2022-2023學(xué)年北京市順義區(qū)高一(上)期末英語試卷(含答案解析)

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年北京市順義區(qū)高一（上）期末英語試卷1.A

Asadoctor，Ialwaysmeetsome(1)（challenge）inmyjob.Sometimesitmakesmefeel(2)（worry）.Todealwiththis，IgorunningasoftenasIcan.WhenIrunontheroad，mynervousenergypushesmethroughmileone.Bymiletwo，mytensionmovesfrommymindtomylegs.Bytheendoftherun，allmystressisgone!Iamgettinghealthierand(3)（happy）thanbefore!B

ChineseNewYearPaintingisaspecialChineseartform.Usuallyit(4)（put）onwalls，doorsorwindows.AsSpringFestivalarrives，manyfamiliesputupNewYearPaintingsasawish(5)（have）goodluckandhappiness.TherearedifferentsubjectsinNewYearPaintings，suchasbabies，flowersandbirds.TheearliestNewYearPainting(6)（appear）intheTangdynasty（朝代）andwasattachedtothedoortokeepthefamilysafe.TodayNewYearPaintingsarestillpopularinsomeruralareasofChina.C

Venice（威尼斯）isfamous(7)itsbeautifulbuildingsandwaterways，butthe1，600-year-oldcityisindangerbecauseofrisingsealevel.Inthepast20years，Venicehasexperienced163bigfloods.Strongunderwaterwallsandgates(8)（build）toprotectthecitysince2009.However，forpeople(9)liveinVenice，therearestillfloodsandthisblocksbusiness.Ashopownertheresaidinaninterview，"Venicelivesthankstoitstourismanditisourduty(10)（save）it."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)"They'refollowingme!"Ithoughttomyself.Inoticedtwoyoungmenonmotorbikesslowdownnexttome.AsIdrove，theykeptwatchingmethroughtheirhelmets（頭盔）.Suchkindofexperiencewasnot(2)inabigcitysoIdidn'thavetoworryaboutit.Theywouldgoawaysoonerorlater.Instead，Iwastroubledbyatruly(3)thinginmylife—Ihadjustlostmyjob.Icouldhardlycontrolmyfeelings.ThensuddenlyIdiscoveredthatwheneverIstoppedatatrafficlight，thetwobikerswouldalsostopalongside，(4)meclosely.

Thiscontinuedthroughthreetrafficlights.Theirpurposeswereuncleartome.(5)andnervous，IdroveasfastasIcouldtostay(6)ofthem，buttheykeptfollowingandIcouldn'tshakethemoff.FinallyIreachedhomeandfeltasenseof(7).Buttomysurprise，theyhad(8)meallthewaytomydoorstep.Evenscarier，theywerenowoffthebikes，tryingtotalktome.

Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground，Istartedtoget(9).ThenIwalkedoverandwantedtoteachthemalesson."Pleasedon't(10)us，"oneofthemsaid，"WesawyoucryinginsideyourcarandwantedtomakesureyouwereOK.Doyouneed(11)ofanykind？"

I(12)atoncewhathadhappened.Themenhadseenmebreakingdowninmycarandfollowedmejustbecausethey(13)aboutthefeelingsofastranger.

Ineversawthemagain.Ididn'tevenaskfortheir(14).Buteventoday，morethan10yearslater，Iamstill(15)bythewarmththeybroughttoastranger，andrememberthemfortheirkindness.2.

A.common B.new C.interesting D.relaxing3.

A.sad B.exciting C.satisfying D.strange4.

A.catching B.holding C.watching D.carrying5.

A.Relaxed B.Confident C.Amazed D.Scared6.

A.ahead B.behind C.out D.opposite7.

A.shame B.duty C.belonging D.relief8.

A.inspired B.greeted C.followed D.benefited9.

A.angry B.disappointed C.lost D.nervous10.

A.forget B.misunderstand C.defend D.stop11.

A.money B.information C.help D.food12.

A.wondered B.noticed C.realized D.reminded13.

A.cared B.learned C.argued D.heard14.

A.suggestions B.names C.addresses D.opinions15.

A.attracted B.accepted C.dragged D.movedCChinahasseengreatachievementsincultureoverthelast10years.

