英語人教版高中選擇性必修一（2019新編）Unit 5質(zhì)量檢測試卷

高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修Book2Unit5質(zhì)量檢測試卷第一部分品詞填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Withthegovernment’said,thosepeople__________(受影響)bythefloodhavemovedforthenewsettlements.2．Threecamels,slowly________(咀嚼),wererestingontheirkneesandwatchingourarrivalwithinterest.3．Inthedistance,elephantswereeatinggrass,ears________(拍打)lazilyastheymovedslowlyovertheplains.4．Thefootballteam,________(組成)of20playersand3coaches,wassetupabout3yearsago.5．Theexhibition________(發(fā)起)bytheSocietyofCulturewasasuccess.6．Peoplestartedto________(驚慌)whenthecitywaslockeddown.7．Itispredictedthatsome________(器官)canbeclonedinthefuture.8．Thelatest__________(技術(shù))inoceanographyarenowavailabletomanymorescientists.9．Thisjacketistoobig,evenwithasweater________(在底下).10．Theboywastreatedfora__________(輕微的)headwound.11．This__________(受害者)sufferedadreadfulinjuryandlostalotofblood.12．Allthisworkmustbefinishedwithout________(延誤).13．The__________(年老的)manisquiteenergetic.14．Wegotan__________(救護車)andrushedhertohospital.15．Weapologizeforthe________(延遲)inansweringyourletter.16．Theartistcombinesdifferent________(技術(shù))inthesamepainting.17．Alongscarfwas__________(裹)roundherneck.18．Thewindowswereshininginthereflected________(光線)ofthesettingsun.19．Jackmanagedto________(吞下)themedicinewithafrown.20．Thereisa(an)________(緊急的)needforfoodandwaterinthisfloodedarea.【答案】1．Affected2．Chewing3．Flapping4．consisting5．Sponsored6．Panic7．Organs8．techniques9．Underneath10．Minor11．Victim12．delay13．Elderly14．Ambulance15．Delay16．techniques17．Wrapped18．Rays19．Swallow20．urgent第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AHuangguoshuWaterfall,GuizhouLocatedinsouthwestAnshun,GuizhouProvince,HuangguoshuWaterfallisthelargestandmostwonderfulgroupofwaterfallsinChina.Withsplendidscenery,thewaterfallwasincludedintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsastheworld'slargestwaterfallgroupin1999.Itis77.8metershighand101meterswide,with17smallerwaterfalls.Besttimetovisit:MaytoOctoberAdmission:180yuan(March1toOct.31);160yuanoff-season(Nov.1toFeb.28)Shigatse,TibetKanasLake,lyinginavalleyintheAltaiMountains,islocatedneartheverynortherntipofXinjiangUygurAutonomous(自治的)Region.Thelakeisfamousforitsfantasticnaturallandscapeandmysteriouslocallegend.Itissurroundedbythicklayersofforest,andthecolorofthewaterchangesaccordingtodifferentseasons,weatheranddepth.KanasNatureReservefoundedin1980isnowconsideredaparadise(天堂)fortravelersandhikers.Besttimetovisit:June,SeptemberAdmision:150yuan(April1toOct.31);80yuanof-season(Nov.1toMarch31)JiuzhaiValley,SichuanJiuzhaiValleyinAbaTibetanandQiangAutonomousPrefecture,SichuanProvince,isamagicalfairylandinnaturethatenchantstouristswithmountains,forests,lakes,waterfallsandcrowdedwildlife.Duringautumn,colorfulleavesarereflectedintheclearwaters.Lakesvaryincoloraccordingtotheirdepths,anglesandsurroundings,strikingalivelycontrastwiththeblueskyandsnow-whiteclouds.Besttimetovisit:SeptembertoOctoberAdmission:220yuan(April1toNov.15);80yuan(Nov.16toMarch30)ChangbaiMountain,JilinChangbaiMountaininsoutheasternJilinProvinceislocatedontheborder(邊界)betweenChinaandNorthKorea.ConsideredasthemostfamousmountaininnortheastChina,ChangbaiMountainhasrichbiodiversity(生物多樣性).Withanaveragealtitudeof2,000meters,themountainiswell-knownforitssnowyscenery,coolsummersandmanymineralsprings.Admission:100yuanforadults;50yuanforchildrenHours:8a.m.to4p.m.21.Whichoftheplacesbelowbestsuitstravelersandhikers?A.HuangguoshuWaterfall. B.Shigatse. C.JiuzhaiValley. D.ChangbaiMountain.22.HowmuchdoacoupleandtheirtwinspayiftheyvisitChangbaiMountain?A.300yuan. B.250yuan. C.200yuan. D.150yuan.23.Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Atraveljournal. C.Ateacher'shandbook. D.Apersonaldiary.【答案】21.B22.A23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。對國內(nèi)四個旅游景點的位置、景色、票價等信息進行了介紹?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shigatse,Tibet段落下的“KanasNatureReservefoundedin1980isnowconsideredaparadise(天堂)fortravelersandhikers.(喀納斯自然保護區(qū)建于1980年，現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是旅行者和遠(yuǎn)足者的天堂)”可知，日喀則最適合旅行者和遠(yuǎn)足者。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChangbaiMountain,Jilin段落下的“Admission:100yuanforadults;50yuanforchildren(門票：成人100元；兒童50元)”可知，一對夫婦帶著雙胞胎去長白山的話，需花費100*2+50*2=300元。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)段落小標(biāo)題“HuangguoshuWaterfall,Guizhou(貴州黃果樹瀑布)”“Shigatse,Tibet(西藏日喀則)”“JiuzhaiValley,Sichuan(四川九寨溝)”“ChangbaiMountain,Jilin(吉林長白山)”及對這些景點的介紹可推知，本文最可能出自旅游雜志。故選B。BE-bikesarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Itopenscyclingtoolderpeople,thosewithdisabilities,peoplewholiveinhillycitieswhereregularcyclingrequiresseriouseffort.Threethingsareneededtomakee-bikespopular—asafeplacetoride,goodaffordablebikesandasecureplacetopark.Safetycomesfirst.Forbikelanes(車道)towork,thenetworkhastobecontinuous,notjustforcingcyclistsintothemiddleofabusystreet.Itshouldbewellprotectedsothatthecyclistswon'tfeelthey'llbeknockeddownbycars.It'snecessarytoprovidegoodaffordablee-bikestocustomerseitherinphysicalstoresorinonlinestores.Onlyinthiswaycanpeopleconsiderbuyingoneastheirmeansoftransportation.Parkingremainsanavoidableproblemifwewanttoencouragemorepeopletoridee-bikes.InNetherlandsorCopenhagen,largebikeparkinglotsattrainandbusstationsencouragevarietiesoftransport.Peoplecaneasilyfindbikeparkingeverywhere.Thisisgoingtobeneededinothercitiestoofore-bikestoreallybecomeaformoftransportation.Asamatteroffact,peoplehavefoundthate-bikesareeffectivetransportationchoices.Arecentstudyshowsthatpeoplewhoridee-bikesincreasetheirtraveldistancefrom2.1to9.2kmperdayonaverage.Thatissuretodogoodtotheirhealth.It'salsobelievedthatifjust15%ofacity’spopulationturntoe-bikes,itwouldreducethecarbonemissions(排放)fromtransportationby12%.Alloftheseleadmetoconcludethate-bikesareafarbetterwayofdealingwithtransportationemissionsthanelectriccars.Theywon'tworkforeveryone,buttheydon'thaveto.24.Whatisthemostimportantforcyclists?A.Theirsafety. B.Affordablebikes. C.Goodparkinglot. D.Fasttransportation.25.WhyareNetherlandsandCopenhagenmentionedinParagraph2?A.Toshowtheirgoode-bikes. B.Toshowtheire-bikesareaffordable.C.Toshowcyclistshavesafeplacestoride. D.Toshowtheyoffergoodbikeparkinglots.26.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?A.Therulesofridingbicycles. B.Theadvantagesofridingbicycles.C.Thehealthbenefitsofridingbicycles. D.Theharmfulinfluenceofridingbicycles.27.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardse-bikes?A.Worried. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Unconcerned.