被動(dòng)語態(tài)用法詳解第二課時(shí)new市公開課一等獎(jiǎng)百校聯(lián)賽優(yōu)質(zhì)課金獎(jiǎng)名師賽課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

被動(dòng)語態(tài)使用方法詳解1/43(二)被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)改變

主要表達(dá)在be改變上，其形式與系動(dòng)詞be改變形式完全一樣。以give為例，列表以下：普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 普通過去時(shí)： 普通未來時(shí)： 普通過去未來時(shí)： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

am/is/are+givenwas/were+given

shall/will+begiven

should/would+begiven

am/is/are+being+given

was/were+being+given

have/has+been+given

must/can/could/may+be+given2/43Hewashesclothesevery

day.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Clothesarewashedbyhim

every

day.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)3/43Oralpractice-主動(dòng)句改被動(dòng)句

1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.Thesetwokidsplanttreeseveryyear．3)Weshouldprotecttheearth．4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Treesareplantedbythesetwokidseveryyear.Theearthshouldbe

protectedbyus.TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday.4/431.Hecleansthemeeting-roomeveryday.

Themeetingroomiscleanedeveryday.2.Theysoldthatkindofshoesinthisshoplastweek.Thatkindofshoeswassoldinthisshoplastweek.3.Theywillfinishalltheworkinaweek.Alltheworkwillbefinishedinaweek.4.Theyhavebuiltthreenewstationsinthecitysofar.Threenewstationshavebeenbuiltinthecitysofar.5.Youshouldfollowyourparents’advice.Yourparents’adviceshouldbefollowed.單賓語必定句：5/436.Hedoesn'tshowthestampstome. Thestampsaren’tshowntome.7.Peopledon'tgrowriceinthewestofJapan.Riceisn’tgrowninthewestofJapan.8.Hedidn'tbuyanythingtherebeforeheleft.Nothingwasboughttherebeforeheleft.9.Theycan'tmendthebikeinthatshop.Thebikecan’tbemendedinthatshop.10.Theyhaven’tfoundthelostcat.Thelostcathasn’tbeenfound.否定句：6/4311.DoesKatesometimesbreakglasses? AreglassessometimesbrokenbyKate?12.DoyoualwayssendalettertoMrHu? IsaletteralwayssenttoMrHu?13Canyoumendthisradiohere? Canthisradiobemendedhere?14.Whatdoestheteacheroftentelltheboystodo?Whataretheboysoftentoldtodobytheteacher?15.Howmanydeskshavetheyboughtthisterm?Howmanydeskshavebeenboughtthisterm？疑問句：7/43Payattentiontothechanges．１帶復(fù)合賓語(賓補(bǔ)）被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)．make/let/

havesee/hear/watch/noticesb.dosth.

sb.

be

made/let/had

be

seen/heard/watched/noticed

todo

sth.

如動(dòng)詞為make,see,hear,watch,let,notice,have等，后接賓語補(bǔ)足語為不帶“to”不定式時(shí)，變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加上“to”。如：

Isawhimfalloffthetree.→Hewasseento

falloffthetree.8/4325.Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday.Theworkersweremadetoworkallday

26.Wesawtheboysenterthehouse.Theboyswereseentoenterthehouse.賓語補(bǔ)足語為不帶to不定式：9/43(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.see/hear/watch/notice….10/43Payattentiontothechanges．2帶雙賓語被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)．BobsentKate

aletterlastyear.=Kate

wassent

aletter

byBoblastyear.=Aletter

wassent

toKate

byBoblastyear.ShetoldJim

astory.tell/ask/bring/write/give/send/show/teach/passsb.sthsth.betold/asked/brought/given/sent/shown/taught/passedtosb.=Jim

wastold

astorybyher.=Astory

wastold

toJim

byher.11/43Mummademeanewdress.Iwasmade

anewdressbyMum.Anewdress

wasmade

for

mebyMum.make/buy/draw/singbemade/bought/drawn/sangsth.forsb.12/4321.Iboughtmydaughter

anewwatch.Anewwatchwasboughtformydaughter.Mydaughterwasboughtanewwatch.22.FatherwillmakemeakitethisSunday.AkitewillbemadeformebyfatherthisSunday.IwillbemadeakitebyfatherthisSunday.23.Ihaveshownthemthephotos.Thephotoshavebeenshowntothem.Theyhavebeenshownthephotos.

24.TheYouthgavemesomesuggestionsintheletter.Somesuggestionsweregiventomebytheyouthworkerintheletter.Iwasgivensomesuggestonsbytheyouthworkerintheletter.雙賓語：13/43Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople.Theoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.3.被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，要保持短語動(dòng)詞完整性，動(dòng)詞后介詞或副詞切不可遺漏14/4316.Youshouldlistentotheteachercarefully.Theteachershouldbelistenedtocarefully.17.MayIlookafterthebabyathome?Maythebabybelookedafterathome?

18.Havetheyhandedintheirexercise-books?Havetheirexercise-booksbeenhandedin?19.Wewilltakegoodcareofherbaby.Herbabywillbetakengoodcareofbyus.20.Youhadbetterthrowtherubbishintothedustbin.

Therubbishhadbetterbethrownintothedustbin.謂語動(dòng)詞為介詞短語：15/43以下情況主動(dòng)句不能改為被動(dòng)句：

第一，感官系動(dòng)詞普通用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，如：feel，look,seem,taste,sound,等。

(1)—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,itfeelsverysoft.誤：Itisfeltverysoft.(2)Thefoodtastesdelicious.誤：Thefoodistasteddelicious.(3)Thepopmusicsoundsbeautiful.