NumberofCulturalPlacesandActivitiesYear

PlacesandActivities20162017201820192020Museums4，1094，7214，9185，1325，452Placesforculturalrecords272274309320322Books（unit：billion）9.049.2410.0110.6010.37Moviesproducedathome772798902850531Artsgroups12，30115，74217，12317，79517，581TVseries（unit：million）6.896.997.087.237.39YearAchievements2012TheNobelPrizeinliterature（文學(xué)）2012isgiventothewriterMoYan.2013Thebronze（銅）headsofamouseandarabbit，oncepartof12animalartworksattheSummerPalaceinBeijing，arereturnedtoChina.2015LiuCixinbecomesthefirstChinesewritertowintheBestNovelprizeforsciencefictionintheUSAwithhisbook，TheThree-BodyProblem.2017Chineseoracleboneinscriptions（甲骨文）areincludedontheUNESCOMemoryoftheWorldList.2020CelebrationsareheldforthecompletionofthePalaceMuseum600yearsago.2021NewdiscoveriesaremadeattheSanxingduiRuinssite（遺址）inGuanghan，Sichuan.16.HowmanymuseumswerethereinChinain2016？______A.4，109. B.4，721. C.4，918. D.5，132.17.WhenwasthenumberofTVseriesclosestto7million？______A.In2016. B.In2017. C.In2018. D.In2019.18.Accordingtotheinformationinthesecondtable，whatwerereturnedtoChinain2013？______A.The12animalartworks.

B.Thenovelprizesforsciencefiction.

C.Thebronzeheadsofarabbitandamouse.

D.PiecesofChineseoracleboneinscriptions.19.Wherewerethenewdiscoveriesmadein2021？______A.InChengdu，Sichuan. B.AttheSummerPalace.

C.InthePalaceMuseum. D.AttheSanxingduiRuinssite.20.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout？______A.Greatachievementsinliteratureathomeandabroad.

B.Thedevelopmentofculturalactivitiessince2012inChina.

C.Greatachievementsincultureoverthepast10yearsinChina.

D.ThedevelopmentofculturalplacesinBeijingoverthelastcentury.DWhenXuShixiaowenttoworkasusualinacompanyinNanchang，JiangxiProvince，fiveyearsago，shewassurprisedtogetacallfromherpreviouscoach，askingaboutherwillingnesstoreturntocanoeing（皮劃艇）andcompeteintheTokyoOlympicGames.Xuquicklymadeherdecision.

"Iquitmyjobasamanager，toldmyfamilyandwentbacktotrainingthreedayslater.TherewasnotmuchtimeleftformetopreparefortheOlympics，"Xuthoughtback.

OnAug7，2021，Xuandherpartner，SunMengya，wonthegoldmedalinthefirstwomen'scanoedouble500meventattheTokyoGames.ItwasalsothefirstOlympicgoldmedalforChinaintheevent.

YetXu'sjourneytotheOlympicswas—shefacedlotsofdifficulties，suchasherconditionafteryearsofretirementandherparents'disagreementbecausetheythoughtitwastimeforhertogetmarried.

"Itwasreallyaharddecisionformetogobacktobeinganathleteafterfouryearsofretirement，"saidXu，"Ididn'twanttoregretnotcompetingforagoldmedal.Idesiredtobeachampion.IhadnothingtoloseevenifIfailed."

Tocatchthechancetogobacktocanoeingontheinternationallevel，Xustartedherunbearabletraining.Shebeganherdailyexercisesintheearlymorningandendedat10：30pm.ItwasahotJulyin2017inNanchang，whereitcouldbe40℃insummer.Xustayedinthesunforhourseverydayonhercanoe.Butherdailyschedulewashardlyinfluenced."Atthebeginning，itreallyhurt.Whenthepainreachedthehighestpoint，Icouldn'tfeelmyarmsafterthat，"sheadded.

Morethantwomonthsofsuchhardtrainingfinallypaidoff.Xuwontwogoldmedalsatthe13thNationalGamesintwowomen'scanoeevents.In2019，shepartneredwithSuntogettheirticketfortheTokyoOlympicsbywinningthegoldmedalattheICFCanoeSprintWorldChampionships.Finally，theyachievedsuccessinTokyo.

Comparedwithathleteswhowereintheirearly20s，Xu'srecoverywasslower.Buttheactivetimeforathletesgotlonger."Ageisnotaproblemanymoreforanathleteintheageoftechnology，"saidXu.

TheOlympicmedalistwillgoforcompetitionsathomeandabroadthisyear.SheisalsolookingforwardtotakingpartintheParisOlympicsin2024.21.WhatdidXuShixiaodowhenhercoachaskedherwillingnesstocompeteintheTokyoOlympicGames？______A.Sheaskedforherparents'advice.

B.Shewentbacktotrainingafter3days.

C.Shewenttothecompanytoaskforleave.

