【英語】八年級上冊Units8～10

八年級上冊Units8～10Ⅰ.單詞?分類記憶【核心速記】不可不記1.____(v.) 增加;添加2._______(n.) 秋天;秋季3._____(v.) 遮蓋;覆蓋

(n.) 覆蓋物;蓋子4.___________(n.) 溫度;氣溫;體溫5._______(v.) 使做好準備;把……準備好6._____(n.) 考試addautumncovertemperatureprepareexam7.________(adj.) 有空的;可獲得的8._____(v.) 懸掛;垂下9._____(v.) 邀請10.______(v.) 接受11.______(v.) 拒絕12._______(prep.) 沒有;不(做某事)13._______(n.) 音樂會;演奏會14._____(adj.) 難過;失望;沮喪availablehanginviteacceptrefusewithoutconcertupset15.______(n.) 勸告;建議16._______(adj.) 正常的;一般的17.______(adj.) 發(fā)怒的;生氣的18.__________(n.) 經(jīng)驗;經(jīng)歷advicenormalangryexperience【聯(lián)想串記】不可不知1.final(n.) →______(adv.)最后;最終2.tradition(n.) →__________(adj.)傳統(tǒng)的;慣例的3.travel(v.) →_______(n.)漂泊者;旅行者;游客4.invite(v.) →_________(n.)邀請;請柬5.prepare(v.) →___________(n.)準備;準備工作finallytraditionaltravelerinvitationpreparation6.surprise(v.&n) →_________(adj.)驚奇的;感到意外的 →_________(adj.)令人驚奇的;

令人感到意外的7.open(v.) →_______(n.)開幕式;落成典禮8.meet(v.) →_______(n.)會議;集會;會面9.understand(v.) →_____________(adj.)善解人意的10.care(v.) →_______(adj.)小心的;細致的;

精心的;慎重的 →_______(adj.)粗心的;不小心的surprisedsurprisingopeningmeetingunderstandingcarefulcarelessⅡ.短語?雙語互譯1.接通;打開 turn___2.為……做準備 prepare___3.閑逛;常去某處 hang___4.照顧;照看 look_____5.拒絕 turn_____6.takeatrip _______7.lookforwardto __________8.hearfrom ______________________9.keep...tooneself _________10.inhalf _________onforoutafterdown去旅行盼望;期待接到(某人的)信、電話等保守秘密分成兩半Ⅲ.句型?超級填寫1.你怎樣制作水果沙拉?________you_____fruitsalad?2.你知道怎樣植樹嗎?Doyouknow___________atree?3.這兒是制作感恩節(jié)正餐時吃的火雞的一種方法。_______onewaytomaketurkeyforaThanksgivingdinner.4.——周六下午你能來參加我的聚會嗎?—____you_______mypartyonSaturdayafternoon?——當(dāng)然,我很愿意?！猄ure,_________.HowdomakehowtoplantHereisCancometoI’dloveto5.——今天是幾號,星期幾?—_______today?——是十四號,星期一?！猒__________the14th.6.如果你去參加聚會,你將會過得很愉快。__yougototheparty,________haveagreattime.7.如果他們今天舉辦聚會,將會發(fā)生什么?What___________ifthey_____thepartytoday?What’sIt’sMondayIfyouwillwillhappenhave【核心詞匯】

1.turnon接通(電流、煤氣、水等);打開【填一填思維激活】選詞填空(turnon,turnoff)①

theblender.Let’smakemilkshake.②Rememberto

thelightsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.答案:①Turnon②turnoff【記一記知識構(gòu)建】(1)turnon指打開(電燈、電視、收音機等),反義詞為turnoff。(2)turnon為“動詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動詞短語。當(dāng)賓語為名詞時,可將其置于短語后面或放在動詞與副詞之間;若賓語為代詞時,則將其放在短語中間?！練w納拓展】open/close“開/關(guān)”open指把關(guān)著的門、窗、箱、盒等打開,反義詞為close。It’shotintheroom.Openthewindow,please.屋里很熱。請把窗子打開。Remembertoclosethedoorwhenyouleave.離開時記著關(guān)上門。【圖解助記】

