非謂語動詞考查要點(diǎn)及應(yīng)對策略2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)小題大題微技能精析精練(新高考版)

05非謂語動詞考查要點(diǎn)及應(yīng)對策略【考點(diǎn)精析】考點(diǎn)1非謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)非謂語動詞是指在句子中不是謂語的動詞,主要包括不定式、動名詞和分詞(動詞-ing形式和-ed形式),即動詞的非謂語形式。非謂語動詞除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語外,可以承擔(dān)句子的其他成分。非謂語動詞與謂語動詞是相對的概念。非謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)一覽表類別時(shí)態(tài)形式語態(tài)形式主動被動動詞不定式一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing—完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone動詞-ing一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone過去分詞一般式done—1.主、被動形式非謂語動詞與邏輯主語(通常是句子的主語)之間存在主謂、動賓關(guān)系。與邏輯主語之間存在主謂關(guān)系時(shí),用主動形式;與邏輯主語之間存在動賓關(guān)系時(shí),用被動形式。IgotalettersayingthatIwasadmittedtoakeyuniversity.Thebridgetobebuiltwillbethelongestoneonthisriver.根據(jù)非謂語動詞與謂語動詞表示的動作之間的時(shí)間先后關(guān)系確定時(shí)態(tài):(1)非謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生,用非謂語動詞的一般式;(2)非謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前,用非謂語動詞的完成式。Hearingtheinspiringnews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.IseemtohaveinvolvedmyselfinsomethingIdon’tunderstand.考點(diǎn)2非謂語動詞作主語、表語1.非謂語動詞中能作主語的有動詞-ing形式和不定式。(1)動詞-ing形式作主語表示一般的、抽象的或習(xí)慣性的動作,不定式作主語表示具體的、一次性的或尚未做的動作。Listeningtomusicismysister’shobby.Todothisistocutthefoottofittheshoe.(2)it作形式主語,代替真正作主語的動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式。常見句型有:Itis/wasnouse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasnotanyuse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasoflittleuse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasuselessdoingsth.;It’sawasteoftimedoingsth.;Itis/was+adj.+forsb.+todosth.等。ItwasnousepretendingthatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.Itisnogoodtryingthatmethod,becauseitwon’twork.Itisimportantforustomeetpersonallyalthoughwehavebeenintouchinvariousways.2.非謂語動詞中能作表語的有動詞-ing形式、動詞-ed形式和不定式。注意動詞-ing形式作表語時(shí)意為“令人感到……的”,而動詞-ed形式作表語時(shí)意為“感到……的”。TheaimofthefestivalistoincreaseawarenessofChinesecultureandtraditions.Atfirstshewasterrified,thenshepulledherselftogether.Theradiationofnuclearbombingisterrifying.考點(diǎn)3非謂語動詞作賓語1.只能跟動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞和短語:suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice,risk,keep,keepon,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,excuse,finish,miss,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等。2.只能跟不定式作賓語的動詞和短語:agree,intend,plan,demand,promise,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish,hope,want,expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,threaten,claim,hesitate,happen等。3.既可跟動詞-ing形式又可跟不定式作賓語的動詞和短語:remember,forget,regret,stop,goon,mean,start,begin,try等。如:forgettodosth.忘記要去做某事(此事未做)remembertodosth.記得去做某事(未做)regrettodosth.對要做的事感到遺憾(常跟say,trytodosth.努力做某事考點(diǎn)4非謂語動詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.“五看二聽一感覺”的感官動詞和短語(see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel)后面的賓語補(bǔ)足語有三種常見的非謂語動詞形式(do/doing/done)。do表主動和完成(被動句中to還原),doing表主動或正在進(jìn)行,done表被動或完成。IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedby.Ididn’tnoticehimgetonthesamebus.2.動詞let,make,have,get,leave,keep,find后接非謂語動詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Theteacherhadusmakeupconversationsduringclasses.Theteachergotthestudentstolookupallthewordstheydidn’tknow.3.固定短語,如advise/allow/encourage/request/warnsb.todosth.等。Thepoliceexaminedthecarsandallowedthemtogoahead.4.with/without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)常用形式:withsb./sth.doing(表主動且進(jìn)行,或表特征)Withalltheworkfinished,theywentouttoplay.Withtheteacherstandingbeside,shefeltabituneasy.Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash.考點(diǎn)5非謂語動詞作定語(1)動詞不定式作定語通常置于所修飾的名詞或代詞之后,與所修飾的詞之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂或動賓關(guān)系。Hewasthelastonetoleaveschoolyesterday.(主謂關(guān)系)Shehasalotofworktodointhemorning.(動賓關(guān)系)注意：動詞不定式既可用主動形式也可用被動形式,但其含義有所不同。試比較:Doyouhaveanythingtobuy?(動作的執(zhí)行者是“你”)Doyouhaveanythingtobebought?(動作的執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”)(2)當(dāng)名詞或代詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級、thelast、theonly等修飾,且非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語為主謂關(guān)系時(shí),常用動詞不定式作定語。