2023年日喀則地區(qū)仲巴縣考研《英語一》全真模擬試卷含解析

2023年日喀則地區(qū)仲巴縣考研《英語一》全真模擬試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,weacceptthesefailuresasa1partofthelearningprocess.Butalltoooftenasparentsandteacherswe2thissamerighttoourchildren.WhenIseeachild3fromthiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Donniewasmyyoungestthird-grader.His4offailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenenjoyed.He5answeredquestions—hewasafraidhemightbewrong.Itriedmybesttobuildhis6.Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,whenMaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasassignedtoourclassroom.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Mypupils,Donnieincluded,all7herverymuch.Onemorning,wewereworkingonmathproblemsatthechalkboard.Donniehad8theproblemswithpains-takingtidiness.Pleasedwithhisprogress,I9thechildrenwithMaryAnneandwentforartmaterials.WhenIreturned,Donniewasin10.He’dmissedthethirdproblem.Mystudentteacherlookedatmeindespair.Suddenlyherface11.Fromthedeskweshared,shegotacontainerfilledwithpencils.“Look,Donnie,”shesaid,kneelingbesidehimandgently12thetear-stained(弄臟的)facefromhisarms.“I’vegotsomethingto13you.”Sheremovedthepencils,oneatatime,andplacedthemonhisdesk.“Seethese14,Donnie,”shecontinued.“TheybelongtoMrs.Lindstromandme.Seehowtheerasersare15?That’sbecausewemakemistakestoo.Butweerasethemistakesandtryagain.That’swhatyou16learntodo,too.”Shekissedhimandstoodup.“Here,”shesaid,“I’llleaveoneofthesepencilson17desksoyou’llrememberthateverybodymakesmistakes,18teachers.”Donnielookedupwithloveinhiseyesandasmile.The19becameDonnie’sprizedpossession.That,togetherwithMaryAnne’sfrequentencouragement,gradually20himthatit’sallrighttomakemistakes—aslongasyouerasethemandtryagain.1、A．small B．basic C．necessary D．large2、A．give B．disallow C．offer D．permit3、A．come B．take C．fall D．suffer4、A．fear B．lesson C．chance D．sense5、A．always B．often C．never D．seldom6、A．self-protection B．self-improvement C．self-confidence D．self-learning7、A．respected B．disliked C．avoided D．minded8、A．workedout B．writtendown C．goneover D．learned9、A．left B．offered C．missed D．parted10、A．surprise B．astonishment C．anger D．tears11、A．darkened B．brightened C．pulled D．loosened12、A．lifting B．picking C．holding D．pushing13、A．help B．show C．reward D．promise14、A．pencils B．mistakes C．marks D．containers15、A．used B．built C．worn D．damaged16、A．may B．must C．ought D．can17、A．my B．someone’s C．theteacher’s D．your18、A．still B．also C．even D．not19、A．pencil B．words C．mistake D．desk20、A．warned B．informed C．persuaded D．remindedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1In2016,ateamofJapanesescientistsfoundbacteriacapableofbreakingdownand“eating”oneoftheworld’smostpopularplastics-polyethyleneterephthalate(PET).Itwasvaluedasapotentialbreakthroughatthetime.ButanewdiscoverycameasateamofBritishscientistsexaminedanenzyme(酶)producedbytheJapanesebacteriatofindoutmoreaboutitsstructure.Whileoperatingthestructuretobetterunderstandhowitworked,theyaccidentallycreatedthechangedenzymethat’sevenmoreefficientatbreakingdownplasticbottles.Theresearchersarenowworkingtofurtherimprovetheenzymesoitcanbeusedonanindustrialscale.It’spossiblethatwithinthenextfewyearstherecouldbeanindustriallypossibleprocessforturningPETintoothersubstancessoitcanberecycled.Theabilitytoscaleuptheprocesswillbeimportant.Plasticpollutionisfastbecomingoneofthebiggestenvironmentalissuesofourtime.Morethan1millionplasticbottlesareboughtaroundtheworldeveryminute.MostofthesebottlesaremadefromPET，whichcantakeupto00yearstobiodegrade(生物降解),andmanyareleftintheoceans.OverhalfofglobalPETwasteisnotcollectedforrecyclingandonly7percentofbottlesarerecycledintonewbottles.Somescientistssaythebreakthrough,thoughpromising,isnowherenearenoughtosolveourpollutioncrisis.Theseenzymesarenotabundantlypresentinnature.Soyouwouldneedtoproducetheenzymefirst,thenaddittothePETplastictodegradeit.”Thisislikelytobeaslowprocess.IfyouhavegonethroughthetroubleofcollectingthePETwaste,thenthereareclearlyfarbetterwaystorecycleitorburnitforenergy,”saidWim,headoftheIndustrialBiotechnologyCenter.Hesuggestedtheuseofcommerciallyavailablebiodegradablebioplasticswouldstillbeabetterbet.1、WhatunexpecteddiscoverydidtheBritishscientistsmake?A．