【練一練走近中考】(2014·揚州中考)—DoyouknowthelatestinformationaboutFlightMH370?—I’venoidea.Let’s

theTVtowatchthenewsprogramme.A.turnonB.turndownC.turnupD.turnoff2.untilconj.&prep.到……時;直到……為止【填一填思維激活】①我們可能將直到五月或六月才能看到花!Weprobably

seeanyflowers

MayorJune!②Tomwenttobedafterhefinishedhishomework.(改為同義句)Tom

gotobed

hefinishedhishomework.答案:①won’t;until②didn’t;until

【記一記知識構(gòu)建】(1)until=till,后接具體時刻/時間短語(yesterday/nextweekend)或從句,主句中動詞為延續(xù)性動詞;(2)not...until直到……才;主句中動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞?！緢D解助記】【溫馨提示】當(dāng)until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時,從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時;用一般過去時代替過去將來時?！揪氁痪氉呓锌肌?2014·威海中考)Weareleavingtomorrow.Wewillbeback

nextFriday.A.from

B.until

C.on

D.since3.catchv.及時趕上;接住;抓住【填一填思維激活】①他們不得不早起去趕早班公交車。Theyhadtogetupearly

theearlybus.②你要努力才能趕上班里的其他同學(xué)。Youshouldworkhardto

theotherclassmates.答案:①tocatch②catchupwith

【記一記知識構(gòu)建】catch一詞多義記心中【練一練走近中考】(2013·日照中考)Wegotupearlyandc

theearlytrainback.答案:caught4.acceptv.接受【填一填思維激活】選詞填空(accept/receive)①我們能夠接受他的邀請。Wecan

hisinvitation.②你到英國時一定會受到熱烈歡迎。Youwill

awarmwelcomewhenyoucometoEngland.答案:①accept②receive

【辨一辨考點突破】accept“接受”,主觀上愿意接受receive“收到”,客觀上收到或拿到,但主觀上不一定會接受【圖解助記】【一言辨異】Ireceivedhisgiftyesterday,butIwouldn’tliketoacceptit.昨天我收到了他的禮物,但是我不想接受它?！揪氁痪氉呓锌肌?2013·連云港中考)—WouldyoupleaseseethefilmIronMan3withmetonight,Kate?—I’dloveto,butI’ve

Linda’sinvitationtodinner.A.suffered

B.earned

C.received

D.accepted5.advicen.勸告;建議【填一填思維激活】①你能給我一些建議嗎?Canyougiveme

please?②我要給你提一條建議。I’llgiveyou

.答案:①someadvice②apieceofadvice

【記一記知識構(gòu)建】advice的用法(1)advice“勸告;建議”,是不可數(shù)名詞,無復(fù)數(shù)形式,也不能直接與不定冠詞連用。(2)表達數(shù)量時要借助于piece,apieceofadvice“一條建議”;twopiecesofadvice“兩條建議”?！練w納拓展】【練一練走近中考】(2014·菏澤中考)Myteachergavememuch

onhowtostudyEnglishwellwhenIhadsometrouble.A.advice B.question C.suggestion D.problem6.unless

conj.

除非;如果不【填一填思維激活】①如果我們不與人交談,我們必定會感覺更糟。

wetalktosomeone,we’llcertainlyfeelworse.②Iwon’tgotothepartyunlessTom

(invite)me.答案:①Unless②invites

【記一記知識構(gòu)建】(1)unless連詞,意為“除非;如果不”;引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,表達否定意義。(2)主句用一般將來時,unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時?！緶剀疤崾尽?/p>

unless可與if引導(dǎo)的否定的條件狀語從句進行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。We’llgohikingunlessitrainstomorrow.=We’llgohikingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我們將去遠足?！揪氁痪氉呓锌肌?2014·揚州中考)—Theairpollutionisterrible.—Itwillbeworse

wetakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.A.ifB.unless

C.until

D.when【重點句型】

1.Doyouknowhowtoplantatree?你知道怎樣植樹嗎?【思一思句型剖析】“疑問詞+不定式”是由疑問代詞who,whom,what,which;疑問副詞when,how,where等加不定式構(gòu)成,在句中可作主語、賓語、表語等成分。【歸納拓展】(1)“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個名詞性從句,常?？捎猛瘸煞值膹木浯?。改寫時只需在疑問詞后加一適當(dāng)主語,并將不定式改成適當(dāng)形式的謂語。(2)“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)常放在tell,show,teach,learn,know,wonder,discuss,remember,forget,findout等動詞(詞組)之后作賓語。Theyoungwomandoesn’tknowwhattodo。這位年輕女士不知道做什么?！揪氁痪氉呓锌肌?2014·齊齊哈爾中考)Wehavetworooms

