夏洛蒂-勃朗特介紹Introduction-to-Charlotte-Bront

IntroductiontoCharlotteBront?目錄CONTENT1234CharacterIntroductionAboutJaneEyreThemeofWorksCharacterInfluenceCharlotteBront?Chinesename:夏洛蒂·勃朗特Foreignname:CharlotteBront?Birthplace:Yorkshire,UKDateofbirth:April21,1816Dateofdeath:March31,1855Profession:writerRepresentativework:

JANEEYRECharlotteBront?wasbornin1816inHoworth,Yorkshire,inthenorthofEngland,intoacountryclergymanfamily.Afterhermother'searlydeath,CharlotteBront?,eight,wassenttokewenqiaowomen'sboardingschool,acharitythatspecializesintheorphansofclergy.Attheageof15,shewenttomisswuller'sschoolandbecameateacherintheschoolafewyearslater.Later,sheworkedasatutor,andfinallyshedevotedherselftotheroadofliterarycreation.In1847,CharlotteBront?publishedthenovelJaneEyre,whichcausedasensationintheliteraryworld.Fromtheautumnof1848to1849,herbrotherandtwosistersdiedoneafteranother.Undertheshadowandconfusionofdeath,sheinsistedoncompletingthebookShelly,reposedhergriefforhersisterEmily,anddescribedthespontaneouslabormovementinearlyEngland.HerotherworksareVillette(1853)andTeacher(1857),bothofwhicharebasedonherownlifeexperience.HerLifeJaneEyreCreativebackgroundWhentheauthorwroteJaneEyre,Britainwasalreadythelargestindustrialcountryintheworld,butthestatusofBritishwomenhasnotchanged.Theyarestillinasubordinateanddependentposition.Women'ssurvivalgoalistomarryintoarichfamily.Eveniftheycan'tbeborninarichfamily,theyshouldstrivetoobtainwealthandstatusthroughmarriage.Theonlychoiceforwomen'scareeristobeagoodwifeandmother.Womenwhotakewritersastheirprofessionwillbeconsideredasviolatingthelegitimatefemininityandwillbefiercelyattackedbymen.FromthefactthatCharlottesisters'worksassumedmasculinepseudonymsatthebeginning,wecanimaginethedilemmafacedbyfemalewritersatthattime.JaneEyrewaswrittenunderthispassivebackground.作者創(chuàng)作《簡·愛》時的英國已是世界上的頭號工業(yè)大國，但英國婦女的地位并沒有改變，依然處于從屬、依附的地位，女子的生存目標(biāo)就是要嫁入豪門，即便不能生在富貴人家，也要努力通過婚姻獲得財富和地位，女性職業(yè)的唯一選擇是當(dāng)個好妻子、好母親。以作家為職業(yè)的女性會被認(rèn)為是違背了正當(dāng)女性氣質(zhì)，會受到男性的激烈攻擊，從夏洛蒂姐妹的作品當(dāng)初都假托男性化的筆名一事，可以想見當(dāng)時的女性作家面臨著怎樣的困境。而《簡·愛》就是在這一被動的背景下寫成的。Extract

I

know

how

soon

youth

would

fade

and

bloom

perish,

if,

in

the

cup

of

bliss

offered,

but

one

dreg

of

shame,

or

one

flavour

of

remorse

were

detected;

and

I

do

not

want

sacrifice,

sorrow,

dissolution--

such

is

not

my

taste.

I

wish

to

foster

not

to

blight--

to

earn

gratitude,

not

to

wring

tears

of

blood--

no,

nor

of

brine:

my

harvest

must

be

in

smiles,

in

endearments,

in

sweet--That

will

do.

我知道，在奉上的幸福之杯中，只要發(fā)現(xiàn)一絲恥辱或悔恨的味道，青春就會很快凋謝，花朵就會很快凋謝;我不想要犧牲、悲傷和毀滅——這不是我的口味。我要培養(yǎng)，而不是枯萎——要贏得感激，而不是擠出血淚——不，也不是鹽水的眼淚。我的收獲必須是微笑，是愛撫，是甜蜜——這樣就行了。Extract

You

never

felt

jealousy,

did

you,

Miss

Eyre?

Of

course

not:

I

need

not

ask

you:

because

you

never

felt

love.

You

have

both

sentiments

yet

to

experience:

your

soul

sleeps:

the

shock

is

yet

to

be

givenwhid

shall

waken

it.

You

think

all

existence

lapses

in

as

quiet

a

flow

as

that

in

which

your

youth

has

hitherto

slid

away.

Floating

on

with

closed

eyes

and

muffled

ears,

you

neither

see

the

rocks

bristling

not

far

off

in

the

bed

of

the

flood,

nor

hear

the

breakers

boil

at

their

base.

But

I

tell

you-

and

you

may

mark

my

words-

you

will

come

some

day

to

a

craggy

pass

in

the

channel,

where

the

whole

of

life's

stream

will

be

broken

up

into

whirl

and

tumult,

foam

and

noise:

either

youwill

be

dashed

to

atoms

on

crag

points,

or

lifted

up

and

borne

on

by

some

master-

wave

into

a

calmer

current-

as

I

am

now.“你從來沒有嫉妒過是不是，愛小姐？因?yàn)槟銢]有戀愛過，體會不到這種感情。你的靈魂正在沉睡，只有使它震驚才能將它喚醒，你認(rèn)為一切生活，就像你的青春悄悄逝去一樣，也都是靜靜地流走。你閉著眼睛隨波逐流，但我告訴你，某一天你會來到河道中巖石嶙峋的關(guān)口，你整個生命會被撞得粉碎，然后被大浪掀起來，匯入更平靜的河流，就像我現(xiàn)在這樣?！盜nhernovels,themostprominentthemeiswomen'sstrongdesireforindependence.Thisthemecanbesaidtobetenaciouslyexpressedinallhernovels,andtakingthevoiceofwomenasthethemeofthenovelisunprecedentedinthehistoryofEnglishliteraturebeforeher.Sheisthefirstpersontoexpressthistheme.在她的小說中，最突出的主題就是女性要求獨(dú)立自主的強(qiáng)烈愿望。這一主題可以說在她所有的小說中都頑強(qiáng)地表現(xiàn)出來，而將女性的呼聲作為小說主題，這在她之前的英國文學(xué)史上是不曾有過的，她是表現(xiàn)這一主題的第一人。Themeofworks作品主題CharlotteBront?stronglypublicizedtherationalityandnecessityofwomen'seducation.Hernovelscanberegardedasthemostclassicworkstostudyliteratureandgenderconsciousness.Atthesametime,shealsolaidasolidfoundationforthedevelopmentofwomen'sliteratureinthe20thcentury.Whendealingwithwomen'sthemes,laterwritersareinfluencedbyhertovaryingdegrees,especiallythosewhocareaboutwomen'sowndestiny,respectherasapioneerandregardhe