Unit4知識點講解及練習牛津譯林版英語九年級上學期

9AUnit4Growingup知識點梳理詞性轉換lead領導(v./n.)→leader領導者(n.)simple簡單的(adj.)→simply簡單地，僅僅(adv.)nation國家，民族(n.)→national國家的(adj.)success成功(n.)→successful成功的(adj.)successfully成功地(adv.)succeed成功(vi.)achieve實現(xiàn)，達成(vt.)→achievement成就(n.)survive幸存(vt.)→survivor幸存者(n.)usual尋常的(adj.)→unusual不同尋常的(adj.)die死亡(vi.)→dead死亡的(adj.)dying臨死的(adj.)death死亡(n.)短語、句型歸納What’sonyourmind?你有什么心事？onone’smind掛在心上，惦念inone’smind在某人看來makeupone’smind下定決心changeone’smind改變主意2.Growingupishard!長大真難啊！3.What’sup?=What’sthematter?=What’swrong?怎么了？4.buildanotheroneforyourself為你自己建造另一個（房屋）buildsth.forsb.為某人建造某物Don’twakemeupuntilyoufinishbuildingit.直到你造完（房屋）再叫醒我。finishdoingsth.完成做某事6.allowmetolearnaboutpeopleindifferenttimesandplaces使我能了解不同時期和地方的人allowdoingsth.允許做某事7.readthemwheneverIwantto無論何時我想讀就讀他們8.learnabouttheworldthroughtheInternet通過因特網了解世界9.Assoonasyouclickthemouse,there’sagreatdealofinformation.你一點擊鼠標，就會有大量信息。Whileattendingjuniorhigh,Spudtriedoutfortheschoolteam.當他在上初級中學時，斯巴德參加了校隊的選拔。注意：此句中的whileattending之間省略了hewas，即while(hewas)attendingjuniorhigh，當主從句主語一致時，從句中的主語和它后面的be動詞可以一起省略11.tryoutfortheschoolteam參加校隊的選拔tryoutfor參加…的選拔12.Hewasrefusedtoplayatfirst.他一開始被拒絕打球。refusetodosth.拒絕做某事13.loseheart泄氣，灰心14.fromthenon從那時開始（過去時）fromnowon從現(xiàn)在開始（將來時）15.practiseevenharder練習得甚至更努力了16.getthecoachtochangehismind讓教練改變主意getsb.todosth.=make/let/havesb.dosth.讓某人做某事17.goontobeeleaderoftheteam繼續(xù)成為團隊的領導者注意：此處leader前沒有冠詞，當名詞表示某個范圍內唯一的頭銜或職位時，前面通常不用冠詞。18.simplybecause僅僅是因為19.leadhisteamtothenationalchampionship帶領他的球隊走向全國錦標賽leadsb.to…帶領某人走向…leadto導致20.bringsb.totheattentionof讓某人引起…的注意=notice21.asaresult結果22.succeedingettingascholarship成功獲得獎學金succeedindoingsth.=besuccessfulindoingsth.=dosth.successfully=havesuccessindoingsth.成功做某事23.beforcedtoplayinanotherbasketballleague被迫在另一個籃球協(xié)會打球forcesb.todosth.迫使某人做某事sb.beforcedtodosth.某人被迫做某事24.takenoticeofsb.留意某人，察覺某人注意：takenoticeof或notice強調“無意中察覺到”；payattentionto強調“有意地注意到”25.havemanygreatachievements有許多偉大的成就haveasenseofachievement有成就感26.throughhardwork通過艱苦的工作27.Heprovedthatsizeandbodydonotmatter.他證明了高矮胖瘦不重要。Youcandoalmostanythingifyounevergiveup.如果你永不放棄，你幾乎能做任何事。giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事29.Hedidn’tbeeseriousaboutbasketballuntilhewas12.他直到12歲才重視籃球。30.breakout（戰(zhàn)爭、疾病等）突然爆發(fā)（無被動）31.losetheirlivesduringthewar在戰(zhàn)爭期間失去他們的生命32.betranslatedintodifferentlanguages被翻譯成不同的語言33.arecordofthattime那個時代的記錄34.beeasymbolofthevictoryofthehumanspirit成為人類精神勝利的象征35.beforcedtomovetoanothercountry被迫搬到另一個國家36.Sheandhereldersisterdiedofillness.她和她姐姐死于疾病。dieof…死于自身原因（疾病，饑餓等）diefrom...死于外部原因（自然災害等）37.havethediarypublished請人出版日記havesth.done請人做某事（不是自己做）注意區(qū)別：havesb.dosth.=make/letsb.dosth.=getsb.todosth.使某人做某事38.writedownherthoughts,herfeelings,herhopesandherdreamsforthefuture寫下她的想法、她的感受、她的希望和她對未來的夢想39.admirethesechildrenfortheircourage佩服這些孩子的勇氣admiresb.forsth.由于…而佩服某人havecouragetodosth.有勇氣做某事40.It’sapitythattheycouldn’tenjoyahappylifejustaswedo.遺憾的是，他們不能像我們一樣享受快樂的生活41.liveinpeace生活在和平中42.liveinfearofone’slife生活在對生命安全的恐懼之中infearof...