2023年研究生類在職攻讀碩士聯(lián)考英語2010-2022歷年真題選編帶答案難題含解析

2023年研究生類在職攻讀碩士聯(lián)考英語2010-2022歷年真題選編帶答案難題含解析（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共75題)1.W:Youhadajobinterviewyesterday,didn'tyou?Howdiditgo?M:Nottoobad,Iguess.Therewereabout20candidatescompetingforthesalesmanager'sjob.Andfinallyitwasdowntothreeofus,buttheothertwoseemedbetterqualified.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?A.Heisconfidenthewillgetthejob.B.Hischanceofgettingthejobisslim.C.Itisn'teasytofindaqualifiedsalesmanager.D.Theinterviewdidn'tgoaswellasheexpected.2.AccordingtotheConstitution,anynationalagreementhastobe____byatwo-thirdsmajorityinparliament.A.approachedB.appointedC.approvedD.appreciated3.Ascomputersecuritysystemsbecomeevenmoreadvanced,______themethodsofthosewhotrytobreakintothemillegally.A.sotoodoB.somuchdoC.asmuchasD.aswellas4.TheRenaissanceembraced,firstofall,animpressiverecordofnewachievementsinart,literature,science,philosophy,educationandreligion.Althoughthefoundationofmanyofthesewasclassical,theysoonexpandedbeyondthemeasureofGreekandRomaninfluence.Indeed,manyoftheachievementsinpainting,science,politicsandreligionborelittlerelationtotheclassicalheritage.Secondly,theRenaissanceincorporatedanumberofdominantideasandattitudesthatgaveittheimpressofauniquesociety.Notableamongtheseingeneralwereoptimism,andindividualism;butthemostsignificantofthemallwashumanism.5.Thegoals______hehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.A.afterwhichB.forwhichC.withwhichD.atwhich6.Nootherdrugisavailableatpresent______canproducethesametherapeuticeffectwithlessrisk.A.thatB.thanC.whenD.as7.Man:Iforgotallaboutthetwoo'clockmeeting.Tom'sgoingtokillme.

Woman:Oh,myGod!Icanseewhyyouareupset.Youcanbereallymadwhensomethingimportantslipsyourmind.

Question:What'sthewoman'sattitudetowardstheman'sforgetfulness?A.Sheisscornful.B.Sheisangry.C.Sheissympathetic.D.Sheisworried.8.Sincewecan'thearyouatthebackofthehall,you'llhaveto______yourvoice.A.liftB.increaseC.speakupD.raise9.Atnotime______othercountries.A.ChinawillinvadeB.willinvadeChinaC.willChinainvadeD.invadewillChina10.Largeamountsoffoodimportsplacedagreatstrain(沉重負(fù)擔(dān))onthecountry'sgold______.A.storageB.depositC.reservationD.reserve11.Ithasbeenrevealedthatsomegovernmentleaders______theirpowertogetillegalprofitsforthemselves.A.applyB.abuseC.ignoreD.utilize12.Woman:Ican'tstandhimanymore.Sopickyandfussy!

Man:Whatcanyousay?Hepaysforyourbread.

Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thewomancanmakeasuggestion.B.Thewomanhavetotolerateherboss.C.Thewomanneedstopayforherownbread.D.Thewomandoesn'tunderstandthesituation.13.SpeakerA:Niceandbrightthismorning.

SpeakerB:______A.Yes.Muchbetterthanyesterday.B.Idon'tthinkitwillraintoday.C.Quitewindy,isn'tit?D.Iwishtheweatherreportwouldbemoreaccurate.14.______muchisknownaboutwhatoccursduringsleep,theprecisefunctionofsleepanditsdifferentstagesremainslargelyintherealmofassumption.A.BecauseB.ForC.SinceD.While15.1.Effectofthecountry'sgrowinghumanpopulationonitswildlife.

2.Possiblereasonsfortheeffect.

3.Yoursuggestionforwildlifeprotection.

