中國文化概況A-Glimpse-of-Chinese-Culture(修訂版)Chapter-6

1AGLIMPSEOFCHINESECULTURE中國文化概況2Chapter6Sports3學習目標

了解中國傳統(tǒng)健身活動;

掌握奧運會的概況;

熟悉中國優(yōu)秀體育項目。41Lead-inActivity2SportsinChina3

Discussion&PresentationOverview5Lead-inActivityWatchthevideoclipandreporttotheclasswhatNingsaidafterhetookhistorictriumph.Watch&Think61Lead-inActivity2SportsinChina3

Discussion&PresentationOverview71TraditionalPhysicalCulture2TraditionalPhysicalActivities4Olympics&China5OutstandingSportsandathletesSportsinChina3NationalPhysicalFitnessanimportantpartofpopularculturebegantotakerealshapeinChinaduring

theQin,HanandThreeKingdomsperiods.SportingimageshavebeenrecordedovertheDynastiesinsepulchralmuralpaintings(壁畫),stonepaintings,brickpaintings,poems,etc.TraditionalPhysicalCultureSportsinAncientTimesequestrianpolo擊鞠popularinthepalace,thearmyandamongthemenoflitters(文人墨客)duringtheTangdynasty.TraditionalPhysicalCulturesopopularintheSongDynastythateveryonefromtheemperortoordinarypeopleparticipatedinit.cuju

蹴鞠Chuiwan捶丸IntheYuanDynasty,peoplelikeplayingagamecalledChuiwan,whichissimilartogolfasshowninthemuralHittingBalls.TraditionalPhysicalCultureBesidesballgames,wrestling,dancing,chessplaying,horseracingandotherformsofsportswerepartoftheancientpeople’sdailypastimes.EthnicMinoritySportsBecauseoftheiruniquelifestyles,ethnicminoritiesplaysportswiththeirowncharacteristics.Therearearound1,000kindsofethnicsports,includingsomewell-knownonessuchasMongolianwrestling,horsemanship(馬術(shù))andarchery;Tibetanyak(牦牛)racing;Zhuang

throwingofcoloredsilkballs(拋繡球);Koreanswingingandsee-sawingjumping(跳板),etc.Dragonboatracing,kiteflying,yangge(秧歌),weiqi,qigongandtaichichuanarealsotraditionalsportspopularamongbothHanpeopleandpeopleofethnicminorities.TraditionalPhysicalCultureTraditionalPhysicalCulture131TraditionalPhysicalCulture2TraditionalPhysicalActivities4Olympics&China5OutstandingSportsandathletesSportsinChina3NationalPhysicalFitnessMartialArtsThemostrepresentativeandtypicaltraditionalphysicalactivitiesinChinaThemeaningoftheterm“武術(shù)”usingmethodsandskillstostopmartialactionsandactivitiesorthemartialactivitiesbetweentwopeopleortwogroupswiththeweapons.ProvidepractitionerswitheleganceandstrengthAttractspeopleforvariousreasonsHavebeencreatedanddevelopedbytheChinesepeopleandareapreciousnationalculturallegacyTraditionalPhysicalActivities15TraditionalPhysicalActivitiesBoxingWeaponexercisesSparringexercisesActualcombatTeamworkCategoriesofChineseMartialArtsTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesBoxingWeaponexercisesActualcombatTeamworkSparringexercises17TraditionalPhysicalActivities

northernvs.southernstylesTheYellowRiveristheroughdemarcationline.thesouthernstyle:uttershoutsandcriesforceful.Thenorthernstyle:short,swiftandvigorousroutines

internalvs.externalstylesDependsonwhichpartsaretrainedanygoodmartialartsstylerequiresabalancedcombinationoftheinseparableinternalandexternalprinciplesStylesofChineseMartialArtstherepresentativeboxingstyleoflongboxingCharacterizedbysturdiness,fast

attacks,andcoordinatedforward

andbackwardmovesItsserialmovesaremostlyshortand

straight.TraditionalPhysicalActivitiesDistinguishedFormsofChineseMartialArtsShaolinBoxingTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesApopularschoolofmartialartsMarkedwithslowandgentlemovementsDesignedfordefense,strengtheningofphysiqueandpreventionofdiseasesThemindguidethebodythroughgraceful,gentleandfirmmovements.OriginatedinHenanprovinceandhaddevelopedmanydifferentschoolsTaiChiChuanTraditionalPhysicalActivitiesPracticedbytheChineseonaregularbasistokeepfit.“Qi”literallymeans“air”andimplies“l(fā)ifeforce”Thepurposeofqigongistocoordinatethehealthofthemindandbody.Twocategories：thequiescenttypethemobiletypeQigongSuperstarsofModernMartialArtscontributetotheChineseandevenAsianculturehaveopenedthedoorforpeopleofallracesandcultures,andarefollowedbycountlesspeopleinpursuingtheirkungfudreamsRepresentatives:BruceLee,JackieChanandJetLiareTraditionalPhysicalActivities221TraditionalPhysicalCulture2TraditionalPhysicalActivities4Olympics&China5OutstandingSportsandathletesSportsinChina3NationalPhysicalFitnessChinesepeoplenowadaysarepayingmoreandmoreattentiontofitness,andtheirlifestylehaschangedalot.gymnasiumsandstadiums,aswellasbody-buildingequipmentpeoplebegintoengageintheirownwaystokeepfit.NationalphysicalfitnessKiteFlyingatraditionalChinesepastimewithmillionsof

