《狀語從句》導(dǎo)學(xué)案

--#-《狀語從句》導(dǎo)學(xué)案學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo).掌握狀語從句的類型及其相應(yīng)的連接詞。.懂得狀語從句和其它從句的區(qū)別。.學(xué)會(huì)分析從句中應(yīng)采用的連接詞。學(xué)習(xí)過程九種常用的狀語從句及其常用的連接詞時(shí)間狀語從句:when,while,as,before,after,assoonas,till,until,not…until,the first/second.../last time,themoment,the minute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly...when,scarcely...when,nosooner...than地點(diǎn)狀語從句:where,wherever原因狀語從句:because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat條件狀語從句:if,unless,now(that),as(so)longas,incase,onconditionthat,suppose/supposing,provided/providing讓步狀語從句:although,though,eventhough/if,as,while,nomatterwhich/what/when/where/who/how,whichever,wherever,whatever,whoever,whenever,however,whether...or；結(jié)果狀語從句:sothat,so...that,such...that目的狀語從句:sothat,incase,forfearthat,lest方式狀語從句:how,as,asif/asthough比較狀語從句：than,as…as,notso/as…as,the+比較級…,the+比較級…狀語從句有九種，時(shí)地原因條狀補(bǔ)，目比結(jié)果方讓步，連詞引導(dǎo)各不同；主句通常前面走，連詞引導(dǎo)緊隨后，從句若在主前頭，主從之間有個(gè)逗。狀語從句的分類WhileIwaswonderingatthis,ourschoolmastertookhisplace.().Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.().Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.()4.I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.()5.Socleverwasheastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()6.Aslongasyoudon’tloseheart,you’llsucceed.()7.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.()8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)1、各種從屬連詞的含義及用法比較；2、nomatterwh-與wh-ever引導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別；3、狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題；4、狀語從句倒裝及緊縮問題；5、狀語從句與其它從句的區(qū)別。I.間狀語從句問題1:.（04北京春）Wewereswimminginthelake suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before.（02上海）Hewasabouttotellmethesecret someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when.（05上海）Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden itwasthebesttimeforit.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.until.（05福建）一DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?－Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock hearrivedhome.A.BeforeB.whenC.thatD.until.（06遼寧）Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismealafamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while連接詞when的用法小結(jié).when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是 ，也可以是表 ，可用于主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或從句動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作。如：Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays..可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：___（剛要……這時(shí)突然……）.還可以表示原因“既然”，相當(dāng)于 。如：Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxi youcouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.問題2:.（06天津）ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain, thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while.（04年江蘇） Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless連接詞while的用法小結(jié).while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是，側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作相對比。如：Pleasedon’ttalksoloud othersareworking..while作為并列連詞，意為“。.while可表示 ，相當(dāng)于連接詞when,while,as的用法區(qū)別：1.while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是可延續(xù)的，而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是可延續(xù)的，也可以是表短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。如： hewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring. Istoppedmycar,amancameuptome.2．從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，只能用 引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用 。如： youhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest..表示“隨著……”，連詞用,不用 。如： theelectionapproached,theviolencegotworse.．如果主句表示的是短暫動(dòng)作，而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when,while與as可互換使用。如：When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.問題3:.（01北京春）一DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?一Yes.IgaveittoherIsawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once.（1998上海）IthoughtherniceandhonestImether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime. enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport.A.HehardlyhadB.HadhehardlyC.HardlyhadheD.Hardlyhehad小結(jié)：．一些詞，如themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly...when,scarcely...when,nosooner...than等也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于assoonas的意思。Ididn’twaitamoment,butcameimmediatelyyoucalled.．一些含有time的名詞短語，如everytime,eachtime,nexttime,bythetime等，以及theday,theyear,themorning等，也可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。Thedayhereturnedhome,hisfatherwasalreadydead.Nexttimeyoucome,pleasebringyourcomposition.. ，句子必須用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 gothomewhenitbegantorain.我一回家就開始下雨了。問題4:.（03北京春）一Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?—Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when.（03上海）Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners’curiosity hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until3.Itwasnot shetookoffherdarkglasses Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then小結(jié)：till,until和not…until：.until/till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句用于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到until/till所表示的時(shí)間，意為“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.．用于否定句時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句為肯定，意為“某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開始”。如：Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.． 不可以置于句首，而 可以。如： youtoldmeIhadnoideaofit..not…until句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝說法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.（把起改成倒裝句）問題5:.（03年北京）Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as.（04福建）Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when.－Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?－Herushedoutoftheroom Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after.（05北京春）Itisalmostfiveyearswesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.because連接詞before的小結(jié)：一、含義（翻譯下列句子）1．在我們看到陸地之前已航行四天四夜。2．在他覺得累之前我們還沒跑完一英里。3．請?jiān)谀阃浿鞍阉浵隆?before從句中謂語不用否定式。如：Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone..1）句型Itwillbe/was十段時(shí)間+before...“還要過多久才……”要過兩年之后他才離開家鄉(xiāng)。2）句型Itwillbe/wasnot+一段時(shí)間+before…“不多久就..”她沒過多久就背會(huì)了那些詩歌。3）句型Itis+段時(shí)間+since…時(shí)間的計(jì)算一律從since從句的動(dòng)作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起。如：他參軍已有三年了. .條件狀語從句問題1：1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A．a(chǎn)slongasB．whileC．ifD．eventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if問題2：Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s Ihavetowait.A．incaseB．sothatC．inorderD．a(chǎn)sif.讓步狀語從句問題1：、 Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions, theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough問題2：1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved, thecost.A．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．wherevernomatterwh-與wh-ever的聯(lián)系及區(qū)別：nomatterwh-只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，此時(shí)與wh-ever通用。如: hecomesback,heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.wh-ever又可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，Nomatterwh-不能。如： Icandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt. canhelpuswillbewelcome.4.狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題問題1：1、Itisalmostfiveyears wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when5、狀語從句的倒裝問題問題1：1、Sodifficult ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel2、Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize狀語從句的倒裝一般有下面幾種情況：①否定詞開頭；②so加adj.開頭；③as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。特另1」注意：Hardly…when…Nosooner…than…as他一到車站火車就開了（用兩種方式翻譯）（他雖然是小孩）,hecanspeaksevenforeignlanguages.6、狀語從句與并列句的區(qū)別問題1：1、Thoughheisinhissixties, heworksashardasayoungmanA.yetB.butC.andD.andyet2、Excusemeforbreakingin, Ihavesomenewsforyou.A.soB.andC.butD.yet細(xì)心的分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分。對比訓(xùn)練1heheardthis,hegotveryangry.metLucy Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3. achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as對比訓(xùn)練2Wewereabouttoleave itbegantorain.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson, ,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.asD.during對比訓(xùn)練3.Child sheis,sheknowalot..Hedidtheexperiment hewastold..Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper,butnot good.A.duringB.asC.soD.thoughE.bothBandC對比訓(xùn)練4.Hewouldhavealookatthebookstores hewenttotown..Wedecidetofinishtheworkontime, happens..Ifweworkwithastrongwill,weovercomeanydifficulty, greatitis..I’llgivethebookto likesEnglish.A.wheneverB.whoeverC.whateverD.however對比訓(xùn)練51.Itwillbeyears wemeetagain.2.Itistenyears Icametothistown.3.Itistenyearsago Icametothistown.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since對比訓(xùn)練6itrains,thegamewillbeplayedontime.Iwastwenty,Ihadneverbeenawayfrommyhometown.hewerethere,hecouldn’thelpus.A.EvenifB.UntilC.TillD.Unless對比訓(xùn)練7.Goandgetyourcoat.Itis youleftit..Youarefreetogo youlike.A.thereB.whereC.whereverD.when對比訓(xùn)練81.Ifweworkhard,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,nomatter greatitis.f wework hard,we can overcome anydifficulty, greatitis.3.If wework hard,we can overcome anydifficulty, difficultyit is.4.Ifweworkhard,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,nomatter difficultyitis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever歷屆高考試題中的狀語從句.—How longhasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness? 1982.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especially FatherwasawayinFrance.A.as B.thatC.duringD.if.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty, greatitis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.that B.whereC.whichD.when.—Iamgoingtothepostoffice.— you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?A.As B.WhileC.BecauseD.If.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings youcanfindthemagain.

