高中英語(yǔ)選修六虛擬語(yǔ)氣課件

如果我有一千萬(wàn)，我就能買一棟房子我有一千萬(wàn)嗎？沒有。所以我仍然沒有房子。

如果我有翅膀，我就能飛。我有翅膀嗎？沒有。所以我也沒辦法飛。

如果把整個(gè)太平洋的水倒出，也澆不息我對(duì)你愛情的火整個(gè)太平洋的水全部倒得出嗎？不行。所以我并不愛你。第一頁(yè)第二頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣(theSubjunctiveMood)表示說話人所說的不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望或推測(cè)。第二頁(yè)第三頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。1.theSubjunctiveMoodusedinIfClauses；2.inversionusedinIfClauses

；3.theSubjunctiveMoodusedintheNounClauses；4.someotherformsoftheSubjunctiveMood；5.theSubjunctiveMoodandtheIndicativeMood.TestPoints第三頁(yè)第四頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的解題思路1.依據(jù)情境，判定虛擬2.抓住信息詞，確定虛擬類別3.依據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)，確定虛擬句的動(dòng)詞形式

Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.A.drove…didn’tgetB.haddriven…wouldn’thavegotC.drove…wouldn’tgetD.weredriving…wouldn’tget第四頁(yè)第五頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。一、掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣的四種主要形式（1）條件從句+主句（2）名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣（3）wish,asif,ifonly及wouldrather的虛擬形式（4）Itistimethat的虛擬形式二、注意虛擬語(yǔ)氣的三種活用現(xiàn)象（1）含蓄條件句（2）時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜句（3）虛實(shí)錯(cuò)綜句第五頁(yè)第六頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣

the

SubjunctiveMood時(shí)間if條件從句主句過去現(xiàn)在將來(lái)haddone

would/should/could/mighthavedonedid/were

1.shoulddo2.weretodo3.did would/should/could/mightdo第六頁(yè)第七頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。1.如果我有一百萬(wàn)美元，我會(huì)買下這架飛機(jī)。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.2.要是你離開的早一點(diǎn),你就會(huì)趕上公共汽車了.Ifyouhadleftearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.3.如果他明天來(lái)的話,我會(huì)告訴他這件事。(事實(shí)是明天他不會(huì)來(lái)）

Ifhecame/weretocome/shouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.第七頁(yè)第八頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。條件狀語(yǔ)的倒裝：如果從句中有were,had,should時(shí),可以倒裝成：Were/Had/Should+主+其他（if省略）Were

Iyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientsahug.

Had

hebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.

Should

itsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.

IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientsahug.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.第八頁(yè)第九頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。1.Therice______ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburning B.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothaveburnt D.wouldnotburnt2.Ifmylawyer____herelastSaturday,he______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented3.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe______shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcome C.cameD.hadcome4.______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.Ifitisnot B.WereitnotC.Haditnotbeen D.Iftheyhavenot5.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you______sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot第九頁(yè)第十頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。6.Ifshehadworkedharder,she______.A.wouldsucceed B.hadsucceededC.shouldsucceed D.wouldhavesucceed7.—Ifhe______,he______thatfood.—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken8.Ifit______tomorrow,theywouldnotgotherebybike.A.willrainB.rains C.wouldrainD.shouldrain9.______itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.Should C.WouldD.Will10.IfI______you,Iwouldnotdoit.A.amB.were C.shallbeD.being第十頁(yè)第十一頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。Iproposethatwe(should)setadeadlineforhandingintheplans.Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.Iinsistedthatwe(should)decidewhattodowithhim.虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式：(should)+動(dòng)詞原形注意:當(dāng)suggest作“暗示、表明”解時(shí);insist表示“堅(jiān)持說、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”解時(shí)不用虛擬！1)HisaccentsuggestshecomesfromHunan.2)Heinsistedthathedidn’tstealthemoneyandthattheteacher(should)apologizetohim.1.動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)從句一個(gè)堅(jiān)持;兩個(gè)：insist命令：order,command;三個(gè)建議：suggest,propose,advise;四個(gè)要求：desire,demand,ask,require第十一頁(yè)第十二頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。4.order等+be+表語(yǔ)從句

5.order等+同位語(yǔ)從句

上述結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea,command,request等。Itisbetterthathe(should)setoffatonce.Itisimportantthateverybody(should)betoldallthefacts.2.Itis(was)+上述動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+that主語(yǔ)從句3.Itis(was)+important/necessary/better/strange/surprising/natural/possible/apity/nowonder+that主語(yǔ)從句Itisdemandedthathe(should)leaveatonce.Itisrequestedthatshe(should)giveaperformanceattheparty.Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)befirsttogo.Hisonlyrequestisthatyou(should)givehimmoretime.Doyouknowtheorderthatyou(should)keepwatch?第十二頁(yè)第十三頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。1.Iinsistthatadoctor______immediately.A.hasbeensentforB.sendsforC.willbesentforD.besentfor2.Itissuggestedthatthejob______doneinanotherway.A.wasB.wastobeC.beD.mustbe3.Hehadanideathatwe______bybike.A.shallgoB.goC.wentD.wouldgo4.Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting______offtilltomorrow.A.toputB.beputC.shouldputD.beputting第十三頁(yè)第十四頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。5.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____free.A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.does;wouldbeset6.Itisnecessarythatyou______presentatthediscussion.A.willbeB.areC.shouldbeD.wouldbe7.Thebossgaveordersthatthework______atonce.A.willbestartedB.mustbestartedC.bestartedD.shouldstart8.Theguardthereinsistedthateverybody______therules.A.obeys B.obeyC.willobey D.wouldobey第十四頁(yè)第十五頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。

這幾個(gè)詞（詞組）表虛擬時(shí)，其后所用的虛擬形式與條件從句基本相同，即比陳述語(yǔ)氣中的時(shí)態(tài)后退一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。時(shí)間謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞虛擬語(yǔ)氣wish/asif/asthough/ifonly現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞過去式（be多用were）過去had+過去分詞將來(lái)would+動(dòng)詞原形/wouldrather動(dòng)詞過去式（be多用were）wish,asif以及ifonly的虛擬形式：退一步,海闊天空第十五頁(yè)第十六頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。wishdid(were)(現(xiàn)在)haddone/couldhavedone(表示對(duì)過去事情遺憾)(過去)woulddo(將來(lái))IwishIknewseveralforeignlanguages.HowIwishIhadtakenyouradivcethen.Iwishyouwouldvisitourschoolagain.IwishIcouldhavesleptlongereverymorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.第十六頁(yè)第十七頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。wouldrather(sooner/soon)did(were)(現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)）haddone（過去）I’dratheryouhadnotdonethat.Don’tcometomorrow.Iwouldratheryoucameagainthedayaftertomorrow.He’dratherhischildrendidnotmakesomuchnoise.第十七頁(yè)第十八頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。Hope,think,want,expect,plan,intend,suppose,mean...表示過去不曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望.haddonehopedtohavedone.Hefailedtheexamagainthoughweallhadexpectedhimpassit.IhadwantedtowritetoyouearlierbutIwastoobusythen.(Iwantedtohavewritten….)第十八頁(yè)第十九頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。asif

did(were)haddonewould+doHetalksasifhe______________Americabefore.(去過）Helooksasifhe__________ill.Hetalksasifhe_________tothemoonsomeday.(去過）hadbeentowerewouldgo第十九頁(yè)第二十頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。1.IwishI______youyesterday.A.seenB.didsee C.hadseenD.weretosee2.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit______.A.breaks B.hasbrokenC.werebroken D.hadbeenbroken3.I’dratherthatyou______thereyesterdayand______againnextweekend.A.went;shouldcome B.shouldgo;hadcomeC.hadgone;came D.go;come4.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey______friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbe C.havebeenD.hadbeen5.—Iblamedheryesterday.—Iwouldratheryou______that.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdone C.wouldn’tdoD.shouldn’tdo6.—Heisaverybraveman.—Yes.IwishI______hiscourage.A.have B.had C.willhaveD.wouldhave第二十頁(yè)第二十一頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。

Itistimethat的虛擬形式

Itistimethat…Itishightimethat…Itisabouttimethat…Itistime還可以有其他句型形式，需注意辨析：

Itistime(forsb.)todosth.Itisthefirsttimethat(從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))過去時(shí)should+V.It’sthefirsttime(that)Ihavehelpedmymotherdothehousework.第二十一頁(yè)第二十二頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。1.Itishightimeyou______thebus.A.hadcaught B.caughtC.willcatch D.catch2.It’sabouttimehe______todothework.A.begins B.willbeginC.begin D.began3.It’shightimethatwe___toschool.A.wouldgo B.wentC.go D.willgo4.Itistimewe___upourresults.A.sum B.summedC.willsum D.wouldsum第二十二頁(yè)第二十三頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。（一）、含蓄條件句含蓄條件句就是虛擬條件暗含在短語(yǔ)或上下文中。這時(shí)，必須根據(jù)句中表述的意義以及某些特定的信息詞如:without,butfor,otherwise

,suppose(supposing)等來(lái)判斷動(dòng)詞形式。1)Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.3)Suppose(supposing)yourfriendsknewhowyouarebehavinghere,what

would

theythink?2)Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.第二十三頁(yè)第二十四頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。用otherwise(or,orelse),though(although)等表示與上下文所指的情況不同,從而引出虛擬語(yǔ)氣.4)Thestormstopped,otherwisethesailorswouldhavefallenintothesea.5)Einsteinhadlittleconcernformoney,though(although)hecouldhavebeenaveryrichman.第二十四頁(yè)第二十五頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。1.Withoutelectricity,humanlife______quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe2.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she______somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaidWithoutelectricity=Iftherewerenoelectricity第二十五頁(yè)第二十六頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。注意主從句時(shí)間不一致情況下的虛擬語(yǔ)氣:時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜句(這時(shí)虛擬句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)具體時(shí)間加以調(diào)整)例如:

（二）、時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜句Ifyouhadworkedhardyesterday,youwouldbetirednow.1.Iftheflowerhadbeenwatered,it______now.A.wouldn’tdieB.isdeadC.hadbeendeadD.willnotdie2.Ifhistelevisionsethadnotbeenstolenyesterday,he______TVnow.A.wouldwatchB.wouldhavewatchedC.wouldbewatchingD.iswatching第二十六頁(yè)第二十七頁(yè)，共32頁(yè)。3.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_____inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelinda