武漢科技大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院《357英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)》專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

2015年武漢科技大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院357英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解PartOnePhraseTranslation(30points)Directions:Thispartconsistsoftwosections.Inthefollowingtwosectionsyouaresupposedtotranslate30technicalterms,abbreviationsorpropernames,eitherfromEnglishtoChineseorfromChinesetoEnglish,within60minutes.SectionA EnglishtoChinese(15points)1)FTA【答案】自貿(mào)協(xié)定查看答案2)RichardNixon【答案】理查德·尼克松查看答案3)FIFA【答案】國(guó)際足球聯(lián)合會(huì)查看答案4)TheInquisitioninSpain【答案】西班牙宗教法庭查看答案5)ISO【答案】國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織查看答案6)Photovoltaiceffect【答案】光伏效應(yīng)查看答案7)MatteoRicci【答案】利瑪竇查看答案8)TheChineseAcademyofScience【答案】中國(guó)科學(xué)院查看答案9)remoteaccess【答案】遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)查看答案10)machinetools【答案】機(jī)床查看答案11)comfortsandconveniencesofhome【答案】家一樣的舒適條件和便利設(shè)施查看答案12)lowtemperaturesuperconductingmagnet【答案】低溫超導(dǎo)磁鐵查看答案13)mentallydeficientpeople【答案】智障人士查看答案14)prefabricatedunits【答案】預(yù)制構(gòu)件查看答案15)Hypertexttransportprotocol【答案】超文本傳輸協(xié)議查看答案SectionB ChinesetoEnglish(15points)16)澳門特別行政區(qū)【答案】theMacaoSpecialAdministrativeRegion查看答案17)治理水土流失【答案】bringsoilerosionundercontrol查看答案18)工商行政管理總局【答案】GeneralBureauofIndustrialandCommercialAdministration查看答案19)空中交通管制【答案】airtrafficcontrol查看答案20)中華全國(guó)總工會(huì)【答案】All-ChinaFederationofTradeUnions查看答案21)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育【答案】ruralcompulsoryeducation查看答案22)銀行轉(zhuǎn)賬【答案】banktransfer查看答案23)省會(huì)城市【答案】provincialcapital查看答案24)安理會(huì)【答案】SecurityCouncil查看答案25)中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行【答案】ChinaConstructionBank查看答案26)改善民生【答案】improvepeople’swell-being查看答案27)商務(wù)印書(shū)館【答案】CommercialPress查看答案28)城際列車【答案】inter-citytrains查看答案29)公交卡【答案】publictransportcard查看答案30)節(jié)能減排【答案】energyconservationandemissionsreductions查看答案PartTwoPassageTranslation(120points)Directions:Thispartconsistsoftwosections.InthefollowingtwosectionsyouaresupposedtotranslateoneEnglishpassageintoChineseandoneChinesepassageintoEnglishwithin120minutes.SectionA EnglishtoChinese(60points)Chinatolaunch3-Dbusthatcanseatover1,000passengersBritishmediahaverecentlyreportedonChina’snewlyproposed“3-Dbus”,believingthatitslaunchingwillhelpalleviatetrafficjamsfacingmanyaChinesecity.Thevehicleisexpectedtoseatabout1400passengersandisonly1/10thecostofundergroundrailway.Itsdesigner,aShenzhen-basedcompany,isreportedlybeingnegotiatingwiththedistrictgovernmentofMentougou,asatellitetownofBeijing,onmakingtheareaanationaldemonstrationbase.Thenewvehiclewillrollat60-80km/h,almostthreetimesfasterthanordinarybuses.Itsmosteye-catchingfeature,however,isthatitallowscarstorunbeneathit,providedthattheirheightdoesnotexceedthe2-meterlimit.AccordingtoSongYouzhou,generalmanagerofthecompany,thedailypassengercapacityofthetransportermaywellmatchthatoftheundergroundrailwayatadramaticallyreducedcost.Moreover,thenewconcepttransporterissolar-poweredandcapableofemergencybraking.Whencarsbeneathitgettooclosetotherailsonwhichthetransportruns,awarningwillbetriggeredoffforothervehiclestorespondintime.Althoughuseofthetransportermightreducetrafficjamsby20-30%,its4.5meterheightmakesitssafepassagethroughbridgesandtunnelsarealproblem.This,accordingtoMr.Song,canbesolvedbyloweringtheleveloftheroadsurface.（236words）【參考譯文】中國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)的立體巴士投入使用可坐千人英國(guó)媒體盡日對(duì)中國(guó)新型立體巴士進(jìn)行了報(bào)道，認(rèn)為新型巴士的投產(chǎn)將有利于改善中國(guó)很多大城市擁堵的交通情況，同時(shí)它承載的人數(shù)大約在1400人左右，而成本只有地鐵的十分之一。據(jù)悉，設(shè)計(jì)這款新型巴士的是深圳一家公司，這家公司目前在和門頭溝政府協(xié)商相關(guān)事宜，這意味著門頭溝將成為全國(guó)的示范基地。這種新型巴士行駛的速度在60-80公立，這比普通公交巴士的時(shí)速要快了近三倍。它最大的特點(diǎn)是其他的小型車輛可以在它的下方行駛，只要高度不超過(guò)2米就可以。來(lái)自這家公司的老總宋有洲說(shuō)。而一旦投入運(yùn)營(yíng)，它的日載客規(guī)模并不亞于地鐵，但成本要比地鐵節(jié)省很多。另外，這款巴士是以太陽(yáng)能為運(yùn)行動(dòng)力，同時(shí)具有緊急剎車的功能，如果下面的小轎車靠近了巴士行駛的軌道會(huì)自動(dòng)發(fā)出報(bào)警，使得前方的車輛能夠及時(shí)做出反應(yīng)。雖然這款新型巴士可以減少20%-30%的路面擁堵情況，但是這種巴士的高度在4.5米左右，它如何通過(guò)一些橋梁建筑或者地下通道將成為疑問(wèn)。對(duì)此宋有洲表示道，這需要具體情況具體分析，只要將路面下陷就可以解決這一難題。SectionB ChinesetoEnglish(60points)念書(shū)與讀書(shū)到學(xué)校生活，像打一場(chǎng)仗，參與者身上裝的，是各種掠奪分?jǐn)?shù)的錦囊?？缄P(guān)一過(guò)，不管分?jǐn)?shù)到手與否，一律把生吞活剝的知識(shí)忘掉。這種心態(tài)，書(shū)，真是用來(lái)念的，念過(guò)便算數(shù)，不必消化，更不必用心。會(huì)考結(jié)束那天，小女孩那幫人歡呼：可以把書(shū)丟掉啦！是典型的念書(shū)力證。把這種現(xiàn)象歸于念書(shū)旗下，可撿來(lái)“小和尚念經(jīng)，有口沒(méi)心”一句撐腰，解釋比較圓滿。投入心思，廣為涉獵，類比歸納、消化分析書(shū)中材料，不以分?jǐn)?shù)為終極，才具備“讀書(shū)”的起碼要求。讀書(shū)以興趣出發(fā)，以誠(chéng)意相許，讀書(shū)只有歇腳小站，沒(méi)有終點(diǎn)。讀書(shū)是長(zhǎng)途旅行，是開(kāi)拓心靈的漫長(zhǎng)陶冶過(guò)程；念書(shū)是短程旅游，是滿足文憑欲望的虛幻紙筆戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。讀書(shū)是春風(fēng)化雨，修得一身氣質(zhì)，終身受用；念書(shū)是糊涂度日，走一段世俗小路，荒涼而乏善可陳。天底下念書(shū)的人多，讀書(shū)者少。因?yàn)樽x書(shū)需要跋涉，講究興趣與耐力，缺一不可。【參考譯文】TwoWaysofReadingSchoollifecanbelikenedtoabattleinwhichalltheparticipantsareequippedwithbagsofschemestoachievegoodresultsinexaminations.Assoonasthesessionisover,theythrowintooblivionallthattheyhavemechanicallymemorizedbeforetheyknowwhatgradestheyaregiven.Thismentalstateshowsclearlythatbooksaremeanttoberecited,nomorenoless.Themomenttheirpurposeisservedtheyaredoneawaywith.Nobodybotherstopayanyattentiontotheircontents,letalonedigestthem.Don’tyouseehowjoyfulthosegirlsarewhentheycelebratetheendofexaminationsbythrowingawaytheirbooks?Itisthestrongestproofthatreadingisdonemerelybyrote.Alsothepopularsaying:“Anovicechantsscriptures—hemoveshismouthwithouttroublinghismind.”Nothingelseillustratesthepointmoresatisfactorily.Ontheotherhand,intelligentreadingneveraimsatexaminationresults.Itrequiresdevotion—onehastodevotetimeandenergiestoextensivereadingfromwhichtodrawusefulmaterials.Thenproceedfromcomparisonandanalysistoassimilation.Readingthiswayispromptedbyinterestanddoneinearnestness.Theremaybestopoversontheway,butcertainlynoend.Itisalong-distancetravel,anendlessprocessof