THEUPSANDDOWNSOFPOPULATIONGROWTH

16.Whencatchinganairplane,you'dbetterbeearlier,andthereforeyoucanavoidthefrustrationofarrivingattheverymomentwhentheplaneistakingoffand______unabletogetonit.A.beB.areC.beingD.were17.Theproblemisthattheyareunabletocommunicateeffectivelyinthelanguage______.publicservicesareoffered.A.inwhichB.forwhichC.bywhichD.ofwhich18.W:Youhaven'tseenabluenotebook,haveyou?IhopeIdidn'tleaveitinthereadingroom.M:Didyoucheckthatpileofjournalsyou'veborrowedfromthelibrarytheotherday?Q:Whatisthemantryingtosaytothewoman?A.Shecouldn'thavelefthernotebookinthelibrary.B.Shemayhaveputhernotebookamidthejournals.C.Sheshouldhavemadecarefulnoteswhiledoingreading.D.Sheshouldn'thavereadhisnoteswithouthisknowingit.19.Thereweremanypeoplepresentandheappearedonlyforafewseconds,soIonlycaughta______ofhim.A.glanceB.glimpseC.lookD.sight20.A______ofthelongreportbythebudgetcommitteewassubmittedtothemayorforapproval.A.scratchB.schemeC.scheduleD.sketch21.Followingthesamerulesalltheseyears,theclubis______toanyformofchange.A.resolvedB.resistantC.restrictedD.reserved22.Whichofthefollowingstatementsshowslibrariesnowadaysservemultimediaresourcecenters?A.PeoplecanvisitthemattheirconvenienttimeB.Peoplecanlearnaboutdifferentculturesinthem.C.TheyhouseeducationalandrecreationalmaterialsinavarietyofformsD.Theyprovideinformationforprofessionalpeopleindifferentfields.23.Hisofficeis______tothePresident's;itusuallytakeshimaboutthreeminutestogetthere.A.relatedB.adhesiveC.adherentD.adjacent24.SpeakerA:Terryisstrange.Healwayscomplainsaboutthings.SpeakerB:______A.Idon'tknowTerry,soIdon'tknowwhetherwhatyouhavesaidistrueornot.B.SodoI.Heishardtogetalongwith.C.Yeah.He'sverydifficulttoplease.Hecriticizeseverythingandeverybody.D.Idon'tliketalkingwithstrangerslikeTerry.25.Itisvirtuallyimpossibleto______thenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguages.A.appraiseB.evaluateC.assessD.estimate26.OneofthekeystospeakingEnglishlikeanativeistheabilitytouseandunderstandcasualexpression,oridioms.AmericanEnglishisfullofidioms.Youwon'tlearntheseexpressionsinastandardtextbook.Butyouwillhearthemallthetimeineverydayconversations.You'llalsomeettheminbooks,newspapers,magazines,andTVshows.

Idiomsaddcolortothelanguage.Masteridiomsandyourspeechwillbelessawkward,lessforeign.You'llalsounderstandmoreofwhatyoureadandhear.OftenastudentofEnglishtriestotranslationidiomsword-for-word,orliterally.Ifyoudothis,youcanendupasking,"Whatcouldthispossiblymean?"Thisiswhyidiomsaredifficult:theyworkasgroupsofwords,notasindividualwords.Ifyoutranslateeachwordonitsown,you'llmissthemeaningandinmanycasesendupwithnonsense.27.Thingsmighthavebeenmuchworseifthemother______onherrighttokeepthebaby.A.hasbeeninsistingB.hadinsistedC.wouldinsistD.insisted28.Ihavenodoubtthatifthestudents'interestinthesubjectisaroused,theywill______thechallengeandcommitmoreoftheirtimeandenergytotheirstudies.A.faceuptoB.keeppacewithC.standoutagainstD.fallbackon29.Thehousewasveryquiet,______asitwasonthesideofamountain.A.isolatedB.beingisolatedC.isolatingD.havingbeenisolated30.Pigeonsarethoughtuniversallyasa______ofpeace.A.signB.symbolC.symptomD.signal31.Man:I'mfrustrated.We'resupposedtodoourassignmentonthecomputer,butIhavedifficultygettingaccesstothecomputersinthelibrary.

Woman:Iunderstandthewayyoufeel.I'mlookingforwardtothedaywhenIcanaffordtogetmyown.

Question:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shecan'tfinishherassignment,either.B.Shecan'taffordacomputerrightnow.C.Themancanusehercomputer.D.Themanshouldbuyacomputerrightaway.32.SpeakerA:WhereisMikethismorning?Haveyouseenhim?

SpeakerB:No.Ithinkhe'sgotacold.Yesterday,hewasnotfeelingwell.

SpeakerA:______A.Justtellhimtotakeiteasy.B.Heisabsent.C.What'sthematterwithhim?D.What?Whereishe?33.W:IranintoSallytheotherday.Icouldhardlyrecognizeher.Doyourememberherfromhighschool?M:Yeah,shewasalittleoutofshapebackthen.Well,hasshelostalotofweight?Q:WhatdoesthemanrememberofSally?A.Sheusedtobeinpoorhealth.B.Shewaspopularamongboys.C.Shewassomewhatoverweight.D.Shedidn'tdowellathighschool.34.A:______