【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了騎行電動自行車的好處及推廣電動車需從安全性、價格和停車場所三方面入手。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Safetycomesfirst.(安全第一)”可知，對于騎行者來說最重要的是安全。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句“InNetherlandsorCopenhagen,largebikeparkinglotsattrainandbusstationsencouragevarietiesoftransport.(在荷蘭或哥本哈根，火車站和公共汽車站的大型自行車停車場鼓勵使用各種交通工具)”可知，在荷蘭和哥本哈根有很好的自行車停放處。故選D?！?6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段后兩句“Thatissuretodogoodtotheirhealth.It'salsobelievedthatifjust15%ofacity’spopulationturntoe-bikes,itwouldreducethecarbonemissions(排放)fromtransportationby12%.(那肯定對他們的健康有好處。人們還認(rèn)為，如果一個城市有15%的人口轉(zhuǎn)為騎電動自行車，那么交通運輸?shù)奶寂欧帕繉p少12%)”可知，本段在說明騎電動自行車的好處。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Alloftheseleadmetoconcludethate-bikesareafarbetterwayofdealingwithtransportationemissionsthanelectriccars.(所有這些讓我得出結(jié)論，電動自行車是比電動汽車更好地處理交通排放的方式)”可知，作者對電動自行車的態(tài)度是肯定的。故選B。C“OnedayIwenttoaSwedishfriend’sandwhilewewereplayinginhisroom,hismomyelledthatdinnerwasready.Andcheckthis.HetoldmetoWAITinhisroomwhiletheyate!”anInternetusersharedonamediaplatform.Consequently,therewasalotofcriticismoftheSwedes.Manysaidtheywouldn’tdreamofbeingsomeanintheirculture.WouldahostinSwedenreallynotinviteaguesttojointheirmealifit’sdinnertime?Itdoeshappen,saysRichardTellstrom,afoodhistorianatStockholmUniversity.Hesaysthisso-called“non-hospitality”wascustomarywhenhewasakidinthe‘60sand‘70s.Ifhewasoverafriend’shouseanditwastimefordinner,hewouldgobacktohisownhousetoeat.Orhewouldstayandwaitinanotherroomwhilehisfriendfinishedhismeal.Thenthey’dcontinueplaying.“SomeSwedesthinkfeedingaguestcreatesasenseofduty.”explainsTellstrom.“Andinasocietythatvaluesequalityandindependence,peopledon’twanttoputaburdenonsomeoneorfeelliketheyowesomeonesomething.”However,itwasn’tauniversalrule.Familiesinthecountryside,forexample,weremorelikelytofeedguests.Peoplelivedfartherapart,soitwasn’taseasyforpeopletogohomeandeat.The“nodinnerforyou”policyhasslowlyfaded,saysTellstrom.“Sincethe1990s,foodhasbecomeanewsymbolinsociety.Wehaveopenkitchens.Peopleliketodinethereandshowofftheircooking.”Butnon-sharinghostshaven’tentirelydisappeared,saysMohiniMehta,afoodscholar.SheadmitsshehadatoughtimeadjustingtolifeinSwedenwhenshemovedtherein2020.ShewasusedtocookingdineeverydayforfriendsandhostingdinnerpartiesalmostweeklyinIndia.Shelearnedthatinsomecultures,likeherown,sharingamealwithsomeoneisawaytobreaktheice—butthisisn’talwaysthecaseforSwedes.28.ForwhatpurposeisParagraph1iswritten?A.Tointroducethetopicmeal-sharing.B.Toreleasethenetizen’sbadfeelings.C.Toofferaplatformtogenerateideas.D.Tocomparesomeforeignfoodcultures.29.Whatdoes“customary”underlinedinParagraph2mean?A.Particular. B.Optional. C.Normal. D.Unreasonable.30.Whydosomehostschoosenon-hospitalityaccordingtoTellstrom?A.Becausefoodrepresentsasymbolofsocialstatus.B.Becausetheydon’twanttoshowofftheircooking.C.Becauseitiswildlyacknowledgedacrossthecountry.D.Becausetheirculturevaluesequalityandindependence.31.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byanalyzingreasons.C.Byprovidingstatistics. D.Bymakingcomparisons.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。瑞典人不好客，很多時候，他們并不會邀請客人共享食物。但并非所有國家都這樣。文章對這一現(xiàn)象進行了分析?