【英語】2023-2024學年度新人教版必修一UNIT 5 Discovering Useful Structures 課件

2023-2024學年度新人教版必修一UNIT5

LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLDDiscoveringUsefulStructuresGrammarLet’shaveareview1.Chinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisationwhichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes...(P62)2.PeopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.(P62)3.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.(P62)4.Itdatesbacktoseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—ancientChinesepeople.(P62)5.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.(P62)Activity1relativepronouns關(guān)系代詞指人who(主語，賓語)whom(賓語)whose(定語)that(主語，賓語)指物whose(定語)that(主語，賓語)which(主語，賓語)Activity11Lookatthesesentencesandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclauses.Whatkindofinformationdoeseachclausecommunicate?·Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.·EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.

·Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.

·ThesewereanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.

DescribeyourfavouritethingsActivity2·Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.Information：atimeforaneventwhen...geographically是定語從句，修飾atime，when在從句中作時間狀語?！mperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Information：alocationforaneventwhere...direction是定語從句，修飾oneunifiedcountry，where在從句中作地點狀語?！herearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.Information：areasonforanaction·why...language是定語從句，修飾reasons，why在從句中作原因狀語?！hesewereanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Information：alocationforanaction·onwhich...people是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾animalbonesandshells，onwhich=ontheanimalbonesandshells。Activity2Fillinthetabletocompleteeachphrasewitharestrictiverelativeclause.Thenusethephrasestomakecompletesentences.

Activity2Activity2WhenIstartedstudyingGerman，itwasastruggle/?str?ɡl/.Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue/t??/，andthegrammarwouldnotstayinmyhead.ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup，andthatIwouldneverliveinacountry________________Germanwasspoken.Mymumtoldmethatstudyingalanguagewasnotjustformyfuture.Itwasexerciseforthebrain；themoreIlearntofalanguage，themoremybrainwouldgrow.AndIrememberthatday________________IsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.Itfeltlikemybrainhaddoubledinsize.Ihadfinallycometoaplace________________Icouldthinkinthisforeignlanguage，andIcouldseetheworldfromadifferentpointofview.IfeltasifIhadreachedthegoal________________Ihadbeenfightingfor.Icouldopenabookandseemeanings，notjustaseaofwords.Ifinallyunderstoodthereason____________mymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.Thanks，Mum!

Completethepassagewiththecorrectrelativeadverbsorpronouns.Addaprepositionwherenecessary.

where/inwhichwhen/onwhichwhere/atwhichthat/whichwhyActivity3Languagepoints核心詞匯教材原句p.64 WhenIstartedstudyingGerman，itwasastruggle.

當我開始學習德語的時候，那是一件很難的事。1strugglen.&vi.（1）n.斗爭；奮斗；搏斗；掙扎apower/leadershipstruggle權(quán)力的爭奪/領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)的斗爭astruggleforindependence爭取獨立的斗爭thestrugglebetweengoodandevil善惡之爭Shewillnotgiveupherchildrenwithoutastruggle.她不會輕易放棄自己的孩子。題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法（2）vi.斗爭；奮斗；搏斗 for為（爭取）……而斗爭/奮斗 with/against與……作斗爭 todosth.努力做某事 toone’sfeet掙扎著站起來acountrystrugglingforindependence為獨立而奮斗的國家Shehasbeenstrugglingagainstherillnessformanyyears.她已經(jīng)與疾病抗爭了許多年。She’sstrugglingtobringupherchildrenonaverylowincome.她以微薄的收入艱難地撫養(yǎng)自己的孩子。搭配：struggle單句語法填空（1）［2019·江蘇卷］Hestruggled__________（explain）whatheheardinhishead.（2）Itwas________

struggleforthepoorfamilytoearnalivingonthelittlefarm.（3）Thecountryisstruggling________

peace.（4）Dina，________________（struggle）formonthstofindajobasawaitress，finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.完成句子（5）Man________________________________（一直與……作斗爭）nature.（6）Thoughhewasbadlyinjured，he________________________（掙扎著站了起來）.toexplainaforhavingstruggledhasbeenstrugglingwith/againststruggledtohisfeet教材原句p.64 ...Icouldseetheworldfromadifferentpointofview.