害怕...dosth.infear害怕地做某事lookateachotherinfear驚恐地看著對方43.beawayfromtheoutsideworld脫離外面的世界44.thepersonwhohasinfluencedmemost對我影響最大的人45.inone’sfifties在某人五十多歲時attheageoffifty在五十歲時46.carefor=takecareof=lookafter照顧careabout關心，在乎47.donatebloodcellstopeoplewithbloodcancer捐獻血細胞給患血癌的人48.toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝的是49.donateone’sbodyformedicalresearchafterone’sdeath去世后捐獻遺體供醫(yī)學研究語法歸納時間狀語從句常用when,while,as,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas,whenever等連詞來引導。注意時態(tài)規(guī)則：主將從現(xiàn)，主過從過。when,while,as都可以理解為“當......時候”，但也有具體差別：when可長可短，while后只可長，主從都長用while，一邊一邊找as。when既可指時間點，也可指時間段。while只能指時間段。從句中的謂語必須是表示延續(xù)性動作或狀態(tài)的動詞。I'lltakecareofyourchildrenwhileyouareaway.你離開時我將照顧你的孩子們。（此處不能用leave，因為leave是短動詞）Don'tgetonoroffthebuswhileitismoving.當公交車行駛時，不要上下車。(b)as著重指從句與主句的動作伴隨發(fā)生，可譯成“一邊...一邊...”，“隨著...”。Wetooknotesaswelistenedtotheteacher.我們一邊聽老師講課，一邊記筆記。Astimewentby,thecitybecamestrongerandstronger.隨著時間的流逝，這個城市變得越來越強大。since引導的時間狀語從句表示“自從……以來”，其用法主要有兩種：主句（現(xiàn)完）＋since＋從句（一般過去）Theoldmanhaslivedinthevillagesincehecameheretwentyyearsago.這位老人自從二十年前來到這里，就住在這個村莊里。Itis/hasbeen＋時間段＋since＋從句（一般過去）Itis/hasbeentwentyyearssincetheoldmancamehere.自從這位老人來到這里已經有二十年了?？隙ǎ?..V長動詞...till/until..直到...時否定：not...V短動詞...until...直到...才...Let’swaituntiltherainstops.讓我們等著，直到雨停。Wewon’tleaveuntilhees.直到他來，我們才會離開。4.assoonas…一…就…主將從現(xiàn)，主過從過Hewillcallyouassoonashearrives.他一到就會打給你。5.whenever無論什么時候，每當Wheneveryouwanttogiveup,tellyourselfnottoloseheart.每當你想要放棄的時候，告訴你自己不要灰心。ewheneveryoulike.你無論什么時候想來就來。【知識點】icstrip&Weletotheunit知識點1、What’sonyourmind,Eddie?onone’smind（有事）掛在心上；煩惱。What'sonhismind?轉成賓語從句：Iwonderedwhatwasonhismind.Iwonderedwhatwaswrongwithhim.Iwonderedwhatwasthematter/troublewithhim.Iwonderedwhichwasthewaytotheyourheart.(賓語從句不改變語序的句式)知識點2、Don’twakemeupuntilyoufinishbuildingit.1)not...until直到......才......（引導時間狀語從句，從句不能用將來時）主句是一般將來時，從句用現(xiàn)在時主句是祈使句，從句用現(xiàn)在時主句是過去時，從句時態(tài)一致e.g.Iwon’tgotobeduntilIfinishmyhomework.2)wakesb.up叫醒某人，人稱代詞放中間；adj:awake醒著的3)finishdoingsth.結束做某事知識點3、There’sagreatdealofinformation.有大量的信息?？键c1:agreatdealof…=much修飾不可數(shù)名詞agreatnumberof…=many修飾可數(shù)名詞alotof=lotsof=plentyof…（修飾可數(shù)+不可數(shù)）考點2:agreatdeal放在動詞后talkagreatdeal=talkalotdealvi．處理，對付(deal—dealt—dealt)練習：e.g.Heowns_______booksinhispersonallibrary.A.plentyofB.verymanyC.agreatdealofD.abitofe.g.Heisamanwith______experienceandwecanlearn______fromhim.A.agreatdealof,agreatdealB.agreatdeal,agreatdealofC.agreatnumberof,agreatdealD.lotof,agreatdeale.g.Therearemistakesinyourhomework.Canyoufindthembyyourself.A.agreatdealofB.muchC.manyD.lotofe.g.Hehasspent______moneyonhisnewhouse.A.lotof B.agreatdealofC.agreatmany D.alargenumberofReading知識點1、While(hewas)attendingjuniorhigh,Spudtriedoutfortheschoolteam.在就讀初中時，Spud報名參加校隊。①while/when+doingsth.當做某事的時候【when/while引導時間狀語】【區(qū)分】Idon’tknowwhentogothere.【when引導不定式作賓語】=Idon’tknowwhenIwillgothere.【when引導賓語從句】(2)tryoutforsth.參加……選拔知識點2、Hedidnotloseheart.loseheart泄氣，灰心e.g.Whenyoufail,youshouldneverloseheart.當你失敗時，不應該喪失信心。考點1:putone'sheartinto…全心全意做…考點2:heartdisease/hearttrouble心臟病拓展loseface丟面子:丟臉