Thebestplacetocatchfishonacanalisclosetothelock.(3)當(dāng)被修飾詞是表示抽象意義的名詞時(shí),常用不定式作后置定語,且不定式常用主動形式。常見的此類名詞有ability,chance,idea,attempt,plan,way,opportunity等。Weshoulddevelopthestudents’abilitytosolveproblems.注意：在作定語的動詞不定式中,如果其中的動詞是不及物動詞,不定式后面就要用必要的介詞。但是如果被不定式修飾的名詞為place,time,way等,不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上可以省去。Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?Theshoppingmallisagoodplacetogo.當(dāng)動詞與被修飾的名詞之間為主謂關(guān)系或用來表示被修飾的名詞的用途時(shí),用動詞-ing形式。Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.注意：當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與修飾詞之間為被動關(guān)系且表示正在進(jìn)行時(shí),用動詞-ing形式的被動語態(tài)作定語,表示該動作的被動和進(jìn)行。Thehousebeingbuiltovertherewillbeournewlibrary.動詞-ed形式作定語,分詞與被修飾的名詞之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。Thebookwrittenbyhimisverypopular.注意：作定語的非謂語動詞的分詞形式為doing和done。doing表示正在進(jìn)行;done表示已經(jīng)完成。boilingwater正在沸騰的水boiledwater開水考點(diǎn)6非謂語動詞作狀語1.動詞不定式作狀語,表示目的、結(jié)果、原因等。(1)作目的狀語,有時(shí)用inorderto或soasto,但soasto不用于句首。Toenjoytheconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstarttousesmartphones.Inordertocatchthetrain,shehurriedthroughherwork.(2)作結(jié)果狀語,其邏輯主語通常是句子的主語,常用結(jié)構(gòu)enoughto,so/such...asto,too...to...,onlyto等。You’reoldenoughtotravelonthetrainbyyourself.Hewassofoolishastoleavehiscarunlocked.(3)作原因狀語,此時(shí)常與表示情感的形容詞連用,如glad,happy,frightened,surprised等。Hewassurprisedtofindhisroomthoroughlycleanedandeverythingarrangedinperfectorder.注意：動詞不定式也可以跟在一些作表語的形容詞(easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,good,fit,comfortable等)后面作狀語,構(gòu)成“主語+be動詞+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),不定式用主動形式表示被動意義。Thematerialsaresoftandcomfortabletowear.動詞-ing形式作狀語,常表原因、伴隨、時(shí)間、結(jié)果等,與句子主語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。Wehearofwomenwhorunaway,leavingbehindtheirhomesandfamilies.注意：動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語時(shí),常表示意想不到的結(jié)果;而動詞-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語時(shí),常表示自然而然的結(jié)果。Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.(1)動詞-ed形式作狀語,分詞與句子主語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。Technologicalinnovations,combinedwithgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.(2)某些動詞-ed形式已經(jīng)形容詞化,且往往用于一些系表結(jié)構(gòu)中,此時(shí)這些動詞-ed形式既不表示被動,也不表示完成,而表示一種狀態(tài),如lost(迷路的),seated(坐著的),hidden(隱藏的),lost/absorbedin(沉溺于),dressedin(穿著……的),tiredof(對……感到厭倦的)等。Hehidhisfaceinhishandsagain,lostinhisownthoughts.Hewasabigmaninhisforties,smartlydressedinasuitandtie.注意：有部分分詞或不定式短語作狀語,其動詞形式的選擇不受上下文的影響,這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立成分。常用的有considering...(鑒于,考慮到);generallyspeaking(總的來說);judgingby/from...(從……來看,依據(jù)……來判斷);supposingthat...(假定……);providingthat...(假定……);giventhat...(鑒于,由于……)。(1)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn):①獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同,它獨(dú)立存在;②獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中作邏輯主語的名詞或代詞與后面的分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語等是邏輯上的主謂或動賓關(guān)系;③獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般用逗號與句子分開。(2)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成:名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞/副詞/不定式/介詞短語Everymorningtheoldmanwalksinthepark,hispetdogfollowinghimalong(=andhispetdogfollowshimalong).Shestoodthere,hereyeslookingupwardintotheskyandherhandscrossedonherbreast.特別提示：語法填空題考法(1)若非謂語動詞與邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系,且表示正在進(jìn)行,要想到用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(doing);(2)若非謂語動詞與邏輯主語之間是被動關(guān)系,且表示完成,要想到用過去分詞形式(done);(3)若非謂語動詞表示將來的動作,作狀語表示目的,在喜怒哀樂的形容詞后作原因或意料之外的結(jié)果等,要想到用不定式形式(todo)。It’s+形容詞+(for/ofsb.+)todosth.;It’snogood/use/pleasuredoingsth.;find/think/believe/consider+it+adj.+todosth.。(1)一個(gè)句子無論是主句還是從句,必須要有謂語,一般空格所在的句子中無其他動詞,則填謂語動詞。謂語動詞要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致等;(2)若句中找到了謂語動詞,而又找不到連詞(并列連詞或從句連詞)時(shí),則所給動詞一定用作非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞需要確定是-ing形式、過去分詞形式還是不定式形式?！菊骖}演練】1.(2022·北京高考)Fearfulthathemighthaveanintentiontoharm(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.