B:IthinkI'vecaughtabadcoldandgotaterriblesourthroat.A.Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare,Sir?B.Goodmorning.MayIhelpyou?C.Howhaveyoubeengettingalongwithyourjobrecently?D.Whatseemstobetheproblem?35.Alotofeffortshavetobemadeinordertomakethisshow______.A.tosucceedB.succeededC.asuccessD.successfully36.Operationresearchisascientificmethodofprovidingexecutivedepartmentwithaquantitativebasisfordecisions______theoperationsundertheircontrol.A.regardingB.astoC.onD.considering37.Businessinthisareahasbeen______becausepricesaretoohigh.A.prosperousB.secretiveC.slackD.shrill38.Wearetryingtomakepeoplemore______tothedifficultiesfacedbythelaid-offworkers.A.sensibleB.sensationalC.sensitiveD.sentimental39.NosoonerhadIopenedthecupboarddoor______Istoodbeforeadanglingskeleton.A.andB.whenC.thanD.that40.學(xué)習(xí)過去有什么好處？2.過去對(duì)人有什么束縛？3.你的意見。41.Thehumofconversation______asthechairmanmountedtherostrum.A.diedoutB.diedoffC.diedofD.diedaway42.Atthemeeting,Johnargued______infavoroftheproposal.A.forcefullyB.warmlyC.severelyD.heavily43.Withhighhopes,thecompanysentsamplesofthesubstancetoscientists,buttheycouldn't______anypracticalusesforit.A.comeupwithB.dojusticetoC.getevenwithD.lookupto44.LouisHerman,attheUniversityofHawaii,has______aseriesofnewexperimentsinwhichsomeanimalshavelearnedtounderstandsentences.A.installedB.equippedC.devisedD.formatted45.SpeakerA:Iusedtomakedeliciouspies,butthisonetastesterrible.

SpeakerB:Ithinkyou'rereally______.A.outofdateB.outoftouchC.outofhandD.outofpractice46.SpeakerA:Thissofalooksquitecomfortable.Whatdoyouthinkabout?

SpeakerB:______IfIwereyou,I'dbuythatone.A.Iknowlittleaboutit.B.Idon'tthinkmuchofit.C.Whydon'tyoubuyit?D.Youknowbetter.47.Sheaskedtheworkerhowlong______tobuildthehouse.A.ithadtakenB.hadittakenC.wouldittakeD.itwastaken48.A:Well,Mrs.Anderson,I'vecompletedmyexaminationandI'mhappytosaythatthere'snothingserious.

B:__________________A.Well,istheexaminationdifficultforyou?B.Don'tyouthinkIshouldhaveX-rays?C.Oh,Idon'tbelieveit.D.Areyousurethatyourexaminationiscorrect?49.M:Ihadahardtimegettingthroughthisnovel.

W:Ishareyourfeeling.Whocanrememberthenamesof35differentcharacters?

Question:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Shehaslearnedalotfromthenovel.B.Shealsofoundtheplotdifficulttofollow.C.Sheusuallyhasdifficultyrememberingnames.D.Shecanrecallthenamesofmostcharactersinthenovel50.A:DoyouthinkthatyoucanhavetheseshirtsfinishedbyFridaymorning?

B:__________________A.Sorry,wehaven'tfinishedyet.B.Whydoyouneedthemsoearly?C.I'msorry.Icouldn'tpossiblygetthemdonebythen.Saturdayafternoonwouldbetheearliestthatyoucouldhavethem.D.Don'tyouseewe'reshort-handed?51.Woman:You'vegotyourapartmentfurnished,haven'tyou?

Man:Yes.IboughtsomeusedfurnitureattheSundaymarket.Anditwasarealbargain.

Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thefurnishedapartmentwasinexpensive.B.Theapartmentwasprovidedwithsomeoldfurniture.C.ThefurnitureinthemarketwasonsaleeverySunday.D.Thefurnitureheboughtwasverycheap.52.Woman:Didyoureallyworkalloftheseproblemswithoutanyhelpfromthebook?

Man:Well,mostofthemanyway.

Question:Whatdoesthemanimply?A.Mostoftheproblemswereinthebook.B.Hedidneedhelponafewproblems.C.There'smorethanonewaytodotheproblem.D.Therewerereallytoomanyproblemstodo:53.Theteacherishappythathisstudents______andbright.A.arefineB.areexcellentC.areexactD.arecorrect54.Man:HowcanyoufinishthatlongEnglishnovelonlyinoneweek?

Woman:Ifounditveryinteresting.ButIspentsometimeonconsultingnewwordsinadictionary.