loseinterest.....失去興趣

loseone'sjob失業(yè)

loseone'slife

失去生命

loseone'sway迷路

loseweight減肥知識點3、Hepractisedevenharderandgotthecoachtochangehismind.getthecoachtochangehismind讓教練改變了他的想法★①getsb.todosth.=make/have/letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事★②changeone’smind/idea改變某人的主意知識點4.goontobeeleaderoftheteam接著/繼續(xù)成為了球隊的隊長★①goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做同一件事=continuedoingsth.=continuetodosth.=goonwithsth.★②goontodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件不同的事As(lead)ofthegroup,Andyworkswellwitheverymember.SpudWebbbecame__________leaderoftentheteaminseniorhighand__________NBAplayerin1985.A.the;a B./;a C.the;an D./,an知識點5.benamedPlayeroftheYear被命名為年度最佳球員nameafter……以……的名字命名Eg:TheschoolwasnamedafteraherointheWorldWarII.知識點6.leadhisteamtothenationalchampionship帶領他的隊伍走向了全國冠軍錦標賽leadv.領導，帶領考點1:Heledablindmanacrossthestreet. 引導盲人過馬路HeledhisteamtotheNationalChampionship.他帶領他的隊伍進入了國家錦標賽。Sheleadsahappylife.過著幸福的生活考點2:n.領先Youeithertaketheleadorfallbehind.考點3:leadledledleadleadersleader'slenders'考點4:leadtosth導致……Carelessnessleadstofailure.Hardworkleadstosuccess.考點5:n.主角,扮演主角的演員male/femalelead男/女主角playtheleadroleof…扮演…的主角知識點7.Asaresult,hesucceededingettingascholarship.結果，他成功地獲得了獎學金。★①asaresult結果，所以；asaresultof……由于……的結果★②succeedin(doing)sth.成功(做)某事=besuccessfulin(doing)sth.=dosth.successfully=havesuccessin(doing)sth.=managetodosth③success n.成功 beasuccess=besuccessful具體的事情可數(shù) Hershowwasagreatsuccess.統(tǒng)指 不可數(shù) hopeforsuccessConfidenceisthekeytosuccess.信心是成功的關鍵?！铫躥ailtodosth.做某事失敗考點1:succeedindoingsth成功地做某事考點2:havesuccessindoingsth=besuccessfulindoingsth=dosthsuccessfullyThe

art

museum

______________

(成功）in

displaying

the

new

paintings.

