Unit+4+Discovering+Useful+Structures+導(dǎo)學(xué)案 高一英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

今日之事今日畢日積月累成大器M3U4SpaceExplorationGrammarMotto:Mysterycreateswonderandwonderisthebasisofman'sdesiretounderstand.神秘創(chuàng)造奇跡，奇跡是人類求知欲的基礎(chǔ)。Teachingaims：1.Guidestudentstoreviewthebasicusagesof“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.2.LeadstudentstolearntousesomespecialcasesconcerningtheP“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.3.Enablestudentstousethebasicphrasesstructuresflexibly.4.Strengthenstudents’greatinterestingrammarlearning.Teachingdifficulties：1.Helpstudentstoappreciatethefunctionof“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.2.Instructstudentstowriteessaysusingtheproper“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.三.Teachingprocedures:Step1Leadin---PairworkLookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicizedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctions.Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot..(作目的狀語(yǔ))Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace..(作目的狀語(yǔ))Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree..(作目的狀語(yǔ))Somescientistweredeterminedtohelphumansrealizetheirdreamtoexplorespace..(作定語(yǔ))Summary:不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)：to+do原形。分析上面的句子，我們知道在描述太空探索時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式不僅可以用來(lái)表目的，還可以用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)，表修飾。Step2動(dòng)詞不定式用作定語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Letusgivehimsomethingtoeat.2.名詞前有first,last,next,only等詞以及最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),其后要用動(dòng)詞不定式。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.3.抽象名詞attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代詞something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。ButJanisAdkinshastheabilityanddesiretodousefulwork.4.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetingstoattend.5.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。Wemustfindapersontodothejob.6.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)有同位關(guān)系時(shí)。Wegottheordertoleavethecity.Step3Practice(1)Theairport______________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

(2)Doyouhaveanything(do)tonight?

(3)Thebestway__________(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.

Step4動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作狀語(yǔ),主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞,也可用來(lái)修飾副詞。在句中,不定式可作目的狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)等,可表示目的、原因及結(jié)果等。1.目的狀語(yǔ),置于句首或句末,置于句首時(shí)常表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。為加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,常與inorder或soas組成短語(yǔ)。Inordertohelphim,wewoulddoeverythingwecan.不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)(1)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其動(dòng)作通常遲于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作。Isaidthattoencouragehim.(2)置于句首時(shí)只用todo/inordertodo。如用于表示否定,inorder或soas不能省略,用inordernottodo或soasnottodo形式。Iwalkedquietlysoasnottodisturbthebaby.(3)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)換為sothat/inorderthat或so...that...引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句。Heworkedveryhardtopasstheexam.→Heworkedsohardthathecouldpasstheexam.→Heworkedhardsothat/inorderthathecouldpasstheexam.2.原因狀語(yǔ),多見于“sb.+be+adj.+todo...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。Iwasverysadtohearthenews.3.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),多見于“too...to”;“enoughto...”;onlytodo(表示意料之外的結(jié)果的發(fā)生);so/such...asto(意為“如此……以至于……”)結(jié)構(gòu)句中。I’mtootiredtodowell.4.獨(dú)立動(dòng)詞不定式多用作插入語(yǔ),表示說(shuō)話人的心理狀態(tài)或?qū)κ虑榈目捶?。I’dliketostayhealthy,buttobehonest,Ionlyeatfoodthattastesgood.Step5Practice(1)Hehurriedtothestationonly______(find)thetrainhadleft. (2)(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)WetravelonDay2tonorthernFrance______(visit)theWorldWarⅠbattlefields.

(3)(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustglad______(find)themalive.

四．Consolidation（日清:學(xué)生當(dāng)天的作業(yè)教師認(rèn)真檢查）LevelA:選出不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)的句子①Wemustdoeverythingwecantohelpthem.②Heleft，nevertoreturn.③Todoagoodjob，wemusthavetherighttools.④Wejumpedwithjoytohearthenews.⑤Shewastooyoungtounderstandallthat.⑥Shestudiedveryhardtogethighgrades.⑦M(jìn)anyfarmersfertilizetheircropsinordertomakethemgrowmorequickly.①，①，③，⑥，⑦，⑧答案LevelB:Task1一句多譯我們將召開會(huì)議來(lái)討論這種不健康的生活方式。①We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.②We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.③We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.④________________________theunhealthylifestyle，we’llholdameeting.⑤________________theunhealthylifestyle，we’llholdameeting.Task2同義句轉(zhuǎn)換①WestayedinBeijingsothat/inorderthatwecouldvisittheBird’sNest.→WestayedinBeijing_____________________________theBird’sNest.②Wewilldoeverythinginorderthat/so