2.(2022·北京高考)Whydohumansprefersomesmellsoverothers?Onetheory,increasinglysupported(support)byexperts,suggeststhatsmellpreferencesarelearned.3.(2022·北京高考)Helenwaswalkingdownthestreetlateintheevening,herarmsfilled(fill)withgrocerybags.4.(2021·全國甲卷)Seeing(see)theworldisamustforchildren.5.(2021·全國乙卷)Sobeing(be)interestingatadinnerpartyisn’tthathard.6.(2022·浙江高考)ThatapproachbroughtCobb’sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplanstocontinue(continue)thepractice.

7.(2022·全國乙卷)Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplaying(play)gamesofhideandseek.8.(2022·全國甲卷)AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreeted(greet)byagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鵝)longingtosayhello.9.(2022·全國甲卷)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperationheld(hold)inBeijing.Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.10.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽臺),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthefalling(fall)child.11.(2022·浙江高考)Ihadneverseensomanypeoplewanting(want)food.12.(2022·全國乙卷)Tostrengthen(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,inviting(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

13.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbeduptosee(see)them.

14.(2022·全國甲卷)Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,planning(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.15.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincrease(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

16.(2022·北京高考)Crystalsetouttochange(change)that,andhelpedtocreateaglobalmovement.

17.(2021·全國甲卷)Itispossibletowalk(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.

18.(2021·全國乙卷)Minimizetheimpactofvisiting(visit)theplace.【考點(diǎn)精練】一、完成句子1.電子郵件讓人們覺得互相保持聯(lián)系很方便。E-mailmakespeoplefeelitconvenientto.2.政府無法拿出更多的錢來改善醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生事業(yè)。ThegovernmenttheNationalHealthService.3.I(相信)hisinnocence.（根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子）4.“通過改變自己來改變世界?！边@激起了我的動力?！癈hangetheworldbychangingyourself.”This.5.雖然他學(xué)了幾年英語，但他與當(dāng)?shù)厝私涣魅匀挥欣щy。AlthoughhehadlearntEnglishforseveralyears,hestillwiththenativepeople.6.毫無疑問在如今這個(gè)充滿競爭的社會，保持幽默有助于減少壓力并促進(jìn)創(chuàng)造性思維(contribute)。Thereisnodoubtthatinthiscompetitivesociety,.7.聯(lián)合國成立于1945年，其主要使命是維護(hù)國際和平與安全。（非限制性定語從句；動詞不定式作表語）TheUnitedNations,,wasfoundedin1945.8.我愿意為有意義的書花錢。I’dliketomeaningfulbooks.9.健康飲食的基本要訣是細(xì)嚼慢咽。這個(gè)不僅能讓你的身體更好地消化食物，還能防止被食物噎住。healthyeatingistoeatslowly.Thiscannotonlyallowyourbodytodigestyourfoodbetter,butpreventyoufromthefood.10.TheGrandCanyonneverfailstotouristsitsuniquescenery.大峽谷永遠(yuǎn)讓人對它的獨(dú)特美景印象深刻。11.Ifsomeonemakesabadmistakewhichharmstheirowninterests,theyaresaidto.如果有人犯下了無意中損害自身利益的嚴(yán)重錯誤，人們就會說，這樣的人是在進(jìn)烏龍球。12.bythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”他被這段音樂打動了，他說：“那種（興奮的）感覺就如同第一次看見色彩一樣。”13.我認(rèn)為享利不是做這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。Idon’tthinkHenryis.14.劉洋是第一位在太空逗留過的中國女性。LiuYangisthefirstChinesefemalestayedinspace.15.作為一個(gè)醫(yī)生，鐘南山必須了解藥品的最新發(fā)展動態(tài)。Asadoctor,ZhongNanshanhastothelatestdevelopmentsinmedicine.16.