小學(xué)英語必背基礎(chǔ)知識

小學(xué)英語必背基礎(chǔ)知識一、一個星期七天Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday二、一年十二個月January

February

March

April

May

JuneJuly

August

September

October

November

December三、一年四季1.spring

2.summer

3.autumn

4.winter四、容易拼寫錯的數(shù)字1.eighth第八

2.ninth第九

3.forty四十

4.twelfth第十二

5.twentieth第二十五、親屬稱呼1.daughter(女兒)

2.niece(女性晚輩)

3.nephew(男性晚輩)

4.cousin(同輩兄弟姐妹)

5.aunt(女性長輩)

6.uncle(男性長輩)六、以下動詞加-ed或-ing要雙寫最后一個字母1.regret(regretted,regretting)后悔

2.control(controlled,controlling)控制3.admit(admitted,admitting)承認(rèn)

4.occur(occurred,occurring)出現(xiàn)5.prefer(preferred,preferring)寧愿

6.refer(referred,referring)提到7.forget(forgetting)忘記

8.permit(permitted,permitting)允許9.equip(equipped,equipping)裝備注意：quarrel,signal,travel中的l可雙寫（英國英語）也可不雙寫（美國英語）七、部分過去式和過去分詞不規(guī)則變化的動詞1.broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)廣播

2.flee(fled,fled)逃跑3.forbid(forbade,forbidden)禁止

4.forgive(forgave,forgiven)原諒5.freeze(froze,frozen)結(jié)冰

6.hang(作“絞死”講，是規(guī)則的；作“懸掛”講，其過去式過去分詞都是hung)7.lie–lied–lied說謊;lie—lay---lain躺下lay-laid-laid放置

8.seek(sought,sought)尋求9.shake(shook,shaken)發(fā)抖

10.sing(sang,sung)唱歌11.sink(sank,sunk/sunken)下沉

12.spread(spread,spread)傳播13.swim(swam,swum)游泳

14.tear(tore,torn)撕碎16.wear(wore;worn)穿/戴

17.hold(held,held)

18.make(made,made)

19.keep(kept,kept)八、意思相近的詞1.check（核對）/examine(檢查)/test（測試）2.receive（收到）/accept（接受）3.destroy（毀壞；毀滅）/damage（破壞）

4.celebrate(慶祝)/congratulate（祝賀）5.wearsth/dresssb穿衣九、注意形容詞變名詞時的拼寫變化1.long—length長度

2.wide—width寬度

3.high—height高度

4.strong—strength力量以-ic結(jié)尾的動詞，應(yīng)先把-ic變?yōu)?ick，再加ing或edpicnic(picnicked,picnicking)野餐十、個別名詞的復(fù)數(shù)拼寫1.German(Germans)德國人

2.gulf(gulfs)海灣3.handkerchief(handkerchiefs)手帕roof(roofs)房頂4.hero(英雄)，potato(土豆)，tomato(西紅柿)等有生命的以-o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時要加-es。十一、注意動詞變名詞時的拼寫變化1.

succeed—success成功

2.pronounce—pronunciation發(fā)音

3.explain—explanation解釋4.decide—decision決定

5.enter—entrance進入

6.permit—permission允許7.consider—consideration考慮

8.expect—expectation期待

9.discover—discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)10.bury—burial埋葬

11.conclude—conclusion得出結(jié)論

12.arrive—arrival到達13.weigh—weight重量

14.describe—description描述

15.lose—loss損失16.anxious---anxiety焦慮十二、注意形容詞變副詞時的拼寫變化1.beautiful美麗的—beautifully

2.possible可能的—possibly3.practical實際的—practically

4.particular特別的—particularly5.successful成功的—successfully常用英漢互譯知識1.元宵節(jié)：LanternFestival2.刺繡：embroidery3.重陽節(jié)：Double-NinthFestival4.清明節(jié)：Tombsweepingday5.剪紙：PaperCutting6.書法：Calligraphy7.對聯(lián)：(SpringFestival)Couplets8.象形文字：Pictograms/PictographicCharacters9.人才流動：BrainDrain/BrainFlow10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11.戰(zhàn)國：WarringStates12.風(fēng)水：Fengshui/GeomanticOmen13.鐵飯碗：IronBowl14.函授部：TheCorrespondenceDepartment15.集體舞：GroupDance16.黃土高原：LoessPlateau17.紅白喜事：WeddingsandFunerals18.中秋節(jié)：Mid-AutumnDay19.結(jié)婚證：MarriageCertificate20.儒家文化：ConfucianCulture21.附屬學(xué)校：Affiliatedschool22.古裝片：CostumeDrama23.武打片：ChineseSwordplayMovie24.元宵：Tangyuan/SweetRiceDumpling(Soup)