,butIdon’tknow

.A.tolive;tochoosewhichoneB.tolivein;whichonetochooseC.live;whichonetochoose2.Ifweaskpeopletobringfood,they’lljustbringpotatochipsandchocolatebecausethey’llbetoolazytocook.如果我們讓大家?guī)澄锏脑?他們將只會帶薯條和巧克力,因為他們太懶而不想做飯。【思一思句型剖析】(1)“too+adj./adv.+todosth.”句型,意為“太……而不能……”。(2)“too+adj./adv.+todosth.”句型中,動詞不定式常加不定式的邏輯主語forsb.。例如:ThisEnglishbookistoodifficultformetoread.這本英語書太難了,我讀不懂。(3)“too+adj./adv.+todosth.”句型,可與not...enoughtodo句型轉(zhuǎn)換;亦可與so/such...that...句型轉(zhuǎn)換,此時that從句用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。Heistooyoungtodothework.=Heisnotoldenoughtodothework.=Heissoyoungthathecannotdothework.他太年輕了,不能做這項工作?！揪氁痪氉呓锌肌竣?2014·內(nèi)江中考)—Ihaven’tseenmygrandparentsforlong.I’mtoobusy

themthesedays.—Whynotcalltheminstead?A.visit

B.tovisit

C.visiting

D.visits②(黔西南州中考)Lucyisn’toldenoughtocarrythebox.A.issoyoungthatshecan B.isn’tyoungenoughtoC.istooyoungtoD.issoyoungto【要點備選】1.apieceof一片;一塊【填一填思維激活】①瑪麗給了這個男孩一塊蛋糕。Marygavetheboy

cake.②There

(be)apieceofbreadontheplate.

答案:①apieceof②is【記一記知識構(gòu)建】(1)apieceof意為“一塊(片,張,件……)”,后接不可數(shù)名詞,表示數(shù)量;如果表示的數(shù)量超過兩個,則piece用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)apieceof短語作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,而piecesof短語作主語時,謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！緢D解助記】2.reply回答;回復(fù)【填一填思維激活】①你必須馬上回復(fù)這封信。Youmust

thisletterrightaway.②——誰接的電話?——湯姆?！猈ho

thetelephone?—Tomdid.答案:①replyto/answer②answered【辨一辨考點突破】reply指用口頭或書面形式回答。作動詞,意為“回答”,可用“replyto(sb./sth.)”表示“對……作出回答”。作名詞時,意為“答道,回信,答復(fù)”,后面跟介詞toIdidn’treplytohim.我沒有答復(fù)他。Herepliedthathemightgo.他回答說他可能去。answer是最普通的用語,包括用口頭、書面或行動回答。它可以用作及物動詞或不及物動詞Heansweredmyquestion.他回答了我的問題。3.—What’stoday?今天是星期幾,幾月幾號?—It’sMondaythe14th.今天是14號,星期一?！舅家凰季湫推饰觥?/p>

What’stoday?句式用來詢問今天星期幾和具體日期,意為“今天是星期幾,幾月幾號?”或“今天是什么日子?”,通常用星期和日期或節(jié)日、特殊日子作答?！練w納拓展】“日期”的問與答(1)Whatdayisittoday?意為“今天星期幾?”或“今天是什么日子?”,要回答星期或節(jié)日、特殊的日子。(2)What’sthedatetoday?意為“今天是幾月幾號?”,要回答日期。【溫馨提示】具體日期的表達順序為“月份+具體日期,年份”。其中具體日期要用序數(shù)詞,但是可以寫成基數(shù)詞,讀時要讀成序數(shù)詞,且序數(shù)詞前一定要有定冠詞the,如March8或March8th要讀成Marchtheeighth。品鑒信息合理推理判斷命題角度1

事實推斷(2014·廣州中考)

Itwasalreadyeleveno’clock.BythelightofthemoonIstartedworking,tryingtomakeaslittlenoiseaspossible.Andthatwasnoteasywithasaw(鋸子)andahammer.