Aneffectivewaytodealwithplasticwaste.B．ApotentialsolutionincollectingPETwaste.C．Thewaytounderstandthestructureofenzymebetter.D．TherealvalueofthediscoverybyJapanesescientists.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theprocess”inParagraph3actuallyreferto?A．Theprocesstofindtheenzyme.B．Theprocesstomakemoreplastics.C．TheprocesstoreducethePETwaste.D．TheprocesstoproducekindofnewPET.3、WhatistheproblemaboutrecyclingthePETwaste?A．Largequantitiesofplasticbottlesareused.B．OceanplasticwasteishardertobiodegradeC．MostofthePETwasteisleftwithouttreatment.D．MostoftheplasticproductsaremadefromPET.4、Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A．Theenzymedoesnotexistinnature.B．Theenzymehashelpedtosolvetheplasticproblems.C．Burningplasticwasteforenergyisnowthebestwaytoridit.D．WehavealongwaytogotousetheenzymetorecyclePETwaste.Text2Haveyoueverrealizedthatthesmallestcountriesintheworldhavesomuchtooffer?Whetherit’shistoricandculturalheritageorunspoilednature,thesemicrostatesareworthavisit.GrenadaGrenadaisasmallcountryintheworld.ItislocatedonislandofCaribbean,whichisalsoknownasTheIslandofSpiceforseveralspiceslikecinnamon,gingerandrarenutmeg.Grenadareliesontourism.Itspristinebeaches,warmturquoisewaterandunspoilednaturemakeitawonderfulholidaydestination.Recentlyecotourismhasbeengrowingaswell.SanMarinoLocatedwithinItalyandsurroundedbytheApennineMountains.SanMarinoisvisitedbyapproximately2milliontouristsannually.It’sabeautifulcountry,whichalsoclaimstobetheoldestsurvivingstateintheworld!Thereforeitsculturalandhistoricheritageisundoubtedlyfascinating.Althoughverysmall,themicrostatehasalotofarchitecturalattractionsaswellastheRomagna,whichislovedbyItalians,whoareamongthemainguestshere.MaldivesMaldivesislocatedonthebankofIndianOcean.Maldiveshasarangeofdifferenthabitatsincludingdeepsea,shallowcoast,andreefecosystems,fringingmangroves,wetlandsanddrylands.VisitorstotheMaldivesdonotneedtoapplyforapre-arrivalvisa,regardlessoftheircountryoforigin,providedtheyhaveavalidpassport,proofofonwardtravel,andthemoneytobeself-sufficientwhileinthecountry.AndorraIt’sapicturesquemicrostatefoundinthePyreneesMountains,borderingSpainandFrance.Over10milliontouristsvisitAndorraeveryyear!Unliketheneighboringcountries’highprices,thecountryhasaduty-freepolicy,allowingshopperstoenjoylowercosts.Alsotherearewinterandsummerresorts,soyoucanvisitanytime.1、WhomightbeinterestedinGrenada?A．Architects. B．Spicelovers.C．Historians. D．Mountainclimbers.2、Whichofthefollowingisagoodchoiceforpeoplewholikebuildingdesign?A．Maldives. B．SanMarino.C．Andorra. D．Grenada.3、WhatisnotrequiredforatravelertoMaldives?A．Money. B．Apassport.C．Avisa. D．Areturnticket.4、WhatmeasurehasAndorratakentoattracttravelers?A．Offeringlowerprices. B．Adoptingvisa-freepolicy.C．Settingnaturalhabits. D．Developingscenicspot.Text3Withchildbehavior,thereisalmostmuchmorethanitmeetstheeye.Becauseitoccursatsomanydifferentlevels,childbehaviorthatseemssimpleatonelevelcanoftenbemuchmorecomplexandmeaningfulatanother.Forinstance,alittlechild’spatternofgettingintocupboards,drawersandclosedrooms,evenafterbeingtoldnotto,iseasilyconsideredasbadbehavior.Whenviewedatthatlevel,thepatternisunacceptableandcouldleadtopunishment.Butitcanbeviewedatamorecomplexandmeaningfullevel,namelychildexploration.Ifachildregularlyexperiencesanangryparentwhoseemsdeterminedtopreventanyexploratoryactivities,thechildwilldecidetocontinuetoachievefuturediscoveries.Whenparentsviewthisbehaviorasbornoutofnaturalcuriosityratherthansimpleopposition,theyaremorelikelytoacceptandappropriatelymonitorit.Althoughitmayleadtowarningresponsestoensurethechild’ssafety,itislesslikelytoleadtopunishment.Therearecountlessotherexamples.Holdingagoldfishoutsideitsbowlisfoolishatonelevelbutalsocanbeseenasayoungchild’sattempttoexpressphysicalaffectionforapet.Spendingtimewithfriendsratherthanfamilyisselfishatonelevelbutalsoindicatesateen’sneedforindependence.Thepointhereisthatchildbehaviorisoftenexhibitedinsimpleformsthatcanbeoppositional,selfishorgenerallyunacceptableifviewedonlyatthatbasiclevel.However,whenviewedatamoremeaningfullevel,thesameapparentlysimplebehaviorcanbeseenassomethinglargerandpotentiallymoreadaptive.Thisdoesn’tmeanthebehaviorshouldbeignored,especiallyifitisinappropriate.Butlookingatthebiggerpictureofachild’sbehavior,adultsmightgainafullerunderstandingofwhatthey’redealingwith,whichcancreatemoreflexibilityinhowtheyrespond.1、AccordingtoParagraph1,wecanknowthatchildbehavior________.A．occursatdifferentlevelsB．isverychangeableC．isinacceptableD．isfullyunderstoodbyadults2、TheexamplesintheParagraph2mainlyshowsthat________.A．parentsshouldproperlypunishchildbehaviorB．therearedifferentattitudestochildbehaviorC．children’sbehaviorshowstheirinterestsD．parentsshouldkeeptheirchildren’ssafetyinmind3、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that________.A．childbehaviorreflectsachild’sneedB．childrenspendingtimewithfriendsshowtheirselfishnessC．whatachilddoescanmeandifferentlywhenseenfromdifferentaspectsD．childrentendtodosomethingtoshowtheirdependencetotheirparents4、Whatdoesthewritersuggestparentsshoulddowithachild’sbehavior?A．Haveapositiveattitudetowardsit.B．Ignoretheimproperbehavior.C．Viewitatthebasiclevel.D．Watchoveritfromheadtofoot.Text4Tiredofdealingwiththoseslow,dumb,andunfriendlyhotelstaff?Howaboutahotelthatprovideschanceforminimalinteractionwiththe"people"runningthehotel?IntheHennNaHotelinJapan,therearen’tany!Beingcalled“WeirdHotel”bylocals,theHennNaHotelopenedin2016inthetownofSasebo,isstaffedalmostbyrobots.Therobotsarenotjustforfun.Theydoalargeamountofwork,savingtimeandmoneyaswell.Theycangreetyouwhenyouenter.Also,theyplaymusicinthelounge,informyouofthebreakfastmenu,andcontrolthelightsinyourhotelroom,etc.Thinkingthatthehotelshouldbeuniqueandappealing,theownersmadeeachrobotdifferentfromeachotherwithavarietyofshapesandsizes.Oneoftherobotsbehindthefrontdeskisdesignedtolooklikeadinosaur,“Ifyouwanttocheckin,pushone.”thedinosaursays.Thentheguestcantypetheinformationonatouchpanelscreen.Insidetheroom,there’sasmallrobotcalledTulyintheshapeofapinktulip(郁金香).Tulycananswersimplequestionslike"whattimeisit?"and"Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?"Withnoswitchesonthewall,Tulycanalsoturntheroomlightsonoroffifit'stoldto.Buthowdothingslikecheck-inandroomaccesswork?Well,thescreenatthereceptioncapturesandregistersadigitalimageoftheguest'sfaceduringcheck-inwhichisusedtogetaccess10roomsinsteadoftraditionalkeys.However.thereceptionshallalsoprovideyoucardkeysonrequestincaseyouwishtokeepitsubtle!Ifyou'rewonderingwhathappensinthecaseofanemergency,youneednotworry.Humansdostepinwhenit'sofgreatimportance.Accordingtothehotelswebsite,thereareafewhumanstaffmemberswhoareavailableon-call24X7andhelpguestsinthecaseofanemergency.1、TherobotsintheHennNaHotelcandothefollowingthingsfortheguestsEXCEPT______.A．tellthebreakfastmenu B．controlthelightsintheroomC．playmusicinthelounge D．respondtoalltherequirements2、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．TheHernNaHotelismanagedallbyrobots.B．Adinosaur-likerobotwillguidegueststocheck.C．Nohumanstaffcanbeconnectedeveninanemergency.D．Guestscanhaveaccesstoroomsbyusingtraditionalkeys.3、Itcanbeinferredthattheownersofthehotel_________.A．entertaintheguestsallthetimeinpersonB．areimaginativeandhavecreativethinkingC．areknowledgeableandacquireadvancedtechnologyD．attachgreatimportancetothesocialimageofthehotel4、What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A．