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段開頭以一個帖子“OnedayIwenttoaSwedishfriend’sandwhilewewereplayinginhisroom,hismomyelledthatdinnerwasready…HetoldmetoWAITinhisroomwhiletheyate!(有一天我去一個瑞典朋友家，當(dāng)我們在他的房間里玩的時候，他媽媽大叫說晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了。他讓我在他房間里等他們吃飯!)”引出一個問題“WouldahostinSwedenreallynotinviteaguesttojointheirmealifit’sdinnertime?(在瑞典，如果到了晚餐時間，主人真的不會邀請客人一起用餐嗎?)”。下文對這個問題進行了回答和闡述。因此，第一段的目的就是為了引出關(guān)于瑞典人是否邀請客人“共享食物”這個話題。故選A?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文中的“Itdoeshappen(這種情況的確發(fā)生過)”和下文中“Ifhewasoverafriend’shouseanditwastimefordinner,hewouldgobacktohisownhousetoeat.Orhewouldstayandwaitinanotherroomwhilehisfriendfinishedhismeal(如果他在朋友家，到了吃飯的時間，他就會回自己家吃飯?；蛘咚麜粼诹硪粋€房間里等他的朋友吃完飯)”可知，瑞典的確可能不招待客人。由此可知，在瑞典，“不款待客人”是他們的一種習(xí)慣，是常見的。故畫線詞的意思應(yīng)該是“常見的”。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的““SomeSwedesthinkfeedingaguestcreatesasenseofduty.”explainsTellstrom.“Andinasocietythatvaluesequalityandindependence,peopledon’twanttoputaburdenonsomeoneorfeelliketheyowesomeonesomething.”(“一些瑞典人認(rèn)為，為客人提供食物會讓他們產(chǎn)生一種責(zé)任感?！盩ellstrom解釋道?！霸谝粋€重視平等和獨立的社會里，人們不想給別人造成負(fù)擔(dān)，也不想覺得自己欠別人什么?！?”可知，瑞典文化重視平等和獨立，所以有些瑞典人認(rèn)為待客并不是自己的責(zé)任。所以他們會選擇不款待客人。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段提到的帖子，第二段提到的RichardTellstrom的個人經(jīng)歷，第三段中的“forexample”和第四段中的MohiniMehta的個人經(jīng)歷可知，本文通過一些事例來表明“瑞典人不好客，但并非所有國家都這樣”的觀點。故選A。DInarecentstudy,researchershavesuggestedthattemperatureisamajorpredictorofbodysizevariation.Meanwhile,scientistsstudyingreddeerhavesaidthatwarmerwintersinnorthernEuropeandScandinaviamayleadtothebodysizeoftheseanimalsbecomingsmaller.ProfSteveBrusatte,apaleontologist(古生物學(xué)家)attheUniversityofEdinburgh,suggestedthatthewayinwhichothermammals(哺乳動物)havepreviouslyrespondedtoperiodsofclimatechangecouldofferaninsightintohumans’future.WritinginTheRiseandReignoftheMammals,Brusattenotesthatanimalsinwarmerpartsoftheworldtodayareoftensmallerthanthoseincolderareas,anecologicalprincipleknownasBergmann’srule.“Whydotheybecomesmaller?Itisnotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfacearearelativetotheirvolumethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbetterreleaseextraheat,”hewrites.“Itisacommonwaythatmammalsdealwithclimatechange”.Headded:“That’snottosayeveryspeciesofmammalwouldgetsmaller,butitseemstobeacommonsurvivaltrickofmammalswhentemperatureschangeprettyquickly.Thatdoesraisethequestion:ifso,mighthumansgetsmaller?AndIthinkthatcertainlymakessense.”ProfAdrianLister,oftheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,saiditiscommonlybelievedthatthestrongrelationsbetweentemperatureandmammalbodysizemayoftenbedowntotheavailabilityoffoodandresources.“Wearenotreallycontrolledbynaturalselection,”hesaid.“Ifthatwasgoingtohappen,you’dneedtofindlargepeopledyingbeforetheycouldreproducebecauseofclimatewarming.Thatisnothappeningintoday’sworld.Wewearclothes,wehavegotheating,andwehavegotairconditioningifitistoohot.”32.WhatdoestherecentresearchfindaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Climatechangemaycausehumanstoshrinkinsize.B.Humanbeingcan’tdealwithglobalclimatechange.C.Temperatureisthedecisiveelementinhumangrowth.D.Mankind’sfutureissimilartothatofancientmammals33.