……我能從不同的角度看這個世界。2pointofview觀點；看法搭配：fromone’spointofview依照某人的觀點，在某人看來Thereareanumberofdifferentpointsofviewonthisissue.關(guān)于這個問題有許多不同的觀點?！練w納拓展】have/getagoodviewof好好欣賞/觀看inone’sview按照某人的觀點，在某人看來comeintoview進入視野Youcanheartheroarandseethemistriseintotheairbeforethefallscomeintoview.瀑布尚未映入眼簾之前，你就可以聽到怒吼般的水聲，看到裊裊升至空中的霧氣。完成句子（1）Irespectyour________________（觀點），butI’mnotsureIagreewithyou.（2）_____________________________________________（在我看來），thereisnowaytheycanwin.（3）Youcan________________________（好好欣賞）thebeautifulsunriseandsunsetfromthewindow.pointofviewFrommypointofview/Inmyview/Inmyopinionhave/getagoodviewof重點句式教材原句p.64...themoreIlearntofalanguage，themoremybrainwouldgrow.……我對一門語言學得越多，我的大腦就越發(fā)達。1the+比較級，the+比較級“the+比較級（+主語+謂語），the+比較級（+主語+謂語）”意為“越……，就越……”。Themorehedrank，themoreviolenthebecame.他喝得越多，就變得越狂暴。Themore，thebetter.多多益善?！緦W法點撥】在“the+比較級（+主語+謂語），the+比較級（+主語+謂語）”結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個“the+比較級”是表示條件的狀語從句，在表示將來意義的情況下，從句謂語用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，第二個“the+比較級”中謂語用一般將來時?！練w納拓展】比較級+and+比較級moreandmore+多音節(jié)形容詞原級越來越……單句語法填空（1）The________（hard）youwork，themoreprogressyouwillmake.（2）Themoreaperson________（read），thewiserheorshewillbecome.（3）Withthewinterapproaching，thedaybecomesshorter________

shorter.完成句子（4）越早越好。Thesooner，________________.（5）你越小心，你犯的錯誤就越少。_________________________，thefewermistakesyouwillmake.（6）她發(fā)現(xiàn)那項工作越來越缺乏吸引力了。Shefoundthejob________________

attractive.harderreadsandthebetterThemorecarefulyouarelessandless單元語法定語從句（Ⅱ）——關(guān)系副詞的用法1概述當引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞在從句中作時間、地點、原因狀語時，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞when，where，why。關(guān)系副詞的作用如下：（1）指代表示時間、地點、原因的先行詞；（2）在從句中充當句子成分——狀語；（3）起連接作用，把主句和定語從句連接起來。Thereareoccasionswhen（onwhich）onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。Beijingistheplacewhere（inwhich）Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy（forwhich）herefusedouroffer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？找出句中的關(guān)系副詞及定語從句修飾的先行詞（1）TherewasatimewhenIhatedtogotoschool. （2）Itisaworldofwonders，aworldwhereanythingcanhappen.（3）Thereasonwhyhedidnotcomeisquiteclear.關(guān)系副詞：when；先行詞：atime

關(guān)系副詞：where；先行詞：aworld關(guān)系副詞：why；先行詞：thereason2關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句（1）when引導(dǎo)的定語從句when表示時間，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作時間狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞如time，day，week，year等。Therecomesatimewhenyouhavetomakeachoice.你必須作出抉擇的時候到了。Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheyliked.他們?yōu)樗麨榈娜兆右蝗ゲ粡?fù)返了。We’llputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek，whentheweathermaybebetter.我們將把野餐推遲到下星期，那時天氣可能會好一點兒?！菊`區(qū)警示】當先行詞是時間名詞時，定語從句既可用when引導(dǎo)，也可以用that或which引導(dǎo)，關(guān)鍵看關(guān)系詞在從句中作何種成分。若關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語，則用when引導(dǎo)；若關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)。Don’tforgetthetime（that/which）I’vetoldyou.不要忘記我告訴你的時間。Icanneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.我永遠不會忘記我們一起工作的日子。（2）where引導(dǎo)的定語從句where表示地點，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作地點狀語，其先行詞往往是表示地點的名詞如place，factory，house，village等，或表示抽象地點的名詞如position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等。Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.這就是他出生的村子。MarywasworkinginAubury，whereshewentdailyinabus.瑪麗在奧伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽車去上班?！菊`區(qū)警示】當先行詞是地點名詞時，如果關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句。Heworksinafactorythat/whichmakesTVsets.他在一家電視機廠工作。（3）why引導(dǎo)的定語從句why表示原因，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞是表示理由的名詞reason。Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tshowup.我們不知道他為什么沒有來?！菊`區(qū)警示】若代替先行詞reason的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中不作狀語，而是充當主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句。Thereasonthat/whichtheytoldyouisnottrue.他們給你的理由是不真實的?！緦W法點撥】關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選用用法依據(jù)根據(jù)從句的謂語動詞是及物動詞，后面若無賓語，用關(guān)系代詞；是不及物動詞則用關(guān)系副詞根據(jù)關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的成分若關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語或賓語，則用關(guān)系代詞；若作狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞單句語法填空（1）Wewillneverforgettheday________

