丁黃藥在方鉛礦與黃鐵礦間的電化學(xué)作用對其浮選行為的影響

丁黃藥在方鉛礦與黃鐵礦間的電化學(xué)作用對其浮選行為的影響

1通過轉(zhuǎn)色結(jié)構(gòu)、訴訟和patchingb研磨while,while.3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,4,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,...............3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4.3.3,4,4,....................內(nèi)部分離器和亞分離器采用強化的方法，并具有可執(zhí)行的任務(wù)，以反映過程。一般介紹、內(nèi)部分離器的數(shù)量、區(qū)域微芯片的傳輸系統(tǒng)以及[2]中的傳輸系統(tǒng)。Mostofthefundamentalinvestigationstounderstandthemechanismofmineralsinaqueoussolutionswithsurfactantwereundertakenonisolatedsulphidemineral[3].However,exploitableoresareusuallyfoundasanassociationofdifferentsulphideminerals[4].Ithasbeenknownthattheflotationbehaviorofthesinglemineralisdifferentfromthatofthemixedmineral,andthismaybeattributedtogalvanicinteractionbetweensulfideminerals.Tobetterunderstandtheflotationsystem,itisessentialtostudycollector-mineralinteractionsinamixedmineralsystem.Mostofsulfidemineralspossesssemiconductingproperties.Thecontactbetweenacathodicmaterialandananodiconeresultsintheformationofgalvaniccell[5].Inamixtureoftwosulphides,themineralwithhigherrestpotentialwillactasthecathode,whilethatwiththelowerrestpotentialwillbetheanode.Alotofresearchesonelectrochemicalinteractioninsulfidemineralextractionwerecompletedincludingthegrinding[6,7],flotation[8,9]andleaching[10-12]systems.Inthepresenceofcollector,differentkindsofgalvaniccellshavebeenpresentforthepredictionofmineralreactivity,whiletheelectrochemicalinteractionbetweengalenaandpyritehasnotbeenstudiedthoroughly[8,9,13-15].Meanwhile,mostofthequantitativestudiesofthecollectoradsorptiononmineralusedFTIR-ATRspectroscopywithblockelectrode[1,16],whichwasdifferentfromtheactualflotationsystem.Inordertosimulatetheactualflotationsystem,aspecialapparatuswasintroducedinthiswork.Theaimofthisworkwastodeterminetheelectrochemicalinteractionbetweengalenaandpyriteunderdifferentconditionsanditseffectontheadsorptionofbutylxanthate(BX)byusingelectro-chemical,flotation,adsorptionandFTIRtechniques.2母乳喂養(yǎng)2.1產(chǎn)第Themineralsamples,pyrite(FeS2.2elicaci生物currenositymoryag/agel明5revilusityporenesitymortral-roet和—ElectrochemicalequipmentandproceduresTheelectrochemicalstudieswerecarriedoutusinganEG&GPARpotentiostat/galvanostatmodel283withpowersuitesoftware.Thetraditionalthree-electrodesystemconsistedofworkingelectrode,counterelectrode(graphiterod)andreferenceelectrode(Ag/AgClelectrode)wasused.Mineralelectrodeswerecutfromhighlymineralizedrockspecimensasdescribedpreviously.Tosimulatethemixedmineralsystem,thegalenaandpyriteelectrodeswereelectricallyconnectedtoeachotherthroughthepotentiostat,andthegalvaniccurrentsandpotentialsweremeasuredbythegalvaniccorrosion/ZRAtechniqueatanydesirabletimeinterval.Beforetheexperiment,thesolutionwasbubbledwithairfor30min.2.3清cyractol6.3.4和pulppohentiacli體制s3.3.A40mLflotationcellwasusedformicroflotationtestswithatotalof2gmineral.Thesampleswereconditionedfor3minin40mLspecifiedsolutionunderanopenairconditiontoenhanceelectrochemicalinteraction.ThepHvaluesweremeasuredwithapHmeter(PHS-3C)andadjustedbyNaOHandHCl.Therecoveryofeachmineralwascalculatedafterchemicalanalysis.Inaddition,pineoilwasusedasthefrotherintheflotationtests.ThepulppotentialsduringtheconditioningstagesweremonitoredbyaPtelectrodewithreferencetoAg/AgClelectrode(3.0mol/LKCl)andthevalueswerequotedwithrespecttoastandardhydrogenelectrode.Thepulppotentialvaluesreportedinthisworkcorrespondedtothepotentialsattheendofconditioningstage.2.4案例5:cewelledolologing.3.3.3Theadsorptionspeedandcapacityofcollectoronthemineralsurfacearetwomethodologiestomeasurethefloatabilityofmineralsinfrothflotation.AspecialapparatusasdrawninFig.2wasused.Atotalof4gmineralsamplewasaddedinto120mLsolutionwith1×102.5trawre治療法TheFTIRabsorptionspectrawererecordedonaShimadzuFTIRspectrometerwitharesolutionof4cm3影響和調(diào)解3.1內(nèi)科手術(shù)3.1.1ci新型細(xì)胞劑si論Inagalvaniccouple,theopencircuitpotential(OCP)determinestheroleofgalenaandpyritewhentheyareexposedtothesamesolution.Asoneoftheimportantelectrochemicalproperties,theopencircuitpotentialsofsingleandmixedelectrodesweremonitoredatdifferentconcentrationsofthecollector.Figure3showstheopencircuitpotentialsofdifferentsamplesatpH10.Inallcases,thepotentialchangeswithprolongingtime,reachingaconstant(equilibrium)valueafterabout15min.TheequilibriumOCPsofgalenaandpyritedecreaseandthemixturepotentialapproachestothevalueforpyritewiththeincreaseofbutylxanthateconcentration.Comparedwithpyrite,theOCPofgalenaisfoundtobelowerunderallconditions.Galenaiselectrochemicallymoreactivethanpyriteandhenceservesasananodeingalvaniccombinationwithpyrite.ThefollowingtwokindsofinteractiononPbSelectrodemightexacerbate:Figure4graphicallyillustratesthegalvanicinteractionbetweenthetwomineralsinthepresenceofbutylxanthate.3.1.2誤操作性參數(shù)Thecathodicreactionwillbeacceleratedinagalvaniccouple.Theself-corrosioncurrentdensityofsinglemineralatspecificcollectorconcentrationwascalculatedfrompolarizationcurvesofeachelectrode,andthegalvaniccurrentdensitybetweengalenaandpyritewasmeasuredbythegalvaniccorrosion/ZRAtechniqueatpH10.TheresultsareillustratedinFig.5.TheelectrochemicalparametersobtainedbydatafittingandprocessingofFig.4arelistedinTable2.ItcanbeseenfromTable2thatthecorrosioncurrentdensityofgalenasignificantlyincreasesfrom0.18to0.78μA/cm3.2hydr概念Flotationtestswerecarriedoutunderdifferentconditions.TherecoveriesofgalenaandpyritealoneandthemixturewithequalmassfractionofthetwomineralasafunctionofpHareshowninFig.6.Noagentwasaddedtoadjustpulppotential.ThedecreaseofthepulppotentialasafunctionofpHcanbeattributedtotheriseinpH.Figure6showsthattheflotationbehaviorsofgalenaandpyriteinamixturearedifferentfromindividualmineral.Comparedwithindividualcondition,therecoveryofpyriteincreasesinthepHrangeof4-10,whilethatofgalenadecreasesatpH8-10.Thedecreaseinfloatabilityofgalenainthepresenceofpyritecanbeattributedtothegalvanicinteraction,whichresultsinanincreasingdissolutionoftheactivemineralor/andadsorptionofthecollectortoformlead-xanthate,elementalsulphurandPb(OH)TheincreaseoftherecoveryofpyritemixedwithgalenacouldbeexplainedbythemodeldescribedbyPECINA-TREVIetal[8],duetothefactthatthepyritesurfacesupportstheadsorptionandcathodicreductionofdissolvedoxygen.Hydroxylionsproducedonpyritefavortheformationofironhydroxides,thusgeneratingapositivelychargedsurface.Hydroxo-complexesofleadareelectricallyrepelledbythepositivelychargedironhydroxidesformedonpyritesurface,andthefinalconsequenceisthattheadsorptionofleadspeciesontopyritedecreases.3.3inf過濾時間Thexanthateuptakewasdeterminedatdifferentcombinationsofpyrite-galenamixturesandconditioningtime.TheequilibriumadsorptionratesunderdifferentconditionsareshowninFig.7.Itisnotedthattheuptakeofxanthatetogalenaislowerthanthattopyrite.Adsorptionresultsofdifferentcombinationsandconditioningmodesofpyrite-galenamixturesshowthattheadsorptioncapacityofbutylxanthatedoesnotappeartobemuchdifferent,whichmaybecausedbytheunsaturatedadsorptionatthisreagentconcentration.Consideringthathigherconcentrationofcollectorismeaninglessintheactualsituation,wecandrawaconclusionthattheinfluenceofgalvanicinteractiononadsorptioncapacityofbutylxanthateonmineralisnegligible.Anothermethodtomeasurefloatabilityofmineralsinfrothflotationistheadsorptionspeed.Theinfluenceofgalvanicinteractiononadsorptionspeedofbutylxanthatewasinvestigatedatdifferentcombinationsofpyrite-galenamixturesandconditioningtime,asillustratedinFigs.8and9,respectively.ItisobviousinFig.8thattheadsorptionspeedofpyriteisfasterthanthatofgalena,whiletheadsorptionspeedofthemixturesystemisfasterthanthatofpyrite.Comparedwithseparatecondition,theadsorptionspeedofthemixtureshowsanobviousincrease.Forexample,theadsorptionrateofbutylxanthatereaches50%at2.5minformixturemodeand7.5minforseparatemode.Theresultsofdifferentcombinationsofpyriteandgalenainbothseparateandmixedmodeswitheachothershowthatwiththeincreaseofpyritecontent,theadsorptionspeedoftheseparatemodeonlyshowsaslightincrease,butthatofthemixedmodeisobvious.Intheseparatemode,astheadsorptionspeedofthecollectoronpyriteisfasterthanthatofgalena,theadsorptionspeedofthemixtureincreaseswiththeincreaseofpyritecontent.Itiseasytodeducethattheadsorptionspeedofthemixtureinseparatemodecannotbehigherthanthatofpyritealone.Inmixedmode,ascollisionbetweenmineralsisrandom,threekindsofadsorptionofthecollectorexist:normaladsorptiononpyrite,normaladsorptionongalena,enhancedadsorptionongalenaandatthesametimedepressedadsorptiononpyritewhengalvaniccontactexists.Withtheincreaseofpyritecontentinthemixture,thecollisionprobabilitybetweengalenaandpyriteincreases.Afasteradsorptionongalenaandstrongerdepressiononpyritehappen.Consideringthefactthattheadsorptionspeedofthecollectoronthemixtureismuchhigherthanpyritealonewhengalvanicinteractionexists,wecandrawaconclusionthattheaccelerationiscausedbytheenhancedadsorptionongalena.Theresultoftheadsorptiontestindicatesthattheflotationofgalenashouldbeincreased,butitiscontrarytoflotationresult.Accordingtotheflotationandadsorptionresults,thegalvaniccontactincreasesboththeadsorptionofcollectorandthedissolutionofgalena,whilethegenerationofhydrophilicproductcausedbydissolutionisdominant,renderingthemineralhydrophility.3.4rectingpo對于recting網(wǎng)絡(luò)sp果域的規(guī)制Inthegalvaniccoupleofpyriteandgalena,thepotentialofpyritedecreasesandthepotentialofgalenaincreases,whichmayalterthereactionproductsbetweenmineralandcollector.Infraredspectroscopywasusedtoidentifythesurfacespeciesresultingfromin