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.PrinciplesaboutBergmann’srule.BReasonsforanimals’smallersize.C.Waystodealwithclimatechange.D.Declineofmammalsinnumber.34.HowdoesAdrianListerfeelabouttherecentstudy?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Lengthy. D.Pointless.35.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ajobinterview. B.Apublicspeech.C.Asciencejournal. D.AcourseBook.【答案】32.A33.B34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了關(guān)于氣候變化是否影響身體大小的研究?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段主要描述溫度與身材大小的關(guān)系，根據(jù)段中的“Meanwhile,scientistsstudyingreddeerhavesaidthatwarmerwintersinnorthernEuropeandScandinaviamayleadtothebodysizeoftheseanimalsbecomingsmaller.(同時，研究馬鹿的科學(xué)家們表示，北歐和斯堪的納維亞地區(qū)的冬季變暖可能導(dǎo)致這些動物的體型變小)”以及后文的相關(guān)信息可知，該研究的主要結(jié)論是氣候變化影響身材大小，且有可能會讓身體變小，所以A項“氣候變化可能會導(dǎo)致人類身材變小”符合題意。故答案為A?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容，特別是“Whydotheybecomesmaller?Itisnotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfacearearelativetotheirvolumethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbetterreleaseextraheat(為什么它們變小了？還不完全清楚為什么，但部分原因可能是與體積較大的動物相比，較小的動物具有更高的表面積，因此可以更好地釋放額外的熱量)”可知，本段主要解釋氣候變化可能會導(dǎo)致人類身材變小的原因。故答案為B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。從最后一段“Ifthatwasgoingtohappen,you’dneedtofindlargepeopledyingbeforetheycouldreproducebecauseofclimatewarming.Thatisnothappeningintoday’sworld.(如果真的發(fā)生這種情況，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)大量的人因為氣候變暖而在生育之前死亡。這在當(dāng)今世界是不可能的)”可知，他并不贊同上述研究的觀點，對此表示懷疑。A.Supportive支持的；B.Doubtful懷疑的；C.Lengthy冗長的；D.Pointless無意義的，無目標(biāo)的。故答案為B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了關(guān)于氣候變化是否影響身體大小的科學(xué)研究，從文中的相關(guān)描述及文體可知其出處最有可能為：科學(xué)期刊（雜志）。故答案為C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。Whydopeoplefinditsohardtoconcentratewhilestudyingorworking?Perhapsit’sbecausethedistractions(干擾)aroundaretoomuchtoresist.Irememberthosedaysbeforemyschoolexams,whenIshowednointerestinlessonsorassignments.Thisisbecausewefeelthatourworkorstudiesareboring.____36____Maketheworkexciting.Nowthegeneralassumptionisthattheoneworkinhandisworthalotlessthantwootherinthebush.____37____Psychologistsbelievethatifyouarereallyinterestedinwhatyouaredoing,youwillrefusetoseethedistractionsaroundyou!So,tolearntoconcentrateonwork,youfirstneedtomaketheworldexciting.____38____Thetargetmightbeprettylongshot.Sotrytosetashort-termgoals,andyougetafeelingofachievementeachtime.Effectivegoal-settingisagoodwaytobreakupyourtargetintoshortergoalsandensurethattheprogressisaccordingtotheplan.Thedrivetoachievethetargetsandgoalssetforyourselfwillkeepyoufocused.Keepallthedistractionsaway.Whenyou’reworking,anythingcandistractyou.So,keepthemallaway.Tellyourfriendstocalllater,andkeepthephoneaway.____39____TurntheTVandmusicplayeroff,andstayasfarawayfromthemaspossible.Namely,keepallthedistractingstuffoutofsight.Rewardyourself.Rewardsarejustasimportantasanythingelse!Ifyouhavecompletedyourgoals,giveyourselfmorethanjustapatontheback.Treatyourselftosomethingyoufeelyoudeserve.____40____A.Payattentiontoyourfuture.B.Setlongandshort-termgoals.C.Butwhydon’tyoumakeitexciting?D.Tellthepeoplearoundyoutotalksoftly.E.Hence,it’stimetogetridofthisideaaltogether.F.Itisessentialthatyoumaintainyourfocus,sothatitgivesyouanedgeoverthem!G.Thiswillhelpyoufeelcompensatedforyoureffortsandpushyoutorealizeyourgoals.