D.Shewenttothetrainingcenterimmediately.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bumpy"inParagraph4mostprobablymean？______A.Hard. B.Smooth. C.Pleasant. D.Achievable.23.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTachallengeforXuonherroadtosuccess？______A.Thehotweatherintraining.

B.Thedisagreementfromherparents.

C.Herwillingnesstogetmarriedrightnow.

D.Beingabsentfromtrainingforalongtime.24.HowdidXugettheticketfortheTokyoOlympics？______A.ByreceivingonemonthofhardtraininginNanchang.

B.Bywinningthreegoldmedalsatthe13thNationalGames.

C.BywinningagoldmedalattheICFCanoeSprintWorldChampionships.

D.Bystartingherdailyexercisesintheearlymorningandendingat9：30pm.25.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？______A.Toexplainwaystosolvetheageproblemofathletes.

B.Toshowthedifficultyofaretiredathletebacktotraining.

C.Tointroducethenecessaryqualitiesofacanoeingchampion.

D.ToshareastoryofanathletefightingfortheOlympicgoldmedal.EDrinkingalcohol（酒）maybemoreharmfulthanthought，particularlyforyoungandmiddle-agedadults，anewstudysuggests.Althoughdrinkingalcoholproperlyisoftenthoughttobegoodforyou，theresearcherspointoutthatmanystudiesonthebenefitsofitincludepeopleaged50andolder.Thiscannottotallypresentthebenefitsofalcohol，becauseitdoesn'tconsiderpeoplewhohavediedfromdrinkingalcoholatyoungerages.

Thatcausespeopletobeworried，becausemorethanone-thirdofdeathsfromdrinkingalcoholhappenamongpeopleaged20to49，accordingtothestudyintheJournalofStudiesonAlcoholandDrugs.

Infact，"Personswhopassedawaycannotbeincludedin"medicalstudies，thestudyresearcherswrote.What'smore，comparedwithothers，"thosewhohavebeendrinkingformanyyearsatage50are'survivors'（幸存者）whomighthavebeenhealthierorhavehadsaferdrinkinghabits"，accordingtothestudy，ledbyDr.TimothyNaimi，ofBostonMedicalCenter'sClinicalAddictionResearchandEducationUnit.

Inanewstudy，theresearchersstudiedtheinformationthatincludesestimates（估計數(shù)目）ofdeathscausedbyalcoholandyearsoflifelostduetoalcoholdrinkingintheUnitedStates.Thereare54medicalconditionsthatareconnected，eitherdirectlyorindirectly，withalcoholdrinking，suchasalcoholicliver（肝臟）diseaseandcarcrashescausedbyalcohol.Thoughalcoholdrinkingistiedtoanincreasedriskofdeathfrommostoftheseconditions，it'sconnectedwithareducedriskofsomeothers，mainlytypesofheartdiseases.

Tolookatalcohol'sbenefits，theresearcherspaidattentiontodeathsthatcouldpossiblybe"prevented"byalcoholdrinking，aswellasyearsoflife"saved"byalcohol.Only4.5percentofestimateddeathssaidtobepreventedbyalcoholdrinkinghappenedamongthoseaged20to49，comparedwith80percentamongthoseaged65andolder.Morethan50percentoftheestimatedyearsoflifesaidtobesavedhappenedamongthoseaged65andolder，comparedwithjust14.5percentofthoseaged20to49.

Asawhole，thefindingssuggestthatpreviousstudiesthatincludedolderadultsunderestimatedriskscausedbyalcoholcomparedwithwhatwouldbeseenfordrinkersofallages，theresearcherssaid.

Still，theresearchersnotethattherearemanyreasonswhypeoplechoosetodrinkornottodrinkalcoholapartfromitshealthinfluenceandthatmostpeoplewhochoosetodrinkproperlycandosowithrelativelylowrisk.26.WhydoesthenewstudyinParagraph1suggestadifferentfindingcomparedwithmanypreviousstudies？______A.Becausethenewstudyincludespeopleaged50andolder.

B.Becausethenewstudydoesnotwanttomakepeopleworried.

C.Becausethepreviousstudiesdonotincludedrinkersofallages.

D.Becausethepreviousstudiespointoutthedisadvantagesofdrinkingalcohol.27.AccordingtoDr.TimothyNaimi，forpeoplewhohavebeendrinkingforyearsatage50，whatmighthelpthemsurvive？______A.Drinkingmorealcohol.

B.Havingsaferdrinkinghabits.

C.Believinginthebenefitsofalcohol.

D.Drinkingalcoholwhentheyfeelsad.28.Whichofthefollowingconditionscanbereducedbydrinkingalcohol？______A.Headaches. B.Heartdiseases.

