aDevelopmentalpsychologiststalkabout''positiverisks''—sociallyacceptablerisksthatourlivescan

benefitfrom.（發(fā)展心理學(xué)家談?wù)摗胺e極風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”一一社會(huì)可接受的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，我們的生活可以從中受益）”以及后文

“Butwhataboutthese,whodevelopintoadults?Researchershavefoundthathappinessforolderadultsisbeing

abletochoosehowtheyspendtheirlime,includingwaysthatareadventurous,newandeven-likehikingorother

outdooractivities—mildlyrisky.（但是那些成長(zhǎng)為成年人的人呢？研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，老年人的幸福在于能夠選擇

如何度過(guò)他們的時(shí)間，包括冒險(xiǎn)的、新的甚至是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較小的徒步旅行或其他戶外活動(dòng)）”可知，上文表明發(fā)

展心理學(xué)家講述了積極風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的定義，空格后卻表示但已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大成人的大人呢。由此可知，所填句子應(yīng)該是

承接前一句講述青少年（發(fā)展心理學(xué)本身的主要內(nèi)容就是兒童期，包括青少年的心理發(fā)展），因此選G,對(duì)

于青少年這意味著像競(jìng)選班長(zhǎng)、報(bào)名參加一個(gè)團(tuán)體這樣的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，this指代前面的positiverisks,然后空格后

再轉(zhuǎn)折講述成年人的幸福也包括冒險(xiǎn)?故G選項(xiàng)“對(duì)青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，這意味著要冒競(jìng)選班長(zhǎng)或參加團(tuán)隊(duì)的風(fēng)

險(xiǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文uOneguidetopositiveriskmanagementlistswaysthatpeoplecanmakesuretheirrisksareonthe"safe"

sideofriskrange.Forexample,toensureasuccessfulbikeride,youshouldinadvanceequipyourselfwitha

fully-chargedcellphoneandafullwaterbottle.（一份積極風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理指南列出了人們可以確保他們的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)處于風(fēng)

險(xiǎn)范圍的“安全”一側(cè)的方法。例如，為了確保騎行成功，你應(yīng)該提前準(zhǔn)備好一個(gè)充滿電的手機(jī)和一個(gè)裝

滿水的水瓶）”可知，此處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)描述為了順利完成自行車(chē)騎行而采取的措施，故D選項(xiàng)“記得告訴你的

朋友或家人你的目的地”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Thismeansadaptingtochangingsituations.Inresponsetothedeadlyvirus,peoplechoosetostepback

intonormallifeonlyaftertheyarevaccinated.Inthisway,peoplecouldbeconfidentthattheriskistolerable.（這意

味著要適應(yīng)不斷變化的情況。為了應(yīng)對(duì)這一致命病毒，人們只有在接種疫苗后才選擇回到正常生活。這樣，

人們就可以相信風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是可以承受的）”可知，根據(jù)空格后表示這表明適應(yīng)變化的情形。后面舉例表明，面對(duì)

致死的病毒，人們選擇在接種疫苗后回到日常生活可知，這里選E才符合后文，this指代E中的flexible

thinking,除了采取預(yù)防措施，靈活變通的想法也值得提倡。故E選項(xiàng)“除了采取預(yù)防措施外，還鼓勵(lì)靈活

思考”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文uNobodywantstobeneedlesslyrisky.Butusingournewly-acquiredriskassessmenttools,wecanonce

againlearnandgrowinourlives.（沒(méi)有人愿意冒不必要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。但使用我們新獲得的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估工具，我們可以

再次在生活中學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)）”可知，文章開(kāi)頭就用船比喻人，表明盡管在港口的船是安全的，但那不是造船

的目的，來(lái)鼓勵(lì)人們進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)拿半U(xiǎn)。在中間講述了適當(dāng)冒險(xiǎn)的好處，定義和相應(yīng)措施后，最后一段選F

最合適，既符合該段落再次倡導(dǎo)使用新的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估工具，也符合前文對(duì)積極冒險(xiǎn)的倡議，就像離開(kāi)港口的

船一樣，我們的人生也該那樣（合理冒險(xiǎn)）。故F選項(xiàng)“就像一艘駛離港灣的船，這就是我們的使命”符合

語(yǔ)境，故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（50分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在

答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

ShetaraSimsofMissourihasneverforgottenthekindnesstheKansasCityPoliceshowedherafteroneofher

daughterswasmurderedin2012.Shesaidthedepartmentsupportedherevery21oftheway,sending

detectivestocheckonherfamilyandactinglike"doctors,fathers,andlifelinesallinone.^^

Asasinglem