ItadvocatespeopletopromotehotelequipmentB．Itcomparestherobotswithhumanstaffinahotel.C．ItintroducesanewhotelstaffedbyintelligentrobotsD．ItdescribeshowwonderfulartificialintelligenceisPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)DragonHeadRaisingDay,1．fallseachyearontheseconddayofthesecondlunarmonth,isoneoftheChinesetraditionalfestivalsAstheproverbgoes:“Thedragonisawaked,2．(raise)hishead”O(jiān)nthisday,dragons,aprominenttotem(圖騰)inChinesecultureraise3．(they)headswiththesoundofthunderAroundthistime,theearth4．(burst)withlifeGrassandtreesarebeginningtoshootupInancientChina,people5．(pray)thedragongodbesideariveroralakeforthepreciousspringrainstobreedtheircrops6．(tradition),foodeatenonthisdaywasrenamedafterpartsofthedragonForinstance,wontonswerecalled“dragon’seyes”Thespecial7．(food)usuallyeatenonthisdayincludedragon’sscales,popcornandpig’sheadInShanxi,peoplegettheirhair8．(cut)inasymbolicmovetoremovetheoldandembracethenewIn9．countrysideinHebeiProvince,peoplewouldfetchwaterfromawellatdawnItwasbelieved10．onthisdaythewellwasfullofdragoneggswhichwouldbringthecollectorgoodharvestHaveyoueverawakenedandfeltlikeyoucouldn’tmove?Ifso,it1．(probable)scaredyouYoumayhavethoughtsomethingterriblehadhappenedtoyouActually,manypeoplehavethisexperienceonaregularbasisIt2．(call)sleepparalysis(癱瘓)3．itsoundsscary,itisnormalSleepparalysishappenswhenapersonisfallingasleeporwakingupAsthepersonfallsasleep,hisorherbodyslowsdownUsuallytheperson’smind4．(relax)atthesametime,butoccasionallythemindstaysawake5．(long)thanthebodyAsaresult,thepersoncanbeconscious,oraware,buthavetroublemovingor6．(speak)SleepparalysiscanalsooccurasyouwakeupFortunately,theconditionrarelylastsformorethanafewseconds7．(move)andspeechsoonreturntonormalSomepeoplereportunusualexperiencesduringsleepparalysisTheymayhear,seeorfeelthings8．don’texistAtonetime,people9．(think)thatghostsormonstershadenteredtheroomandwereholdingthemdown，keepingthemfrommovingSciencehashelpedusunderstandthatsuchvisionsareactuallypartofsleepparalysisNowweknowthatgettingtoolittlesleep,takingcertainmedications（藥物）,andchangingyoursleepschedulecancausesleepparalysisThisconditioncanbescary,butit’sjustatrickthatyoumindisplaying10．yourbodySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Foodfeedsthesoul.Totheextentthatwealleatfood,andweallhavesouls,foodisthesinglegreatunitedacrosscultures.Withfood,therearemoreopportunitiestoconnecttomemoryandfamilyandplace.1、Foodasidentity.French,Mexican,Chinese,andItaliancuisineseachinvolvedozensofdistinctregionalfoods.Everysinglecultureandreligionusesfoodaspartoftheircelebrations.2、Everyseason,everyharvest,andeveryholidayhasitsownfood,andthisistrueinAmericaaswell.3、Sometimesfoodmeanslivingon.WhiletheChinesecookswhoexported“Chinese”foodaroundtheworldateauthenticcookingathome,thedishestheyserved,thuscreatingnewcuisinesentirely,werebasedoneconomicnecessity.Foodaspleasure.Thingshavechangeddramaticallyinthepast20yearswhenitcomestofoodinFrance.SomeoftheideasofFrenchfoodlifemaybeaperformance.Franceisthispastoralnationwherepeoplearespendingfivehoursadaygoingto12differentmarketstogettheirfood.4、Foodasstatus.TheintroductionofglobalfoodsandbrandshascompoundedfoodasastatussymbolforsomeChinese.5、InChina,peopleeatfoodnotnecessarilyfortaste,butfortexture.YoucanfindfoodfromalloftheprovincesofChinainShanghai,aswellaseverykindofglobalfoodstyleimaginable.A．Foodassurvival.B．Foodascommunity.C．It’sthehardesttogiveup.D．Thecelebratorynatureoffoodisuniversal.E.Itisanaccumulation,afunctionofyourexperiencesF.Howandwhyyoueatyourfood,is,ofcourse,alsoverycultural.G.ButfoodinItalyislove,thennutrition,thenhistory,thenpleasure.Astrongmemorydependsonthehealthandvitality（活力）ofyourbrain.Theysaythatyoucan’tteachanolddognewtricks,butwhenitcomestothebrain,scientistshavediscoveredthatthisoldsayingsimplyisn’ttrue.