25.一國兩制：OneCountry,TwoSystems26.火鍋：HotPot27.四人幫：GangofFour28.《詩經(jīng)》：TheBookofSongs29.素質(zhì)教育：Essential-qualities-orientedEducation30.《史記》：HistoricalRecords/RecordsoftheGrandHistorian31.大躍進：GreatLeapForward(Movement)32.《西游記》：TheJourneytotheWest33.除夕：ChineseNewYear’sEve/EveoftheSpringFestival34.針灸：Acupuncture35.唐三彩：Tri-colorPotteryoftheTangDynasty/TheTangTri-coloredpottery36.中國特色的社會主義：Chinese-characteredSocialist/SocialistwithChinesecharacteristics37.偏旁：radical38.孟子：Mencius39.亭/閣：Pavilion/Attic40.大中型國有企業(yè)：LargeandMedium-sizedState-ownedEnterprises41.火藥：gunpowder42.農(nóng)歷：LunarCalendar43.印/璽：Seal/Stamp44.物質(zhì)精神文明建設(shè)：TheConstructionofMaterialCivilizationandSpiritualCivilization45.京?。築eijingOpera/PekingOpera46.秦腔：CryingofQinPeople/QinOpera47.太極拳：TaiChi48.獨生子女證：TheCertificateofOne-child49.天壇：AltarofHeaveninBeijing50.小吃攤：SnackBar/SnackStand51.紅雙喜：DoubleHappiness52.政治輔導(dǎo)員：PoliticalCounselor/SchoolCounselor53.春卷：SpringRoll(s)54.蓮藕：LotusRoot55.追星族：StarStruck56.故宮博物院：ThePalaceMuseum57.相聲：Cross-talk/ComicDialogue58.下崗：Layoff/Laidoff59.北京烤鴨：BeijingRoastDuck60.高等自學(xué)考試：Self-taughtExaminationofHigherEducation61.煙花爆竹：fireworksandfirecracker62.敦煌莫高窟：MogaoCaves63.電視小品：TVSketch/TVSkit64.香港澳門同胞：CompatriotsfromHongKongandMacao65.文化大革命：CulturalRevolution66.長江中下游地區(qū)：TheMid-lowReachesofYangtzeRiver67.門當(dāng)戶對：PerfectMatch/ExactMatch68.《水滸》：WaterMargin/OutlawsoftheMarsh69.中外合資企業(yè)：JointVentures70.文房四寶（筆墨紙硯）："TheFourTreasureoftheStudy""Brush,Inkstick,Paper,andInkstone"。其它必背單詞1.abroad國外2.absencen.缺席(absentadj.)3.accept接受)4.accident事故(accidentaladj.偶然的，accidentallyadv.偶然地)5.achievement成就(achievev.獲得)6.address地址7.admire欽佩8.admit承認(rèn)（admitted)9.agreement協(xié)議10.agriculture農(nóng)業(yè)(agriculturaladj.農(nóng)業(yè)的)industry工業(yè)（industrial工業(yè)的）11.altogether總共12.ancient古代的13.announce宣告、通知announcement(n.口頭通知)14.anxiety憂慮(anxiousadj.焦急的，anxiouslyadv.焦急地)15.apologizev.道歉(apologyn.道歉)16.appear出現(xiàn)（appearance外貌n.）disappear消失/不見17.appreciate感激/欣賞(感激人用thanksb；謝謝某人做的事用appreciatesth.)18.Asian(亞洲的)19.assistant助手20.astonish吃驚(astonishmentn.吃驚，astonishing令吃驚的，astonished吃驚的)21.astronaut宇航員22.atmosphere氣氛23.attempt嘗試(n/v)attempttodosth24.attentively專心地25.attention專心payattentiontodoingsth26.attitude態(tài)度27.attract吸引(attraction吸引力)28.average平均/平均的

29.

onaverage平均30.balance平衡keepthebalanceofnature保持生態(tài)平衡31.beauty美(beautiful,beautifully)beautify美化32.believe相信(beliefn.信念，其復(fù)數(shù)是beliefs)33.beyond超過34.biology生物35.birthday生日36.bravery勇敢brave勇敢的bravely勇敢地37.broad寬闊的38.broadcast廣播(broadcastbroadcast;)39.care關(guān)心careful小心的carefully小心地40.ceiling天花板41.cinema電影院42.celebrate慶祝43.celebration慶祝n.44.century世紀(jì)45.challenge挑戰(zhàn)46.character性格47.charge收費bechargeof

48.comfortv.&n.安慰comfortable舒適的adj.comfortablyadv.舒適地49.

takechargeof管理?50.comment評論51.communicate（vt）communication(n)交流52.competition競賽(competev.競賽competitor競賽者)53.composition作文54.concert音樂會55.concludev.conclusionn.結(jié)論56.condition情況(conditions條件)57.concern關(guān)心(vt)58.congratulations祝賀(congratulatev.)59.constant不斷的constantly不斷地60.construction(建設(shè))61.continue繼續(xù)62.contribution貢獻(contributev.)makecontributionsto對?做出貢獻63.convenient(adj.)方便的conveniently方便地64.conversation談話65.coughing咳嗽66.cousin表兄弟67.cruel的(adj.cruelly殘酷地adv.)68.curious好奇的(curiosityn.好奇)69.culture（cultural文化的adj.）70.customer顧客71.whether是否72.custom習(xí)俗73.destroy毀滅(其過去式是destroyed)74.declare宣稱75.delicious美味76.damage損壞77.determined有決心的bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事78.develop發(fā)展(developmentn.developing發(fā)展中的，developed發(fā)達的)79.dialogue對話80.diary日記(dairy奶制品)81.difference不同點(復(fù)數(shù)differences)different不同的differently不同地differfrombedifferentfrommakedifferences82.disappointed失望的(disappointing讓人失望的)83.disappointment失望84.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)(復(fù)數(shù)discoveries，動詞discover，發(fā)現(xiàn)者discoverer)85.disturb打擾

86.dollar美元(其復(fù)數(shù)是dollars)

87.downstairs樓下upstairs樓上88.dream夢想(其過去式是dreamed或dreamt)89.electricity電(electrical電的，electric電的)90.employ雇用(employmentn.employer雇主，employee雇員)91.empty倒空(可用動詞，其過去式是emptied)92.encourage鼓勵(encouraging,encouraged,encouragementn.)encouragesbtodosth鼓勵某人做某事93.energy能量94.envelope信封95.envyn.妒忌96.equal(平等的)equality平等97.equipment設(shè)備98.especially尤其是99.essential(重要的)100.European歐洲人101.event事件107.expert專家102.excellent極好(excellencen.excellentlyadv.)104.exhibition展覽105.expense耗費expensive昂貴的106.experience經(jīng)驗/經(jīng)歷(experienced有經(jīng)驗的)anunusualexperience一次不同尋常的經(jīng)歷havemuchexperience經(jīng)驗豐富107.express(vt)表達expression(n)108.impress印象impression(n.)109.failv.失敗failuren.失敗failtodosth沒做成某事110.familiar(熟悉的)befamiliarto/with111.worship崇拜112.favorite最喜愛的flexible靈活的113.figure人物/數(shù)字114.finger手指115.flight飛行116.forehead前額117.foreign(外國的)118.fortunate幸運的fortunately幸運地unfortunately不幸運地119.forward向前120.freezing極冷的(frozen冷凍的)121.frequently經(jīng)常地122.furniture家具123.far遠(yuǎn)的further進一步的124.generally大概generallyspeaking一般來說125.geography地理126.Germany德國127.government政府128.gradual逐漸的gradually逐漸地129.graduation畢業(yè)(graduatefrom畢業(yè)于)130.grammar語法131.habit習(xí)慣formahabitof養(yǎng)成?習(xí)慣132.handkerchief手絹)133.honest誠實的honesty誠實134.honor/honour榮譽135.imagination想象力(imaginev.)136.immediate(立即的)immediately馬上(adv)137.takemeasures采取措施138.formahabitof養(yǎng)成?習(xí)慣139.incident小事件140.including包括(includev.)141．independent獨立的142.industry工業(yè)(industrialadj.工業(yè)的)143.information信息144.instrument儀器145.institute學(xué)院146.inspire激勵(inspirationn.inspiring鼓舞人心的,

inspired受鼓舞的)147.interest興趣interesting有興趣的beinterestedin對?感興趣148.interrupt打斷149.