Question:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Itisfuntoreadthenovel.B.Shecan'tunderstandthenovel.C.Newwordsinthenovelmakeitverydifficulttoread.D.Shedidn'tfinishthenovelinoneweek.55.Theplane______at7:00pm,soIhavetobeattheairportby6:40atthelatest.A.hasleftB.wouldleaveC.willhaveleftD.leaves56.Anotherimportantfactor______inchoosingtheplaceistheavailabilityofcoalinamplequantities.A.forconsideringB.tobeconsideredC.forbeingconsideredD.toconsider57.Duringhistwo-monthstayinChina,Tomnever______achancetopracticehisChinese.A.passedonB.passedupC.passedbyD.passedout58.NASAiscastingawidernetinthespaceshuttleinvestigationastowhatcausedthespacecrafttoswingoutofcontroland______momentsbeforeitwastoland.A.disassembleB.disembarkC.disintegrateD.disinherit59.Woman:Hi,Michael.Icanhardlyrecognizeyou.Whyareyoudresseduptoday?Areyougoingtothetheatre?Man:No.Actually,Ijusthadaninterviewataphotostudiothismorning.Question:WhatdowelearnaboutMichaelfromthisconversation?A.He'sgoingtovisitaphotostudio.B.He'sjusthadhispicturetaken.C.He'sonthewaytothetheatre.D.He'sjustreturnedfromajobinterview.60.Highschoolandcollegestudentstodayarepushedsomuchinthedirectionofspecialization______littletimeisleftforthefurtherdevelopmentofthebasicreadingskillsinitiatedinearlieryears.A.asB.sothatC.thatD.therefore61.A:Doyoutakeinstudent?B:______.A.Yes.Ifyoudon'tmindsharingroom,there'soneavailable.B.Idon'thaveavacantroomnow.C.Thereisnospareroomavailable.D.Youcan'thavevisitors.62.SpeakerA:WherecanIfindamapoftheuniversitycampus?SpeakerB:______A.Yeah,withamapyouwon'tgetlostonsuchabigcampus.B.Sorry,wedon'tsellmapsandthingslikethathere.C.Haveyoutriedtheinformationcenter?D.OK,letmetellyouhowtogettheuniversitycampus.63.The______temperatureofahumanbody,nomatterinwhatpartoftheworldhelives,isabout26.8℃.A.commonB.averageC.regularD.normal64.Nowadaysitisnotuncommonforabig,strongschoolboytoelbowanelderlywomanasideinthedashforthelastremainingseatonthebusortube,______standupandofferhisseattoher.A.muchlessB.nottomentionC.nottosayD.ratherthan65.SpeakerA:Iknowyouarebusybutthere'ssomethingratherurgentIwanttotalktoyouabout.WillitbeallrightifIcomeroundintheafternoon?

SpeakerB:______A.Whatisitthatissourgent?Can'tyoudealwithitonyourown?B.Sure,youarewelcomeanytime.C.Well,Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.Willtomorrowsuityou?D.Yes,I'mextremelybusyatthemoment.Agroupofreportersarewaitingtointerviewme.66.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicElectronicDictionaries.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow.

(1)電子詞典有很多好處。

(2)電子詞典也有許多弊端。

(3)你的看法。67.______willMr.Forbesbeabletoregaincontrolofthecompany.A.WithhardworkB.AsregardshishardworkC.OnlyifheworkshardD.Despitehishardwork68.SpeakerA:Canyoucometomyofficeearlytohelpmewithmypaper?

SpeakerB:______A.Thankyouforyourinvitation.I'msuretobethere.B.I'dliketo,butIcan'tleaveuntilI'vetypedouttheletters.C.Byallmeans.Ihavetofinishmyownpaperfirst.D.Whatdoyouexpectmetodoforyou?69.Woman:Hereyouare.Doitbysixo'clock,OK?

Man:Bysixo'clock?Givemeabreak.I'mnotasuperman.

Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewantstotakeabreak.B.Hehastoworklikeasuperman.C.Thereisnotenoughtimeforhim.D.Theworkistoodifficultforhim.70.Ifthecandidatecangetthesupportofthewomenvoters,he______agoodchanceofwinningthenextelection.A.graspsB.standsC.gripsD.speculates71.Woman:You'vebeendoingweatherreportsfornearly30years.Hastheweathergotanyworseinalltheseyears?

Man:Well,notnecessarilyworse.Butweareseeingmoreswings.

Question:Whatdoesthemansayabouttheweather?A.It'sworsethan30yearsago.B.Itremainsalmostthesameasbefore.C.Therearemoreextremesintheweather.D.Therehasbeenasignificantriseintemperature.72.Inlessthan30years'time,therewillbetelevisionchatshowshostedbyrobotsandcarswithpollutionmonitorsthatwilldisablethemwhentheyoffend.Childrenwillplaywithdollsequippedwithpersonalitychips.computerswithin-builtpersonalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools,relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmell-television,anddigitalagewillhavearrived.73.Grantedthatmanyanimalsseemtobehighlysensitivetovarioussignals______earthquakes,thebasicquestionremainsofhowthisbehaviorcanbeputtouseinearthquakeprediction.A.associatedwithB.connectedwithC.asregardsD.incaseof74.OncehestartstalkingaboutChineseorforeignaffairs,ancientormodern,______A.thereisnostoppingofhimB.heisnottostopC.thereisnostoppinghimD.itisnostoppinghim75.Woman:Ithinktheauthorwasindicatingthathewassupportingthewar.

Man:Hesaidonething,buthemeantanother.Youhavetoreadbetweenthelines.