weflewatanaltitudeof6，000metersinthesky.（2）Finally，wegottoafactory，________

manymobilephonesofhighqualitywereproduced.（3）It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation________

theycanseethemselvesdifferently.（4）Thisisthehouse__________

wasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.（5）Idon’tknowthereason________

hedidn’tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.（6）Iwon’tlistentothereason__________

youhavegivenus.whenwherewherethat/whichwhythat/which用恰當?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空，并比較它們的句法功能（7）a.Doyoustillrememberthedays__________wechattedwitheachotherallnight?b.Doyoustillrememberthedays__________wespenttogetheronthefarm?（8）a.Thisisthefactory__________

Ivisitedlastyear.b.Thisisthefactory__________

heusedtowork.（9）a.Isthisthemuseum__________

wasbuiltlastyear?b.Isthisthemuseum__________

theexhibitionwasheld?判斷正誤（10）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.（）（11）Thisisthemountainvillage（that/which）Ivisitedlastyear.（）（12）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.（）（13）I’llneverforgetthedays（that/which）Ispentinthecountryside.（）whenthat/whichthat/whichwherethat/whichwhereFTFT3“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞when，where，why引導(dǎo)定語從句時，關(guān)系副詞也可用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which/whom）”代替。在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whom，不可用that或who。先行詞指物時用which，先行詞指人時用whom。when=at/in/during/on+which where=in/at/on+which why=for+which（1）介詞選擇的三原則：一先、二動、三意義。①一先：根據(jù)先行詞的習慣搭配來確定。I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.（表示具體的某一天，介詞用on）Theboypointedtothedirectioninwhichhewouldrun.（“朝……方向”，介詞用in）②二動：根據(jù)從句中謂語動詞的習慣搭配來確定。Thisisnotthebookofwhichtheteacherspokeinclass.（speakof意為“談?wù)摗?，相當于talkabout）ThetwothingsofwhichtheyfeltproudwereJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.（be/feelproudof為固定短語，意為“以……自豪”）【誤區(qū)警示】有些含有介詞的固定動詞短語一般不能將介詞分開放在關(guān)系代詞前，如listento，lookfor，carefor，hearfrom，hearof，takecareof等。Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.（正確）ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.（錯誤）③三意義：根據(jù)從句所表達的意義來確定。Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.這種無色的氣體稱為氧氣，離開了它我們不能生存。（2）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)①“介詞+which”在定語從句中分別可作時間、地點和原因狀語，代替相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞when，where和why。Istillrememberthedayonwhich（=when）Ifirstcametoschool.我仍然記得初來學校的那一天。Thefactoryinwhich（=where）Iworkisalargeone.我工作的那家工廠是一個大工廠。②“介詞+which（指物）/whom（指人）”在定語從句中作地點狀語，表示存在關(guān)系，定語從句中的主謂常常要倒裝。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse，infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.他們來到一處農(nóng)舍，農(nóng)舍前邊坐著一個小男孩。③“不定代詞或數(shù)詞+of+which（指物）/whom（指人）”在定語從句中作主語，說明整體中的一部分。Chinahasalotofislands，oneofwhichisHainanIsland.中國有許多島嶼，其中之一是海南島。④“介詞+which（指物）/whom（指人）”在定語從句中作目的、方式或地點狀語。Theman，fromwhomIlearnedthenews，isanengineer.這個人是一位工程師，我是從他那里得到這個消息的。⑤“名詞+ofwhich”代替“whose+名詞”在定語從句中作定語。Isawsometrees，theleavesofwhich（=whoseleaves）wereblackwithdisease.我看見一些樹，它們的葉子因患病而發(fā)黑。⑥“介詞+which（指物）/whose（指人）”修飾后面的名詞。Itrainedallnightandallday，duringwhichtimetheshipbrokeintopieces.雨下了一天一夜，就在這期間輪船撞碎了。單句語法填空 theday________

whichIsettledinChina. thedays________

whichIlivedhere. themonth________

whichIstayed