judgingfrom根據(jù)?來判斷150.introduce介紹(introductionn.)151.regular規(guī)則的irregular不規(guī)則的152.journey旅程153.judge判斷(judgment)

154.kindergarten幼兒園155.knowledge知識156.labor/labour勞動157.late遲的lately最近158.laugh笑laughter笑聲159.law法律lawyer律師legal合法的illegal非法的

160.library圖書館librarian圖書館理員161.lose掉失,（lost，lost）loss損失n.162.luck幸運lucky幸運的luckily幸運地163.magazine雜志164.majority(大多數(shù))165.weather天氣

166.manage設(shè)法(manager經(jīng)理,management管理)managetodo設(shè)法做到..167.market(市場)supermarket超市168.marriage結(jié)婚(marryv.結(jié)婚，married已婚的)getmarriedto與某人結(jié)婚169.material(s)材料)170.whisper低語171.mayor市長172.mean(意味、打算)meaning意義meaningful有意義的173.measure測量

174.medal獎?wù)?比較：model模型metal金屬)175.memory記憶力(memorizev.記住，remember記得)176.message口信177.

musician音樂家178.modern現(xiàn)代的179.modest謙虛的180.monitor班長181.moustache胡子182.murder謀殺(murderer兇手)183.music音樂musical音樂的

184.mysterious神秘的(mystery神秘)185.nationality國籍(nation國家，national國家的)186.nature自然natural自然的)187.naughty淘氣的188.normal正常的189.

itisnecessaryforsbtodosth某人有必要做某事190.necessary必要

191.obey(遵守)break違反192.obvious明顯的obviously明顯地193.offer(主動提供)offertodosth主動做某事194.operate動手術(shù)operation手術(shù)195.opportunity機會（=chance）196.ordinary普通的197.organize/organise(組織)organization組織198.particularly特別是199.passenger旅客200.problem難題question問題201.patience耐心patient耐心的；病人(patiently耐心地)202.wealth財富203.perfect完美（的）(perfectly)Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧204.perform(表演)205.perhaps或許206.period時期207.permit許可vtpermission許可n208.persuaded(說服)209.phenomenon現(xiàn)象phenomena現(xiàn)象（復(fù)數(shù)）210.physicist物理學(xué)家211.pilot(飛行員)212.poisonous有毒的(poison)213.political政治的(politics)214.popular受歡迎的215.population人口216.position職位217.possibility(-ies)可能性(possible可能的)218.poverty貧窮n(poor貧窮的)219.waste(浪費)It’sawastetodosth做某事時一種浪費220.practice實踐practical(可實施的，實際的)221.prepare（準(zhǔn)備)preparation222.press壓/按pressure(壓力)223.pretend假裝pretendtodosth假裝做某事224.professor教授225.profit利潤226.progress進步makegoodprogress進步很大227.pronounce發(fā)音pronunciation(n.發(fā)音)228.provide提供(比較：supply/providesbwithsthoffersbsth提供某人某物,229.public公眾230.purpose目的onpurpose故意地231.quality質(zhì)量/素質(zhì)232.quantity（數(shù)量)233.realize(實現(xiàn)vt)realityn.現(xiàn)實234.receive收到235.recently(最近=lately)236.recycle(循環(huán)再用)237.recognize認(rèn)出238.regards問候givemyregardstosb請帶我向某人問候239.remind提醒remindsbofsth提醒某人某物240.repeatvt.重復(fù)(repetitionn.重復(fù))241.respect尊敬242.restaurant餐館243.temperature溫度244.satisfaction滿意(satisfy,satisfied,satisfying)245.umbrella(雨傘)246.Saturday(星期六)247.scientific科學(xué)的248.scientific科學(xué)的249.secretar