participantsacrossthenationTheWeifang(inShandongprovince)InternationalKiteFestivalattractstensofthousandsofparticipantsfromallovertheworld.NationalphysicalfitnessHorseracingessentialtothelifestyleofmanyethnicgroups.Thereareregionalvariationsandthetypesofcompetitionarediverse.Yanggeatraditionaldanceaccompaniedbyrhythmicfolkmusicorsinging,withthedancersdressedincostumesandholdingfansorhandkerchiefs.verypopularinmanyareasofnorthernChinaandamongthemiddle-agedandelderly.NationalphysicalfitnessTug-of-War(拔河)

atraditionalgameinwhichmanyethnicgroupsparticipatewithvigor.providesmuchentertaininghighlightandcausesconsiderablegood-naturedamusement.RopeSkipping(跳繩)afunsportforbothchildrenandadults.Withsimplyarope,peoplehaveinventedmanywaystoplayandcompete.NationalphysicalfitnessShuttlecockKicking(踢毽子)TherearemanyvariationsintermsofstylesandmethodsofkickingNotonlybringsalotoffun,butalsoprovidesvigorousphysicalexerciseconvenienttoplayandcanbepractisedanywhereandanytime.271TraditionalPhysicalCulture2TraditionalPhysicalActivities4Olympics&China5OutstandingSportsandathletesSportsinChina3NationalPhysicalFitnessAbouttheOlympicsaninternationalsportcompetition,heldeveryfouryears.TheOlympicmotto:faster,higher,stronger.OriginatedinancientGreecebetween776BCand393ADRevivedinmoderntimesthankstotheworkofFrencheducatorandthinkerPierredeCoubertin.ThefirstmodernOlympicGameswereheldinAthensin1896.TheOlympicGamesandChinaTheOlympicsandChinaChinawasinvitedforthefirsttimein1932TheonlyChineseparticipantatthoseGameswasLiuChangchun,whoenteredthe100mand200mracebutwaseliminated(淘汰)inthefirstround.ThefirstgoldmedalwinnerinChineseOlympichistory:XuHaifeng,asharpshooter.In2001,Beijingwontherighttohostthe29thOlympicGamesin2008.The2008BeijingOlympicGamesbecameoneofthebestinhistoryTheOlympicGamesandChinaChineseOutstandingCompetitiveSportsTableTennisthe“NationalBallGame”ofChina.Chinesetabletennisplayershaveperformedexceptionallywellininternationalcompetitions.hasgivenmillionsofChineseatasteofnationalgloryandprestige.oncemadeagreatcontributiontothediplomacyofChina.(“Ping-PongDiplomacy”)TheOlympicGamesandChinaChinabecameaformalmemberoftheInternationalBadmintonFederationin1981.

Sincethen,ChinesebadmintonteamshavewontheThomasCup(托馬斯杯)nine

times,theUberCup(尤伯杯)12timesandtheSudirmanTrophy(蘇迪曼杯)ninetimesby2013.TheOlympicGamesandChinaBadmintonOneofthebestwomen’svolleyballteamsintheworld.TheChineseWomen’svolleyballteamanditsstruggleforsuccesswasaninspirationtotheChinesepeopleduringthe1980s.TheOlympicGamesandChinaVolleyballCBA:a

non-governmentorganizationmanagingbasketballatthenationallevelCBAC:responsibleforpromotingthesportinChinaTheadventoftheCBAleaguerepresentedagiantstepinthedevelopmentofprofessionalbasketballinChina.TheChinesewomen’sbasketballteamisanawesomepowerintheworldbasketballarena.TheOlympicGamesandChinaBasketballexcelsinternationallyChinesegymnastshaveproventhemselvestobeamongthemostreliableoftheChineseOlympicsquadAtthe2008BeijingOlympicGames,theChinesegymnasticteamwonunprecedentedlyninegoldmedals.TheOlympicGamesandChinaGymnasticsOutstandingChineseSportsStarsinthe21stCenturyaninternationalbasketballsuperstarplayedfortheHoustonRocketsoftheNBAintheUSAfrom2002through2011selectedtostartfortheWesternConferenceintheNBAAll-StarGameeighttimesnamedtotheAll-NBATeamfivetimes.reachedtheNBAPlayoffsfourtimes.enjoysenormouspopularitybothintheUnitedStatesandinChinaTheOlympicGamesandChinaYaoMingOutstandingChineseSportsStarsinthe21stCenturyAChineseOlympicandworld-record-holdingdistanceswimmer.broketheworldrecordinthemen’s1500metresfreestyleatthe2011WorldChampionshipsthefirstChinesemanevertowinanOlympicgoldmedalinthemen’s1500metresfreestyle.TheOlympicGamesandChinaSunYangOutstandingChineseSportsStarsinthe21stCenturythefirstChinesemanwhogotanOlympicgoldmedalinatrackandfieldevent.thefirstChineseathletetoachievethe“triplecrown”ofathletics—worldrecordholder,worldchampionandOlympicchampionhasbecomeoneofChina’smostcommerciallysuccessfulathletesandhasemergedasaculturalicon.TheOlympicGamesandChinaLiuXiangOutstandingChineseSportsStarsinthe21stCenturyThefirstandonlyGrandSlamsingleschampionfromAsia.BeforethefirstplayerrepresentinganAsiancountrytoappearataGrandSlamsinglesfinalInJanuary2014,LiNabecamethechampionoftheAustralianOpen,makingherrankthirdintheworldandfirstinChina.TheOlympicGamesandChinaLiNaOutstandingChineseSportsStarsinthe21stCenturyC