Unit+4+Discovering+Useful+Structures+導學案 高一英語人教版（2019）必修第三冊

今日之事今日畢日積月累成大器M3U4SpaceExplorationGrammarMotto:Mysterycreateswonderandwonderisthebasisofman'sdesiretounderstand.神秘創(chuàng)造奇跡，奇跡是人類求知欲的基礎。Teachingaims：1.Guidestudentstoreviewthebasicusagesof“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.2.LeadstudentstolearntousesomespecialcasesconcerningtheP“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.3.Enablestudentstousethebasicphrasesstructuresflexibly.4.Strengthenstudents’greatinterestingrammarlearning.Teachingdifficulties：1.Helpstudentstoappreciatethefunctionof“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.2.Instructstudentstowriteessaysusingtheproper“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.三.Teachingprocedures:Step1Leadin---PairworkLookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicizedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctions.Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot..(作目的狀語)Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace..(作目的狀語)Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree..(作目的狀語)Somescientistweredeterminedtohelphumansrealizetheirdreamtoexplorespace..(作定語)Summary:不定式的結構：to+do原形。分析上面的句子，我們知道在描述太空探索時，動詞不定式不僅可以用來表目的，還可以用來作定語，表修飾。Step2動詞不定式用作定語1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語,表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。Letusgivehimsomethingtoeat.2.名詞前有first,last,next,only等詞以及最高級修飾時,其后要用動詞不定式。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.3.抽象名詞attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代詞something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定語。ButJanisAdkinshastheabilityanddesiretodousefulwork.4.當名詞與定語之間存在動賓關系時。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetingstoattend.5.當名詞與定語之間存在主謂關系時。Wemustfindapersontodothejob.6.當名詞與定語有同位關系時。Wegottheordertoleavethecity.Step3Practice(1)Theairport______________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

(2)Doyouhaveanything(do)tonight?

(3)Thebestway__________(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.

Step4動詞不定式作狀語動詞不定式在句中作狀語,主要用來修飾動詞和形容詞,也可用來修飾副詞。在句中,不定式可作目的狀語、原因狀語、結果狀語、條件狀語等,可表示目的、原因及結果等。1.目的狀語,置于句首或句末,置于句首時常表示強調。為加強語氣,常與inorder或soas組成短語。Inordertohelphim,wewoulddoeverythingwecan.不定式作目的狀語(1)不定式作目的狀語時,其動作通常遲于謂語動詞的動作。Isaidthattoencouragehim.(2)置于句首時只用todo/inordertodo。如用于表示否定,inorder或soas不能省略,用inordernottodo或soasnottodo形式。Iwalkedquietlysoasnottodisturbthebaby.(3)不定式作目的狀語可轉換為sothat/inorderthat或so...that...引導的目的狀語從句。Heworkedveryhardtopasstheexam.→Heworkedsohardthathecouldpasstheexam.→Heworkedhardsothat/inorderthathecouldpasstheexam.2.原因狀語,多見于“sb.+be+adj.+todo...”結構句中。Iwasverysadtohearthenews.3.結果狀語,多見于“too...to”;“enoughto...”;onlytodo(表示意料之外的結果的發(fā)生);so/such...asto(意為“如此……以至于……”)結構句中。I’mtootiredtodowell.4.獨立動詞不定式多用作插入語,表示說話人的心理狀態(tài)或對事情的看法。I’dliketostayhealthy,buttobehonest,Ionlyeatfoodthattastesgood.Step5Practice(1)Hehurriedtothestationonly______(find)thetrainhadleft. (2)(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)WetravelonDay2tonorthernFrance______(visit)theWorldWarⅠbattlefields.

(3)(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustglad______(find)themalive.

四．Consolidation（日清:學生當天的作業(yè)教師認真檢查）LevelA:選出不定式作目的狀語的句子①Wemustdoeverythingwecantohelpthem.②Heleft，nevertoreturn.③Todoagoodjob，wemusthavetherighttools.④Wejumpedwithjoytohearthenews.⑤Shewastooyoungtounderstandallthat.⑥Shestudiedveryhardtogethighgrades.⑦Manyfarmersfertilizetheircropsinordertomakethemgrowmorequickly.①，①，③，⑥，⑦，⑧答案LevelB:Task1一句多譯我們將召開會議來討論這種不健康的生活方式。①We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.②We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.③We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.④________________________theunhealthylifestyle，we’llholdameeting.⑤________________theunhealthylifestyle，we’llholdameeting.Task2同義句轉換①WestayedinBeijingsothat/inorderthatwecouldvisittheBird’sNest.→WestayedinBeijing_____________________________theBird’sNest.②Wewilldoeverythinginorderthat/so