【答案】36.E37.C38.B39.D40.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是如何在學(xué)習(xí)或工作時集中注意力?！?6題詳解】空前說“Thisisbecausewefeelthatourworkorstudiesareboring.(這是因為我們覺得我們的工作或?qū)W習(xí)很無聊。)”，空后講了一些在學(xué)習(xí)或工作時集中注意力的方法，E選項“Hence,it’stimetogetridofthisideaaltogether.(因此，是時候徹底擺脫這種想法了。)”中的“thisidea”指的是前面的“wefeelthatourworkorstudiesareboring(我們覺得我們的工作或?qū)W習(xí)很無聊)”，說明了我們不該有前面的想法，而應(yīng)該按照下文的方法做，因此E選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】本段主題句是“Maketheworkexciting.(讓工作令人興奮。)”，C選項“Butwhydon’tyoumakeitexciting?(但你為什么不讓它更令人興奮呢？)”和主題句一致，且和后文的“So,tolearntoconcentrateonwork,youfirstneedtomaketheworldexciting.(所以，要學(xué)會專注于工作，你首先需要讓世界變得令人興奮。)”中的“maketheworldexciting(讓世界變得令人興奮)”相一致，因此說明了要讓工作變得令人興奮，因此C選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】空格處是本段的主題句，根據(jù)空后的“Thetargetmightbeprettylongshot.Sotrytosetashort-termgoals,andyougetafeelingofachievementeachtime.(目標(biāo)可能是長遠(yuǎn)的。所以試著設(shè)定一個短期目標(biāo)，每次你都會有成就感。)”可知，B選項“Setlongandshort-termgoals.(設(shè)定長期和短期目標(biāo)。)”概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選B?！?9題詳解】空前說“Whenyou’reworking,anythingcandistractyou.So,keepthemallaway.Tellyourfriendstocalllater,andkeepthephoneaway.(當(dāng)你工作的時候，任何事情都可能讓你分心。所以，把它們都趕走。告訴你的朋友待會再打來，把電話放遠(yuǎn)。)”，這是遠(yuǎn)離干擾的方法，D選項“Tellthepeoplearoundyoutotalksoftly.(告訴你周圍的人輕聲說話。)”也是遠(yuǎn)離干擾的方法，因此D選項承接上文，符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳解】空前說“Ifyouhavecompletedyourgoals,giveyourselfmorethanjustapatontheback.Treatyourselftosomethingyoufeelyoudeserve.(如果你已經(jīng)完成了你的目標(biāo)，不要只給自己一些鼓勵。用你覺得你值得的東西犒勞一下自己。)”，G選項“Thiswillhelpyoufeelcompensatedforyoureffortsandpushyoutorealizeyourgoals.(這會讓你覺得自己的努力得到了補償，并推動你實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。)”說的是犒勞自己的好處，因此G選項承接上文，符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenNasrudinwaswalkingnearhishome,hesawamansittingdispiritedlyatthesideoftheroad.Hewenttohimandaskedwhat____41____him.“Thereis____42____interestinginlife.”saidtheman,“Ihave____43____moneysothatIdon’thavetowork,andIamonlyonthistripto____44____somethingmoreinterestingandentertainingthanthelifeIhaveathome.____45____Ihaven’tfoundit!”Withoutanotherword,Nasrudin____46____thetraveler’sbackpackandranawaylikea____47____.Sinceheknewthearea,he____48____surpassedtheman.Theroadcurved(彎曲),andNasrudincutacrossseveralswitchbacks(岔道),withthe____49____thathewassoonbackontheroad,wellaheadofthemanhehadjust____50____.Heputthebackpackontheroadsideandwaitedforthedistressedtravelerto____51____.Presently,themiserablemanappeared,followingthe____52____road,muchunhappierthaneverbecauseofhisloss.Assoonashesawhis____53____lyingthere,bythesideoftheroad,herantowardsit,shoutingwithjoy.“That’sonewayofproducing____54____,”saidNasrudin.Happinesssometimesis____55____toget,butsometimesit’ssosimple.Maybeit’sjustamomentwithinreach.41.A.troubled B.abused C.surprised D.accused42.A.something B.nobody C.someone D.nothing43.A.little B.sufficient C.blank D.more44.A.choose B.abandon C.seek D.create45.A.Inall B.Aswell C.Sofar D.Afterall46.A.reached B.carried C.selected D.grabbed47A.rat B.rabbit C.bird D.fox48.A.easily B.slowly C.suddenly D.difficultly49.A.help B.mercy C.hope D.result50.A.stolen B.robbed C.cheated D.treated51.A.turnout B.showoff C.showup D.fallaway52.A.straight B.winding C.narrow D.wide53.A.property B.money C.clothes D.suitcase54.A.pain B.surprise C.happiness D.confusion55.A.hard B.possible C.easy D.random【解析】【答案】41.A42.D43.44.C45.C46.D47.B48.A49.D50.B51.C52.B53.A54.C55.