C.Alcoholicliverdiseases. D.Carcrashescausedbyalcohol.29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？______A.Drinkingalcoholproperlyseemsrelativelylessrisky.

B.Allsurvivorsoftheiralcoholdrinkingmusthaveastrongbody.

C.Alotofstudiesonthebenefitsofalcoholarebasedonenoughfacts.

D.Youngpeoplearelesslikelytodiefromalcoholdrinkingthantheold.30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？______A.Drinkingalcoholcanhelppeopleavoidsomerisks.

B.Drinkingalcoholproperlyisbeneficialtohuman'shealth.

C.Drinkingalcoholisagoodwaytorelievepeople'spressure.

D.Drinkingalcoholmaybemoredangerousthanthoughtforyoungandmiddle-agedadults.31.ShouldWeFearMaths？Howgoodareyouatmaths？Somepeoplelovethechallengeofitorenjoyworkingoutnumbergames.Mathsisallaroundus，fromworkingouthowtosharethebillafterameal，tomakingyourhouseholdbillsclear.Butmanyfeelafraidofthemomentwhentheyhavetodealwithnumbersandfeelarealsenseofworryanddisorder.Itcanseemfearful，butthis"mathsfear"isperfectlycommon，andyou'redefinitelynotalone.Youneedtoknowourworriesandfearsdon'tnecessarilyshowourability.

Theproblemreallystartsinchildhood，atschool.Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassontheirfeartothepupils，andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeinfluenced.TheProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment（評估）foundaround31%of15and16-year-oldsacross34countriessaidtheygotverynervousdoingmathsproblems，33%saidtheyfeltuneasydoingmathshomework，andnearly60%saidtheywereworriedthatmathsclasseswouldbedifficult.ShulamitKahn，fromBostonUniversity'sQuestromSchoolofBusiness，toldtheBBCshebelievesgivingstudents，particularlygirls，goodrolemodelsisimportant，especiallyatayoungage.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths，especiallywomen，tohelpyoungerchildren.

WritingforBBCFuture，DavidRobsonsays，"It'snotclearwhymathsbringssomuchfearcomparedtogeography.Butthefactthatthere'sarightorwronganswermightmakeyoumoreworriedaboutunderperforming（表現(xiàn)不佳）."Andoncewethinkwe'renota"mathsperson"，weavoidsolvingthingsthatweprobablycoulddo.

Thefearonmathsmayappearduetomanyreasons，butsomesuggestthatweencouragechildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge，notathreat（威脅）.Thatmeansweneedtothinkofthegoodsidesofmaths.

（1）Whatproblemdoesthepassagetalkabout？（不超過6個單詞）______

（2）Whendomanypeoplebegintofearmaths？（不超過10個單詞）______

（3）Whatcanhappenifteachersarenervousaboutteachingmaths？（不超過10個單詞）______

（4）AccordingtoShulamitKahn，whatisthekeytohelpingchildrenenjoymaths？（不超過17個單詞）______

（5）Basedonthelastparagraph，howshouldweencouragethechildrenwhofearthemathstest？（不超過14個單詞）______32.

goaldefeatadapttoslightlysignup

traditionmakeaneffortrelievevarious(1)Joggingisagreatwaytohelp______ourtensionandstress.(2)ThankstotheInternet，it'seasytoshopfor______thingslikebooks，snacksandclothesonlinenowadays.(3)ItisawidespreadSpanish______toeatgrapesonNewYear'sDaytobringgoodluckinthecomingyear.(4)Theworldischangingfast，andwehavetolearnto______thechangessoasnottobeleftbehind.(5)Hisbodywillbecomehealthierandstrongeraslongashe______toworkoutregularly.(6)Ago-getterisapersonwholikestoset______forhimselfanddoeshisbesttoachievethem.(7)Pleaserememberthatthedifficultyisn'tmeantto______you；it'smeanttomakeyoubetter.(8)Ourschooloffersdifferentkindsofclasses，andwecan______fortheonesthatinterestus.(9)InEnglishlearning，everystudenthashisownmethodsandlearnsina______differentway.33.假如你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華，你校藝術(shù)社下周將在本校藝術(shù)樓舉辦以"中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日"為主題的展覽，展出本年級學(xué)生優(yōu)秀攝影、繪畫及手工作品。請根據(jù)下面提示給外教Chris寫一封郵件，邀請他參加。

（1）展覽時間、地點(diǎn)；

（2）展覽內(nèi)容。

提示詞：展覽exhibition手工作品handmadecrafts

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)不少于50詞；

（2）郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。

DearChris，

IamwritingtoinviteyoutotheTraditionalChineseFestivalExhibitiontobeheldinourschool.______