知識點8.simplyadv.僅僅,簡直simplesimply 【拓展】fortable(adj.)→fortably(adv.);possible(adj.)→possibly(adv.)知識點9、Althoughhewasagreatplayeratuniversity…althoughconj.盡管，雖然讓步狀語從句，不能和but連用，可以和yet連用—HasNateRobinsoneverwontheSlamDunkContest?—Yes.Hewonitin2006,2009and2010,heisasshortas1.75meters. A.as B.sinceC.however D.although__________heisverytired,__________hestillkeepsondoingthework.A.But;/ B.Although;but C.But;although D.Although;/知識點10、Afterhegraduated,hewasforcedtoplayinanotherbasketballleague.forcevt.強迫，迫使forcesb.todosth.強迫某人做某事被動語態(tài)：e.g.Don’tforcethechildtoplaythepiano.不要強迫這個孩子學習彈鋼琴。Theywereforcedtoleavetheirhometown.他們被迫離開了家鄉(xiāng)。（）MygrandfatherusedtobuildrailwaysfortheJapanesearmywhenhewasyoung．Hewas____toworkhardfrommorningtillnight．A.invitedB、encouragedC、allowedD、forced知識點11、HeremainedthereforaboutayearbeforetheNBAtooknoticeofhim.(1)remain=stay逗留vi.e.g.WewillremaininShanghaifortendays.我們要在上海逗留10天。(2)remain=keep保持remain+adj./doingremainsilent保持沉默e.g.Don’tremainstandingthere.不要一直站在那。(3)takenoticeof注意，察覺=notice…e.g.Don’ttakeanynoticeofwhatyoureadinthepapers.別在意你在報上看到的東西?？键c1:bringsbtothenoticeof…知識點12、Throughhardwork,SpudWebbprovedthatsizeandbodytypedoesnotmatter—youcandoalmostanythingifyounevergiveup.①throughhardwork通過努力的工作=byworkinghard②prove用法：作"證明;證實"解時,用法如下:(1)prove+(sth.)+to+(sb.)?????Canyouproveyouropiniontous?你能向我們證實你的觀點嗎???????(3)prove+賓語+賓語補足語???Theyprovedthemselveswiseandbrave.他們證實自己機智的和勇敢的.(4)prove+賓語從句???CanyouprovewhereyouwereonMay10th?你能證明五月十日你在什么地方嗎?????③matterv.要緊,有重大影響英文釋義:beimportante.g.Thejobmattersmoretohimthananythingelse.對他來說，這份工作比其他什么都重要?？键c1:Itdoesn'tmatter.沒關系,不要緊.回答sorry考點2:Healwaysstayscalmnomatterwhathappens.無論發(fā)生什么,他總是保持鎮(zhèn)靜?！緦ｍ椌毩暋?、詞匯填空1.His_______（勇氣）makeseverybodyfeelsurprised.2.Theyoungliketolearntheworld_______（通過）theInternet.3.Sofar,we’ve______(成功)insavingthousandsofpeopleindanger.4．Weshouldn'trunawayfromtheproblems,butfacethem_______(勇敢地)andtrytosolvethem.5.AlltheAsiansareproudofLiNa’schallenging______(精神).6.Booksallowmetolearnaboutpeopleindifferent______(時期）andplaces.7.Theputerisusedto______(記錄）theticketswhichwebuy.8.—IheardJackwaspunishedbyourschool.Isthattrue?—Yes,it’strue.Hedidsomething________ourschoolrules.9.—I’mafraidyourgrandma’slifebecamereallyhardafteryourgrandpa’s ______.—Yes,shewassosadthatsherefusedtoseeanyone.10.Dannyisalwaysc_______others'homework,whichoftenmakeshimfailinexams.2、單項選擇()1.—What______coldweatheritisinHarbin!—Yes.It’s______unusualexperienceforusbecauseweliveinahotplace.A./;a B.a;a C./;an D.a;an()2.—Wouldyoumindtellingmesomethingaboutthetwo_____?—______.TheyareexchangestudentsfromEngland.A.Frenchmen;Ofcourse B.Frenchmans;That’sallrightC.Germans;Notatall D.German;Allright()3.Theshowhepaidmuchattentionto______successfulatlast. A.proved B.prove C.proving D.proves ()4.—What’sthematter______him?—Heisworryingabouthisjob.Thejob______more_____himthananythingelseA.with;matters;with B.with;matters;toC.to;matter;with D.to;matter;to()5.Thesongremindedmeoftheoldgoldendaysassoonasit_______. A.played B.plays C.isplayed D.wasplaye()6.You______etotheofficetoday______someoneelsewilldotheworkforyou. A.needn’t;so B.needn’t;sinceC.dontneedto;so D.don’tneed;since()7.Pleasedon’tstandupinclassuntilyou______.A.aretold B.willbetold C.willtell D.aretoldto( )8. ________mysurprise,________ofuswasgivenapresentattheparty. A.To;everyone B.With;everyoneC.To;everyone D.With;everyone( )9.Weare______thepeopleinneedarehelpedintime.A.proudto B.prideof C.proudof D.proudthat()10.Johnworkedsowellinastronomy(天文學)thatpeople______astarafterhim.A.names B.arenamed C.werenamed D.namedGrammar知識點1、Theycanbeplacedatthebeginningorinthemiddleofsentences.(P.54)atthebeginningof在……之初“attheendof在……末尾/盡頭知識點2.Beforeandaftercanalsobeusedasprepositionsoftime.(P.54)beusedas被用作【拓展】常見的used短語beusedtodosth.被用來做某事beusedfordoingsth.被用來做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.習慣做某事知識點3....hedidn’tbeeseriousaboutbasketballuntil/tillhewas12.(P.56)bee/beseriousabout認真對待+后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞。例如：YouknowthatIcouldnotbeeseriousaboutsuchaman.中考常見的adj.+about短語：becuriousaboutbeworriedaboutbeanxiousaboutbeangryabout知識點4.Thebestmomentishiscareerwasin2004—hescored41pointsinagameagainsttheAtlantaHawks.(P.56)againstprep.對抗;與....相反;違反反義詞為for支持;擁護e.g.Weareplayingagainsttheleaguechampionsnextweek.下周我們要和聯(lián)賽冠軍隊比賽。Wewererowingagainstthecurrent.我們正劃船逆流而上。Areyoufororagainsttheproposal?你支持還是反對這個建議?拓展against的其他常見用法對....不利Theevidenceisagainsthim.證據(jù)對他不利。緊靠;倚;碰;撞Putthepianothere,againstthewall.把鋼琴放在那兒,緊靠著墻。以防Theytookactionsagainstfire.他們采取了防火措施。知識點5.WhenYaoMingwaslivingintheUSA,hereturnedtoChinawheneverhewasneeded.(P.56)returnvi.“回歸、返回”，=go/ebacktoreturnto+地點，返回某地AnnwillvisityouwhenshereturnstoLondon.returnvt.“歸還”=giveback。YoushouldreturnthepianotoDickontime.【專項練習】例題1、單項選擇()1.—Didyouwatchthefootballmatchlastnight?—Yes,Idid.Itwas______,andIenjoyeditverymuch.A.alive B.live C.living D.lively()2.

the

little

girl

was

hit

by

a

truck,

nobody

gave

a

hand

to

the

girl

______

an

old

lady

appeared.

Why

were

they

so

coldhearted?A.

When;while

B.

Before;

untilC.

After;until

D.

As;while()3._______they_______,theirclassmateswereallintheclassroom.A.Before;werearguingB.When;arearguingC.While;werearguingD.While;arearguing()4.—Excuseme.Isitmyturnnow?—Notyet.Pleasewaitonthechair_______yournameiscalled.A.and B.until C.althoughD.since()5.—Icanhardlybelievemyeyes.Isthatyou,Lucy?—Yes.Ithasbeenalmost20years_______weweretogether.A.since B.before C.after D.until()6.—Whenwillyoureturnthebooktome?—I'llgiveittoyou_______Ifinishit.A.once B.until C.assoonasD.unless()7.Nothingcanbedone______hereturns.A.as B.after C.while D.until()8.—Howlongdoyouthinkit’llbe______Icangobacktoschool?—Well,youwillbefeelingmuchbetterbynextweekend.A.before B.when C. since D. after()9.Look!Somepeoplearerunningtheredlights.Weshouldwaitothersarebreakingtherule.although B.if C.unless D.because10.Istillkeeptakingexerciseeveryday______Iambusywithsomanysubjects.A.until B.unless C.because D.although11.MyEnglishusedtobeverypoor.______Iwantedtogiveup,Dadwouldencouragemetoworkharder.A.However B.Whatever C.Whenever D.Wherever12.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.While B.Since D.With13.Chinadoesn’thaveastrongfootballteam.MaybeitwillbehundredsofyearstheChineseteamwinstheWorldCup. A.before B.sinceC.after D.whenIntegratedskills知識點1、WorldWarIIbrokeoutinEuropeom1939andendedin1945.(P.57)考點1:breakbrokebroken考點2:breakthelaw犯法breakinto… 闖入、破門而入breakout 發(fā)生，爆發(fā)（無被動）breakdown 出故障，崩潰（無被動）breaktheworldrecord 打破世界紀錄考點3:n.休息Afterashortbreak,theplaycontinued.知識點2、Itwasarecordofthattime,andithasalsobeeasymbolofthevictoryofthehumanspirit.(P.57)=1\*GB3①recordn.&v.記錄keeparecordofKeeparecordofeverythingyouspend.=2\*GB3②symboln.象征asymbolof……的象征、……的標志[來源:學&科&網]知識點3.Anneandhereldersisterdiedofillness.(P.57)考點1:dieofillness死于疾病dieofhunger死于饑餓 （死于內因）diefromawar/theearthquake死于戰(zhàn)爭/地震 （死于外因）例如：Theoldmandiedoflungcancer.Theworkerdiedofillness.Alotofpeoplediedfromtheearthquake.Thatsoldierdiedfromthecrash.考點2:deadadj.死了的 dyingadj.快要死的death n.死亡 thedeathof…/hisdeath1.（）Unluckily，thefamousposer______cancer______25．A、diedfrom，whenhewasB、diedof，attheageofC、diedout，attheageofD、diedaway，whenheis2.—DoyouknowthatMrZhangpassed______lastweek?—Yes.Hedied______illness.A.to;from B.on;from C.away;of D.by;of知識點4、herfatherhadherdiarypublished.(P.57)havesth.done意為“使某事被做”，過去分詞表示被動，和have的賓語構成被動關系。例如：haveyourhaircuthavemycarrepaired知識點5、Duringthatdifficulttime,AnnekeptwritinginherdiaryuntiltheywerediscoveredbytheNazisinAugust1944.(P.58)keep(on)doingsth.意為“一直不斷做某事”?！就卣埂縦eep的其它用法keepsb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事Noonecankeeptheoldmanfromsmoking.知識點6、ThebookofASmallFreeKissintheDarkisalsoaboutayounghomelessboyandhowhesurvivedthewarwithhisfriends.(P.58)=1\*GB3①homelessadj.無家可歸的less是一個形容詞后綴，“無……、沒有……”。=2\*GB3②survivevi.“幸存、幸免”survivorn.幸存者survivorssurvivor's/s'例如：Onlytwopassengerssurvivedtheaircrash.知識點7、Althoughweliveinpeace,somechildreninotherpartsoftheworldstillliveinfearoftheirlives.(P.58)=1\*GB3①inpeace意為“平靜地、安靜地”。例如：Hediedinpeace.=passawaypeacefully安詳?shù)厝ナ繪etusforgiveeachother;onlythenwillweliveinpeace.=2\*GB3②infearof意為“擔憂、害怕”。Manypeopleintheworldarelivinginfearoftheirlives.Studyskills知識點1、Inthisbook,Anne,aJewishgirl,describesherboredomwithbeingawayfromtheoutsideworld,heunhappinesswithlivinginasmallplaceallyear,andherfearofdiscoveryanddeath.(P.59)=1\*GB3①describevt.描述n.description例如：Wordscannotdescribeherbeauty.②boredomvi.無聊;厭倦;厭煩e.g.Televisionhelpstorelievetheboredomofthelongwinterevenings.電視有助于打發(fā)漫長冬夜的無聊。拓展：boredom是由“動詞bore(使厭煩)+名詞后綴dom(表示狀況或領域等)”構成的名詞。與其有相同后級的詞還有freedom(自由),wisdom(聰明),kingdom(王國)等。【專項練習】例題1、單項選擇()1. Heathometowhenhewasyoung.prefersstaying;goingout B.preferredstaying;goingoutC.preferredtostay;goout D.preferstostay;togoout()2. Benwashelpinghismotherwhentherainbegantobeatheavilythewindow.below B.across C.behind D.against()3. Theboyspendsatleastasmuchtimereadingashe.writes B.iswriting C.doestowrite D.doeswriting()4. Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimesinthelastcenturyandlittleoftheoriginalbuildingsnow.remains B.isremained C.isremaining D.hasbeenremained()5. NowadayswecanlearnagreatdealabouttheworldnotonlybooksbutalsotheInternet.in;on B.in;through C.from;through D.through;from()7. Myfatherservedinthearmyinwhenhewasin.1950s;twenties B.the1950s;histwentiesC.the1950s;thetwenties D.1950s;histwenties()8. Howmanygirlsarethereinourclassroom?.ThestudentsarehavingPElessons.Thereisintheclassroom.Noone;nobody B.None;nobody C.None;none D.Nobody;none9.TheChinesewomen’svolleyballteambroughttheirfighting______tothecourtandfinallywonthegoldmedalat2019FIVBVolleyballWomen’sWorldCup.A.stress B.symbol C.spirit D.energy10.—Badluck!Onmywayhome,Ihadmywatch______.—I’msorrytohearthat.Maybeyouwillhavenochoicebut______anotherone.A.stolen;buy B.stolen;tobuy C.stole;buy D.stole;tobuy11.—Ahugefire______inthefamousNotreDameCathedralonApril15th,2019.—Whatapity!Ithasalonghistoryofeighthundredyears.A.ranout B.brokeout C.turnedout D.carriedout例題2、所給詞的適當形式填空Mr.Bushboughtthehouse(simple)becauseitwasverylarge.Haveyouhadyourbicycle(repair)?Inthediary,wecanwritedownour(think),feelings,hopesandsoon.ThenovelFrogs(write)byMoYanhasbeenverypopularnow.It’s(usual)forafouryearoldboytowritepoemssowell.Wheneverhehassomemoney(leave),healwaysgivesittosomeoneinneed.Thoseforeignersare(Germany).TheyetovisitChina.ShenzhouVIIhasbeen(success)setupintothespace.ZhouEnlaidevotedmostofhistimehehadto(work)forourcountryandpeople.10.The