誤：Thepopmusicissoundedbeautiful.16/43第二，一些不及物動(dòng)詞短語沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如：takeplace,comeout,belongto,breakdown,cometrue等。如：Thefirebrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding.

誤：Thefirewasbrokeoutinthecapitalbuilding.第三，不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如：rise,happen,succeed,等。

Whenwegottothetopofthemountain,thesunhadalreadyrisen.誤：Thesunhadalreadybeenrisen.

17/43第四.有些動(dòng)詞既是及物又是不及物，當(dāng)它們和well,badly,easily等副詞連用時(shí)，表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能，是不及物動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，這時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，常見有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook,wear等。如：

(1)Theclothwasheseasily.這布很好洗。(2)Thenewproductsellswell.這新產(chǎn)品很暢銷。

對(duì)比：Thebookssellwell.(主動(dòng)句)

Thebooksweresoldout.(被動(dòng)句)Themeatdidn’tcookwell.(主動(dòng)句)

Themeatwascookedforalongtime.(被動(dòng)句)18/431.不定式在一些形容詞后作狀語,且和句子主語(或賓語)組成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,safe,…Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．WefindEnglishishard_______(learn)．Thearticleisdifficult___________(understand).toeattolearntounderstand19/432.不定式作后置定語,與被修飾名詞組成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語(或賓語)組成主謂關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。Ihavealotofhomework______(do)．I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read)．todotoread20/43表示狀態(tài)特征連系動(dòng)詞+adj./n.,用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。3表示“開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)”動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)Theshopopensat6am.everyday．21/43表示主語屬性特征動(dòng)詞+副詞well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義4.作“需要”講need/require后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)，用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義；當(dāng)然也可接不定式被動(dòng)式作賓語。Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashed．22/435.以who為主語開頭疑問句，變被動(dòng)時(shí)，用bywhom放在句首：

Whowrotethestory?誤：Whowasthestorywritten?

正：Bywhomwasthestorywritten?

Who(Whom)wasthestorywrittenby?23/436.在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中普通可用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，比如：

聽說……

Itissaidthat…

據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)……

Itisreportedthat…

據(jù)推測(cè)……

Itissupposedthat…眾所周知……

Itiswellknownthat…有些人提議……

Itissuggestedthat…

1)Itisreportedthatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.2)ItiswellknownthatThomasEdisoninventedtheelectriclamp.24/43Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBCExercises25/43Quiz1

Quiz11.Thesteel_____cold．

A.isfeltB.wasfeelingC.feelsD.isbeingfelt2.Hisplan_____good．

A.hassoundedB.issoundingC.issoundedD.soundsCD26/43Quiz2Quiz2Theshop_____at6am.everyday．

A.opensB.openedC.isopenedD.isopeningWork_____at7pm.today．

A.endsB.endedC.wasendedD.hadendedAB27/43Thepen______smoothly．

A.waswroteB.writesC.haswritingD.iswrittenThiscoat_____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedQuiz3BC28/43Yourjacketneeds________(wash)．Thehouserequires_______(repair)．Quiz4washingrepairing29/43Thefishisnotfit_______(eat)．WefindEnglishdifficult_________(learn)．Quiz5toeattolearn30/43Ihavemuchhomework_____(do)．I’llgivetheboysomebooks_______(read)．Quiz6todotoread31/43Correctingmistake2.Correctthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball．2)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?willlastwerehurt32/434)Acarwasbrokendownlastnight．5)Thelargebuildingthatisnowbuiltwillbeahospital．isnowbeingbuiltbrokedown33/436)Classisbegunat7:30everyday．7)Hisplanissoundedgood．8)Yourcoatneedsbeingwashed．beginssoundstobewashed/washing34/439．Theteachercouldn’tmakehim____attentiontobecausethestudentsweresonoisy.paypaidtopaytobepaidB35/43Fillintheblanks.Shopkeeper:Goodmorning.WhatcanIdoforyou?Millie:Goodmorning.I’dliketobuyacomputer.Shopkeeper:We’vegotmanykindsofpersonalcomputers.Thisgreenone__________(call)KiWi,andit___________(design)especiallyforstudents.Millie:Where___________it___________(make)?Shopkeeper:It____________(make)inShenzhen.Millie:________it________(use)widely.Shopkeeper:Ofcourse,verywidelyinBeijing.Millie:Ok.I’llthinkaboutit.iscalledisdesignedismadeismadeIsused36/43Millie:Hi,Simon.Ican’topenmynewe-dictionaryOnmycomputer.Canyouhelpme?Simon:Yes,ofcourse.Didyoucloseallthewindows?Millie:Yes,allthewindows___________________.Simon:Thenrestartthecomputer.Millie:It____________________.Simon:Didyoucheckthesettings?Millie:Yes,thesettings_______________________.Simon:Didyouconnectthekeyboardtothecomputerproperly?Millie:Yes,thekeyboard______________________.Simon:Didyoudouble-clickonthe“auto-run”iconafteryouputintheCD-ROM?wereclosedwasrestartedwerecheckedwasconnectedtothecomputerproperly37/43Millie:Yes.Theicon_______________,butitstillisn’tworking.Simon:That’sreallystrange.Letmecomeandhavealooklatertoday.Millie:Thanksalot,Simon.Simon:You’rewelcome.wasdouble-clickedon38/43PrincessLaurawasgivenamagicwand,butitonlyworksPrincessLaurawascaughtbyanevilwitch.Theprincess'shairwascutshortbytheevilwitch.39/43Whenaquestionisansweredcorrectly,Whenaquestionisansweredinco