Question:Whatshouldthewomandotofullyunderstandtheauthor?A.Leavingoutunimportantparts.B.Readingagainandagain.C.Lookingforotherreferences.D.Findingthehiddenmeaning.第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：B[解析]女士問男士昨天的面試怎么樣，男士說還不錯(cuò)，有20名候選人競聘銷售經(jīng)理，最后只剩下他們3人，但是其他兩人好像比他更能勝任，由此推出他得到這份工作的機(jī)會(huì)很小。所以，答案是B。2.參考答案：C3.參考答案：A[解析]題干：安保系統(tǒng)變得日益先進(jìn)，那些想非法攻破這些系統(tǒng)的方法也隨之改進(jìn)。本題考查倒裝。當(dāng)so表示“也是如此”并放到句首時(shí)，句子要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，倒裝前的句子是這樣的：themethodsofthosewhotrytobreakintothemillegallybecomeevenmoreadvancedtoo.so代替了重復(fù)部分(becomeevenmoreadvanced)。故本題選A。4.參考答案：文藝復(fù)興首先包含了文學(xué)、藝術(shù)、科學(xué)、哲學(xué)、教育和宗教方面令人印象深刻的新的成就。雖然這些文化形式的基礎(chǔ)都來自古典主義，但它們很快繁榮起來，并擺脫了希臘、羅馬的影響，繪畫、科學(xué)、政治和宗教上的很多成就事實(shí)上與古典文化遺產(chǎn)都沒有什么關(guān)系。再者，文藝復(fù)興包含了許多鮮明的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，使其所處的社會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出獨(dú)特的風(fēng)貌，大體上這些中值得注意的是樂觀主義和個(gè)人主義，但所有這些中最重要的還是人文主義。5.參考答案：B[解析]fightfor意為“為……奮斗”，例如：Wemustarousethemtofightfortheirownemancipation．我們必須喚醒他們起來為自己的解放而斗爭。fightwith則作“為反對(duì)……而戰(zhàn)，與……為敵”講，例如：InWorldWarⅡ，BritainfoughtwithGermany．在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，英國與德國作戰(zhàn)。Trytostopthechildrenfromfightingwitheachother．讓孩子們不要互相打斗。另外，fight一般不與after和at構(gòu)成短語動(dòng)詞。6.參考答案：A[解析]that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾drug。由于后置定語較長而謂語很短，為了使結(jié)構(gòu)勻稱和協(xié)調(diào)自然，便把定語移至謂語之后，因而造成了中心詞與其定語的分隔現(xiàn)象。考生應(yīng)熟悉這種分隔現(xiàn)象，以免造成語義上的誤解而做出錯(cuò)誤選擇。7.參考答案：C[解析]A選項(xiàng)“她是譏諷的。”B選項(xiàng)“她是氣憤的。”C選項(xiàng)“她是同情的。”D選項(xiàng)“她是擔(dān)憂的。”仔細(xì)閱讀兩人之間的對(duì)話，我們能夠體會(huì)到這位女士對(duì)這位男士的粗心大意表示了同情。所以C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。8.參考答案：D[解析]raiseone'svoice“提高嗓門”；speakup“大聲說”，不再接voice；lift和increase不與voice搭配使用。9.參考答案：C[解析]表示否定意義的狀語(包括短語和從句)位于句首時(shí)，主謂倒裝，例如：Undernocircumstancescancustomers’moneyberefunded．在任何情況下也不能向顧客退錢。又如：Onnoaccountarevisitorsallowedtofeedtheanimals．參觀者一律不得給動(dòng)物喂食。B雖是倒裝，但是全部謂語都提到了主語之前，違背規(guī)則。由此可見C為正確答案。10.參考答案：D[解析]reserve“儲(chǔ)備，儲(chǔ)備品，儲(chǔ)備金”，如：areserveoffood“存糧”，thebank'sreserves“銀行的儲(chǔ)備金”，thegoldreserve“黃金儲(chǔ)備”，可見此題應(yīng)選D；storage“(貨物的)儲(chǔ)存，儲(chǔ)藏”，如：putone'sfurnitureinstorage“把家具存放起來”，keepfishincoldstorage“冷藏魚”；deposit“存款；定金”，如：TheshopkeeperpromisedtokeepthegoodsformeifIleftadeposit.店主答應(yīng)，如果我付一點(diǎn)定金，他就可將貨物替我保留下來；reservation“保留；預(yù)定”。11.參考答案：Babuse“濫用(權(quán)力)”；apply“應(yīng)用”；ignore“忽視；不理”；utilize“利用(water，ability，opportunity，electricpower)”。題句意為：“據(jù)揭露，有的政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)濫用職權(quán)為自己搞非法所得?！?2.參考答案：B女士抱怨說再也不能忍受(stand)了，老板太挑剔。男士說，那能怎么辦?他是你的衣食父母，暗含女士不得不容忍(tolerate)她的老板。故選B。13.參考答案：AA方在談天氣，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都與天氣情況有關(guān)，但只有A項(xiàng)與A方談話的內(nèi)容一致。14.參考答案：D[解析]本題考查狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。本題首先排除A、B，since既然；while盡管。分析可知兩句的邏輯關(guān)系為讓步，故答案為D。15.參考答案：[參考范文]

