Unit1+Developing+ideas高中英語外研版（2019）必修第三冊

新外研社高中英語必修三

Unit1Knowingme,knowingyou

DevelopingideasLeadinLookatthepictures.WhatwouldyousayifyouwerestudentB?DoesStudentBwishtotellhisrealmarktoStudentA?Myanswermaybe:B:Oh,sorrytohearthat.ButIdidnobetterthanyou.B:Comeon.Actuallyyoudidwell.Ididworsethanyou.B:Well,Ididjustso-so.Pre-readingLearningtolearn(P10)

Anessayusuallyconsistsofthreeparts:introduction,mainbodyandconclusion.Westartwithanintroductionanditcontainstheaimsandoverviewsoftheessay.Themainbodyisaseriesofparagraphsthatexploreanddevelopyourargument.Theconclusioncontainsasummaryofyourideas---donotintroduceanynewmaterialhere!Endyouressaybylinkingyourconclusionbacktotheessaytitle.AnessayMainbody:

Introduction:

theaimandanoverviewConclusion:

asummaryofyourideasexploreanddevelopargumentWhile-readingMatchtheparagraphswitheachpart.Para.1-2Para.3-7Para.8While-readingReadpara.1to2andanswerthequestions.IntroductionWhichsentencedoesthewriterusetointroducethetopic?Whatdopeoplenormallythinkoflies?Whatarewhitelies?

Scottishnovelist,poet,historian,andbiographerwhoisoftenconsideredboththeinventorandthegreatestpractitionerofthehistoricalnovel.WalterScott

Oh,whatatangledwebweweave,Whenfirstwepracticetodeceive!tangledwebdeceive!

cheatcomplicatedsituation,inwhichoncewetellalie,wehavetocontinuetotellmoreotherliesinordertocoverthepreviousones.

Honestyisanimportantvalueandlyingiswrong,butwhocanhonestlysaythatthey’venevertoldalie?Perhapswecomfortourselveswiththeknowledgethatmostofthelieswetellare“whitelies”.Whiteliesarelittleliesthatwetelltoprotectothersfromthetruth.Weknowlyingiswrong,sowhydowetellwhitelies?While-readingMainbodyReadpara.3to7andandcompletethechart.Reason1

Whydowetellwhitelies?Tomakeothers_______________.Someone’scooking______________________________________________________________________Someone’shaircutPerhapswelietoprotectourselves_________________________________________MainbodyfeelbetterExample(s)

amealforusthatwedon’tlike.Themajorityofusdon’ttellthetruth---welieandsaythatthefoodisdelicious.isawful,butwesay“it’sgreat.”Analysis

fromthedisappointmentorangerfromothers.Reason2

Whydowetellwhitelies?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Perhapsyourfriendwants________________________________________________________________MainbodyExample(s)

Yousayyourfriend’ssingingiswonderful,despitesecretlythinkingthatyourcatcansingbetter.Analysis

somefrankcommentsTogiveencouragement.Perhapstheyneedtoknow___________________________________________fromyousothattheycanimprove.thattheyshouldlookforadifferenthobby.Reason3

Whydowetellwhitelies?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Perhapsyourparents______________________________________________________MainbodyExample(s)

You’vehadabadday,butyouhideyourtearsandlietoyourparentsthatyourdaywas“fine”.Analysis

wouldwanttolistentoyouToprotectothersfrombadnews.andunderstandyourfeelings.While-readingConclusionReadpara8andanswerthequestions.Whatistheconclusionthewritercomestoinpara8?Whichexamplesareusedinthelastparagraph?conclusionexamplesEvenwhiteliesmayhaveresultswecannotpredict.Soweshouldnottelllieseveniftheyarewhitelies.Honestyisanimportantvalueandlyingiswrong.Whyweshouldn’ttelllies,eveniftheyarewhitelies?Conclusion1.Whycanwetellawhitelie?①Tomakeothersfeelbetter②Nottoletothersknowsomethingbad③Togivecouragetoothers④ToavoidtroubleA.①②④ B.①③④C.①②③ D.②③④Post-readingReadingcomprehensionAccordingtothepassage,whenwesayourfriend’shaircutiswonderful,infactwemaywantto_______________.Aprotectourselvesfromthedisappointmentandangerofothers.Bimprovethesituationforothers.Cmakeourfriendhappy.DKeepourfriendship.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheresultsofthewhitelie?A.Wonderful.B.Awful.C.Thoughtful.D.Notalwayssatisfactory.ThinkandShareWhatdoyouthinkisthedifferencebetweenalieandawhitelie?Alieistoldtocoverthetruthinordertobenefityourself,whichcanbeharmfultoothers.Awhitelieistoldtoavoidhurtingothers,withoutbadintention.Howwouldyoufeelifyouweretoldawhitelie?Tobehonest,Iwillfeelalittlesadfornotbeingtoldthetruth.ButIcanunderstandothers’goodintentionandshowthankstothem.ThinkandShareWritingananimalcoveredwithlongstiffpartslikeneedles(針),whichitcanraisetoprotectitselfwhenitisattacked豪豬；箭豬Afableisastorywhichteachesamoral(道德的)lesson.Fablessometimeshaveanimalsasthemaincharacters.

寓言Fableadifficultsituationinwhichyouhavetochoosebetweentwoormorealternatives（進退兩難的）窘境，困境—Thisfabledescribes…—Thefableteachesusthat...—Oneexampleofthisfromreallifeis...—Inconclusion,...