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章通過一個小故事告訴我們：幸福有時候很難得到，但有時候卻很簡單。也許這只是一個觸手可及的時刻?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他走過去問他有什么煩心事。A.troubled麻煩；B.abused濫用；C.surprised驚訝；D.accused指控。根據(jù)上一句“…h(huán)esawamansittingdispiritedlyatthesideoftheroad.”可知，那個人垂頭喪氣地坐在路邊，所以他一定有煩心事。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：生活中沒有什么有趣的事情。A.something某事；B.nobody無名小卒；C.someone某人，重要人物；D.nothing沒什么。根據(jù)文章第一句話“WhenNasrudinwaswalkingnearhishome,hesawamansittingdispiritedlyatthesideoftheroad.”可知，那個人垂頭喪氣地坐在路邊，一定是因為他認(rèn)為生活中沒有什么有趣的事。且下文“somethingmoreinterestingandentertainingthanthelifeIhaveathome.”也是提示。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我有足夠的錢，所以我不必工作。A.little少量的；B.sufficient足夠的；C.blank空白的；D.more更多的。根據(jù)下文的“Idon’thavetowork”可知，這個人沒必要工作，所以他一定有足夠的錢。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我這次旅行只是為了尋找一些比我在家里的生活更有趣、更娛樂的東西。A.choose選擇；B.abandon拋棄；C.seek尋找；D.create創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)本段最后一句“Ihaven’tfoundit!”可知，這個人是來尋找生活中更有趣的事。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：到目前為止我還沒有找到它!A.Inall總的來說；B.Aswell同樣，也；C.Sofar到目前為止；D.Afterall畢竟。根據(jù)句意和后面的句子的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，該句子應(yīng)該用sofar作時間狀語。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：納斯魯丁二話沒說，抓起旅行者的背包，像只兔子一樣跑開了。A.reached到達(dá)；B.carried攜帶；C.selected精選；D.grabbed抓住。根據(jù)下文的“runaway”可知，納斯魯丁一定是搶了那個人的背包，所以應(yīng)該用動詞grab。故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：納斯魯丁二話沒說，抓起旅行者的背包，像只兔子一樣跑開了。A.rat老鼠；B.rabbit兔子；C.bird鳥；D.fox狐貍。根據(jù)句意和下文的“Sinceheknewthearea,hesurpassedtheman.”可知，此處是來形容納斯魯丁跑得快，所以比喻他像兔子一樣。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：由于他熟悉這個地區(qū)，他很容易就超過了那個人。A.easily容易地；B.slowly慢慢地；C.suddenly突然；D.difficultly困難地。根據(jù)上文的“...heknewthearea”可知，因為納斯魯丁熟悉這個地區(qū)，所以他能輕松地超過那個人。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：路彎彎曲曲，納斯魯丁抄了幾次近道，結(jié)果他很快就回到了路上，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)領(lǐng)先于他剛才搶的那個人。A.help幫助；B.mercy慈悲；C.hope希望；D.result結(jié)果。根據(jù)前面的句子“Theroadcurved（彎曲）,andNasrudincutacrossseveralswitchbacks”可知，納斯魯丁抄了幾次近道，結(jié)果是他很快回到了路上。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：路彎彎曲曲，納斯魯丁抄了幾次近道，結(jié)果他很快就回到了路上，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)領(lǐng)先于他剛才搶的那個人。A.stolen偷盜；B.robbed搶劫；C.cheated欺騙；D.treated治療。根據(jù)第三段的句子“Withoutanotherword,Nasrudin6thetraveler’sbackpackandranawaylikea7.Sinceheknewthearea,he8surpassedtheman.”可知，納斯魯丁搶了那個人的背包，才跑走的。故選B項。【51題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他把背包放在路邊，等待那個苦惱的旅行者出現(xiàn)。A.turnout結(jié)果；B.showoff炫耀；C.showup出現(xiàn)；D.fallaway消失。根據(jù)下文的“Presently,themiserablemanappeared”可知，納斯魯丁是等著那個人的出現(xiàn)，下文的appear和選項中的showup是對應(yīng)的。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不一會兒，那個可憐的人出現(xiàn)了，沿著彎彎曲曲的道路走著，他因為失去了財物而比以往任何時候都更加難過。A.straight直的；B.winding彎曲的；C.narrow狹窄的；D.wide寬的。根據(jù)上一段的句子“Theroadcurved,andNasrudincutacrossseveralswitchbacks”可知，他們走的道路是彎彎曲曲的，故B選項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他一看到自己的財物在路邊，就跑過去，高興地喊著。