TheabovegraphsmakeiteasytodrawaconclusionthatthedevelopmentoftheUSseesagrowingpopulationduringnearly200yearsthankstotheprogressintechnologyandeconomy.However,thedevelopmentisachievedatthecostofsomewildlife.Ashumanpopulationincreases,thespeciesofwildlifedecreases,andsomeareevenonthebrinkofextinction.

Wemaycomeupwithavarietyofreasonsforthissituation.Butthemostprominentoneishumanbeing'sweaksenseofwildlifeprotection,whichleadstothedecreaseofwildlifeasaresultofillegalhuntingandkillingofwildlifeforprofits.Thedestructionofecologicalenvironmentalsoaggravatesthedifficultsituation.Itisbecomingevenmoredifficultforwildlifetosurvive,withthegradualdecreaseofforestandpasturecoverageareaandtheincreaseofpollutionandsoilerosionduetotheexplosionofpopulation.Hence,unfortunatelybutnaturallyasoaringnumberofhumanpopulationcomesintandemwithadescendingvarietyofwildlife.

Theconstructionandprotectionofecologicalenvironmentisapressingandlong-termtask.Totackletheproblem,theUSgovernmentneedstoenhancepeople'sawarenessofwildlifeprotectionandeventhesupportofsomerelevantlawsanddecrees.What'smore,itshouldmakemoreinvestmentinthewildlifeprotectionsectorinabidtocreateabetterenvironmentforthelivingwildlifetocoexistharmoniouslywithhumanbeings.16.參考答案：Cbeingunabletogetonin與arrivingattheverymoment…并列，作介詞of的賓語。17.參考答案：A本題測試定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。我們把language換成English，更好理解些。Englishinwhichpublicservicesareoffered=English+publicservicesareofferedinEnglish.→Englishwhichpublicservicesareofferedin=Englishinwhichpublicservicesareoffered.故選A。18.參考答案：B[解析]女士問男士是否看到了她的藍(lán)色筆記本，而男士則反過來問女士有沒有檢查從圖書館借來的一堆期刊，這表明男士認(rèn)為女士可能把筆記本放在了那天從圖書館借來的期刊中。所以，答案是B。19.參考答案：B[解析]此題考近義詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“看”的意思，但含義不同，用法也不同。glance“一瞥，匆匆一看”其搭配通常為castaglanceat或takeaglanceat;glimpse“一瞥；瞥見”，通常為catchaglimpseof或getaglimpseof；look泛指“看”，通常為have(take)alookat；sight“視力；視野”，通常為catchsightof。由此看來答案只能選B。20.參考答案：D[解析]scratch“抓，搔”；scheme“計(jì)劃，方案”，如：aschemeofirrigation“灌溉規(guī)劃”；schedule“計(jì)劃表，議事日程”，如：thescheduleofgames“比賽日程”；sketch“概略的敘述”，如：asketchoftheriseofhumanculture“人類文化發(fā)展簡史”。所以根據(jù)題意和原句中的信號(hào)詞long，可以判斷出應(yīng)選sketch。21.參考答案：B[解析]題干：這個(gè)俱樂部這些年都執(zhí)行同樣的規(guī)則，抵制任何改變。本題貌似考查詞匯，實(shí)則在考句子語義。following充當(dāng)原因狀語，表示“多年來制度未曾改變”，由此導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果才可能是“不擅改變”。resolve“斷然的”，“斷然改變”不符合原因狀語的意思，resistant“抵制的”，restricted“嚴(yán)格的”，reserved“保留的，預(yù)留的”。根據(jù)題意，B正確。22.參考答案：C23.參考答案：D[解析]本句的后半句說他花大約三分鐘就到總統(tǒng)辦公室，那么前半句的意思應(yīng)該是他的辦公室離總統(tǒng)的很近。relatedto“有關(guān)的”；adhesiveto“黏性的”；adherentto“堅(jiān)持于”都不符合句意。只有adjacentto“鄰近的，接近的”正確，因此應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。24.參考答案：CA方在和B方談?wù)揟erry，C項(xiàng)與A方談?wù)摰脑掝}內(nèi)容一致，所以是正確答案，B項(xiàng)的前半部分表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤，D項(xiàng)與A方談話內(nèi)容毫無邏輯關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)不太符合這一對(duì)話情景下的交際慣例。25.參考答案：Destimate意思是formajudgment或calculate“估計(jì)”；assess“估價(jià)”；appraise“評(píng)價(jià)”；evaluate“決定……的價(jià)值”。句意為：“實(shí)際上不可能估計(jì)出世界上有多少人除了自己的母語以外熟練地掌握了英語并用它做工作語言。”26.參考答案：能像英語國家的本土人一樣說英語的關(guān)鍵之一，是使用并理解非正式用語的能力。美式英語處處是習(xí)語。在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)教科書里，你是學(xué)不到這些表達(dá)方式的。但它們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的日常對(duì)話中卻隨處可見。在書本、報(bào)紙、雜志、電視節(jié)目中，你也隨處可以見到這些表達(dá)方式。