Finishtheessaywiththeexpressionslisted.LanguagepointsWrittenmorethantwohundredyearsago,theselinesbyWalterScottremainoneofthemostwell-knownexcerptsofScottishpoetry:◆remainvt.仍然；剩下；停留

◆remainingadj.剩下的，留下的

Translation兩百多年前，沃爾特·司各特寫下的這幾行文字，如今依然是蘇格蘭詩歌中最廣為傳誦的詩句之一：過去分詞短語作時間狀語Oh,whatatangledwebweweave,

Whenfirstwepractisetodeceive!Translation啊，謊言一旦開始，我們須得織就一張錯綜復雜的網(wǎng)！adj.糾結(jié)的；復雜的v.編，織v.欺騙Perhapswecomfortourselveswiththeknowledgethatmostofthelies

wetellare“whitelies”:littleliesthatwetelltoprotectothersfromthetruth.Translation也許我們會這樣來安慰自己：我們所說的大部分謊言都是“善意的謊言”——我們?yōu)榱吮Ｗo他人免受真相傷害的小謊言。同位語從句定從定從that引導同位語從句，說明前面抽象名詞

knowledge的內(nèi)容。同位語從句多用來補充說明前面某個抽象名詞的具體內(nèi)容。常見的抽象名詞有:

fact,evidence,proof,doubt,

belief,

idea,

hope,

question,problem,

suggestion,advice,information,news,promise,view等。that引導同位語從句時，不翻譯，不省略，不作任何成分。Hisadvice

that

theworkshouldbepostponedtonextweekasaresultoflackoftoolsisacceptable.

他的建議--由于缺乏工具將工作推遲到下周的建議，被接受了。Thefact

that

theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyearshasworriedmanyscientists.

地球這些年以來變得越來越熱的事實使很多科學家都很擔心。Examples含義原形過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞躺，位于lielaylainlying撒謊lieliedliedlying放置，下蛋l(fā)aylaidlaidlaying規(guī)則的撒謊(lie-lied-lied)，不規(guī)則的躺躺過(lay)就下蛋（放置）,下過蛋是累的Themajorityofusofcoursedon’ttellthetruth—welieandsaythatthefoodis“delicious”.◆majorityn.多數(shù)，大多數(shù)（人或物）the?majority?of+集體名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復數(shù)。a?majority?of+復數(shù)名詞，“許多”，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。minorityn.少數(shù)，少數(shù)民族a/theminorityof少數(shù)◆major

adj.主要的;重要的v.主修n.主修課程；專業(yè)課；主修學生majorin主修Orifafriendasksuswhatwethinkoftheirnewhaircut,wesay“It’sgreat!”,evenifwethinkit’sawful.adj.可怕的Buttowhatextentcanwejustifytellingwhitelieslikethese?在多大程度上◆justifyv.證明（別人認為不合理的事）有道理；

為...辯護

justifydoingsth.證明做某事有道理justifysth./oneselftosb.向某人解釋；為某人辯護◆justadj.公正的，正義的，合理的

adv.總是，正好；恰好；僅僅

◆justicen.公平，公正n.程度，范圍tosomeextentOneofthemainreasonsfortellingawhitelieistotrytomakeothersfeelbetter.make+賓語+賓補Perhapsweareinfactlyingtoprotectourselvesfromthedisappointmentandangerofothers.protect/keep/prevent/stop...fromdoingsth.Stopforamomentandconsiderthatperhapsyourfriendwantssomefrank

commentsfromyousothattheycanimprove.◆frankadj.坦率的，坦誠的

befrankwithsb.對某人坦誠相告befrankaboutsth.對某事直言不諱tobefrank=frankly坦白說，坦率地說(tobehonest=honestly)franklyspeaking坦率地說(honestlyspeaking/generallyspeaking)Ifyou’vehadabadday,doyoutellyourparentsaboutit,ordoyouhideyourtearsandliethatyourdaywas“fine”?◆tearn.眼淚，淚水burstintotears/laughter突然大哭/笑起來◆tear

v.撕裂，扯破teardown拆除，拆掉tearup

撕毀，撕碎(文件等)tearapart撕毀，撕碎(分成一部分，整齊的分開)Wouldn’titbebettertorespecttheirconcernforyouandaskfortheiradvice?it作形式主語征求某人的意見it作形式主語的6大句型?it作形式主語的6大句型It

+

be

+

adj.

+

(of/forsb.)

todosth.It

+

benouse/useless

+

doingsth.It

+

be

+形容詞+that

從句

(形容詞：possible/strange/important...)It

+

be

+過去分詞+that

從句(said/thought/believed/supposed/reported...)It

+不及物動詞(seem/occur/happen...)+that從句It

+

be

+名詞短語+that從句

(名詞短語：apity/afact/awonder/an

honour/anidea/nowonder...)ExamplesItisnecessaryforcollegestudentstomasteratleastaforeignlanguage.Itisnouse/useless

waitinghere.Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledin

theearthquake.Itoccurredtome

thatIlostmywalletinhiscar.我突然想到我把錢丟他車上了。It'sstrangethathe

fail

inthedrivingtest.Itisapitythathefailsinthecompetition.在句型“It

+

be

+形容詞+that

從句”中，從句常用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動詞為“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。GoingbacktoWalterScott’slines,wemayfindevenwhitelieshaveresults