新概念英語第三冊+Lesson+8+A+famous+monastery+講義

Lesson8Afamousmonastery??Part1:TextTheGreatStBernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.At2470metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.ThefamousmonasteryofStBernard,whichwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.Forhundredsofyears,StBernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthedangerousPass.Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatch-dogseveninRomantimes.Nowthatatunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashly

attempttocrossthePassonfoot.

Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars,Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.Thetemperaturedropsto-30andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.ThemonksPreferwintertosummerfortheyhavemoreprivacy.Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofthemountains,alwaysreceiveawarm.WelcomeatStBernard'smonastery.

??Part2:Newwordsandexpressions1.monastery['m?n?stri]n.寺院，修道院2.St.Bernard

圣伯納德3.pass[pa:s]n.關(guān)隘4.watchdog['w?t?d?:g]n.看門狗5.rashly['r??li]a.莽撞地，冒失地6.enclosure[in'kl?u??]n.圍場，圈地

7.monk[m??k]n.和尚，僧侶,修道士8.privacy['praiv?si]n.清靜，隱居

9.skier['ski:?]n.滑雪者

10.Easter['i:st?]n.復(fù)活節(jié)★Monastery

n.寺院，修道院(asacredbuildingwheremonkslive)abbot

n.男修道院院長

abbess

n.女修道院院長convent/nunnery

n.女修道會,女修道院(asacredbuildingwherenunslive)nun

n.修女

SisterMaria圣母瑪利亞;

Brother和尚“SoundofMusic”《音樂之聲》“SisterAct”《修女也瘋狂》★St.

Bernard

圣伯納德WestminsterAbbey威斯敏斯特大教堂St.Paul’sCathedral圣保羅大教堂St.：Saintn.圣人;

Strait海峽；SaintValentine’sDay情人節(jié)Eg.Peoplewillsendaspecialcard,flowersesp.redrosestosomeonetheylovebutwithoutsayingwhotheyare.TaiwanStrait臺灣海峽WallStreet華爾街WallstreetisinN.Y.,famousasstockmarketwhichisthemostimportantfinancialcenterinAmerica.

★Pass

1.名詞

n.

1）aroadorpathwhichgoesthrough小路，小徑；2）aplacethatisdifficulttocross關(guān)隘，山隘cometoaprettypass陷入困境（對頂修飾）adeadliving;雖生猶死alivingdeathEg.Amountainpassisanarrowgapbetweenmountains.

intersection交叉路口，十字路口crossroad交叉路口，十字路口

ata/thecrossroad轉(zhuǎn)折點2.v.通過；經(jīng)過；度過；傳遞；發(fā)生passexamination

通過考試passhat

募捐passsbsugar

把糖遞給★watchdog['w?t?d?:g]n.看門Awatchdogcommittee

監(jiān)督委員會Aguarddog

擔(dān)任警戒的狗；doorman看門人Abodyguard保鏢；asecurityguard保安★rashly['r??li]a.莽撞地，冒失地1.makedecisionsrashly2.rashadj.

makearashdecision

eg.Don’tmakerashdecisionsaboutyourfuture.Takeitseriously.Itwasrashofyoutosightheformwithoutreadingit.

??perfunctory.Adj.草率的；敷衍的eg.Youshouldneverbeperfunctoryaboutyourwork.

??Morehaste,lessspeed.欲速則不達(dá)。★enclosuren.圍場，圈地；附件1.walledenclosure

四周有圍墻的場地eg.Theenclosureofpubliclandmeantthatordinarypeoplecouldnolongeruseit.公用地的圈占意味著普通人不能再使用這塊土地2.enclose.v.圍起；把…裝入；封入encloseagardenwithawall

Eg.Themountainswereenclosedinmist（薄霧）.