山頂?shù)拿谰傲钏@嘆，他知道，作為唯一堅(jiān)持要登頂?shù)娜?，自己是對的。Withthebeautifulsceneryofthepeak,heknewhewasrightastheonlypersonthathadclimbingtothetop.17.由缺乏交流而引起的家庭問題越來越多。Therearemoreandmoreproblemsthelackofcommunication.18.李華申請了去美國的護(hù)照。LiHuahasapassporttotheUSA.19.Peoplethattheproblemwillneveraffectthem,buttimewouldtell.人們往往認(rèn)為這個(gè)問題絕不會影響到他們，但時(shí)間會證明一切。20.Whydon’tyoualsotakemyadviceandthinkcarefullybefore.為什么你不在不加思索匆匆投入之前也采納我的建議，認(rèn)真思考。21.總有一天我們會長大，離開父母，獨(dú)自面對生活的挑戰(zhàn)。We'llfinallygrowupsomeday,.22.他們住在一所四周被樹木所環(huán)繞的房子里，樹木大部分是松樹。(過去分詞作定語)Theylivedin,andmostofthetreeswerepinetrees.23.一支救援隊(duì)伍正在搜尋被困在山里的五名游客。fivetouristsinthemountain.24.醫(yī)生說，憤怒會是極具破壞性的，除非你學(xué)會如何處理它。Doctorssayangercanbeextremelydamaging,unlessyoulearnit.25.Weteenagersshouldsomethingusefultothesociety.我們青年人應(yīng)該以為社會做貢獻(xiàn)為目標(biāo)。26.打好包裹，他放在桌上就入睡了。hisbag,heplaceditonthedeskandwenttosleep.27.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose_________________andtoburythedead.(trap)部隊(duì)人員組織小分隊(duì)，將被困的那些人挖出來，并將死者掩埋。28.這篇文章值得一讀。Thisarticleis.=thisarticle.29.Iwasgettingmoreandmoreannoyedandofcourse,themoreupsetIgot,.

我越來越煩惱，當(dāng)然了，越煩惱就越難集中精力。(the+比較級，the+比較級)30.作為一個(gè)好班長，她有能力很好地組織團(tuán)體活動。Asagoodmonitor,shehastheabilityto.31.Theytriedtothememoryfromtheirminds.他們試圖驅(qū)走心中的記憶。二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子32.Weplayhide-and-seekwhenwewerechildren.(usedto)(用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?33.Thedriverfailed（see）theothercarintime.34.Allthestudents(belong)totheschoolshallobeytherules.35.(work)allday,theyareverytired.36.—WhatmadeRodgersoupset?—(lose)threeticketsforthefootballmatch.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）37.Manytechnologicalproblemsconcerningsomeimportantmilitaryproductsremain(solve).38.(play)inthemudallmorning,thelittleboywasdirtyandwetalloverwhenhegothomeatnoon.39.Heisabletousehishandstotouchhistoeswithout

(bend)theknees.40.(compare)tobigcompanies,thesmalleronesarefacedwithmorechallenges.41.(arm)withthisknowledge,they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.42.Heintends(study)abroad.43.Iamtheofficemanagerforafamilybusiness(compose)ofthreepartnersafatherandtwosons.44.Ifinditinteresting(remember)thesevariedwordsrelatedwithlife.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）45.Whichdriverwas(blame)fortheaccident?46.Iwillrepresentourschool（take）partinthecontest.47.(walk)onthemoonistwicemoredifficultthandoingitontheearth.48.TherearesomanytypesofsmartphonesonsalethatIcan’tdecidewhich(buy).49.Fiveminuteslater,wewerestoppedbyatrafficpolicemanwhodemanded(see)mydrivinglicense.50.Thevillagershadmanytrees(plant)lastyear.51.Theearlymorningseesthearrivaloflargetruckswithtomatoes—officialfight-startersgetthingsgoingby(cast)tomatoatthecrowd.52.Afterthemanfinished(read)theletter,helookedathisfriend.53.Themilkmancrashedintothestone,(spill)themilkeverywhere.54.By2025thenumberoftheworld'spopulation(live)incountriesofsignificantwatershortagewillalmostdouble,to6billionpeople.55.TheGreatWallisbeautifulandI’mlookingforwardto_________(visit)it.56.Inthischapter,Iwillattempt(explain)whatleduptoculturaldifference.57.Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishands(bury)inthepockets.Thekingentered,58(surround)bytheCheshirearchers.59.Theyplacedthechildinanoxygententwhenhehaddifficultyin(breathe).60.Whateverhappened,wealwaysknewwestillhadtheBank(depend)on.三、單項(xiàng)選擇61.________thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearstobemorematurethanthoseofherage.A.Havingspent B.Spending C.tospend D.Spend62.—Didyougetyourpay?—Yes,Iremember__________.ButIforgettheexactamount.A.paying B.tobepaid C.beingpaid D.havingpaid63.Havingsufferedfromheartattackforyears,MichaelJacksondiedonJune25,2009,________thefallofthekingofpop.A.toannounce B.announced C.announcing D.beingannounced64.Anoverwhelmingmajorityofpeople______91percent-holdtheoppositepointofviewthatpeacecanonlybeachievedthroughdialogue.A.surveyed B.surveying C.survey D.tosurvey65._____bycuriosity,manyexpertsbelieve,willhaveapositiveeffectonadolescents’creativity.A.Driven B.Driving C.Havingdriven D.Beingdriven66.CaoCao’stombisreported______inChina,whichattractsnationwideattention.A.beingfound B.tobefoundC.havingbeenfound D.tohavebeenfound67.Sarahhoped____backandstudyinourschoolagain,soshecalledherclassteacherA.togo B.went C.gone D.going68.Whatdoyoufeelwhen_______toyourselfafteryourmobilephonebatteryrunsoutinthemiddleofacall?A.leavingtalking B.lefttalkingC.beingleavingtalking D.beinglefttalking69._____themselves,theemployeesinthecomputercompanyusuallyhaveacoffeeorteaduringtheirbreaktime.A.Toberefreshed B.BeingrefreshedC.Refreshing D.Torefresh70._________theenergyproblem,morethan100expertsfromdifferentcountriesgottogetherandhadaheateddiscussion.A.Tackling B.Tackled C.Totackle D.Havingtackled71._____asasalesgirlinadepartmentstorefor3years,Idecidedtosetupmyownbusiness.A.Worked B.WorkingC.Havingworked D.Towork72.Theyoungman,________inheavytrafficontheway,gothomeanhourlaterthanusual.A.catching B.caughtC.havingcaught D.tobecaught73.Itwasgettingdark;Ifoundacar_____inapoolbythesideoftheroad.A.tobestuck B.stuck C.sticking D.stick74.Ratherthan________onholidaytotheseaside.Iprefer________daysandgotoschoolnights.A.togo;towork B.go;work C.go;towork D.togo;work75.Topassthedrivingtest,Alicehadabusymonth__________drivingthecar.A.topractise B.practising C.practised D.practice76.Heusuallyappearstobehonest.Whocanfancysuchathing?A.hisdo B.hisdoingC.histodo D.doing77.Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime____.A.allowing B.toallow C.allowed D.allows78.It’sdangeroustohavethefire_______athomeallnightlong.A.toburn B.burnC.burned D.burning79.________quiteafewproductionsofHamlet,Iwasfullofconfidence-untilthePekingOperacametotown.A.Seeing B.Seen C.Tosee D.Havingseen80.Time,________correctly,ismoneyinthebank.A.touse B.used C.using D.use81.________theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.A.Enjoying B.Enjoyed C.Toenjoy D.Havingenjoyed82.Chinawilllaunchsomecooperationprojectswithotherdevelopingcountriesforclimatechange.A.intend B.intended C.intending D.havingintended83.Theoldmancame______totherailwaystation,only______thetrainwasslowlypullingoutofthestation.A.andran;found B.running;finding C.running;tofind D.torun;finding84.Themoneycollectedshouldbemadegooduse________thepeopleinTaiwanwhosufferedalotintheearthquake.A.ofhelping B.tohelp C.tohelping D.oftohelp85.TheShanghaiExpohasattractedmorethan73milliontourists,________itthemostsuccessfulinhistory.A.making B.makes C.madeDtomake86.