作業(yè) 女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)

FEMINISTMOVEMENTINTRODUCTIONTheFeministMovement,alsoknownastheWomen’sMovement,Women’sLiberation,Women’sLib,referstoaseriesofcampaignsforreformsonissuessuchasreproductiveright,domesticviolence,maternityleave,equalpay,women’ssuffrage,sexualharassmentandsexualviolence.THREESTAGESFirstwave:Thefirststagebelongstothe70sand1960sbegantocampaignagainstabeautypageant.Atthisstage,thealienationoffeministcritiqueofwomenandfashionbeauty.Thewesternfeministmovementisstartingagainstbeauty.In1968,theAmericanwomen'smovementactivistsintheparadeforagoatcrown,andsetupafreegarbagecan,takebra,abdominal,corset,falseeyelashesandthelikethrowintothegarbagecan,toshowtheirattitude.Similarly,inthe80s,Chinawomen'sfederation'stheonlytimemostpersonalityisalsoagainstthebeautyofthedeclaration.第一階段屬于20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代開(kāi)始的反對(duì)選美的運(yùn)動(dòng)。在這一階段，女權(quán)主義批判女性的異化與時(shí)尚美女情結(jié)。西方女權(quán)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)就是從反對(duì)選美開(kāi)始的。在1968年，美國(guó)女性運(yùn)動(dòng)的活躍分子在游行時(shí)為一頭羊加冕，并設(shè)置了自由垃圾筒，將乳罩、腹帶、緊身褡、假睫毛一類(lèi)的東西扔進(jìn)垃圾筒，以表明她們的態(tài)度。無(wú)獨(dú)有偶，80年代，中國(guó)婦女聯(lián)合會(huì)所做出的唯一一次最有個(gè)性的宣言也是反對(duì)選美。Secondwave:Thesecondstageisfromthelateeightystotheearlyeightys.Inthisphase,thefeministviewsonbeautyanddeepenedstep.Theyputthebeautyandsex,race,class,thesefactorstiedtogether,arguesthatdifferentbody,color,size,weightcanberecognized.Beautymayalsoacceptfromthefront.Thisiscalledontheissueofappearanceandthedemocratizationofthereformperiod,thisisthesecondphase.第二個(gè)階段是從八十年代末到九十年代初。在這個(gè)階段，女權(quán)主義者對(duì)美的看法又加深了一步。她們把美和性別、種族、階級(jí)這些因素并列在一起，主張不同的身體、膚色、個(gè)頭、體重都可以被認(rèn)可。美也可能從正面的接受。這被稱(chēng)為在容貌和美的問(wèn)題上的民主化改革時(shí)期，這是第二個(gè)階段。第三個(gè)階段開(kāi)展了關(guān)于美貌的論爭(zhēng)（beautydebate）：女權(quán)主義應(yīng)當(dāng)贊成美還是反對(duì)美？贊成麥當(dāng)娜還是反對(duì)麥當(dāng)娜？贊成美容手術(shù)還是反對(duì)美容手術(shù)？美的民主化系統(tǒng)被提出，即由每個(gè)人自己來(lái)決定自己在美貌問(wèn)題上的選擇。Thirdwave:Thirdstagetocarryoutthedebateaboutbeauty,beautydebate):feminismshouldagreewithusoragainstus?WithMadonnaoragainstMadonna?Withcosmeticsurgeryoragainstcosmeticsurgery?Beautifuldemocraticsystem