Enclosed/Attached,pleasefindsomepicturesofthecars.茲附上幾張汽車照片請查收。??wrap(putsomepaperorsth.elsearoundsth./sb.)用…包起來??bewrappedupwith/insth.(givetoomuchattentionto…)

對于…過于重視而疏忽了…；埋頭于eg.Mr.Kramerhasbeenwrappedupwithhiscareerthathehasnotimetotakecareofhisfamily.BewrappedupinEnglish!★monk[m??k]n.和尚，僧侶,修道士1.monk'scloth

僧侶布2.ThemanwasamonkfromEmeiMountain.那人是峨眉山上下來的和尚?！飌rivacy['praiv?si]n.清靜，隱居

privacyenhancedmail

加密郵件privacydevice

隱蔽設(shè)備,保密設(shè)備...dataprivacy

數(shù)據(jù)保密例：Everyonehashisownprivacy.每個人都有自己的隱私。Iobjecttoourprivacybeinginvaded.

我反對我們的隱私權(quán)受到侵害。??isolatev.隔離；孤立leadaisolatedlife

過著孤獨的生活★skier['ski:?]n.滑雪者water-skier

滑水家waterskier

滑水運動員V.skiskialong〔down,past〕

滑雪滑去〔滑下,滑過〕★Easter['i:st?]n.復(fù)活節(jié)EasterBunny

復(fù)活節(jié)小兔子..Easteregg

復(fù)活節(jié)彩蛋at

Easter

在復(fù)活節(jié)

at

Christmas

在圣誕節(jié)at

Thanksgiving

在感恩節(jié)??Part

3:Notesonthetext★The

Great

St.

Bernard

Pass

connects

Switzerland

to

Italy.connect…to…/join….to…

/link…with/to…connect...with/and…

把...與某事聯(lián)系在一起eg.

TaiwanStraitconnectsmainlandwithTaiwan.

contactv./n.

（與人）聯(lián)系keepincontactwithsb./keepin

touch

withsb.relatev.

聯(lián)系（抽象）eg.Theriseincrimesrelatescloselytotheincreaseinunemployment.

犯罪率的上升與失業(yè)率的上升緊密相關(guān)。linkv.

鏈接；與…有關(guān)eg.

Flu

islinkedto

virus.

★At

2,473

metres,

it

is

the

highest

mountain

pass

in

Europe.At

2,473

metres：表示海拔高度（介詞短語修飾全句用于句首表示原因、條件或狀態(tài)）Eg.

In

red,she

looks

much

more

beautiful.At

the

age

of

25,he

is

able.

在25歲的時候,

他很能干。At

one

point

65

metres,he

is

a

little

short.At1,980metres,HeavenLake（天池）isthehighesttouristattractioninChina.

天池海拔1980米，是中國最高的旅游景點?！颰he

famous

monastery

of

St.

Bernard,

witch

was

founded

inthe

eleventh

century,

lies

abouta

mile

away.1.

found（v.建立,創(chuàng)立）=setup（設(shè)立,豎立）=establish（vt.成立，建立）Eg.

TheUnitedNationswasfoundedin1945.

establishv.建立，成立（tostartacompanyoranorganization.)Eg.

RockefellerestablishedtheStandardOilCompany（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油公司）

in1870.constructv.

構(gòu)造

buildup逐步建立；增強…體質(zhì)，建立…信心Eg.TheregimebuiltupthelargestarmyinAfrica.該政權(quán)逐漸建立起非洲最大規(guī)模的軍隊。buildupenergy

增強體力;buildupcredit

樹立信譽2.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句（見4）★For

hundreds

of

years,

St.

Bernard

dogs

have

saved

the

lives

of

travellers

crossing

the

dangerous

Pass.saveone’slife=

“Help!”=“Spareme!”★These

friendly

dogs,

which

were

first

brought

from

Asia,

were

used

as

watchdogs

even

inRoman

times.bring…from…“從…引進…”eg.The

panda,which

was

brought

from

China,was

used

as

a

symbol

of

friendship.bringin:把…拿進來；帶進來；收獲（莊稼等）；賺（錢）Thefirmdecidedtobringinanewmanagementteam.該公司決定聘請新的管理團隊?！颪ow

that

a

tunnel

has

been

built

through

the

mountains,

the

Pass

is

less

dangerous,

but

eachyear,

the

dogs

are

still

sent

out

into

the

snow

whenever

a

traveller

is

in

difficulty.1.Nowthat既然；由于（口語中that可?。?）用做時間連接詞,后面通常跟完成式Now

that

you

have

left

university,you

have

to

find

a

job.2）用做原因連接詞時,后面時態(tài)不限Now

that

you

won't

help

me,I

must

do

the

job

myself.表示原因的介詞短語：dueto由于（書面語）Eg.Duetotheheavysnow,Iwasfirmlystuckontheroad.

becauseofowingto由于，因為，多虧（通常用于句首）Eg.Owingtoherhelpandkindness,Ifinallyweatheredthestorm(渡過難關(guān)）.thanksto幸虧，由于（onlyusedtoexplainwhyorhowsth.goodhashappened.)Eg.Thankstomybelovedmother,I’vegotwhereIamtoday.