Ibelieveyouwillenjoytheexhibitionifyoucome.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yours，

LiHua

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】challenges【小題2】worried【小題3】happier【小題4】isput【小題5】tohave【小題6】appeared【小題7】for【小題8】havebeenbuilt【小題9】who【小題10】tosave【解析】（1）考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：作為一名醫(yī)生，我在工作中總會遇到一些挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)前文some可知，可數(shù)名詞challenge應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，作賓語。故填challenges。

（2）考查形容詞。句意：有時這讓我感到擔(dān)憂。此處用形容詞作feel的表語，修飾"我"，表示"擔(dān)憂的"，故填worried。

（3）考查比較級。句意：我比以前更健康、更快樂了！結(jié)合句意和than可知，此處用比較級，故填happier。

（4）考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：通常它會貼在墻上、門上或窗戶上。結(jié)合句意可知，此處在講述客觀事實(shí)，句子用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為it，謂語動詞用三單形式，且與put之間是被動關(guān)系，故填isput。

（5）考查動詞不定式。句意：隨著春節(jié)的到來，許多家庭都掛上了年畫，以祝好運(yùn)和幸福。此處用動詞不定式作wish的后置定語。故填tohave。

（6）考查時態(tài)。句意：最早的年畫出現(xiàn)在唐代，并貼在門上以保護(hù)家人的安全。結(jié)合句意和intheTangdynasty可知，句子用一般過去時。故填appeared。

（7）考查介詞。句意：威尼斯以其美麗的建筑和水道而聞名，但這座擁有1600年歷史的城市因海平面上升而面臨危險。befamousfor表示"因……而出名"，符合句意。故填for。

（8）考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：自2009年以來，為了保護(hù)這座城市，建造了堅固的水下墻和大門。時間狀語為since2009，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為Strong

underwater

walls

and

gates，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且與動詞build之間是被動關(guān)系，故填havebeenbuilt。

（9）考查定語從句。句意：然而，對于住在威尼斯的人來說，仍然有洪水，這阻礙了生意。此處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為people，作從句主語。故填who。

（10）考查動詞不定式。句意：那里的一位店主在接受采訪時說："威尼斯的生活得益于它的旅游業(yè)，我們有責(zé)任拯救它。"此處it作形式主語，動詞不定式作真正的主語，故填tosave。

A是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己作為一名醫(yī)生的生活。

B是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹中國年畫。

C是一篇說明文。介紹了威尼斯所面臨的危險。

做本題的關(guān)鍵是在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識。本類型的題目?？嫉降闹R點(diǎn)有：固定的短語，詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換，名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，副詞以及祈使句的用法等。因此，這就需要在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中，牢固掌握各語言點(diǎn)及一些語法知識。

2~15.【答案】B、A、C、D、A、D、C、A、B、C、C、A、B、D【解析】（1）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.common普通的；B.new新鮮的；C.interesting有趣的；D.relaxing令人放松的。句意：這樣的經(jīng)歷在大城市并不新鮮，所以我不必?fù)?dān)心。由后文"Ididn'thavetoworryaboutit"可知，這種事在大城市并不"新鮮"。故選B項。

（2）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.sad悲傷的；B.exciting令人興奮的；C.satisfying滿足的；D.strange奇怪的。句意：相反，我被生活中一件真正悲傷的事所困擾一我剛剛失業(yè)。由后文"Ihadjustlostmyjob"可知，這是一件"傷心的"事情。故選A項。

（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.catching抓??；B.holding保持；C.watching觀看，觀察；D.carrying運(yùn)送。句意：然后我突然發(fā)現(xiàn)，每當(dāng)我在紅綠燈前停車時，兩個騎自行車的人也會停在旁邊，緊緊地盯著我。由后文"Wesawyoucryinginsideyourcar"可知，兩個摩托車手一直在密切"觀察"著作者。故選C項。

（4）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.Relaxed放松的；B.Confident自信的；C.Amazed驚奇的；D.Scared害怕的。句意：我既害怕又緊張，我盡可能快地開車，以保持在他們前面，但他們一直跟在后面，我無法甩掉他們。由后文"nervous"可知，作者緊張且"害怕"。故選D項。

（5）考查副詞及語境理解。A.ahead在……外前面；B.behind在……后面；C.out在……外面；D.opposite在……外對面。句意：我既害怕又緊張，我盡可能快地開車，以保持在他們前面，但他們一直跟在后面，我無法甩掉他們。由前文"IdroveasfastasIcould"可知，作者想開快點(diǎn)保持在他們"前面"。故選A項。