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresairquality.A.toimprove B.improvedC.beingimproved D.tobeimproved87.Theyfoundthelecturehard______；theyallfeltsleepy.A.tobeunderstood B.forunderstandingC.tounderstand D.tohavebeenunderstood88.________ontheendlessgreengrassaresheep,cattleandhorses.A.Beingwandered B.Beingwandering C.Wandering D.Wandered89.Youmayhavenoticedhowbusytreesquirrelsareinfall,________foreverylastseedandnutthatcanbefoundandstockingtheirtreehomeswithenoughfood________themthroughwinter.A.tosearch;tobegotten B.searching;togetC.havingsearched;gotten D.search;getting90.Theshepherdwouldrather______thewoolthanthesheep.A.tolose B.lost C.losing D.lose91.Themanadmitted_____theoldcomputer.A.tosteal B.tostealing C.beingstolen D.havingstolen92.Forhisdream______atanearlierdate,hemustacceleratethepaceofreforminhiscompany.A.beingrealized B.torealizeC.realizing D.toberealized93.Thedishes_____sodeliciousarecookedbymyfatherwhoisagoodcook.A.tasting B.tasted C.totasted D.tobetasted94.inapoorfamily,hebecameoneofthegreatestwritersintheworld.A.Asborn B.ThatisC.Whois D.Althoughborn四、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Adviceisawordthatiswelcomedwarmlybyalotofpeople.Ithelpsin95(achieve)goalsinabetterway.Asweknow,96(experience)peopleoffertheiradvicewithapositiveattitudewithoutmakinga97(judge).Youcanlearnhowtheygiveadvice.Giveadvicetopeoplewhowelcomeit.Infact,yourfocusshouldbehelpingothersandmaking98awarethattheadvicecanbeusefuliftakenintherightspirit.Whenadvice99(give),itshouldbeshort.Itisalsoessentialthatwhilegivingadvice,oneshouldbefair.Asgivingadviceis100art,youshouldalwaysstatethepositivesidefirstsothatthepersonis101(relax)andwouldinturnwelcomeyouradvice.Giveadviceoncertainmatters.102afriendofyourswantstobuyacarandrequestsyouradviceonthematter,youraimshouldbetogivehimdetailsaboutthingstobepurchased,butyouneednotgoforsomeparticularbrandsoritems.103(similar),adviceonsomeotherimportantissues,likestayingintherelationshiporfutureplanning,needstobegiven104(cautious).參考答案一、1.keepintouchwitheachother【解析】考查固定短語和非謂語動詞。表示“保持聯(lián)系”應(yīng)用keepintouchwith，it為形式賓語，動詞不定式為真正的賓語，此處需填動詞原形和to構(gòu)成動詞不定式；表示“互相”應(yīng)用eachother。故填keepintouchwitheachother。2.can’tcommitanymoremoneytoimproving【解析】考查短語和動詞。對比中英文句子可知，空處需填“無法拿出更多的錢來改善”，“無法”用can’t表達(dá)，“花錢做某事”可用commit+錢+todoingsth.，commit在情態(tài)動詞can后應(yīng)用原形；“更多的錢”表達(dá)為moremoney，用any表強(qiáng)調(diào)，指一點(diǎn)多余的錢也拿不出來了，“改善”用improve表達(dá)，此處用其動名詞形式作介詞to的賓語。故填can’tcommitanymoremoneytoimproving。3.amconvincedof【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：我相信他的無辜。根據(jù)漢語提示以及下文innocence(無辜)可知，句子要表達(dá)的是“對他的無辜深信不疑”，能表達(dá)這一含義的是固定搭配beconvincedof，又因?yàn)橹髡Z是第一人稱單數(shù)，故填amconvincedof。4.getsmemotivated【解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)所給中文提示詞和英文翻譯，需翻譯部分是“激起了我的動力”，此處是固定搭配：getsb.motivated意為“激勵某人”，過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。此處是描述的客觀狀態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是this，為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填getsmemotivated。