A.whenB.whereC.thenD.thereA.whenB.whereC.thenD.there. you’vegotthechance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas.We’llhavetofinishthejob, .A.longittakeshoweverB.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup Icouldanswerthephone.A.as B.sinceC.until D.before.TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A.aslongasB.whileC.if D.eventhough.Themenwillhavetowaitallday thedoctorworksfaster.A.if B.unlessC.whetherD.that.—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?—Yes,Igaveittoher Isawher.

A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once.Americanseat vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.A.morethantwiceB.astwiceasmanyA.morethantwiceB.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyasD.morethantwiceasC.twiceasmanyasD.morethantwiceasmany.—Howfarapartdotheylive?— Iknow,theyliveinthesameneighbourhood.A.AslongasB.AswellasC.AsfarasD.Asoftenas.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.untilA.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until.Generallyspeaking, accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken.—Dad,I’vefinishedmyassignment.—Good,and youplayorwatchTV,youmustn’tdisturbme.

A.wheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.noA.wheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatter.—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?—Yes.Hehasneverpraisedhim hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation itgotworse.A.until B.when C.beforeD.as. Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.A.EventhoughB.UnlessC.WhileD.Aslongas.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep muchworkyouhavetodo.A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever3.Itwasevening wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.that B.untilC.sinceD.before. modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeindemand.A.WhileB.SinceC.AsD.If.Wewereswimminginthelake suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before. Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever. youcallmetosayyou'renotcoming,I'llseeyouatthetheatre.A.ThoughB.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless.Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant youlike.A.wheneverB.whereverC.whateverD.however. Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless.Severalweekshadgoneby Irealizedthepainting,wasmissing.A.as B.beforeC.sinceD.when.Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark shewasbittenonthelegbyallion.A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.once. ,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.A.HoweverthestoryisamusingBNomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing4.Itisalmostfiveyearswesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when.Whatatable!I’veneverseensuchathingbefore.Itisitislong.A.halfnotaswideasB.widenotashalfasC.nothalfaswideas D.aswideasnothalf.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbrokenhislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because.I’dliketoarrive20minutesearly Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat.Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlaterIreceivedthemanager’sreply.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that.UnlikewatchingTV,readingisahighlyactiveprocess（過程）itrequiresattentionaswellasmemoryandimagination.A.untilB.butC.unlessD.for.Theoldtowermustbesaved, thecost.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever.Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskintime.A.as B.if C.whenD.unless.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It'syears Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since.Johnisthetallestboyintheclass, accordingtohimself.A.fivefooteightastallas B.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallas D.astallfivefooteightas.—DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?—Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clockhearrivedhome.A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.until.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions, theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough.ThemoreIthinkabouthim,themorereasonsIfindforlovinghim___Idid.A.asmuchasB.aslongasC.assoonasD.asfaras

.you’vetriedit.youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When.Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?Perhapstwoorthreeyears.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.before.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where."Youcan'thavethisfootballbackyoupromisenottokickitatmycatagain,"theoldmansaidfirmly.A.becauseB.sinceC.whenD.until.Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyself