病原生物學（微生物部分）題庫：05

1.細菌的遺傳物質(zhì)包括____________。a.核質(zhì)和質(zhì)粒b.核質(zhì)、質(zhì)粒和附加體c.核質(zhì)、質(zhì)粒和前噬菌體d.核質(zhì)和前噬菌體e.核質(zhì)、附加體和前噬菌體2.與細菌致育性有關(guān)的因子是____________。a.R決定因子b.F因子c.V因子d.X因子e.Col因子3.有關(guān)質(zhì)粒的敘述不正確的是____________。a.質(zhì)粒是細菌核質(zhì)以外的遺傳物質(zhì)b.質(zhì)粒是細菌必備結(jié)構(gòu)c.質(zhì)粒能在胞漿中自行復制d.與某些細菌的耐藥性有關(guān)e.質(zhì)粒可獨立存在于細菌體內(nèi)4.有關(guān)耐藥性質(zhì)粒的描述錯誤的一項是____________。a.由耐藥傳遞因子(RTF)和耐藥決定因子組成b.RTF和F質(zhì)粒的功能相似，編碼細菌性菌毛c.R質(zhì)粒的轉(zhuǎn)移是造成細菌間耐藥性傳播的主要原因d.細菌耐藥性的產(chǎn)生是由于R質(zhì)粒基因突變所致e.耐藥決定因子可編碼細菌多重耐藥性5.轉(zhuǎn)化過程中受體菌攝取供體菌遺傳物質(zhì)的方式是____________。a.胞飲b.通過性菌毛c.通過噬菌體d.細胞融合e.直接攝取6.關(guān)于耐藥性突變，下列敘述錯誤的是：____________。a.可以自然發(fā)生b.可以誘導發(fā)生c.具有相對穩(wěn)定性d.可由噬菌體介導發(fā)生e.是在接觸抗生素之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生7.溶原性轉(zhuǎn)換：____________。a.由R質(zhì)粒參與b.由性菌毛介導c.由毒性噬苗體參與d.由溫和噬菌體參與e.是受體菌直接攝取供體菌的DNA片段8.能產(chǎn)生外毒索的白喉桿菌，是因為其有____________。a.R質(zhì)粒b.F質(zhì)粒c.Vi質(zhì)粒d.Col質(zhì)粒e.前噬菌體9.細菌轉(zhuǎn)導和溶源性轉(zhuǎn)換的共同特點是____________。a.需質(zhì)粒參與b.需性菌毛參與c.需毒性噬菌體介導d.需溫和噬菌體介導e.共體菌和受體菌直接接觸10.關(guān)于R質(zhì)粒，敘述錯誤的是____________。a.R質(zhì)粒是編碼細菌耐藥的基因b.一種R質(zhì)粒只含有針對一種抗生素的耐藥基因c.R質(zhì)?？煞譃榻Y(jié)合性R質(zhì)粒和非結(jié)合性R質(zhì)粒d.結(jié)合性R質(zhì)粒是由耐藥傳遞因子和耐藥決定因子組成e.非結(jié)合性R質(zhì)?？山?jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化或轉(zhuǎn)導方式進入受體菌11.編碼細菌毒力的質(zhì)粒是____________。a.F質(zhì)粒b.結(jié)合性質(zhì)粒c.Vi質(zhì)粒d.R質(zhì)粒e.Col質(zhì)粒12.BCG是結(jié)核桿菌的變異株，這種變異屬于____________。a.形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的變異b.菌落的變異c.毒力的變異d.耐藥性的變異e.對理化因素抵抗力的變異13.下列哪項是預防耐藥菌株產(chǎn)生和擴散的主要措施____________。a.大劑量使用抗生素b.少量多次使用抗生素c.使用廣譜抗生素d.多種抗生素長期聯(lián)合使用e.根據(jù)藥敏實驗合理使用抗生素14.局限性轉(zhuǎn)導與噬菌體生活周期的哪個時期有關(guān)____________。a.溶原期早期b.溶原期晚期c.溶菌期早期d.溶菌期晚期e.裂解期15.普遍性轉(zhuǎn)導與噬菌體生活周期哪個時期有關(guān)____________。a.溶原期早期b.溶原期晚期c.溶菌期晚期d.溶菌期早期e.裂解期16.因長期使用廣譜性抗生素引起假膜性腸炎，細菌多是____________。a.空腸彎曲菌b.霍亂弧菌c.金黃色葡萄球菌d.甲型溶血性鏈球菌e.致病性大腸桿菌17.條件致病性微生物是____________。a.白假絲酵母菌b.乙型溶血性鏈球菌c.白喉棒狀桿菌d.鉤端螺旋體e.沙眼衣原體18.R因子最常見的轉(zhuǎn)移途徑是____________。a.轉(zhuǎn)化b.轉(zhuǎn)導c.接合d.原生質(zhì)體融合e.溶原性轉(zhuǎn)換19.下列那種因子不是質(zhì)粒____________。a.Col因子b.R因子c.性因子d.Vi因子e.轉(zhuǎn)移因子20.WhichofthefollowingeventsisMOSTlikelytobeduetobacterialconjugation?____________。a.AstrainofCorynebacteriumdiphtheriaeproducesatoxinencodedbyaprophageb.AstrainofPseudomasaeruginosaproduces,β-lactamaseencodedbyaplasmidsimilartoaplasmidofanothergram-negaiveorganismc.AnencapsulatedstrainofStreptococcuspneumoniaeacquiresthegeneforcapsuleformationfromanextractofDNAfromanotherencapsulatedstraind.AgeneencodingresistancetogentamicinintheEscherichiacoilchromosomeappearsinthegenomeofavirulentbacteriophagethathasinfectedEcoli21.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthemechanismsofresistancetoantimicrobialdrugsiscorrectEXCEPT:____________。a.Rfactorareplasmidsthatcarrythegenesforenzymeswhichmodifyoneormoredrugsb.Resistancetosomedrugsisduetoachromosomalmutaionthataltersthereceptorforthedrugc.Resistancetosomedrugsisduetotransposongenesthatcodeforenzymeswhichinactivatethedrugd.Resistancegenesarerarelytransferredbyconjugation22.內(nèi)毒素的毒性部分是____________。a.特異性多糖b.脂多糖c.核心多糖d.核心多糖和脂多糖e.類脂A23.Plasmidisbacterial____________。a.nucleicDNAb.ribosomec.metachromaticgranuled.mesosomee.extrachromosomalDNA24.C.diph