5.hadtroublecommunicating【解析】考查動詞短語，時(shí)態(tài)及非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意可知，表示“做某事有困難”應(yīng)用動詞短語havetroubledoingsth.，此處用動名詞作賓語。表示“交流”應(yīng)用動詞communicate。根據(jù)“AlthoughhehadlearntEnglishforseveralyears”可知，此處是指從過去之前的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)到過去為止學(xué)英語已有幾年，所以主句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填hadtroublecommunicating。6.maintaininghumorcontributestoreducingstressandpromotingcreativethinking【解析】考查短語和非謂語動詞。maintainhumor“保持幽默”，作主語，用動名詞形式，contributetodoingsth.有助于做某事，作謂語，陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；reducestress減少壓力；promotecreativethinking促進(jìn)創(chuàng)造性思維，這兩個(gè)短語作介詞to的賓語，應(yīng)用動名詞形式。故填maintaininghumorcontributestoreducingstressandpromotingcreativethinking。7.whosemainmissionistopreserveinternationalpeaceandsecurity【解析】考查定語從句?？仗帪槎ㄕZ從句，關(guān)系詞在句中作定語，表示所屬關(guān)系，故用whose引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。在該定語從句中，主語是mission，故用不定式作表語來對其內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步解釋說明。維護(hù)國際和平與安全翻譯為“preserveinternationalpeaceandsecurity”。故填whosemainmissionistopreserveinternationalpeaceandsecurity。8.payfor【解析】考查動詞短語。本句主語為人，根據(jù)句意，表示“為...花錢”應(yīng)用動詞短語payfor，wouldliketodosth表示喜歡做某事，此處動詞應(yīng)用原形形式，故填payfor。9.A/Thefundamentalkeytochokingon【解析】考查名詞短語、動名詞。根據(jù)漢語提示，第一句中缺“……的基本要訣”，“基本”表達(dá)為形容詞fundamental，作定語修飾“要訣”，“要訣”表達(dá)為名詞key，可用a或the修飾key，“……的要訣”應(yīng)用介詞to，后接賓語“健康飲食”，介詞短語作key的后置定語，名詞短語作主語。第二句考查動詞短語preventyoufromdoing，設(shè)空處缺“噎住”，應(yīng)表達(dá)為動詞chokeon的動名詞形式，作from的賓語。故填：①A/The；②fundamental；③key；④to；⑤choking；⑥on。10.impresswith【解析】考查固定短語。對照中英文句意可知，空處需表示“讓……對……印象深刻”之意，impresssb.with.“讓……對……印象深刻”,固定搭配，符合題意，failtodosth.未能做某事，固定搭配，所以第一空處需用動詞原形，第二個(gè)空填介詞。故填impress；with。11.unintentionallyhavescoredanowngoal【解析】考查副詞、短語和非謂語動詞。修飾動詞harms，用副詞形式。unintentionally非故意地。scoreanowngoal進(jìn)烏龍球。表示發(fā)生在謂語動作之前的動作，所以用不定式的完成式。根據(jù)句意，故填unintentionally;havescoredanowngoal。12.Moved【解析】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中已有謂語動詞，所以move用非謂語形式，與邏輯主語he構(gòu)成被動的關(guān)系，因此使用動詞的過去分詞形式，在句中作狀語。故填Moved。13.thebestmantodothejob【解析】考查形容詞最高級以及非謂語動詞。最佳人選使用“thebestman”，后接不定式作后置定語，做這項(xiàng)工作的應(yīng)為“todothejob”，故填thebestmantodothejob。14.tohave【解析】考查動詞不定式的完成時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，序數(shù)詞first后需用動詞不定式作定語，即thefirst…todosth.，因?yàn)榇颂巹幼靼l(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，所以此處動詞不定式需用其完成時(shí)態(tài)：tohavedone。故填to；have。15.keeptrackof【解析】考查固定短語。結(jié)合句意“了解”可知短語為keeptrackof，上文為havetodosth.。故填①keep；②track；③of。16.takinghisbreathawayinsistedon【解析】考查固定短語，非謂語動詞和時(shí)態(tài)。對比中英文句子可知，前四空意為“令他驚嘆”，是固定短語takehisbreathaway，空格處是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，“thebeautifulsceneryofthepeak”和“takehisbreathaway”之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞taking表主動，作賓語補(bǔ)足語，因此前四空分別是taking，his，breath，away；后兩空意為“堅(jiān)持”，由空后的climbing可知，“堅(jiān)持”是固定短語insiston，由had可知，時(shí)態(tài)是過去完成時(shí)，因此insist用過去分詞，因此后兩空分別是insisted，on。故填taking，his，breath，away，insisted，on。17.arising/coming/resultingfrom【解析】考查非謂語動詞及固定搭配。分析句子可知，此處已有謂語動詞are，故此處應(yīng)用非謂語；arise/come/resultfrom為固定搭配，意為“導(dǎo)致”，為不及物動詞詞組，無被動。故填arising/coming/resultingfrom。18.appliedfor【解析】考查過去分詞和固定短語。根據(jù)句意可知，空格處對應(yīng)的是句意中“申請”的意思，“applyfor”，意為“申請”，符合句意。