A.property財產(chǎn)；B.money錢；C.clothes衣服；D.suitcase手提箱。根據(jù)上文的句子“Withoutanotherword,Nasrudinthetraveler'sbackpack”可知，納斯魯丁搶走的是旅行者的包，這是他的財物。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是創(chuàng)造幸福的一種方式。A.pain疼痛；B.surprise驚奇；C.happiness幸福；D.confusion混亂。根據(jù)下文的“Happinesssometimesistoget,butsometimesit’ssosimple.”可知，這里說的是幸福。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幸福有時候很難得到，但有時候卻很簡單。A.hard難的；B.possible可能的；C.easy輕松的；D.random隨機的。根據(jù)下文的but可知，逗號前后兩句話是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以空格處的單詞應(yīng)該和下文的simple是反義詞。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MoreChineseyouthhavejoinedasport,Motocross,thanksinpart____56____anannualpromotionaleventinShanghai.MotocrosshasgainedmorefansinChinaaftertheMotocrossWorldChampionship,themost____57____（influence）ofthesport’seventsacrosstheglobe,____58____（host）itsannualshowcaseinShanghaifortwoconsecutive（連續(xù)的）yearsin2020to2021.TheevententeredChinaforthefirsttimein2019,fillingthegapoffirst-classmotocrosseventsinthecountry.Withtherising____59____（popular）ofthesport,moreyoungChinesearegettinginvolved.Itishardtoimagineagroupofpreschoolchildren____60____（race）arounddustycoursesonthemotorbikes.Butthat’s____61____（exact）howmoreyoutharebeginninginthesport.HuMinghao,____62____（age）8yearsoldnow,startedlearninghowtorideamotorbikeat4.“____63____（let）himrideitsafely,Iregisteredhimtoaclubtogetprofessionalmotocrossknowledgeandtraining,____64____thiscanalsohelphimlearnhowtodealwithdifficultieshefacesinhislife,”saidhisfather,HuZheng.Smallbutclever,hehasgrowninto____65____experiencedrider.Thosewhogallop（疾馳）onthefieldmaybecometheshiningstarsontheinternationalcompetitionstagesomeday.【答案】56.to57.influential58.hosted59.popularity60.racing61.exactly62.aged63.Tolet64.and65.an【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述摩托車越野賽的流行，使得越來越多的中國年輕人參加比賽?！?6題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：越來越多的中國年輕人參加了摩托車越野賽，這在一定程度上要歸功于上海一年一度的推廣活動。短語：thanksto“多虧，幸虧”，此處指由于上海一年一度的推廣活動，參加摩托車越野賽的年輕人越來越多。故填to?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：2020年至2021年，全球最具影響力的摩托車越野賽事——世界錦標(biāo)賽在上海連續(xù)兩年舉辦了一年一度的摩托車越野賽，此后，中國的摩托車越野賽擁有了更多的粉絲。形容詞修飾名詞，此處用形容詞修飾名詞theMotocrossWorldChampionship，故填influential?！?8題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：同上。分析可知，“aftertheMotocrossWorldChampionship,themost（influence）ofthesport’seventsacrosstheglobe,（host）itsannualshowcaseinShanghaifortwoconsecutive（連續(xù)的）yearsin2020to2021”為時間狀語從句，其中主語為theMotocrossWorldChampionship，謂語為host，結(jié)合句中時間狀語in2020to2021，可知此處的時態(tài)為一般過去時。故填hosted?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨著這項運動的興起，越來越多的中國年輕人參與其中。介詞后要用名詞。所以此處用popularity。故填popularity?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：很難想象一群學(xué)齡前兒童騎著摩托車在塵土飛揚的賽道上比賽。短語：imaginedoingsth.“想象做某事”，分析可知，agroupofpreschoolchildren（race）在句中為動詞imagine的賓語，使用了動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，所以此處用racing。故填racing?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：但這正是更多年輕人開始從事這項運動的原因。副詞修飾句子作狀語，分析可知，howmoreyoutharebeginninginthesport為表語從句，所以此處用副詞修飾，故填exactly?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：現(xiàn)年8歲的胡明浩4歲開始學(xué)騎摩托車。分析可知，（age）8yearsoldnow在句中為后置定語，修飾名詞HuMinghao，age與名詞HuMinghao為動賓關(guān)系，所以此處用過去分詞。故填aged?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他的父親胡正