習(xí)語為語言增加了色彩。掌握了習(xí)語，你的語言就少一些生硬，少一些不地道。你將對(duì)所聽所讀理解得更多。一個(gè)學(xué)英語的學(xué)生經(jīng)常試圖逐字逐句、或者從字面意義上去翻譯習(xí)語。如果你這樣做，最終你會(huì)問：“這大概是個(gè)什么意思呢?”這就是理解習(xí)語的難點(diǎn)所在：它們以意群的形式而不是單個(gè)的單詞表達(dá)意義。如果你以單詞為單位來翻譯，則會(huì)意義盡失，很多情況下甚至毫無意義。[解析]

[第一句]OneofthekeystospeakingEnglishlikeanativeistheabilitytouseandunderstandcasualexpression.

[譯文]能像英語國家的本土人一樣說英語的關(guān)鍵之一，是使用并理解非正式用語的能力。

[采分點(diǎn)]①native此處是“本土人”的含義，指以英語為母語的人；②casualexpression譯為“非正式表達(dá)方式”。

[第二句]AmericanEnglishisfullofidioms.

[譯文]美式英語處處是習(xí)語。

[第三四句]Youwon'tlearntheseexpressionsinastandardtextbook.Butyouwillhearthemallthetimeineverydayconversations.

[譯文]在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)教科書里，你是學(xué)不到這些表達(dá)方式的。但它們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的日常對(duì)話中卻隨處可見。

[采分點(diǎn)]Butyouwilllearn…此處采用的意譯的方式。

[第五句]You'llalsomeettheminbooks,newspapers,magazines,andTVshows.

[譯文]在書本、報(bào)紙、雜志、電視節(jié)目中，你也隨處可以見到這些表達(dá)方式。

[采分點(diǎn)]為了保持上下文語義的連貫，them所指代的含義要翻譯出來。

[第六句]Idiomsaddcolortothelanguage.

[譯文]習(xí)語為語言增加了色彩。

[第七句]Masteridiomsandyourspeechwillbelessawkward,lessforeign.

[譯文]掌握了習(xí)語，你的語言就少一些生硬，少一些不地道。

[采分點(diǎn)]awkward和foreign在這里是近義詞，根據(jù)上文的意思，應(yīng)該翻譯成“生硬、不地道”。

[第八句]You'llalsounderstandmoreofwhatyoureadandhear.

[譯文]你將對(duì)所聽所讀理解得更多。

[第九句]OftenastudentofEnglishtriestotranslateidiomsword-for-word,orliterally.

[譯文]一個(gè)學(xué)英語的學(xué)生經(jīng)常試圖逐字逐句、或者從字面意義上去翻譯習(xí)語。

[采分點(diǎn)]word-for-word譯為“逐字逐句”。

[第十句]Ifyoudothis,youcanendupasking,“Whatcouldthispossiblymean?”

[譯文]如果你這樣做，最終你會(huì)問：“這大概是個(gè)什么意思呢?”

[采分點(diǎn)]endupasking意思是“以詢問而告終”。

[第十一句]Thisiswhyidiomsaredifficult:theyworkasgroupsofwords,notasindividualwords.

[譯文]這就是理解習(xí)語的難點(diǎn)所在：它們以意群的形式而不是單個(gè)的單詞表達(dá)意義。

[采分點(diǎn)]①not…but譯為“不是……而是”；②本句采用意譯的方式翻譯更好。

[第十二句]Ifyoutranslateeachwordonitsown,you'llmissthemeaningandinmanycasesendupwithnonsense.