根據(jù)句意，申請的動作已經(jīng)完成，故句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，句式為“主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞”，應(yīng)用apply的過去分詞形式applied表已完成的動作。故填appliedfor。19.tendtothink【解析】考查動詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)?！巴J(rèn)為”即“傾向于認(rèn)為”，可用動詞短語tendtothink...表示，其中不定式作賓語；陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，又因主語是people，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填tend；to；think。20.jumpinginwithbothfeet【解析】考查動名詞。jumpinwithbothfeet全心全意地從事；不加思索地匆匆投入。介詞before后接動名詞形式作賓語。根據(jù)句意，故填jumpinginwithbothfeet。21.leavingourparentsandfacinglifechallengesalone【解析】考查固定短語和非謂語動詞。結(jié)合句意表示“離開父母”短語為leaveourparents；表示“獨(dú)自面對生活的挑戰(zhàn)”短語為facelifechallengesalone，此處與邏輯主語we構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填leavingourparentsandfacinglifechallengesalone。22.ahousesurroundedbytrees【解析】考查非謂語動詞?！耙凰闹鼙粯淠舅h(huán)繞的房子”中心名詞是ahouse,“被樹木所環(huán)繞的”是定語部分，應(yīng)使用過去分詞短語surroundedbytrees充當(dāng)后置定語表示被動意義。故填ahousesurroundedbytrees。23.Arescueteamissearchingfortrapped【解析】考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、短語和過去分詞。表示“一支救援隊(duì)伍”用arescueteam，在句中作主語；表示“搜尋”用短語searchfor，根據(jù)漢語提示，可知，搜尋的動作正在進(jìn)行，所以時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，所以此處有issearchingfor；表示“陷入（困境）”用非謂語動詞trap，與tourists為動賓關(guān)系，所以此處用過去分詞作后置定語，故填①Arescueteamissearchingfor；②trapped。24.howtodealwith/whattodowith【解析】考查“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。表示“如何處理”應(yīng)用howtodealwith/whattodowith，為“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作動詞learn的賓語。故填howtodealwith/whattodowith。25.aimatcontributing【解析】考查動詞短語，動名詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和漢語提示，設(shè)空處缺“以……為目標(biāo)”，“貢獻(xiàn)”?！耙浴瓰槟繕?biāo)”作謂語，表達(dá)為動詞短語aimat，空前為should，應(yīng)用動詞原形，at為介詞，后接賓語，應(yīng)用名詞或動名詞；“為……做貢獻(xiàn)”表達(dá)為動詞短語contributeto,做at的賓語時(shí)，應(yīng)用contributing。故填aimatcontributing。26.Withpacked【解析】考查非謂語動詞和With復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子和句意可知，“打好包裹”用with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，故空一用with，pack“打包；收拾”，與邏輯主語bag是被動關(guān)系，兩者之間是被動關(guān)系用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填①With②packed。27.whoweretrapped(trapped)【解析】考查定語從句。修飾人的引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該為who，所以此處可填whoweretrapped，亦可以直接省略whowere，用trap過去分詞作定語與其修飾的詞是被動關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動語態(tài)的定語從句，故填whoweretrapped(trapped)28.worthreadingItisworthwhiletoread/reading【解析】考查固定句型?！爸档谩笨捎霉潭ň湫?..beworthdoing或者Itisworthwhiletodo.../doing表示,“讀”用動詞read；其中...beworthdoing句型中現(xiàn)在分詞主動表被動，所以第一空處填worthreading；句型Itisworthwhiletodo.../doing中It是形式主語，可用不定式和動名詞作主語，語意一致，所以第一空處填I(lǐng)tisworthwhiletoread/reading。故填①worthreading；②Itisworthwhiletoread/reading。29.thelessIwasabletoconcentrate【解析】考查比較級，時(shí)態(tài)和動詞。根據(jù)中英文和提示詞，空格處缺少“越難集中精力”，“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……越……”，是固定句型，主語是I，beabletodosth.“能夠做某事”，前文用一般過去時(shí)，故此處也用一般過去時(shí)，concentrate“集中”，修飾動詞用little，表示否定，比較級用less。故填thelessIwasabletoconcentrate。30.organizegroupactivitiesverywell【解析】考查動詞和名詞。根據(jù)中文提示可知，表示“很好地組織團(tuán)體活動”可用短語organizegroupactivitiesverywell，其中g(shù)roupactiviti