（6）考查名詞及語境理解。A.shame羞愧；B.duty職責(zé)；C.belonging所有物；D.relief寬慰，解脫。句意：最后我回到家里，感到一種解脫。由后文"Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground"可知，作者心里有"解脫"的感覺。故選D項。

（7）考查動詞及語境理解。A.inspired啟發(fā)；B.greeted問候；C.followed跟隨；D.benefited受益。句意：但令我驚訝的是，他們一直跟著我走到我家門口。由前文"buttheykeptfollowingandIcouldn'tshakethemoff"可知，他們是一直"跟隨著"作者的。故選C項。

（8）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.angry生氣的；B.disappointed失望的；C.lost丟失的；D.nervous焦慮的。句意：在這個熟悉的地方感覺更安全了，我開始生氣。由前文"Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground"和下文"ThenIwalkedoverandwantedtoteachthemalesson."可知，作者不再害怕而是"生氣"。故選A項。

（9）考查動詞及語境理解。A.forget忘記；B.misunderstand誤解；C.defend防御；D.stop停止。句意："請不要誤解我們，"其中一人說，"我們看到你在車?yán)锟?，想確保你沒事。"由后文"WesawyoucryinginsideyourcarandwantedtomakesureyouwereOK"可知，摩托車手請求作者不要"誤解"他們。故選B項。

（10）考查名詞及語境理解。A.money錢；B.information信息；C.help幫助；D.food食物。句意：你需要任何幫助嗎？由后文"rememberthemfortheirkindness"可知，摩托車手來到作者家是準(zhǔn)備為作者提供"幫助"。故選C項。

（11）考查動詞及語境理解。A.wondered想知道；B.noticed注意到；C.realized意識到；D.reminded提醒。句意：我立刻意識到發(fā)生了什么事。由后文"whathadhappened"可知，作者"意識到"發(fā)生了什么事。故選C項。

（12）考查動詞及語境理解。A.cared關(guān)心；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)；C.argued爭辯；D.heard聽到。句意：男人們看到我在車上奔潰了，就跟著我，因為他們關(guān)心陌生人的感受。由前文"tomakesureyouwereOK"可知，這里他們"關(guān)心"作者的感受。故選A項。

（13）考查名詞及語境理解。A.suggestions建議；B.names名稱；C.addresses地址；D.opinions意見。句意：我再也沒見過他們。我甚至沒有問他們的名字。由前文"Ineversawthemagain"可知，作者當(dāng)時沒有問他們的"名字"。故選B項。

（14）考查動詞及語境理解。A.attracted吸引；B.accepted接受；C.dragged拖動；D.moved感動。句意：但即使在10多年后的今天，我仍然被他們帶給陌生人的溫暖所感動，并記住他們的善良。由后文"thewarmththeybroughttoastranger"和"theirkindness"可知，作者仍然被"感動"著。故選D項。

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講作者開車回家途中有兩個摩托車手跟隨，一直跟到作者家里，后來作者了解到他們是看到作者在車?yán)锟奁挪环判母?，這讓作者內(nèi)心充滿了感激。

近幾年高考試題中的完形填空有新的變化，試題所涉及的知識面不斷拓寬，綜合難度不斷提高。做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時，要考慮整個句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時態(tài)、語法等。答案全填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確。

16~20.【答案】A、B、C、D、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個表格中Museums一行數(shù)據(jù)可以看出，在2016年的時候，博物館的數(shù)量是4，109。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個表格中TV

series一行數(shù)據(jù)可以看出，和7million最接近的數(shù)據(jù)是2017年的6.99million。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個表格中2013年取得的成就Thebronze（銅）headsofamouseandarabbit，oncepartof12animalartworksattheSummerPalaceinBeijing，arereturnedtoChina.（曾是北京頤和園12件動物藝術(shù)品的銅制鼠首和兔首回歸中國。）可知，在2013年銅制鼠首和兔首回歸中國。故選C。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個表格中2021年取得的成就NewdiscoveriesaremadeattheSanxingduiRuinssite（遺址）inGuanghan，Sichuan.（四川廣漢三星堆遺址有新發(fā)現(xiàn)。）可知，2021年，三星堆遺址有了新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。

（5）主旨大意題。根據(jù)China

has

seen

great

achievements

in

culture

over

the

last

10

years.（10年來，中國文化事業(yè)取得了巨大成就。）以及兩個表格所展示的內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要介紹了十年來，中國文化事業(yè)取得的巨大成就。故選C。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了十年來，中國文化事業(yè)取得的巨大成就。

1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

21~25.【答案】B、A、C、C、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段I

quit

my

job

as

a

manager，told

my

family

and

went

back

to

training

three

days

later.There

was

not

much

time

left

for

me

to

prepare

for

the

Olympics（我辭去了經(jīng)理的工作，告訴了家人，三天后又回去訓(xùn)練。留給我準(zhǔn)備奧運(yùn)會的時問不多了。）可知，徐詩曉三天后就重新回去訓(xùn)練了。故選B項。

（2）詞句猜測題。由文章第四段she

faced

lots

of

difficulties，such

as

her

condition

after

years

of

retirement

and

her

parents'

disagreement

because

they

thought

it

was

time

for

her

to

get

married.（她面臨著很多困難，比如她退役多年后的狀況，以及父母的意見分歧，因為他們認(rèn)為她該結(jié)婚了。）可知，徐詩曉的奧運(yùn)之旅是"坎何和困難的"，所以猜測bumpy是"困難的"。A.Hard困難的；B.Smooth順利的；C.Pleasant愉快的；D.Achievable可達(dá)到的。故選A項。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段she

faced

lots

of

difficulties，such

as

her

condition

after

years

of

retirement

and

her

parents'

disagreement

because

they

thought

it

was

time

for

her

to

get

married.（她面臨著很多困難，比如她退役多年后的狀況，以及父母的意見分歧，因為他們認(rèn)為她該結(jié)婚了。）可知，主要是徐詩曉父母認(rèn)為她應(yīng)該結(jié)婚了，并不是徐詩曉現(xiàn)在愿意馬上結(jié)婚。故選C項。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段In

2019，she

partnered

with

Sun

to

get

their

ticket

for

the

Tokyo

Olympics

by

winning

the

gold

medal

at

the

ICF

Canoe

Sprint

World

Championships.Finally，they

achieved

success

in

Tokyo.

（2019年，她與孫儷合作，在ICF獨(dú)木舟短跑世界錦標(biāo)賽上獲得金牌，獲得東京奧運(yùn)會門票。最后，他們在東京取得了成功。）可知，她通過在ICF獨(dú)木舟短跑世界錦標(biāo)賽上獲得金牌而獲得東京奧運(yùn)會入場券。故選C項。

（5）推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段More

than

two

months

of

such

hard

training

finally

paid

off.Xu

won

two

gold

medals

at

the

13th

National

Games

in

two

women's

canoe

events.In

2019，she

partnered

with

Sun

to

get

their

ticket

for

the

Tokyo

Olympics

by

winning

the

gold

medal

at

the

ICF

Canoe

Sprint

World

Championships.Finally，they

achieved

success

in

Tokyo.（兩個多月的艱苦訓(xùn)練終于有了回報。徐崢在第十三屆全運(yùn)會的兩個女子獨(dú)木舟項

月中獲得了兩枚金牌。2019年，她與孫儷合作，在ICF獨(dú)木舟短跑世界錦標(biāo)賽上獲得金牌，獲得東京奧運(yùn)

會門票。最后，他們在東京取得了成功。）以及上下文可知，文章主要講皮劃艇運(yùn)動員徐詩曉重新訓(xùn)練備戰(zhàn)東京奧運(yùn)會并獲得金牌的故事。故選D項。

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講皮劃艇運(yùn)動員徐詩曉重新訓(xùn)練備戰(zhàn)東京奧運(yùn)會并獲得金牌的經(jīng)歷。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

26~30.【答案】C、B、B、A、D【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Although

drinking

alcohol

properly

is

often

thought

to

be

good

for

you，the

researchers

point

out

that

many

studies

on

the

benefits

of

it

include

people

aged

50

and

older.This

cannot

totally

present

the

benefits

of

alcohol，because

it

doesn't

consider

people

who

have

died

from

drinking

alcohol

at

younger

ages.（盡管人們通常認(rèn)為適量飲酒有益健康，但研究人員指出，許多關(guān)于飲酒益處的研究對象都是50歲及以上的人。這并不能完全休現(xiàn)酒精的好處，因為它沒有考慮到那些在年輕時死于飲酒的人）可知，之前的研究沒有包括所有年齡段的飲酒者，所以新的研究和之前的研究有不同的結(jié)果。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段What's

more，compared

with

others，"those

who

have

been

drinking

for

many

years

at

age

50

are

'survivors'（幸存者）

who

might

have

been

healthier

or

have

had

safer

drinking

habits"，according

to

the

study，led

by

Dr.Timothy

Naimi，of

Boston

Medical

Center's

Clinical

Addiction

Research

and

Education

Unit.（此外，根據(jù)波上頓醫(yī)療中心臨床成癮研究和教育部門的蒂莫西?納伊米博士領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的這項研究，與其他人相比，那些在50歲時飲酒多年的'卒存者，可能因為他們會有更健康，或有更安全的飲酒習(xí)慣）可知，更安全的飲酒習(xí)慣幫那些50歲時已經(jīng)飲酒多年的人活下來。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Though

alcohol

drinking

is

tied

to

an

increased

risk

of

death

from

most

of

these

conditions，it's

connected

with

a

reduced

risk

of

some

others，mainly

types

of

heart

diseases.（雖然飲酒與這些疾病的死亡風(fēng)險增加有關(guān)，但它與其他一些疾病的風(fēng)險降低有關(guān)，主要是心臟病類疾病）可知，飲酒可以降低患心臟病類疾病的風(fēng)險。A.Headaches.頭痛；B.Heart

diseases.心臟??；C.Alcoholic

liver

diseases.酒精性肝??；D.Car

crashes

caused

by

alcohol.酒精引起的車禍。故選B。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段Still，the

researchers

note

that

there

are

many

reasons

why

people

choose

to

drink

or

not

to

drink

alcohol

apart

from

its

health

influence

and

that

most

people

who

choose

to

drink

properly

can

do

so

with

relatively

low

risk.（盡管如此，研究人員指出，除了酒精對健康的影響之外，人們選擇嗎酒或不喝酒還有很多原因，大多數(shù)選擇適當(dāng)飲酒的人可以以相對較低的風(fēng)險飲酒）可知，適量飲酒的風(fēng)險似乎相對較小。故選A。

（5）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，特別是文章第一句話Drinking

alcohol

（酒）

may

be

more

harmful

than

thought，particularly

for

young

and

middle-aged

adults，a

new

study

suggests.（一項新的研究表明，飲酒可能比想象的更有害，尤其是對年輕人和中年人）可知，這篇文章主要是告訴我們飲酒對年輕人和中年人來說可能比想象的更危險。因此D.Drinking

alcohol

may

be

more

dangerous

than

thought

for

young

and

middle-aged

adults.（對于年輕人和中年人來說，飲酒可能比想象的更危險。）是本文的主旨大意。故選D。

本文是一篇說明文。一項新的研究表明，對年輕人和中年人來說，飲酒可能比想象的更有害。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

31.【答案】Howtodealwithmathsfear.【解析】（1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Thefearonmathsmayappearduetomanyreasons，butsomesuggestthatweencouragechildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge，notathreat（威脅）.（對數(shù)學(xué)的恐懼可能有很多原因，但有些人認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該鼓勵孩子們把數(shù)學(xué)考試視為挑戰(zhàn)，而不是威脅）可知，本文主要討論了如何應(yīng)對對數(shù)學(xué)的恐懼。故答案為Howtodealwithmathsfear.

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Theproblemreallystartsinchildhoodatschool.（這個問題實(shí)際上始于童年上學(xué)時期）可知，許多人害怕數(shù)學(xué)始于童年上學(xué)時期。故答案為Manypeoplebegintofearmathsinchildhoodatschool.

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassiontheirfeartothepupils，andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeinfluenced.（研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，數(shù)學(xué)老師在教授這門課時感到緊張，會把這種恐懼傳遞給學(xué)生，而女孩更容易受到影響）可知，這種緊張恐懼心理會被傳遞給學(xué)生，尤其是女生。故答案為Theirfearcanbepassedontopupils，especiallygirls.

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段ShulamitKahn，fromBostonUniversity'sQuestromSchoolofBusiness，toldtheBBCshebelievesgivingstudents，particularlygirls，goodrolemodelsisimportant，especiallyatayoungage.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths，especiallywomen，tohelpyoungerchildren.（波士頓大學(xué)凱斯特羅姆商學(xué)院的ShulamitKahn在接受BBC采訪時表示，她認(rèn)為給學(xué)生，尤其是女孩，樹立良好的榜樣非常重要，尤其是在年輕的時候。她認(rèn)為關(guān)鍵是讓那些喜歡教數(shù)學(xué)的人，尤其是女性，來幫助年幼的孩子）可知，她認(rèn)為關(guān)鍵是讓那些喜歡教數(shù)學(xué)的人，尤其是女性，來幫助年幼的孩子。故答案為Thekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths，especiallywomen，tohelpyoungerchildren.

（5）開放回答題。只要言之有理，積極向上即