[譯文]如果你以單詞為單位來翻譯，則會(huì)意義盡失，很多情況下甚至毫無意義。27.參考答案：B[解析]本題考查虛擬語氣的用法：從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)。例如：Therearepeoplewhowouldneverhavefalleninloveiftheyhadneverheardoflove．有些人若是從未聽說過戀愛的事，是絕不會(huì)墜入情網(wǎng)的。28.參考答案：Afaceuptothechallenge“勇敢地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)”；keeppacewith“跟上……的步伐”；standoutagainst“在……的映襯下十分醒目”；fallbackon“轉(zhuǎn)而依靠；求助于”。題句意為：“我相信，如果學(xué)生對(duì)這個(gè)科目的興趣一旦被激發(fā)起來，他們就會(huì)勇敢地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)并且花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間和精力去學(xué)習(xí)?！?9.參考答案：A[解析]isolatedasitwasonthesideofamountain是as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的強(qiáng)調(diào)表達(dá)形式，相當(dāng)于asitwasisolatedonthesideofamountain。又如：Writtenasitisinaneasystyle,thebookissuitableforbeginners。30.參考答案：Bsign是常用詞，意為“具有一定含義的任何有形或無形的符號(hào)或標(biāo)志，可以是實(shí)物、表情、動(dòng)作、文字、語言及任何痕跡或征兆”；symbol意為“象征，符號(hào)，標(biāo)志”；symptom意為“癥狀”；signal意為“信號(hào)，暗號(hào)，發(fā)信號(hào)，打暗號(hào)”。根據(jù)題意，鴿子是表示和平的象征，故應(yīng)選symbol。

譯文：大家都把鴿子看做和平的象征。31.參考答案：B[解析]女方說：“我期待著買得起自己的電腦的那一天”，暗示現(xiàn)在還買不起，這和B的內(nèi)容一致，所以B是正確答案。32.參考答案：A[解析]對(duì)話中A說“今早麥克在哪兒?你看見他了嗎?”B說“沒有，我想他可能是感冒了，昨天，他就感到不太舒服?！眲e人生病了，當(dāng)然要予以寬慰了。所以選項(xiàng)A“告訴他放輕松些”為正確答案。C項(xiàng)明知故問，將其排除。B，D項(xiàng)不符合英美人的思維習(xí)慣。33.參考答案：C[解析]對(duì)話中男士說，Sally那時(shí)有點(diǎn)outofshape(變形)，接著問：hasshelostalotofweight?由此判斷，她以前比較胖。34.參考答案：D[解析]這是發(fā)生在醫(yī)生和病人之間的對(duì)話。D項(xiàng)“你怎么了?”符合語境，所以為正確選項(xiàng)。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合題意。35.參考答案：C[解析]本題考查make的用法。make常見的用法是makesth./sb.do(省略動(dòng)詞不定式的標(biāo)志詞to)或者makesth./sb.后面加形容詞/分詞/名詞，意思是“使得……”，由此可以排除A和D。B選項(xiàng)的succeeded表示被動(dòng)，show與succeed是主動(dòng)的邏輯關(guān)系而不是被動(dòng)的，故不能使用過去分詞。因此本題正確答案為asuccess。36.參考答案：Aregarding“關(guān)于”。asto“關(guān)于；至于”，用在此處不合適；decisionon“對(duì)……做出的決定”，不合句意；considering“考慮到；鑒于”。題句意為：“運(yùn)籌學(xué)是一種科學(xué)方法，它為執(zhí)行部門對(duì)其掌管下的各種活動(dòng)作決定時(shí)提供數(shù)量根據(jù)?！?7.參考答案：C[解析]本句意為“因?yàn)槲飪r(jià)太高，這個(gè)地區(qū)的商業(yè)一直不景氣”。slack的意思為“(經(jīng)濟(jì))不景氣、不活躍的”，如：Tradeisslackthisweek．這周的買賣不景氣。prosperous“繁榮的”，secretive“秘密的，偷偷摸摸的”，shrill“尖聲的”都不符合句意，因此正確答案為C。38.參考答案：Csensible“懂事的；明智的；可覺察的；明顯的”，如：Thatwassensibleofyou．你做得明智。Thereisnosensibledifference．沒有多大差別。此詞后面不能跟介詞to。sensational“轟動(dòng)的；聳人聽聞的”，如：asensationalnewsreport“聳人聽聞的新聞報(bào)道”；sensitive(to)“敏感的，容易感受的”，指對(duì)某事物不會(huì)視而不聞，如：Thisgirlisverysensitivetothesufferingsofanimals．這個(gè)女孩對(duì)動(dòng)物的痛苦很敏感。sentimental“感傷的，多愁善感的，易動(dòng)感情的”，如：asentimentalstory“感傷小說”，asentimentalperson“多愁善感的人”。39.參考答案：C[解析]本題測試固定結(jié)構(gòu)。nosooner...than意為“剛……就……”?？荚囍辛硪粋€(gè)?？嫉慕Y(jié)構(gòu)就是Hardly/Scarcely/Barely...when...，二者所表達(dá)的意思是一致的。同時(shí)請(qǐng)注意，因?yàn)檫@兩種結(jié)構(gòu)都是以否定詞開頭，所以隨后的句子需要倒裝。所以C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。40.參考答案：

ShouldWeIgnorethePast?

LearningfromandanalyzingthepasthasenormousvalueforusandlifeasweknowthatonEarthtodaywouldnotbepossiblewithoutthebenefitofthousandsofyearsofhistoryandaccumulatedknowledge.Infact,thedefinitionof