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例題3、閱讀理解Sophie,a14yearoldBritishgirl,suddenlychangedherbehaviorinclass.Shelostinterestinstudiesandwouldsitinthecornerwithherheaddown.EthanMiller,oneofSophie’steachers,discoveredthereason:shehadbeenbullied(欺凌)online.Sophiewasreceivingabusive(辱罵的)messagesonherphoneandonFacebook.MillersharedSophie’sstoryontheofficialwebsiteofTheChildren’sSociety,achildren’scharityintheUnitedKingdom.Sophiewasnotalone.Oneinthreeyoungpeoplein30countries,saidtheyhavebeenvictimsofonlinebullying.Twentypercentofthosebulliedstudents,reportedskippingschoolbecauseofit.Thestudysurveyedmorethan170000youngpeopleaged1324fromcountriesinEurope,Asia,AfricaandSouthAmerica.Threequartersofthosesurveyedsaidsocialmedia,likeFacebookandTwitter,arethemostmonplacesforonlinebullyingwhichincludesthreateningandhumiliating(羞辱性的)messages,mentsandimages.“Thenewgenerationwasborninadigitalworldofconstantconnection,butthereareclearrisksforyoungpeopleaswellasbenefits,anditissurprisingthatonlinebullyingtroublesmanyyoungpeoplemorethananythingelse,”saidAndrewDunnett,thedirectoroftheVodafoneFoundation,aUKcharity.Meanwhile,onlinebullyingcouldhaveseriousresultsforyoungpeople.Forexample,itmakesyoungpeoplemorethantwiceaslikelytoselfharm,accordingtoa2018studybytheUniversityofOxford,theUK.Theresearchalsofoundthat,youngpeoplewhosufferedfromonlinebullying,werelesslikelytoaskforhelpthanthosevictimsbytraditionalways.Todealwiththeproblem,UNICEFhascalledfornationalhelplinestosupportthoseaffected,alongwithtrainingforteachersandparentstopreventanddealwithonlinebullying.“Improvingyoungpeople’seducationexperiencemeansexplainingtheenvironmenttheyexperienceonlineaswellasoffline,”saidHenriettaFore,UNICEF’SExecutiveDirector,1.WhofoundthereasonwhySophiechangedherbehavior?A,EthanMiller, B,AndrewDunnett, C,HenriettaFore, D.Sophieherself,d2.OnlinebullyingincludesthefollowingactivitiesEXCEPT______.A.deliveringthreateningimages B.givingsincerelikes C.publishinghumiliatingments D.sendinghumiliatingmessages3.Wecanreadthearticlefrom______.A.astorybook B.asciencebook C.amedicalmagazine D.a,teenagemagazine4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Twentypercentofyoungpeople,in30countries,arevictimsofonlinebullying.B.Weshouldexplaintheenvironmenttheyoungexperienceeitheronlineoroffline.C.UNICEFhasmaderulestohelpthoseonlinebullyingvictimssolvetheproblem.D.Victimsbytraditionalwaysaremorelikelytoaskforhelpthanonlinebullyingvictims.例題4、首字母填空Whenyou’revery,veryafraidofsomething,thatfearcanaffect(影響)youandhowyouliveyourlife.WhenIwasyounger,Isawmycousinf___1___ontoanants’nest.Theantsattacked(攻擊)him,andhewascoveredinterriblebites(咬).AfterthatIbecameverys___2___ofants.Iwouldn’teatoutside,andIdidn’tevenliketoplayoutside.Ic___3___mybedforantseverynight.ButwhenIt___4___thirteen,IdecidedIcouldn’tletmyfeargettome.Ihadtolearntocontrolmyfearofants.FirstIreadalotaboutdifferentants.Ididn’tfocusonbites,butinsteadIreadabouthowhelpfulantsaretothep___5___.Antsarereallycool!They’rehardworking,social,andorganized.Theyhelpb___6___airandnutrients(營養(yǎng)物)totheearth.Theyhelpplantsgrow,c___7___updecaying(腐爛的)matter,andhelpcontrolotherinsects.NextIbegantow___8___antsfromasafedistance.IstartedtolookatafamilyofantsinrealtimeontheInternetinordertolearnhowtheylive.Littlebylittle,Ifeltmorec___9___aboutants.FinallyIwentoutsideonedayandletanantmoveontomyhandandt___10___itgently.Itwasokay!NowthatIknowaboutallthegoodthingsantsdo,I’mnotsoafraidofthemanymore.例題5、任務型閱讀Manypeopleoftenlosetheirchancetolivelifetothefullestbecauseofprocrastination(延遲,拖延),whichmeansthattheyalwaysdelay(使延遲)doingsomethingthatmustbedoneatonce.Moreover,becausetheyoftenputofftheirplanstill“tomorrow”,theyarelesslikelytoachievetheirgoalsandwillgiveuptheirdreamsandgoalsfinally.Nowthatweknowprocrastinationissomethingbad,whydosomepeoplenottakeactionatonce?Dependingo