2.whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however

=no

matter

who/what/when/where/which/how--Whenever

you

areintrouble,justletmeknow.

--Whichever

day

you

come,we'll

be

pleased

to

see

you.

--However

busy

you

are,you

must

spare

some

time

to

study.--Wherever

you

go,I'll

follow

you.

--Whateverhappens,donotgiveup.

★Despite

the

new

tunnel,

there

are

still

a

few

people

who

rashly

attempt

to

cross

the

Pass

on

foot.1.despite(介詞)=in

spite

of(of是介詞)+短語despitethefactthat=inspiteofthefactthat+（同位語從句）2.attempt

v.n.嘗試，企圖attemptto

do

something

(try

to

do

sth.difficultordangerous)

企圖做某事Eg.anattemptonthelifeoftheformerIranianPrimeMinister試圖殺害伊朗前總理??tempt.V.引誘，誘惑Eg.Nothingcouldtempthimtosuchacourseofaction.什么都不能誘使他去那樣做。★During

the

summer

months,

the

monastery

is

very

busy,

for

it

is

visited

by

thousands

of

people

who

cross

the

Pass

in

cars.in

cars=by

car

★As

there

are

so

many

people

about,

the

dogs

have

to

be

kept

in

a

special

enclosure.1.Withsomanypeopleabout,…about（adv.到處,周圍）Don'tlitterwastepaperabout.不要到處扔廢紙。

litter（vt.亂丟,鋪草,弄亂）2.keep經(jīng)常和介詞短語、形容詞、分詞搭配使用,表示使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)。

Keep

him

out./Keep

him

in.（介詞）Do

keep

the

cat

in

the

room.（介詞）I'm

sorry

to

keep

you

waiting.（現(xiàn)在分詞）★In

winter,

however,

life

at

the

monastery

is

quite

different.quite

the

opposite恰恰相反onthecontrary相反Eg.Itseemsthathedidn’tenjoyhimselfinParis.Onthecontrary,hehadagreattime.★The

temperature

drops

to

-30°and

very

few

people

attempt

to

cross

the

Pass.The

monks

prefer

winter

to

summer

of

they

have

more

privacy.1.dropto下降，跌至go(sharply)downto

Eg.Thepricedropsonlytohalfasmuchasitusedto.

(riseupto;jumpupto;goupto;climbupto;升至)dropin

Eg.Dropintoseeusanytime.隨便什么時候順便來看看我們It‘simpropertodropinonhimsocasually.這樣冒冒失失去找他可不好。Oh!Ijustdropinonhimforachat.哦，我只是順便來和他聊聊天

dropbyEg.Ihavetodropbythebanktogetsomemoney.我得到銀行去取一下錢Wouldyoudropbywhenyouareintown?你來城里就來玩好嗎?2.prefer的用法：

preferdoingsth.

prefertodosth.prefersb.todo;

prefer

A

toB

;

preferdoingAtodoingB=prefertodoAratherthandoB★The

only

regular

visitors

to

the

monastery

in

winter

are

parties

of

skiers

who

go

there

atChristmas

and

Easter.1.the

regular

visitors

to

+

地點.“?？汀眗egularcustomer熟客;regularlawyer職業(yè)律師；regulararmy正規(guī)軍；regularmeeting例會2.apartyofvisitors一群造訪者;

afloodofrefugees一群難民ahostoffriends

一群狐朋狗友;

agalaxyofbeauties一群美女a(chǎn)oddcollectionofpeople一群怪人??Part

4:Grammar&Difficultpoints限制性定語從句和非限制