Aftermucheffort,myworkwasfinallycompleted.Ilookeddownatmywatch.Itwasexactly4:00am.ThenIwentinsidetohaveashowerandgetafewhoursofsleep.Itwouldn’tbelongnowbeforethekidswouldrushintomyroomandwakemeuptotellmeaboutthenewtree-houseFatherChristmashadbroughtthemthisyear.49.Whatdidthemanwanttodoafterfinishinghisplan?A.Gotosleep.B.Wakeuphischildren.C.Openthebag.D.Callthepolice.【分析】這是一個事實推斷題。文中沒有明確給出可以與題目wanttodo同義替換的定位詞,但是我們可以推斷作者勞累一晚之后的心情,而且最后一段說ThenIwentinsidetohaveashowerandgetafewhoursofsleep.所以,我們可以推斷出,答案是A。【破題技巧】(1)推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進行判斷和推論,從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。(2)要做到判斷有據(jù),推論有理,忠實原文。切忌用自己的觀點代替作者的本意,切忌片面思考,得出片面結(jié)論。命題角度2

觀點態(tài)度推斷(2014·蘇州中考)

PeoplethinkoficecreamasanAmericanfood.Yet,icecreamreallycamefromAsia.Inthelate1200sMarcoPolo,thegreatexplorer,issaidtohaveseenrichAsianseatingdishesofice.Camelshadbroughttheicefromdistantmountains.Beforeitwasserved,theicehadbeenflavored(調(diào)味)withfruits.

MarcoPolobroughtthisnewdishtoItaly.InFrancecookschangedtheicerecipe(配方)andmadeicecream....

SomegreatAmericanslovedicecream.GeorgeWashingtonwasthefirsttobuyaspecialmachineformakingit.WhenThomasJeffersonreturnedfromFrance,hebroughtanicecreamrecipehomewithhim.DollyMadison,wifeofPresidentJamesMadison,alsolikedicecream,andsheoftenserveditattheWhiteHouse.Actually,afamousbrand(品牌)oficecreamwasevennamedafterher.35.Whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantpersoninthehistoryoficecream?A.MarcoPolo.B.DollyMadison.C.ThomasJefferson.D.GeorgeWashington.【分析】本題考查對作者意圖和態(tài)度的推斷。由“MarcoPolobroughtthisnewdishtoItaly.InFrancecookschangedtheicerecipeandmadeicecream.”可以推測出,作者認為,馬可波羅在冰淇淋的歷史中是最重要的人物,故答案為A。

【破題技巧】應(yīng)當(dāng)全面理解文章的內(nèi)容及文章的中心思想,注意能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動詞及所舉的例子,如doubt,hate,against等?！菊骖}回訪】(2014·北京中考)

Teenswantstructureintheirlives,whichmeanstheywanttheirliveswell-planned.Tobeginbuildingstructure,teensneedloveandtrust.Theyneedtoknowtheirparentsaretheretogivethemneededloveandsupport(支持).Teenswanttobesurethatnothingcanpreventparentsfromshoulderingtheirresponsibilityforthem—nottheirgrowingmaturity(成熟),misbehavior,norangeratsomethingtheyhavedone.Teenswantparentstokeepcontrolwhileallowingthemtomakesomedecisions.Therearesomewaysyoucanhelpyourteenscreatereasonablestructureandremainclose.Onewayistospendtimetogether.Parentsoftenmistaketheirteens’increasedinterestinfriendsforadisinterestinthefamily.

Teenswouldliketospendmoretimedoingthingswiththeirparents,butwatchingTVisnotcountedasspendingtimetogether.Asyourteensmature,itisimportantyouandyourteensspendtimealonetogether,onetoone.Yourteensneedtimetotalktoyoualonewithoutanyotherfamilymemberpresent.

...56.AccordingtoParagraph1,teens

.A.cancontrolthemselvesB.expectdirectionandfreedomC.don’tknowhowtomakedecisionD.don’thaveresponsibilityforthefamily57.Theunderlinedpart“countedas”inParagraph3probablymeans“

”.A.comparedwithB.usedasC.connectedwithD.regardedas【透徹理解，選定答案】如何寫有關(guān)“未來生活計劃”的話題作文有關(guān)“未來生活計劃”的話題是歷年來許多地方中考考查頻率最高的話題之一,其中以學(xué)生畢業(yè)為背景設(shè)題最為常見,寫作此類話題時要特別注意以下兩點:1.關(guān)于這一話題的時態(tài)要用一般將來時。

2.所寫的內(nèi)容要全面,包含所給要點提示。高分句型:1.Iwanttobea...whenIgrowup.當(dāng)我長大的時候我想成為一名……。2.Iwillbeableto...我將能……3.Icanachievemydreamby...我通過……能實現(xiàn)我的夢想。4.I’mdeterminedtoholdontomydreamtillonedayitcomestrue.我決定堅持我的夢想直到有一天它成為現(xiàn)實。【典題示例】(2013·杭州中考)

請以“MyDream”為題寫一篇英語作文,供英語課上交流。DreamIwanttoReasonsbeinterestedin…Waystoachievemyd